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28 .\" from: @(#)gettytab.5 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
36 .Nd terminal configuration data base
43 is a simplified version of the
46 used to describe terminal lines.
47 The initial terminal login process
51 file each time it starts, allowing simpler
52 reconfiguration of terminal characteristics.
53 Each entry in the data base
54 is used to describe one class of terminals.
56 There is a default terminal class,
58 that is used to set global defaults for all other classes.
61 entry is read, then the entry for the class required
62 is used to override particular settings.)
66 for a description of the file layout.
69 column below lists defaults obtained if there is
70 no entry in the table obtained, nor one in the special
73 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
74 .It Sy "Name Type Default Description"
75 .It "ac str unused expect-send chat script for modem answer"
76 .It "al str unused user to auto-login instead of prompting"
77 .It "ap bool false terminal uses any parity"
78 .It "bk str 0377 alternate end of line character (input break)"
79 .It "c0 num unused tty control flags to write messages"
80 .It "c1 num unused tty control flags to read login name"
81 .It "c2 num unused tty control flags to leave terminal as"
82 .It "ce bool false use crt erase algorithm"
83 .It "ck bool false use crt kill algorithm"
84 .It "cl str" Ta Dv NULL
85 .Ta No "screen clear sequence"
86 .It "co bool false console - add"
89 .It "ct num 10 chat timeout for"
94 .It "dc num 0 chat debug bitmask"
95 .It "de num 0 delay secs and flush input before writing first prompt"
96 .It "df str %+ the" Xr strftime 3 "format used for \&%d in the banner message"
97 .It "ds str" Ta So Li ^Y
98 .Sc Ta No "delayed suspend character"
99 .It "dx bool false set"
101 .It "ec bool false leave echo"
103 .It "ep bool false terminal uses even parity"
104 .It "er str" Ta So Li ^?
105 .Sc Ta No "erase character"
106 .It "et str" Ta So Li ^D
107 .Sc Ta No "end of text"
110 .It "ev str" Ta Dv NULL
111 .Ta No "initial environment"
112 .It "fl str" Ta So Li ^O
113 .Sc Ta No "output flush character"
114 .It "hc bool false do"
116 hangup line on last close
117 .It "he str" Ta Dv NULL
118 .Ta No "hostname editing regular expression"
119 .It "hn str hostname hostname"
120 .It "ht bool false terminal has real tabs"
121 .It "hw bool false do cts/rts hardware flow control"
122 .It "i0 num unused tty input flags to write messages"
123 .It "i1 num unused tty input flags to read login name"
124 .It "i2 num unused tty input flags to leave terminal as"
125 .It "ic str unused expect-send chat script for modem initialization"
126 .It "if str unused display named file before prompt, like /etc/issue"
127 .It "ig bool false ignore garbage characters in login name"
128 .It "im str" Ta Dv NULL
129 .Ta No "initial (banner) message"
130 .It "iM str" Ta Dv NULL
131 .Ta No "execute named file to generate initial (banner) message"
132 .It "in str" Ta So Li ^C
133 .Sc Ta No "interrupt character"
134 .It "is num unused input speed"
135 .It "kl str" Ta So Li ^U
136 .Sc Ta No "kill character"
137 .It "l0 num unused tty local flags to write messages"
138 .It "l1 num unused tty local flags to read login name"
139 .It "l2 num unused tty local flags to leave terminal as"
140 .It "lm str login: login prompt"
141 .It "ln str" Ta So Li ^V
142 .Sc Ta No "``literal next'' character"
143 .It "lo str" Ta Pa /usr/bin/login
144 .Ta No "program to exec when name obtained"
145 .It "mb bool false do flow control based on carrier"
146 .It "nc bool false terminal does not supply carrier (set clocal)"
147 .It "nl bool false terminal has (or might have) a newline character"
148 .It "np bool false terminal uses no parity (i.e., 8-bit characters)"
149 .It "nx str default next table (for auto speed selection)"
150 .It "o0 num unused tty output flags to write messages"
151 .It "o1 num unused tty output flags to read login name"
152 .It "o2 num unused tty output flags to leave terminal as"
153 .It "op bool false terminal uses odd parity"
154 .It "os num unused output speed"
155 .It "pc str" Ta So Li \e0
156 .Sc Ta No "pad character"
157 .It "pe bool false use printer (hard copy) erase algorithm"
159 between first prompt and following flush (seconds)
160 .It "pl bool false start PPP login program unconditionally if"
163 .It "pp str unused PPP login program"
164 .It "ps bool false line connected to a"
167 .It "qu str" Ta So Li \&^\e
168 .Sc Ta No "quit character"
169 .It "rp str" Ta So Li ^R
170 .Sc Ta No "line retype character"
171 .It "rt num unused ring timeout when using"
173 .It "rw bool false do"
175 use raw for input, use cbreak
176 .It "sp num unused line speed (input and output)"
177 .It "su str" Ta So Li ^Z
178 .Sc Ta No "suspend character"
179 .It "tc str none table continuation"
180 .It "to num 0 timeout (seconds)"
181 .It "tt str" Ta Dv NULL
182 .Ta No "terminal type (for environment)"
183 .It "ub bool false do unbuffered output (of prompts etc)"
184 .It "we str" Ta So Li ^W
185 .Sc Ta No "word erase character"
186 .It "xc bool false do"
188 echo control chars as
190 .It "xf str" Ta So Li ^S Sc Ta Dv XOFF
191 (stop output) character
192 .It "xn str" Ta So Li ^Q Sc Ta Dv XON
193 (start output) character
194 .It "Lo str C the locale name used for \&%d in the banner message"
197 The following capabilities are no longer supported by
199 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
200 .It "bd num 0 backspace delay"
201 .It "cb bool false use crt backspace mode"
202 .It "cd num 0 carriage-return delay"
203 .It "f0 num unused tty mode flags to write messages"
204 .It "f1 num unused tty mode flags to read login name"
205 .It "f2 num unused tty mode flags to leave terminal as"
206 .It "fd num 0 form-feed (vertical motion) delay"
207 .It "lc bool false terminal has lower case"
208 .It "nd num 0 newline (line-feed) delay"
209 .It "uc bool false terminal is known upper case only"
212 If no line speed is specified, speed will not be altered
213 from that which prevails when getty is entered.
214 Specifying an input or output speed will override
215 line speed for stated direction only.
217 Terminal modes to be used for the output of the message,
218 for input of the login name,
219 and to leave the terminal set as upon completion,
220 are derived from the boolean flags specified.
221 If the derivation should prove inadequate,
222 any (or all) of these three may be overridden
237 numeric specifications, which can be used to specify
238 (usually in octal, with a leading '0')
239 the exact values of the flags.
240 These flags correspond to the termios
246 fields, respectively.
247 Each these sets must be completely specified to be effective.
251 receive a null character
252 (presumed to indicate a line break)
253 it will restart using the table indicated by the
256 If there is none, it will re-use its original table.
258 Delays are specified in milliseconds, the nearest possible
259 delay available in the tty driver will be used.
260 Should greater certainty be desired, delays
261 with values 0, 1, 2, and 3 are interpreted as
262 choosing that particular delay algorithm from the driver.
266 screen clear string may be preceded by a (decimal) number
267 of milliseconds of delay required (a la termcap).
268 This delay is simulated by repeated use of the pad character
271 The initial message, login message, and initial file;
276 may include any of the following character sequences, which expand to
277 information about the environment in which
280 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&%xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
282 The current date and time formatted according to the
288 The hostname of the machine, which is normally obtained from the
291 but may also be overridden by the
294 In either case it may be edited with the
298 regular expression, which is matched against the hostname.
299 If there are no parenthesized subexpressions in the pattern,
300 the entire matched string is used as the final hostname;
301 otherwise, the first matched subexpression is used instead.
302 If the pattern does not match, the original hostname is not modified.
305 .It "\&%m, \&%r, \&%s, \&%v"
306 The type of machine, release of the operating system, name of the
307 operating system, and version of the kernel, respectively, as
316 When getty execs the login process, given
320 .Dq Pa /usr/bin/login ) ,
322 the environment to include the terminal type, as indicated
325 string (if it exists).
328 string, can be used to enter additional data into
330 It is a list of comma separated strings, each of which
331 will presumably be of the form
334 If a non-zero timeout is specified, with
336 then getty will exit within the indicated
337 number of seconds, either having
338 received a login name and passed control
341 or having received an alarm signal, and exited.
342 This may be useful to hangup dial in lines.
346 is even parity unless
354 may be specified with
356 to allow any parity on input, but generate odd parity output.
357 Note: this only applies while getty is being run,
358 terminal driver limitations prevent a more complete
362 utility does not check parity of input characters in
368 string is specified and a PPP link bring-up sequence is recognized,
369 getty will invoke the program referenced by the
372 This can be used to handle incoming PPP calls.
375 option is true as well,
377 will skip the user name prompt and the PPP detection phase, and will
378 invoke the program specified by
383 provides some basic intelligent modem handling by providing a chat
384 script feature available via two capabilities:
386 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
388 Chat script to initialize modem.
390 Chat script to answer a call.
393 A chat script is a set of expect/send string pairs.
394 When a chat string starts,
396 will wait for the first string, and if it finds it, will send the
398 Strings specified are separated by one or more tabs or spaces.
399 Strings may contain standard ASCII characters and special 'escapes',
400 which consist of a backslash character followed by one or more
401 characters which are interpreted as follows:
403 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
423 hexadecimal byte value.
430 sequence is only valid for send strings and causes a half-second
431 pause between sending the previous and next characters.
432 Hexadecimal values are, at most, 2 hex digits long, and octal
433 values are a maximum of 3 octal digits.
437 chat sequence is used to initialize a modem or similar device.
438 A typical example of an init chat script for a modem with a
439 hayes compatible command set might look like this:
441 .Dl :ic="" ATE0Q0V1\er OK\er ATS0=0\er OK\er:
443 This script waits for nothing (which always succeeds), sends
444 a sequence to ensure that the modem is in the correct mode
445 (suppress command echo, send responses in verbose mode),
446 and then disables auto-answer.
447 It waits for an "OK" response before it terminates.
448 The init sequence is used to check modem responses to ensure that
449 the modem is functioning correctly.
450 If the init script fails to complete,
452 considers this to be fatal, and results in an error logged via
456 Similarly, an answer chat script is used to manually answer the
457 phone in response to (usually) a "RING".
458 When run with an answer script,
460 opens the port in non-blocking mode, clears any extraneous input
461 and waits for data on the port.
462 As soon as any data is available, the answer chat script is
463 started and scanned for a string, and responds according to
464 the answer chat script.
465 With a hayes compatible modem, this would normally look something
468 .Dl :ac=RING\er ATA\er CONNECT:
470 This causes the modem to answer the call via the "ATA" command,
471 then scans input for a "CONNECT" string.
472 If this is received before a
474 timeout, then a normal login sequence commences.
478 capability specifies a timeout for all send and expect strings.
479 This timeout is set individually for each expect wait and send
480 string and must be at least as long as the time it takes for
481 a connection to be established between a remote and local
482 modem (usually around 10 seconds).
484 In most situations, you will want to flush any additional
485 input after the connection has been detected, and the
487 capability may be used to do that, as well as delay for a
488 short time after the connection has been established during
489 which all of the connection data has been sent by the modem.
500 file format appeared in
503 The special characters (erase, kill, etc.) are reset to system defaults
508 cases, '#' or '^H' typed in a login name will be treated as
509 an erase character, and '@' will be treated as a kill character.
511 The delay stuff is a real crock.
512 Apart form its general lack of flexibility, some
513 of the delay algorithms are not implemented.
514 The terminal driver should support sane delay settings.
518 format is horrid, something more rational should