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28 .\" from: @(#)gettytab.5 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
36 .Nd terminal configuration data base
43 is a simplified version of the
46 used to describe terminal lines.
47 The initial terminal login process
51 file each time it starts, allowing simpler
52 reconfiguration of terminal characteristics.
53 Each entry in the data base
54 is used to describe one class of terminals.
56 There is a default terminal class,
58 that is used to set global defaults for all other classes.
61 entry is read, then the entry for the class required
62 is used to override particular settings.)
66 for a description of the file layout.
69 column below lists defaults obtained if there is
70 no entry in the table obtained, nor one in the special
73 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
74 .It Sy "Name Type Default Description"
75 .It "ac str unused expect-send chat script for modem answer"
76 .It "al str unused user to auto-login instead of prompting"
77 .It "ap bool false terminal uses any parity"
78 .It "bk str 0377 alternate end of line character (input break)"
79 .It "c0 num unused tty control flags to write messages"
80 .It "c1 num unused tty control flags to read login name"
81 .It "c2 num unused tty control flags to leave terminal as"
82 .It "ce bool false use crt erase algorithm"
83 .It "ck bool false use crt kill algorithm"
84 .It "cl str" Ta Dv NULL
85 .Ta No "screen clear sequence"
86 .It "co bool false console - add"
89 .It "ct num 10 chat timeout for"
94 .It "dc num 0 chat debug bitmask"
95 .It "de num 0 delay secs and flush input before writing first prompt"
96 .It "df str %+ the" Xr strftime 3 "format used for \&%d in the banner message"
97 .It "ds str" Ta So Li ^Y
98 .Sc Ta No "delayed suspend character"
99 .It "dx bool false set"
101 .It "ec bool false leave echo"
103 .It "ep bool false terminal uses even parity"
104 .It "er str" Ta So Li ^?
105 .Sc Ta No "erase character"
106 .It "et str" Ta So Li ^D
107 .Sc Ta No "end of text"
110 .It "ev str" Ta Dv NULL
111 .Ta No "initial environment"
112 .It "f0 num unused tty mode flags to write messages"
113 .It "f1 num unused tty mode flags to read login name"
114 .It "f2 num unused tty mode flags to leave terminal as"
115 .It "fl str" Ta So Li ^O
116 .Sc Ta No "output flush character"
117 .It "hc bool false do"
119 hangup line on last close
120 .It "he str" Ta Dv NULL
121 .Ta No "hostname editing regular expression"
122 .It "hn str hostname hostname"
123 .It "ht bool false terminal has real tabs"
124 .It "hw bool false do cts/rts hardware flow control"
125 .It "i0 num unused tty input flags to write messages"
126 .It "i1 num unused tty input flags to read login name"
127 .It "i2 num unused tty input flags to leave terminal as"
128 .It "ic str unused expect-send chat script for modem initialization"
129 .It "if str unused display named file before prompt, like /etc/issue"
130 .It "ig bool false ignore garbage characters in login name"
131 .It "im str" Ta Dv NULL
132 .Ta No "initial (banner) message"
133 .It "iM str" Ta Dv NULL
134 .Ta No "execute named file to generate initial (banner) message"
135 .It "in str" Ta So Li ^C
136 .Sc Ta No "interrupt character"
137 .It "is num unused input speed"
138 .It "kl str" Ta So Li ^U
139 .Sc Ta No "kill character"
140 .It "l0 num unused tty local flags to write messages"
141 .It "l1 num unused tty local flags to read login name"
142 .It "l2 num unused tty local flags to leave terminal as"
143 .It "lm str login: login prompt"
144 .It "ln str" Ta So Li ^V
145 .Sc Ta No "``literal next'' character"
146 .It "lo str" Ta Pa /usr/bin/login
147 .Ta No "program to exec when name obtained"
148 .It "mb bool false do flow control based on carrier"
149 .It "nc bool false terminal does not supply carrier (set clocal)"
150 .It "nl bool false terminal has (or might have) a newline character"
151 .It "np bool false terminal uses no parity (i.e., 8-bit characters)"
152 .It "nx str default next table (for auto speed selection)"
153 .It "o0 num unused tty output flags to write messages"
154 .It "o1 num unused tty output flags to read login name"
155 .It "o2 num unused tty output flags to leave terminal as"
156 .It "op bool false terminal uses odd parity"
157 .It "os num unused output speed"
158 .It "pc str" Ta So Li \e0
159 .Sc Ta No "pad character"
160 .It "pe bool false use printer (hard copy) erase algorithm"
162 between first prompt and following flush (seconds)
163 .It "pl bool false start PPP login program unconditionally if"
166 .It "pp str unused PPP login program"
167 .It "ps bool false line connected to a"
170 .It "qu str" Ta So Li \&^\e
171 .Sc Ta No "quit character"
172 .It "rp str" Ta So Li ^R
173 .Sc Ta No "line retype character"
174 .It "rt num unused ring timeout when using"
176 .It "rw bool false do"
178 use raw for input, use cbreak
179 .It "sp num unused line speed (input and output)"
180 .It "su str" Ta So Li ^Z
181 .Sc Ta No "suspend character"
182 .It "tc str none table continuation"
183 .It "to num 0 timeout (seconds)"
184 .It "tt str" Ta Dv NULL
185 .Ta No "terminal type (for environment)"
186 .It "ub bool false do unbuffered output (of prompts etc)"
187 .It "we str" Ta So Li ^W
188 .Sc Ta No "word erase character"
189 .It "xc bool false do"
191 echo control chars as
193 .It "xf str" Ta So Li ^S Sc Ta Dv XOFF
194 (stop output) character
195 .It "xn str" Ta So Li ^Q Sc Ta Dv XON
196 (start output) character
197 .It "Lo str C the locale name used for \&%d in the banner message"
200 The following capabilities are no longer supported by
202 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
203 .It "bd num 0 backspace delay"
204 .It "cb bool false use crt backspace mode"
205 .It "cd num 0 carriage-return delay"
206 .It "fd num 0 form-feed (vertical motion) delay"
207 .It "lc bool false terminal has lower case"
208 .It "nd num 0 newline (line-feed) delay"
209 .It "uc bool false terminal is known upper case only"
212 If no line speed is specified, speed will not be altered
213 from that which prevails when getty is entered.
214 Specifying an input or output speed will override
215 line speed for stated direction only.
217 Terminal modes to be used for the output of the message,
218 for input of the login name,
219 and to leave the terminal set as upon completion,
220 are derived from the boolean flags specified.
221 If the derivation should prove inadequate,
222 any (or all) of these three may be overridden
237 numeric specifications, which can be used to specify
238 (usually in octal, with a leading '0')
239 the exact values of the flags.
240 These flags correspond to the termios
246 fields, respectively.
247 Each these sets must be completely specified to be effective.
253 are excepted for backwards compatibility with a previous incarnation of
255 In these flags the bottom 16 bits of the (32 bits)
256 value contain the sgttyb
258 field, while the top 16 bits represent the local mode word.
262 receive a null character
263 (presumed to indicate a line break)
264 it will restart using the table indicated by the
267 If there is none, it will re-use its original table.
269 Delays are specified in milliseconds, the nearest possible
270 delay available in the tty driver will be used.
271 Should greater certainty be desired, delays
272 with values 0, 1, 2, and 3 are interpreted as
273 choosing that particular delay algorithm from the driver.
277 screen clear string may be preceded by a (decimal) number
278 of milliseconds of delay required (a la termcap).
279 This delay is simulated by repeated use of the pad character
282 The initial message, login message, and initial file;
287 may include any of the following character sequences, which expand to
288 information about the environment in which
291 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&%xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
293 The current date and time formatted according to the
299 The hostname of the machine, which is normally obtained from the
302 but may also be overridden by the
305 In either case it may be edited with the
309 regular expression, which is matched against the hostname.
310 If there are no parenthesized subexpressions in the pattern,
311 the entire matched string is used as the final hostname;
312 otherwise, the first matched subexpression is used instead.
313 If the pattern does not match, the original hostname is not modified.
316 .It "\&%m, \&%r, \&%s, \&%v"
317 The type of machine, release of the operating system, name of the
318 operating system, and version of the kernel, respectively, as
327 When getty execs the login process, given
331 .Dq Pa /usr/bin/login ) ,
333 the environment to include the terminal type, as indicated
336 string (if it exists).
339 string, can be used to enter additional data into
341 It is a list of comma separated strings, each of which
342 will presumably be of the form
345 If a non-zero timeout is specified, with
347 then getty will exit within the indicated
348 number of seconds, either having
349 received a login name and passed control
352 or having received an alarm signal, and exited.
353 This may be useful to hangup dial in lines.
357 is even parity unless
365 may be specified with
367 to allow any parity on input, but generate odd parity output.
368 Note: this only applies while getty is being run,
369 terminal driver limitations prevent a more complete
373 utility does not check parity of input characters in
379 string is specified and a PPP link bring-up sequence is recognized,
380 getty will invoke the program referenced by the
383 This can be used to handle incoming PPP calls.
386 option is true as well,
388 will skip the user name prompt and the PPP detection phase, and will
389 invoke the program specified by
394 provides some basic intelligent modem handling by providing a chat
395 script feature available via two capabilities:
397 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
399 Chat script to initialize modem.
401 Chat script to answer a call.
404 A chat script is a set of expect/send string pairs.
405 When a chat string starts,
407 will wait for the first string, and if it finds it, will send the
409 Strings specified are separated by one or more tabs or spaces.
410 Strings may contain standard ASCII characters and special 'escapes',
411 which consist of a backslash character followed by one or more
412 characters which are interpreted as follows:
414 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
434 hexadecimal byte value.
441 sequence is only valid for send strings and causes a half-second
442 pause between sending the previous and next characters.
443 Hexadecimal values are, at most, 2 hex digits long, and octal
444 values are a maximum of 3 octal digits.
448 chat sequence is used to initialize a modem or similar device.
449 A typical example of an init chat script for a modem with a
450 hayes compatible command set might look like this:
452 .Dl :ic="" ATE0Q0V1\er OK\er ATS0=0\er OK\er:
454 This script waits for nothing (which always succeeds), sends
455 a sequence to ensure that the modem is in the correct mode
456 (suppress command echo, send responses in verbose mode),
457 and then disables auto-answer.
458 It waits for an "OK" response before it terminates.
459 The init sequence is used to check modem responses to ensure that
460 the modem is functioning correctly.
461 If the init script fails to complete,
463 considers this to be fatal, and results in an error logged via
467 Similarly, an answer chat script is used to manually answer the
468 phone in response to (usually) a "RING".
469 When run with an answer script,
471 opens the port in non-blocking mode, clears any extraneous input
472 and waits for data on the port.
473 As soon as any data is available, the answer chat script is
474 started and scanned for a string, and responds according to
475 the answer chat script.
476 With a hayes compatible modem, this would normally look something
479 .Dl :ac=RING\er ATA\er CONNECT:
481 This causes the modem to answer the call via the "ATA" command,
482 then scans input for a "CONNECT" string.
483 If this is received before a
485 timeout, then a normal login sequence commences.
489 capability specifies a timeout for all send and expect strings.
490 This timeout is set individually for each expect wait and send
491 string and must be at least as long as the time it takes for
492 a connection to be established between a remote and local
493 modem (usually around 10 seconds).
495 In most situations, you will want to flush any additional
496 input after the connection has been detected, and the
498 capability may be used to do that, as well as delay for a
499 short time after the connection has been established during
500 which all of the connection data has been sent by the modem.
511 file format appeared in
514 The special characters (erase, kill, etc.) are reset to system defaults
519 cases, '#' or '^H' typed in a login name will be treated as
520 an erase character, and '@' will be treated as a kill character.
522 The delay stuff is a real crock.
523 Apart form its general lack of flexibility, some
524 of the delay algorithms are not implemented.
525 The terminal driver should support sane delay settings.
529 format is horrid, something more rational should