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28 .\" from: @(#)gettytab.5 8.4 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
36 .Nd terminal configuration data base
43 is a simplified version of the
46 used to describe terminal lines.
47 The initial terminal login process
51 file each time it starts, allowing simpler
52 reconfiguration of terminal characteristics.
53 Each entry in the data base
54 is used to describe one class of terminals.
56 There is a default terminal class,
58 that is used to set global defaults for all other classes.
61 entry is read, then the entry for the class required
62 is used to override particular settings.)
66 for a description of the file layout.
69 column below lists defaults obtained if there is
70 no entry in the table obtained, nor one in the special
73 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
74 .It Sy "Name Type Default Description"
75 .It "ac str unused expect-send chat script for modem answer"
76 .It "al str unused user to auto-login instead of prompting"
77 .It "ap bool false terminal uses any parity"
78 .It "bk str 0377 alternate end of line character (input break)"
79 .It "c0 num unused tty control flags to write messages"
80 .It "c1 num unused tty control flags to read login name"
81 .It "c2 num unused tty control flags to leave terminal as"
82 .It "ce bool false use crt erase algorithm"
83 .It "ck bool false use crt kill algorithm"
84 .It "cl str" Ta Dv NULL
85 .Ta No "screen clear sequence"
86 .It "co bool false console - add"
89 .It "ct num 10 chat timeout for"
94 .It "dc num 0 chat debug bitmask"
95 .It "de num 0 delay secs and flush input before writing first prompt"
96 .It "df str %+ the" Xr strftime 3 "format used for \&%d in the banner message"
97 .It "ds str" Ta So Li ^Y
98 .Sc Ta No "delayed suspend character"
99 .It "dx bool false set"
101 .It "ec bool false leave echo"
103 .It "ep bool false terminal uses even parity"
104 .It "er str" Ta So Li ^?
105 .Sc Ta No "erase character"
106 .It "et str" Ta So Li ^D
107 .Sc Ta No "end of text"
110 .It "ev str" Ta Dv NULL
111 .Ta No "initial environment"
112 .It "f0 num unused tty mode flags to write messages"
113 .It "f1 num unused tty mode flags to read login name"
114 .It "f2 num unused tty mode flags to leave terminal as"
115 .It "fl str" Ta So Li ^O
116 .Sc Ta No "output flush character"
117 .It "hc bool false do"
119 hangup line on last close
120 .It "he str" Ta Dv NULL
121 .Ta No "hostname editing regular expression"
122 .It "hn str hostname hostname"
123 .It "ht bool false terminal has real tabs"
124 .It "hw bool false do cts/rts hardware flow control"
125 .It "i0 num unused tty input flags to write messages"
126 .It "i1 num unused tty input flags to read login name"
127 .It "i2 num unused tty input flags to leave terminal as"
128 .It "ic str unused expect-send chat script for modem initialization"
129 .It "if str unused display named file before prompt, like /etc/issue"
130 .It "ig bool false ignore garbage characters in login name"
131 .It "im str" Ta Dv NULL
132 .Ta No "initial (banner) message"
133 .It "in str" Ta So Li ^C
134 .Sc Ta No "interrupt character"
135 .It "is num unused input speed"
136 .It "kl str" Ta So Li ^U
137 .Sc Ta No "kill character"
138 .It "l0 num unused tty local flags to write messages"
139 .It "l1 num unused tty local flags to read login name"
140 .It "l2 num unused tty local flags to leave terminal as"
141 .It "lm str login: login prompt"
142 .It "ln str" Ta So Li ^V
143 .Sc Ta No "``literal next'' character"
144 .It "lo str" Ta Pa /usr/bin/login
145 .Ta No "program to exec when name obtained"
146 .It "mb bool false do flow control based on carrier"
147 .It "nc bool false terminal does not supply carrier (set clocal)"
148 .It "nl bool false terminal has (or might have) a newline character"
149 .It "np bool false terminal uses no parity (i.e. 8-bit characters)"
150 .It "nx str default next table (for auto speed selection)"
151 .It "o0 num unused tty output flags to write messages"
152 .It "o1 num unused tty output flags to read login name"
153 .It "o2 num unused tty output flags to leave terminal as"
154 .It "op bool false terminal uses odd parity"
155 .It "os num unused output speed"
156 .It "pc str" Ta So Li \e0
157 .Sc Ta No "pad character"
158 .It "pe bool false use printer (hard copy) erase algorithm"
160 between first prompt and following flush (seconds)
161 .It "pl bool false start PPP login program unconditionally if"
164 .It "pp str unused PPP login program"
165 .It "ps bool false line connected to a"
168 .It "qu str" Ta So Li \&^\e
169 .Sc Ta No "quit character"
170 .It "rp str" Ta So Li ^R
171 .Sc Ta No "line retype character"
172 .It "rt num unused ring timeout when using"
174 .It "rw bool false do"
176 use raw for input, use cbreak
177 .It "sp num unused line speed (input and output)"
178 .It "su str" Ta So Li ^Z
179 .Sc Ta No "suspend character"
180 .It "tc str none table continuation"
181 .It "to num 0 timeout (seconds)"
182 .It "tt str" Ta Dv NULL
183 .Ta No "terminal type (for environment)"
184 .It "ub bool false do unbuffered output (of prompts etc)"
185 .It "we str" Ta So Li ^W
186 .Sc Ta No "word erase character"
187 .It "xc bool false do"
189 echo control chars as
191 .It "xf str" Ta So Li ^S Sc Ta Dv XOFF
192 (stop output) character
193 .It "xn str" Ta So Li ^Q Sc Ta Dv XON
194 (start output) character
195 .It "Lo str C the locale name used for \&%d in the banner message"
198 The following capabilities are no longer supported by
200 .Bl -column Name Type /usr/bin/login
201 .It "bd num 0 backspace delay"
202 .It "cb bool false use crt backspace mode"
203 .It "cd num 0 carriage-return delay"
204 .It "fd num 0 form-feed (vertical motion) delay"
205 .It "lc bool false terminal has lower case"
206 .It "nd num 0 newline (line-feed) delay"
207 .It "uc bool false terminal is known upper case only"
210 If no line speed is specified, speed will not be altered
211 from that which prevails when getty is entered.
212 Specifying an input or output speed will override
213 line speed for stated direction only.
215 Terminal modes to be used for the output of the message,
216 for input of the login name,
217 and to leave the terminal set as upon completion,
218 are derived from the boolean flags specified.
219 If the derivation should prove inadequate,
220 any (or all) of these three may be overridden
235 numeric specifications, which can be used to specify
236 (usually in octal, with a leading '0')
237 the exact values of the flags.
238 These flags correspond to the termios
244 fields, respectively.
245 Each these sets must be completely specified to be effective.
251 are excepted for backwards compatibility with a previous incarnation of
253 In these flags the bottom 16 bits of the (32 bits)
254 value contain the sgttyb
256 field, while the top 16 bits represent the local mode word.
260 receive a null character
261 (presumed to indicate a line break)
262 it will restart using the table indicated by the
265 If there is none, it will re-use its original table.
267 Delays are specified in milliseconds, the nearest possible
268 delay available in the tty driver will be used.
269 Should greater certainty be desired, delays
270 with values 0, 1, 2, and 3 are interpreted as
271 choosing that particular delay algorithm from the driver.
275 screen clear string may be preceded by a (decimal) number
276 of milliseconds of delay required (a la termcap).
277 This delay is simulated by repeated use of the pad character
280 The initial message, login message, and initial file;
285 may include any of the following character sequences, which expand to
286 information about the environment in which
289 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&%xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
291 The current date and time formatted according to the
297 The hostname of the machine, which is normally obtained from the
300 but may also be overridden by the
303 In either case it may be edited with the
307 regular expression, which is matched against the hostname.
308 If there are no parenthesized subexpressions in the pattern,
309 the entire matched string is used as the final hostname;
310 otherwise, the first matched subexpression is used instead.
311 If the pattern does not match, the original hostname is not modified.
314 .It "\&%m, \&%r, \&%s, \&%v"
315 The type of machine, release of the operating system, name of the
316 operating system, and version of the kernel, respectively, as
325 When getty execs the login process, given
329 .Dq Pa /usr/bin/login ) ,
331 the environment to include the terminal type, as indicated
334 string (if it exists).
337 string, can be used to enter additional data into
339 It is a list of comma separated strings, each of which
340 will presumably be of the form
343 If a non-zero timeout is specified, with
345 then getty will exit within the indicated
346 number of seconds, either having
347 received a login name and passed control
350 or having received an alarm signal, and exited.
351 This may be useful to hangup dial in lines.
355 is even parity unless
363 may be specified with
365 to allow any parity on input, but generate odd parity output.
366 Note: this only applies while getty is being run,
367 terminal driver limitations prevent a more complete
371 utility does not check parity of input characters in
377 string is specified and a PPP link bring-up sequence is recognized,
378 getty will invoke the program referenced by the
381 This can be used to handle incoming PPP calls.
384 option is true as well,
386 will skip the user name prompt and the PPP detection phase, and will
387 invoke the program specified by
392 provides some basic intelligent modem handling by providing a chat
393 script feature available via two capabilities:
395 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
397 Chat script to initialize modem.
399 Chat script to answer a call.
402 A chat script is a set of expect/send string pairs.
403 When a chat string starts,
405 will wait for the first string, and if it finds it, will send the
407 Strings specified are separated by one or more tabs or spaces.
408 Strings may contain standard ASCII characters and special 'escapes',
409 which consist of a backslash character followed by one or more
410 characters which are interpreted as follows:
412 .Bl -tag -offset indent -width \&xxxxxxxx -compact
432 hexadecimal byte value.
439 sequence is only valid for send strings and causes a half-second
440 pause between sending the previous and next characters.
441 Hexadecimal values are, at most, 2 hex digits long, and octal
442 values are a maximum of 3 octal digits.
446 chat sequence is used to initialize a modem or similar device.
447 A typical example of an init chat script for a modem with a
448 hayes compatible command set might look like this:
450 .Dl :ic="" ATE0Q0V1\er OK\er ATS0=0\er OK\er:
452 This script waits for nothing (which always succeeds), sends
453 a sequence to ensure that the modem is in the correct mode
454 (suppress command echo, send responses in verbose mode),
455 and then disables auto-answer.
456 It waits for an "OK" response before it terminates.
457 The init sequence is used to check modem responses to ensure that
458 the modem is functioning correctly.
459 If the init script fails to complete,
461 considers this to be fatal, and results in an error logged via
465 Similarly, an answer chat script is used to manually answer the
466 phone in response to (usually) a "RING".
467 When run with an answer script,
469 opens the port in non-blocking mode, clears any extraneous input
470 and waits for data on the port.
471 As soon as any data is available, the answer chat script is
472 started and scanned for a string, and responds according to
473 the answer chat script.
474 With a hayes compatible modem, this would normally look something
477 .Dl :ac=RING\er ATA\er CONNECT:
479 This causes the modem to answer the call via the "ATA" command,
480 then scans input for a "CONNECT" string.
481 If this is received before a
483 timeout, then a normal login sequence commences.
487 capability specifies a timeout for all send and expect strings.
488 This timeout is set individually for each expect wait and send
489 string and must be at least as long as the time it takes for
490 a connection to be established between a remote and local
491 modem (usually around 10 seconds).
493 In most situations, you will want to flush any additional
494 input after the connection has been detected, and the
496 capability may be used to do that, as well as delay for a
497 short time after the connection has been established during
498 which all of the connection data has been sent by the modem.
509 file format appeared in
512 The special characters (erase, kill, etc.) are reset to system defaults
517 cases, '#' or '^H' typed in a login name will be treated as
518 an erase character, and '@' will be treated as a kill character.
520 The delay stuff is a real crock.
521 Apart form its general lack of flexibility, some
522 of the delay algorithms are not implemented.
523 The terminal driver should support sane delay settings.
527 format is horrid, something more rational should