1 /* $OpenBSD: misc.c,v 1.127 2018/03/12 00:52:01 djm Exp $ */
3 * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl. All rights reserved.
4 * Copyright (c) 2005,2006 Damien Miller. All rights reserved.
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
31 #include <sys/socket.h>
49 #include <netinet/in.h>
50 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip.h>
52 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
62 #ifdef SSH_TUN_OPENBSD
75 /* remove newline at end of string */
81 if (*t == '\n' || *t == '\r') {
91 /* set/unset filedescriptor to non-blocking */
97 val = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
99 error("fcntl(%d, F_GETFL): %s", fd, strerror(errno));
102 if (val & O_NONBLOCK) {
103 debug3("fd %d is O_NONBLOCK", fd);
106 debug2("fd %d setting O_NONBLOCK", fd);
108 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, val) == -1) {
109 debug("fcntl(%d, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK): %s", fd,
117 unset_nonblock(int fd)
121 val = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
123 error("fcntl(%d, F_GETFL): %s", fd, strerror(errno));
126 if (!(val & O_NONBLOCK)) {
127 debug3("fd %d is not O_NONBLOCK", fd);
130 debug("fd %d clearing O_NONBLOCK", fd);
132 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, val) == -1) {
133 debug("fcntl(%d, F_SETFL, ~O_NONBLOCK): %s",
134 fd, strerror(errno));
141 ssh_gai_strerror(int gaierr)
143 if (gaierr == EAI_SYSTEM && errno != 0)
144 return strerror(errno);
145 return gai_strerror(gaierr);
148 /* disable nagle on socket */
156 if (getsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &opt, &optlen) == -1) {
157 debug("getsockopt TCP_NODELAY: %.100s", strerror(errno));
161 debug2("fd %d is TCP_NODELAY", fd);
165 debug2("fd %d setting TCP_NODELAY", fd);
166 if (setsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY, &opt, sizeof opt) == -1)
167 error("setsockopt TCP_NODELAY: %.100s", strerror(errno));
170 /* Allow local port reuse in TIME_WAIT */
172 set_reuseaddr(int fd)
176 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1) {
177 error("setsockopt SO_REUSEADDR fd %d: %s", fd, strerror(errno));
183 /* Get/set routing domain */
187 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_GET_RDOMAIN)
188 return sys_get_rdomain(fd);
189 #elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
192 socklen_t len = sizeof(rtable);
194 if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RTABLE, &rtable, &len) == -1) {
195 error("Failed to get routing domain for fd %d: %s",
196 fd, strerror(errno));
199 xasprintf(&ret, "%d", rtable);
201 #else /* defined(__OpenBSD__) */
207 set_rdomain(int fd, const char *name)
209 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_SET_RDOMAIN)
210 return sys_set_rdomain(fd, name);
211 #elif defined(__OpenBSD__)
216 return 0; /* default table */
218 rtable = (int)strtonum(name, 0, 255, &errstr);
219 if (errstr != NULL) {
220 /* Shouldn't happen */
221 error("Invalid routing domain \"%s\": %s", name, errstr);
224 if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RTABLE,
225 &rtable, sizeof(rtable)) == -1) {
226 error("Failed to set routing domain %d on fd %d: %s",
227 rtable, fd, strerror(errno));
231 #else /* defined(__OpenBSD__) */
232 error("Setting routing domain is not supported on this platform");
237 /* Characters considered whitespace in strsep calls. */
238 #define WHITESPACE " \t\r\n"
241 /* return next token in configuration line */
253 *s = strpbrk(*s, WHITESPACE QUOTE "=");
258 memmove(*s, *s + 1, strlen(*s)); /* move nul too */
259 /* Find matching quote */
260 if ((*s = strpbrk(*s, QUOTE)) == NULL) {
261 return (NULL); /* no matching quote */
264 *s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
269 /* Allow only one '=' to be skipped */
274 /* Skip any extra whitespace after first token */
275 *s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
276 if (*s[0] == '=' && !wspace)
277 *s += strspn(*s + 1, WHITESPACE) + 1;
283 pwcopy(struct passwd *pw)
285 struct passwd *copy = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*copy));
287 copy->pw_name = xstrdup(pw->pw_name);
288 copy->pw_passwd = xstrdup(pw->pw_passwd);
289 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PASSWD_PW_GECOS
290 copy->pw_gecos = xstrdup(pw->pw_gecos);
292 copy->pw_uid = pw->pw_uid;
293 copy->pw_gid = pw->pw_gid;
294 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PASSWD_PW_EXPIRE
295 copy->pw_expire = pw->pw_expire;
297 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PASSWD_PW_CHANGE
298 copy->pw_change = pw->pw_change;
300 #ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_PASSWD_PW_CLASS
301 copy->pw_class = xstrdup(pw->pw_class);
303 copy->pw_dir = xstrdup(pw->pw_dir);
304 copy->pw_shell = xstrdup(pw->pw_shell);
309 * Convert ASCII string to TCP/IP port number.
310 * Port must be >=0 and <=65535.
311 * Return -1 if invalid.
314 a2port(const char *s)
319 port = strtonum(s, 0, 65535, &errstr);
326 a2tun(const char *s, int *remote)
328 const char *errstr = NULL;
332 if (remote != NULL) {
333 *remote = SSH_TUNID_ANY;
335 if ((ep = strchr(sp, ':')) == NULL) {
337 return (a2tun(s, NULL));
340 *remote = a2tun(ep, NULL);
341 tun = a2tun(sp, NULL);
343 return (*remote == SSH_TUNID_ERR ? *remote : tun);
346 if (strcasecmp(s, "any") == 0)
347 return (SSH_TUNID_ANY);
349 tun = strtonum(s, 0, SSH_TUNID_MAX, &errstr);
351 return (SSH_TUNID_ERR);
357 #define MINUTES (SECONDS * 60)
358 #define HOURS (MINUTES * 60)
359 #define DAYS (HOURS * 24)
360 #define WEEKS (DAYS * 7)
363 * Convert a time string into seconds; format is
367 * Valid time qualifiers are:
381 * Return -1 if time string is invalid.
384 convtime(const char *s)
386 long total, secs, multiplier = 1;
394 if (p == NULL || *p == '\0')
398 secs = strtol(p, &endp, 10);
400 (errno == ERANGE && (secs == LONG_MIN || secs == LONG_MAX)) ||
413 multiplier = MINUTES;
430 if (secs >= LONG_MAX / multiplier)
433 if (total >= LONG_MAX - secs)
445 * Returns a standardized host+port identifier string.
446 * Caller must free returned string.
449 put_host_port(const char *host, u_short port)
453 if (port == 0 || port == SSH_DEFAULT_PORT)
454 return(xstrdup(host));
455 if (asprintf(&hoststr, "[%s]:%d", host, (int)port) < 0)
456 fatal("put_host_port: asprintf: %s", strerror(errno));
457 debug3("put_host_port: %s", hoststr);
462 * Search for next delimiter between hostnames/addresses and ports.
463 * Argument may be modified (for termination).
464 * Returns *cp if parsing succeeds.
465 * *cp is set to the start of the next field, if one was found.
466 * The delimiter char, if present, is stored in delim.
467 * If this is the last field, *cp is set to NULL.
470 hpdelim2(char **cp, char *delim)
474 if (cp == NULL || *cp == NULL)
479 if ((s = strchr(s, ']')) == NULL)
483 } else if ((s = strpbrk(s, ":/")) == NULL)
484 s = *cp + strlen(*cp); /* skip to end (see first case below) */
488 *cp = NULL; /* no more fields*/
495 *s = '\0'; /* terminate */
509 return hpdelim2(cp, NULL);
513 cleanhostname(char *host)
515 if (*host == '[' && host[strlen(host) - 1] == ']') {
516 host[strlen(host) - 1] = '\0';
527 if (*cp == ':') /* Leading colon is part of file name. */
533 if (*cp == '@' && *(cp+1) == '[')
535 if (*cp == ']' && *(cp+1) == ':' && flag)
537 if (*cp == ':' && !flag)
546 * Parse a [user@]host:[path] string.
547 * Caller must free returned user, host and path.
548 * Any of the pointer return arguments may be NULL (useful for syntax checking).
549 * If user was not specified then *userp will be set to NULL.
550 * If host was not specified then *hostp will be set to NULL.
551 * If path was not specified then *pathp will be set to ".".
552 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
555 parse_user_host_path(const char *s, char **userp, char **hostp, char **pathp)
557 char *user = NULL, *host = NULL, *path = NULL;
570 /* Check for remote syntax: [user@]host:[path] */
571 if ((tmp = colon(sdup)) == NULL)
574 /* Extract optional path */
580 /* Extract optional user and mandatory host */
581 tmp = strrchr(sdup, '@');
584 host = xstrdup(cleanhostname(tmp));
586 user = xstrdup(sdup);
588 host = xstrdup(cleanhostname(sdup));
615 * Parse a [user@]host[:port] string.
616 * Caller must free returned user and host.
617 * Any of the pointer return arguments may be NULL (useful for syntax checking).
618 * If user was not specified then *userp will be set to NULL.
619 * If port was not specified then *portp will be -1.
620 * Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
623 parse_user_host_port(const char *s, char **userp, char **hostp, int *portp)
625 char *sdup, *cp, *tmp;
626 char *user = NULL, *host = NULL;
627 int port = -1, ret = -1;
636 if ((sdup = tmp = strdup(s)) == NULL)
638 /* Extract optional username */
639 if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '@')) != NULL) {
643 if ((user = strdup(tmp)) == NULL)
647 /* Extract mandatory hostname */
648 if ((cp = hpdelim(&tmp)) == NULL || *cp == '\0')
650 host = xstrdup(cleanhostname(cp));
651 /* Convert and verify optional port */
652 if (tmp != NULL && *tmp != '\0') {
653 if ((port = a2port(tmp)) <= 0)
676 * Converts a two-byte hex string to decimal.
677 * Returns the decimal value or -1 for invalid input.
680 hexchar(const char *s)
682 unsigned char result[2];
685 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
686 if (s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
687 result[i] = (unsigned char)(s[i] - '0');
688 else if (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'f')
689 result[i] = (unsigned char)(s[i] - 'a') + 10;
690 else if (s[i] >= 'A' && s[i] <= 'F')
691 result[i] = (unsigned char)(s[i] - 'A') + 10;
695 return (result[0] << 4) | result[1];
699 * Decode an url-encoded string.
700 * Returns a newly allocated string on success or NULL on failure.
703 urldecode(const char *src)
708 ret = xmalloc(strlen(src) + 1);
709 for (dst = ret; *src != '\0'; src++) {
715 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)src[1]) ||
716 !isxdigit((unsigned char)src[2]) ||
717 (ch = hexchar(src + 1)) == -1) {
735 * Parse an (scp|ssh|sftp)://[user@]host[:port][/path] URI.
736 * See https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-secsh-scp-sftp-ssh-uri-04
737 * Either user or path may be url-encoded (but not host or port).
738 * Caller must free returned user, host and path.
739 * Any of the pointer return arguments may be NULL (useful for syntax checking)
740 * but the scheme must always be specified.
741 * If user was not specified then *userp will be set to NULL.
742 * If port was not specified then *portp will be -1.
743 * If path was not specified then *pathp will be set to NULL.
744 * Returns 0 on success, 1 if non-uri/wrong scheme, -1 on error/invalid uri.
747 parse_uri(const char *scheme, const char *uri, char **userp, char **hostp,
748 int *portp, char **pathp)
750 char *uridup, *cp, *tmp, ch;
751 char *user = NULL, *host = NULL, *path = NULL;
752 int port = -1, ret = -1;
755 len = strlen(scheme);
756 if (strncmp(uri, scheme, len) != 0 || strncmp(uri + len, "://", 3) != 0)
769 uridup = tmp = xstrdup(uri);
771 /* Extract optional ssh-info (username + connection params) */
772 if ((cp = strchr(tmp, '@')) != NULL) {
776 /* Extract username and connection params */
777 if ((delim = strchr(tmp, ';')) != NULL) {
778 /* Just ignore connection params for now */
785 if ((user = urldecode(tmp)) == NULL)
790 /* Extract mandatory hostname */
791 if ((cp = hpdelim2(&tmp, &ch)) == NULL || *cp == '\0')
793 host = xstrdup(cleanhostname(cp));
794 if (!valid_domain(host, 0, NULL))
797 if (tmp != NULL && *tmp != '\0') {
799 /* Convert and verify port. */
800 if ((cp = strchr(tmp, '/')) != NULL)
802 if ((port = a2port(tmp)) <= 0)
804 tmp = cp ? cp + 1 : NULL;
806 if (tmp != NULL && *tmp != '\0') {
807 /* Extract optional path */
808 if ((path = urldecode(tmp)) == NULL)
837 /* function to assist building execv() arguments */
839 addargs(arglist *args, char *fmt, ...)
847 r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
850 fatal("addargs: argument too long");
852 nalloc = args->nalloc;
853 if (args->list == NULL) {
856 } else if (args->num+2 >= nalloc)
859 args->list = xrecallocarray(args->list, args->nalloc, nalloc, sizeof(char *));
860 args->nalloc = nalloc;
861 args->list[args->num++] = cp;
862 args->list[args->num] = NULL;
866 replacearg(arglist *args, u_int which, char *fmt, ...)
873 r = vasprintf(&cp, fmt, ap);
876 fatal("replacearg: argument too long");
878 if (which >= args->num)
879 fatal("replacearg: tried to replace invalid arg %d >= %d",
881 free(args->list[which]);
882 args->list[which] = cp;
886 freeargs(arglist *args)
890 if (args->list != NULL) {
891 for (i = 0; i < args->num; i++)
894 args->nalloc = args->num = 0;
900 * Expands tildes in the file name. Returns data allocated by xmalloc.
901 * Warning: this calls getpw*.
904 tilde_expand_filename(const char *filename, uid_t uid)
906 const char *path, *sep;
907 char user[128], *ret;
911 if (*filename != '~')
912 return (xstrdup(filename));
915 path = strchr(filename, '/');
916 if (path != NULL && path > filename) { /* ~user/path */
917 slash = path - filename;
918 if (slash > sizeof(user) - 1)
919 fatal("tilde_expand_filename: ~username too long");
920 memcpy(user, filename, slash);
922 if ((pw = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
923 fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such user %s", user);
924 } else if ((pw = getpwuid(uid)) == NULL) /* ~/path */
925 fatal("tilde_expand_filename: No such uid %ld", (long)uid);
927 /* Make sure directory has a trailing '/' */
928 len = strlen(pw->pw_dir);
929 if (len == 0 || pw->pw_dir[len - 1] != '/')
934 /* Skip leading '/' from specified path */
938 if (xasprintf(&ret, "%s%s%s", pw->pw_dir, sep, filename) >= PATH_MAX)
939 fatal("tilde_expand_filename: Path too long");
945 * Expand a string with a set of %[char] escapes. A number of escapes may be
946 * specified as (char *escape_chars, char *replacement) pairs. The list must
947 * be terminated by a NULL escape_char. Returns replaced string in memory
948 * allocated by xmalloc.
951 percent_expand(const char *string, ...)
953 #define EXPAND_MAX_KEYS 16
954 u_int num_keys, i, j;
958 } keys[EXPAND_MAX_KEYS];
963 va_start(ap, string);
964 for (num_keys = 0; num_keys < EXPAND_MAX_KEYS; num_keys++) {
965 keys[num_keys].key = va_arg(ap, char *);
966 if (keys[num_keys].key == NULL)
968 keys[num_keys].repl = va_arg(ap, char *);
969 if (keys[num_keys].repl == NULL)
970 fatal("%s: NULL replacement", __func__);
972 if (num_keys == EXPAND_MAX_KEYS && va_arg(ap, char *) != NULL)
973 fatal("%s: too many keys", __func__);
978 for (i = 0; *string != '\0'; string++) {
979 if (*string != '%') {
982 if (i >= sizeof(buf))
983 fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
992 fatal("%s: invalid format", __func__);
993 for (j = 0; j < num_keys; j++) {
994 if (strchr(keys[j].key, *string) != NULL) {
995 i = strlcat(buf, keys[j].repl, sizeof(buf));
996 if (i >= sizeof(buf))
997 fatal("%s: string too long", __func__);
1002 fatal("%s: unknown key %%%c", __func__, *string);
1004 return (xstrdup(buf));
1005 #undef EXPAND_MAX_KEYS
1009 * Read an entire line from a public key file into a static buffer, discarding
1010 * lines that exceed the buffer size. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure.
1013 read_keyfile_line(FILE *f, const char *filename, char *buf, size_t bufsz,
1016 while (fgets(buf, bufsz, f) != NULL) {
1020 if (buf[strlen(buf) - 1] == '\n' || feof(f)) {
1023 debug("%s: %s line %lu exceeds size limit", __func__,
1025 /* discard remainder of line */
1026 while (fgetc(f) != '\n' && !feof(f))
1034 tun_open(int tun, int mode, char **ifname)
1036 #if defined(CUSTOM_SYS_TUN_OPEN)
1037 return (sys_tun_open(tun, mode, ifname));
1038 #elif defined(SSH_TUN_OPENBSD)
1042 const char *tunbase = "tun";
1047 if (mode == SSH_TUNMODE_ETHERNET)
1050 /* Open the tunnel device */
1051 if (tun <= SSH_TUNID_MAX) {
1052 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "/dev/%s%d", tunbase, tun);
1053 fd = open(name, O_RDWR);
1054 } else if (tun == SSH_TUNID_ANY) {
1055 for (tun = 100; tun >= 0; tun--) {
1056 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "/dev/%s%d",
1058 if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR)) >= 0)
1062 debug("%s: invalid tunnel %u", __func__, tun);
1067 debug("%s: %s open: %s", __func__, name, strerror(errno));
1071 debug("%s: %s mode %d fd %d", __func__, name, mode, fd);
1073 /* Bring interface up if it is not already */
1074 snprintf(ifr.ifr_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name), "%s%d", tunbase, tun);
1075 if ((sock = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
1078 if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1) {
1079 debug("%s: get interface %s flags: %s", __func__,
1080 ifr.ifr_name, strerror(errno));
1084 if (!(ifr.ifr_flags & IFF_UP)) {
1085 ifr.ifr_flags |= IFF_UP;
1086 if (ioctl(sock, SIOCSIFFLAGS, &ifr) == -1) {
1087 debug("%s: activate interface %s: %s", __func__,
1088 ifr.ifr_name, strerror(errno));
1094 *ifname = xstrdup(ifr.ifr_name);
1106 error("Tunnel interfaces are not supported on this platform");
1112 sanitise_stdfd(void)
1116 if ((nullfd = dupfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
1117 fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't open /dev/null: %s\n",
1121 while (++dupfd <= STDERR_FILENO) {
1122 /* Only populate closed fds. */
1123 if (fcntl(dupfd, F_GETFL) == -1 && errno == EBADF) {
1124 if (dup2(nullfd, dupfd) == -1) {
1125 fprintf(stderr, "dup2: %s\n", strerror(errno));
1130 if (nullfd > STDERR_FILENO)
1135 tohex(const void *vp, size_t l)
1137 const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
1142 return xstrdup("tohex: length > 65536");
1146 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
1147 snprintf(b, sizeof(b), "%02x", p[i]);
1154 get_u64(const void *vp)
1156 const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
1159 v = (u_int64_t)p[0] << 56;
1160 v |= (u_int64_t)p[1] << 48;
1161 v |= (u_int64_t)p[2] << 40;
1162 v |= (u_int64_t)p[3] << 32;
1163 v |= (u_int64_t)p[4] << 24;
1164 v |= (u_int64_t)p[5] << 16;
1165 v |= (u_int64_t)p[6] << 8;
1166 v |= (u_int64_t)p[7];
1172 get_u32(const void *vp)
1174 const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
1177 v = (u_int32_t)p[0] << 24;
1178 v |= (u_int32_t)p[1] << 16;
1179 v |= (u_int32_t)p[2] << 8;
1180 v |= (u_int32_t)p[3];
1186 get_u32_le(const void *vp)
1188 const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
1191 v = (u_int32_t)p[0];
1192 v |= (u_int32_t)p[1] << 8;
1193 v |= (u_int32_t)p[2] << 16;
1194 v |= (u_int32_t)p[3] << 24;
1200 get_u16(const void *vp)
1202 const u_char *p = (const u_char *)vp;
1205 v = (u_int16_t)p[0] << 8;
1206 v |= (u_int16_t)p[1];
1212 put_u64(void *vp, u_int64_t v)
1214 u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
1216 p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 56) & 0xff;
1217 p[1] = (u_char)(v >> 48) & 0xff;
1218 p[2] = (u_char)(v >> 40) & 0xff;
1219 p[3] = (u_char)(v >> 32) & 0xff;
1220 p[4] = (u_char)(v >> 24) & 0xff;
1221 p[5] = (u_char)(v >> 16) & 0xff;
1222 p[6] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
1223 p[7] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
1227 put_u32(void *vp, u_int32_t v)
1229 u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
1231 p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 24) & 0xff;
1232 p[1] = (u_char)(v >> 16) & 0xff;
1233 p[2] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
1234 p[3] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
1238 put_u32_le(void *vp, u_int32_t v)
1240 u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
1242 p[0] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
1243 p[1] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
1244 p[2] = (u_char)(v >> 16) & 0xff;
1245 p[3] = (u_char)(v >> 24) & 0xff;
1249 put_u16(void *vp, u_int16_t v)
1251 u_char *p = (u_char *)vp;
1253 p[0] = (u_char)(v >> 8) & 0xff;
1254 p[1] = (u_char)v & 0xff;
1258 ms_subtract_diff(struct timeval *start, int *ms)
1260 struct timeval diff, finish;
1262 monotime_tv(&finish);
1263 timersub(&finish, start, &diff);
1264 *ms -= (diff.tv_sec * 1000) + (diff.tv_usec / 1000);
1268 ms_to_timeval(struct timeval *tv, int ms)
1272 tv->tv_sec = ms / 1000;
1273 tv->tv_usec = (ms % 1000) * 1000;
1277 monotime_ts(struct timespec *ts)
1280 #if defined(HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME) && (defined(CLOCK_BOOTTIME) || \
1281 defined(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) || defined(CLOCK_REALTIME))
1282 static int gettime_failed = 0;
1284 if (!gettime_failed) {
1285 # ifdef CLOCK_BOOTTIME
1286 if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, ts) == 0)
1288 # endif /* CLOCK_BOOTTIME */
1289 # ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
1290 if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, ts) == 0)
1292 # endif /* CLOCK_MONOTONIC */
1293 # ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
1294 /* Not monotonic, but we're almost out of options here. */
1295 if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, ts) == 0)
1297 # endif /* CLOCK_REALTIME */
1298 debug3("clock_gettime: %s", strerror(errno));
1301 #endif /* HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME && (BOOTTIME || MONOTONIC || REALTIME) */
1302 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1303 ts->tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
1304 ts->tv_nsec = (long)tv.tv_usec * 1000;
1308 monotime_tv(struct timeval *tv)
1313 tv->tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
1314 tv->tv_usec = ts.tv_nsec / 1000;
1327 monotime_double(void)
1332 return ts.tv_sec + ((double)ts.tv_nsec / 1000000000);
1336 bandwidth_limit_init(struct bwlimit *bw, u_int64_t kbps, size_t buflen)
1338 bw->buflen = buflen;
1340 bw->thresh = bw->rate;
1342 timerclear(&bw->bwstart);
1343 timerclear(&bw->bwend);
1346 /* Callback from read/write loop to insert bandwidth-limiting delays */
1348 bandwidth_limit(struct bwlimit *bw, size_t read_len)
1351 struct timespec ts, rm;
1353 if (!timerisset(&bw->bwstart)) {
1354 monotime_tv(&bw->bwstart);
1358 bw->lamt += read_len;
1359 if (bw->lamt < bw->thresh)
1362 monotime_tv(&bw->bwend);
1363 timersub(&bw->bwend, &bw->bwstart, &bw->bwend);
1364 if (!timerisset(&bw->bwend))
1368 waitlen = (double)1000000L * bw->lamt / bw->rate;
1370 bw->bwstart.tv_sec = waitlen / 1000000L;
1371 bw->bwstart.tv_usec = waitlen % 1000000L;
1373 if (timercmp(&bw->bwstart, &bw->bwend, >)) {
1374 timersub(&bw->bwstart, &bw->bwend, &bw->bwend);
1376 /* Adjust the wait time */
1377 if (bw->bwend.tv_sec) {
1379 if (bw->thresh < bw->buflen / 4)
1380 bw->thresh = bw->buflen / 4;
1381 } else if (bw->bwend.tv_usec < 10000) {
1383 if (bw->thresh > bw->buflen * 8)
1384 bw->thresh = bw->buflen * 8;
1387 TIMEVAL_TO_TIMESPEC(&bw->bwend, &ts);
1388 while (nanosleep(&ts, &rm) == -1) {
1396 monotime_tv(&bw->bwstart);
1399 /* Make a template filename for mk[sd]temp() */
1401 mktemp_proto(char *s, size_t len)
1406 if ((tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) != NULL) {
1407 r = snprintf(s, len, "%s/ssh-XXXXXXXXXXXX", tmpdir);
1408 if (r > 0 && (size_t)r < len)
1411 r = snprintf(s, len, "/tmp/ssh-XXXXXXXXXXXX");
1412 if (r < 0 || (size_t)r >= len)
1413 fatal("%s: template string too short", __func__);
1416 static const struct {
1420 { "none", INT_MAX }, /* can't use 0 here; that's CS0 */
1421 { "af11", IPTOS_DSCP_AF11 },
1422 { "af12", IPTOS_DSCP_AF12 },
1423 { "af13", IPTOS_DSCP_AF13 },
1424 { "af21", IPTOS_DSCP_AF21 },
1425 { "af22", IPTOS_DSCP_AF22 },
1426 { "af23", IPTOS_DSCP_AF23 },
1427 { "af31", IPTOS_DSCP_AF31 },
1428 { "af32", IPTOS_DSCP_AF32 },
1429 { "af33", IPTOS_DSCP_AF33 },
1430 { "af41", IPTOS_DSCP_AF41 },
1431 { "af42", IPTOS_DSCP_AF42 },
1432 { "af43", IPTOS_DSCP_AF43 },
1433 { "cs0", IPTOS_DSCP_CS0 },
1434 { "cs1", IPTOS_DSCP_CS1 },
1435 { "cs2", IPTOS_DSCP_CS2 },
1436 { "cs3", IPTOS_DSCP_CS3 },
1437 { "cs4", IPTOS_DSCP_CS4 },
1438 { "cs5", IPTOS_DSCP_CS5 },
1439 { "cs6", IPTOS_DSCP_CS6 },
1440 { "cs7", IPTOS_DSCP_CS7 },
1441 { "ef", IPTOS_DSCP_EF },
1442 { "lowdelay", IPTOS_LOWDELAY },
1443 { "throughput", IPTOS_THROUGHPUT },
1444 { "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY },
1449 parse_ipqos(const char *cp)
1457 for (i = 0; ipqos[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1458 if (strcasecmp(cp, ipqos[i].name) == 0)
1459 return ipqos[i].value;
1461 /* Try parsing as an integer */
1462 val = strtol(cp, &ep, 0);
1463 if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0' || val < 0 || val > 255)
1469 iptos2str(int iptos)
1472 static char iptos_str[sizeof "0xff"];
1474 for (i = 0; ipqos[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1475 if (ipqos[i].value == iptos)
1476 return ipqos[i].name;
1478 snprintf(iptos_str, sizeof iptos_str, "0x%02x", iptos);
1486 *s = tolower((u_char)*s);
1490 unix_listener(const char *path, int backlog, int unlink_first)
1492 struct sockaddr_un sunaddr;
1493 int saved_errno, sock;
1495 memset(&sunaddr, 0, sizeof(sunaddr));
1496 sunaddr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
1497 if (strlcpy(sunaddr.sun_path, path,
1498 sizeof(sunaddr.sun_path)) >= sizeof(sunaddr.sun_path)) {
1499 error("%s: path \"%s\" too long for Unix domain socket",
1501 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
1505 sock = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
1507 saved_errno = errno;
1508 error("%s: socket: %.100s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1509 errno = saved_errno;
1512 if (unlink_first == 1) {
1513 if (unlink(path) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
1514 error("unlink(%s): %.100s", path, strerror(errno));
1516 if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&sunaddr, sizeof(sunaddr)) < 0) {
1517 saved_errno = errno;
1518 error("%s: cannot bind to path %s: %s",
1519 __func__, path, strerror(errno));
1521 errno = saved_errno;
1524 if (listen(sock, backlog) < 0) {
1525 saved_errno = errno;
1526 error("%s: cannot listen on path %s: %s",
1527 __func__, path, strerror(errno));
1530 errno = saved_errno;
1537 sock_set_v6only(int s)
1539 #if defined(IPV6_V6ONLY) && !defined(__OpenBSD__)
1542 debug3("%s: set socket %d IPV6_V6ONLY", __func__, s);
1543 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &on, sizeof(on)) == -1)
1544 error("setsockopt IPV6_V6ONLY: %s", strerror(errno));
1549 * Compares two strings that maybe be NULL. Returns non-zero if strings
1550 * are both NULL or are identical, returns zero otherwise.
1553 strcmp_maybe_null(const char *a, const char *b)
1555 if ((a == NULL && b != NULL) || (a != NULL && b == NULL))
1557 if (a != NULL && strcmp(a, b) != 0)
1563 * Compare two forwards, returning non-zero if they are identical or
1567 forward_equals(const struct Forward *a, const struct Forward *b)
1569 if (strcmp_maybe_null(a->listen_host, b->listen_host) == 0)
1571 if (a->listen_port != b->listen_port)
1573 if (strcmp_maybe_null(a->listen_path, b->listen_path) == 0)
1575 if (strcmp_maybe_null(a->connect_host, b->connect_host) == 0)
1577 if (a->connect_port != b->connect_port)
1579 if (strcmp_maybe_null(a->connect_path, b->connect_path) == 0)
1581 /* allocated_port and handle are not checked */
1585 /* returns 1 if bind to specified port by specified user is permitted */
1587 bind_permitted(int port, uid_t uid)
1589 if (port < IPPORT_RESERVED && uid != 0)
1594 /* returns 1 if process is already daemonized, 0 otherwise */
1600 if ((fd = open(_PATH_TTY, O_RDONLY | O_NOCTTY)) >= 0) {
1602 return 0; /* have controlling terminal */
1605 return 0; /* parent is not init */
1606 if (getsid(0) != getpid())
1607 return 0; /* not session leader */
1608 debug3("already daemonized");
1614 * Splits 's' into an argument vector. Handles quoted string and basic
1615 * escape characters (\\, \", \'). Caller must free the argument vector
1619 argv_split(const char *s, int *argcp, char ***argvp)
1621 int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1622 int argc = 0, quote, i, j;
1623 char *arg, **argv = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*argv));
1628 for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
1629 /* Skip leading whitespace */
1630 if (s[i] == ' ' || s[i] == '\t')
1633 /* Start of a token */
1636 (s[i + 1] == '\'' || s[i + 1] == '\"' || s[i + 1] == '\\'))
1638 else if (s[i] == '\'' || s[i] == '"')
1641 argv = xreallocarray(argv, (argc + 2), sizeof(*argv));
1642 arg = argv[argc++] = xcalloc(1, strlen(s + i) + 1);
1645 /* Copy the token in, removing escapes */
1646 for (j = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
1648 if (s[i + 1] == '\'' ||
1654 /* Unrecognised escape */
1657 } else if (quote == 0 && (s[i] == ' ' || s[i] == '\t'))
1659 else if (quote != 0 && s[i] == quote)
1666 /* Ran out of string looking for close quote */
1667 r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1680 if (argc != 0 && argv != NULL) {
1681 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
1689 * Reassemble an argument vector into a string, quoting and escaping as
1690 * necessary. Caller must free returned string.
1693 argv_assemble(int argc, char **argv)
1697 struct sshbuf *buf, *arg;
1699 if ((buf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (arg = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1700 fatal("%s: sshbuf_new failed", __func__);
1702 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1705 for (j = 0; argv[i][j] != '\0'; j++) {
1712 r = sshbuf_put_u8(arg, c);
1717 if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(arg, '\\')) != 0)
1721 r = sshbuf_put_u8(arg, c);
1725 fatal("%s: sshbuf_put_u8: %s",
1726 __func__, ssh_err(r));
1728 if ((i != 0 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(buf, ' ')) != 0) ||
1729 (ws != 0 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(buf, '"')) != 0) ||
1730 (r = sshbuf_putb(buf, arg)) != 0 ||
1731 (ws != 0 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(buf, '"')) != 0))
1732 fatal("%s: buffer error: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
1734 if ((ret = malloc(sshbuf_len(buf) + 1)) == NULL)
1735 fatal("%s: malloc failed", __func__);
1736 memcpy(ret, sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf));
1737 ret[sshbuf_len(buf)] = '\0';
1743 /* Returns 0 if pid exited cleanly, non-zero otherwise */
1745 exited_cleanly(pid_t pid, const char *tag, const char *cmd, int quiet)
1749 while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
1750 if (errno != EINTR) {
1751 error("%s: waitpid: %s", tag, strerror(errno));
1755 if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
1756 error("%s %s exited on signal %d", tag, cmd, WTERMSIG(status));
1758 } else if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
1759 do_log2(quiet ? SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 : SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO,
1760 "%s %s failed, status %d", tag, cmd, WEXITSTATUS(status));
1767 * Check a given path for security. This is defined as all components
1768 * of the path to the file must be owned by either the owner of
1769 * of the file or root and no directories must be group or world writable.
1771 * XXX Should any specific check be done for sym links ?
1773 * Takes a file name, its stat information (preferably from fstat() to
1774 * avoid races), the uid of the expected owner, their home directory and an
1775 * error buffer plus max size as arguments.
1777 * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
1780 safe_path(const char *name, struct stat *stp, const char *pw_dir,
1781 uid_t uid, char *err, size_t errlen)
1783 char buf[PATH_MAX], homedir[PATH_MAX];
1785 int comparehome = 0;
1788 if (realpath(name, buf) == NULL) {
1789 snprintf(err, errlen, "realpath %s failed: %s", name,
1793 if (pw_dir != NULL && realpath(pw_dir, homedir) != NULL)
1796 if (!S_ISREG(stp->st_mode)) {
1797 snprintf(err, errlen, "%s is not a regular file", buf);
1800 if ((!platform_sys_dir_uid(stp->st_uid) && stp->st_uid != uid) ||
1801 (stp->st_mode & 022) != 0) {
1802 snprintf(err, errlen, "bad ownership or modes for file %s",
1807 /* for each component of the canonical path, walking upwards */
1809 if ((cp = dirname(buf)) == NULL) {
1810 snprintf(err, errlen, "dirname() failed");
1813 strlcpy(buf, cp, sizeof(buf));
1815 if (stat(buf, &st) < 0 ||
1816 (!platform_sys_dir_uid(st.st_uid) && st.st_uid != uid) ||
1817 (st.st_mode & 022) != 0) {
1818 snprintf(err, errlen,
1819 "bad ownership or modes for directory %s", buf);
1823 /* If are past the homedir then we can stop */
1824 if (comparehome && strcmp(homedir, buf) == 0)
1828 * dirname should always complete with a "/" path,
1829 * but we can be paranoid and check for "." too
1831 if ((strcmp("/", buf) == 0) || (strcmp(".", buf) == 0))
1838 * Version of safe_path() that accepts an open file descriptor to
1841 * Returns 0 on success and -1 on failure
1844 safe_path_fd(int fd, const char *file, struct passwd *pw,
1845 char *err, size_t errlen)
1849 /* check the open file to avoid races */
1850 if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
1851 snprintf(err, errlen, "cannot stat file %s: %s",
1852 file, strerror(errno));
1855 return safe_path(file, &st, pw->pw_dir, pw->pw_uid, err, errlen);
1859 * Sets the value of the given variable in the environment. If the variable
1860 * already exists, its value is overridden.
1863 child_set_env(char ***envp, u_int *envsizep, const char *name,
1870 if (strchr(name, '=') != NULL) {
1871 error("Invalid environment variable \"%.100s\"", name);
1876 * If we're passed an uninitialized list, allocate a single null
1877 * entry before continuing.
1879 if (*envp == NULL && *envsizep == 0) {
1880 *envp = xmalloc(sizeof(char *));
1886 * Find the slot where the value should be stored. If the variable
1887 * already exists, we reuse the slot; otherwise we append a new slot
1888 * at the end of the array, expanding if necessary.
1891 namelen = strlen(name);
1892 for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1893 if (strncmp(env[i], name, namelen) == 0 && env[i][namelen] == '=')
1896 /* Reuse the slot. */
1899 /* New variable. Expand if necessary. */
1900 envsize = *envsizep;
1901 if (i >= envsize - 1) {
1902 if (envsize >= 1000)
1903 fatal("child_set_env: too many env vars");
1905 env = (*envp) = xreallocarray(env, envsize, sizeof(char *));
1906 *envsizep = envsize;
1908 /* Need to set the NULL pointer at end of array beyond the new slot. */
1912 /* Allocate space and format the variable in the appropriate slot. */
1914 env[i] = xmalloc(strlen(name) + 1 + strlen(value) + 1);
1915 snprintf(env[i], strlen(name) + 1 + strlen(value) + 1, "%s=%s", name, value);
1919 * Check and optionally lowercase a domain name, also removes trailing '.'
1920 * Returns 1 on success and 0 on failure, storing an error message in errstr.
1923 valid_domain(char *name, int makelower, const char **errstr)
1925 size_t i, l = strlen(name);
1926 u_char c, last = '\0';
1927 static char errbuf[256];
1930 strlcpy(errbuf, "empty domain name", sizeof(errbuf));
1933 if (!isalpha((u_char)name[0]) && !isdigit((u_char)name[0])) {
1934 snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "domain name \"%.100s\" "
1935 "starts with invalid character", name);
1938 for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
1939 c = tolower((u_char)name[i]);
1942 if (last == '.' && c == '.') {
1943 snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "domain name "
1944 "\"%.100s\" contains consecutive separators", name);
1947 if (c != '.' && c != '-' && !isalnum(c) &&
1948 c != '_') /* technically invalid, but common */ {
1949 snprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), "domain name "
1950 "\"%.100s\" contains invalid characters", name);
1955 if (name[l - 1] == '.')
1967 atoi_err(const char *nptr, int *val)
1969 const char *errstr = NULL;
1972 if (nptr == NULL || *nptr == '\0')
1974 num = strtonum(nptr, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
1981 parse_absolute_time(const char *s, uint64_t *tp)
1990 * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there
1991 * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between
1992 * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way.
1994 switch (strlen(s)) {
1995 case 8: /* YYYYMMDD */
1997 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6);
1999 case 12: /* YYYYMMDDHHMM */
2000 fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M";
2001 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s",
2002 s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10);
2004 case 14: /* YYYYMMDDHHMMSS */
2005 fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S";
2006 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s",
2007 s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12);
2010 return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2013 memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));
2014 if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
2015 return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2016 if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
2017 return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2024 format_absolute_time(uint64_t t, char *buf, size_t len)
2026 time_t tt = t > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : t; /* XXX revisit in 2038 :P */
2029 localtime_r(&tt, &tm);
2030 strftime(buf, len, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", &tm);