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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285253">The &man.quota.1; utility has been
404 updated to include support for <acronym>IPv6</acronym>.</para>
406 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
407 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
408 a user is connected.</para>
411 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
412 <title>Contributed Software</title>
414 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
415 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
416 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
418 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
419 version 20140101.</para>
421 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
422 version 3.5.0.</para>
424 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
425 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
427 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
428 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
430 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
431 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
433 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
434 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
437 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
438 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
439 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
442 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
443 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
444 upstream revision r3136.</para>
446 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
447 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
448 the base system. The <filename
449 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
450 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
453 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
454 object manipulation tools
455 <application>addr2line</application>,
456 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
457 <application>nm</application>,
458 <application>readelf</application>,
459 <application>size</application>, and
460 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
461 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
463 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
464 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
465 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
468 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
469 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
471 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
472 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
473 updated to version 3179.</para>
475 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
476 to version 5.2.1.</para>
478 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
479 to version 2.1.3.</para>
481 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
482 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
485 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
486 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
488 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
489 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
492 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
493 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
495 <para revision="283092">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
496 updated to version 20150515.</para>
498 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
499 updated to version 5.23.</para>
501 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
502 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
504 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
505 version 2015e.</para>
507 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
508 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
509 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
510 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
511 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
512 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
513 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
514 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
515 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
516 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
517 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
518 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
519 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
520 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
521 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
523 <para revision="285275">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
524 updated to version 4.7.4.</para>
526 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
527 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
529 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
530 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
531 canonicalization before locating the host in
532 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
535 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
536 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
538 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
539 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
540 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
542 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
543 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
544 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
545 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
546 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
547 contents of directories within <filename
548 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
549 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
550 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
552 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
553 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
554 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
555 in a virtual machine, determined when the
556 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
557 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
559 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
560 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
561 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
563 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
564 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
565 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
566 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
568 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
569 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
570 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
571 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
572 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
573 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
576 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
577 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
578 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
579 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
582 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
583 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
586 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
587 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
588 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
589 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
590 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
592 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
593 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
594 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
597 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
598 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
599 equivalent script is available from the <filename
600 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
602 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
603 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
604 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
605 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
609 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
610 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
613 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
614 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
615 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
616 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
618 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
619 &man.periodic.8; script,
620 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
621 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
622 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
623 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
624 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
627 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
628 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
630 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
631 format has been changed to
632 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
634 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
635 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
636 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
637 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
639 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
640 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
641 features <literal>%U</literal> and
642 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
644 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
645 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
646 changed to always return the path name of the
647 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
648 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
650 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
651 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
652 imported to the base system.</para>
654 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
655 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
656 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
657 applications to work over compatible
658 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
660 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
661 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
664 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
665 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
666 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
667 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
669 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
670 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
671 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
673 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
674 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
675 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
676 userland applications and libraries without also linking
677 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
679 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
680 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
683 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
684 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
685 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
688 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
689 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
690 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
691 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
692 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
694 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
695 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
697 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
698 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
699 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
700 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
702 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
704 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
705 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
706 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
707 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
709 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
710 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
711 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
713 <para revision="285277">The &man.execl.3; and &man.execlp.3;
714 library functions have been updated to use the
715 <literal>__sentinel</literal> <application>gcc</application>
719 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
720 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
722 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
723 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
724 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
725 evaluated when building the <filename
726 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
731 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
732 <title>Kernel</title>
734 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
735 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
738 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
739 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
741 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
742 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
743 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
744 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
746 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
747 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
748 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
749 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
750 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
752 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
753 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
756 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
757 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
760 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
761 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
762 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
764 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
765 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
766 several enhancements:</para>
770 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
771 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
775 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
776 accounting for completed requests.</para>
780 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
784 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
785 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
786 Book-E ™.</para>
789 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
790 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
792 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
793 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
794 which enables application execution through emulators, such
795 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
797 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
798 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
799 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
800 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
801 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
802 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
803 reboot the system.</para>
805 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
806 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
807 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
808 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
810 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
811 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
812 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
813 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
817 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
818 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
822 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
823 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
826 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
827 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
828 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
829 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
831 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
832 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
833 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
834 has been added.</para>
836 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
837 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
838 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
841 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
842 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
845 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
846 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
847 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
848 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
849 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
850 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
851 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
852 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
853 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
854 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
855 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
856 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
857 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
858 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
859 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
860 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
862 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
863 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
864 statically into the kernel.</para>
866 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
867 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
868 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
869 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
870 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
871 load address by running <literal>go
872 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
873 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
875 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
876 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
877 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
878 configuration by default.</para>
880 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
881 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
882 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
883 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
886 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
887 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
890 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
891 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
892 configuration has been updated to include the
893 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
896 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
897 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
899 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
900 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
901 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
902 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
904 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
905 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
906 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
908 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
909 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
910 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
911 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
912 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
913 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
914 timestamps for these operations.</para>
916 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
917 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
918 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
919 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
920 A new kernel configuration option,
921 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
923 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
924 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
925 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
929 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
930 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
931 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
932 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
933 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
936 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
937 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
938 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
939 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
940 runtime will flush all
941 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
945 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
946 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
948 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
949 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
951 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
952 <title>Device Drivers</title>
954 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
957 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
958 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
959 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
960 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
961 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
962 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
963 has been added.</para>
965 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
966 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
967 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
970 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
971 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
972 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
973 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
975 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
977 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
978 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
981 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
982 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
984 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
985 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
986 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
987 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
989 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
990 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
994 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
995 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
997 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
998 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
999 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
1000 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
1002 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
1003 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
1004 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
1005 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
1006 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
1007 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
1008 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
1009 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1012 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1013 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1014 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1015 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1018 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1019 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1020 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1021 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1022 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1024 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1025 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1027 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1028 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1031 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1032 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1034 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1035 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1038 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1039 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1041 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1042 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1045 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1046 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1047 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1048 the default driver for this hardware since
1049 &os; 7.0.</para>
1051 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1052 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1053 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1054 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1057 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1058 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1062 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1063 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1064 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1066 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1067 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1069 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1070 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1071 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1073 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1074 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1076 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1077 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1078 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1079 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1081 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1082 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1083 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1084 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1085 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1087 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1088 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1089 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1092 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1093 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1095 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1096 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1097 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1100 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1101 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1102 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1104 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1105 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1109 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1110 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1112 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1113 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1114 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1115 other sections of this document.</para>
1117 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1118 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1120 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1121 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1123 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1124 as of &os; 11.</para>
1126 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1127 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1128 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1129 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1130 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1132 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1133 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1134 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1135 PowerBook ®.</para>
1137 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1138 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1139 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1141 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1142 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1143 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1144 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1145 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1146 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1148 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1149 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1152 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1153 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1154 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1156 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1157 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1159 <para revision="285316" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1160 arch="arm64">Initial <acronym>SMP</acronym> support has been
1161 added to the &os;/&arch.arm64; port.</para>
1164 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1165 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1167 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1168 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1169 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1170 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1171 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1172 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1173 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1175 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1176 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1177 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1178 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1179 persist this setting across reboots, add
1180 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1181 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1183 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1184 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1186 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1187 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1189 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1190 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1192 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1195 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1196 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1197 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1198 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1199 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1200 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1201 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1202 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1204 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1205 updated to support &amd; processors with
1206 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1209 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1210 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1211 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1213 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1214 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1215 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1217 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1218 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1219 has been added.</para>
1221 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1222 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1223 enhancements:</para>
1227 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1232 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1233 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1237 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1242 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1243 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1245 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1246 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1247 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1250 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1251 <title>ARM Support</title>
1253 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1254 ARM devices by default.</para>
1256 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1257 Octa system has been added.</para>
1259 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1260 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1263 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1264 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1266 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1267 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1268 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1270 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1271 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1272 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1273 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1275 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1276 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1277 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1280 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1281 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1282 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1283 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1284 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1286 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1287 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1290 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1291 userland has been added.</para>
1293 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1294 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1296 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1297 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1298 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1299 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1303 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1304 <title>Storage</title>
1306 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1307 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1309 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1310 <title>General Storage</title>
1312 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1313 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1314 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1315 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1317 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1318 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1319 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1321 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1322 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1323 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1324 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1325 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1328 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1329 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1330 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1331 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1332 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1335 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1336 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1338 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1339 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1340 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1341 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1342 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1343 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1344 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1345 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1348 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1349 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1350 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1351 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1354 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1357 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1358 statistics are now visible through the
1359 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1360 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1361 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1362 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1363 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1366 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1367 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1369 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1370 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1371 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1373 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1374 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1375 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1376 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1380 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1381 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1383 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1384 boot-related changes.</para>
1386 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1387 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1389 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1390 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1391 has been disabled by default.</para>
1393 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1394 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1395 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1398 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1399 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1400 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1401 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1402 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1403 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1404 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1406 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1407 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1409 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1410 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1411 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1412 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1413 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1415 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1416 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1417 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1418 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1419 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1422 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1423 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1429 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1430 <title>Networking</title>
1432 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1435 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1436 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1438 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1439 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1440 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1442 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1443 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1444 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1445 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1446 control tunables have been added:</para>
1448 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1450 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1451 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1454 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1455 <entry>Description</entry>
1461 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1462 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1463 blackhole detection</entry>
1467 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1468 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1472 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1473 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1479 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1481 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1483 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1484 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1487 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1488 <entry>Description</entry>
1494 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1495 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1496 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1500 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1501 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1502 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1507 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1508 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1509 connect after downshifting the
1510 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1516 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1517 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1518 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1519 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1520 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1521 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1525 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1526 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1528 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1529 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1530 installation tools.</para>
1532 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1533 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1538 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1539 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1545 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1546 <title>Documentation</title>
1548 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1549 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1551 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1552 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1557 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1558 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1564 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1565 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1567 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1568 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1570 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1571 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1573 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1574 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1575 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1576 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1578 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1579 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1580 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1583 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1584 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1585 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1586 memory stick installation images.</para>
1588 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1589 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1590 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1591 supported boards where a corresponding
1592 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1595 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1596 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1597 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1598 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>