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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
8 <!ENTITY % vendor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Vendor Specification//EN" "vendor.ent">
10 <!ENTITY security SYSTEM "../../share/xml/security.xml">
11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 284814 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
162 <para revision="266463">The default &man.newsyslog.conf.5; now
163 includes files in the
164 <filename>/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename> and
165 <filename>/usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/</filename>
166 directories by default for &man.newsyslog.8;.</para>
168 <para revision="270675">The &man.mailwrapper.8; utility has been
169 updated to use &man.mailer.conf.5; from the
170 <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> environment variable, which
171 defaults to <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>
174 <para revision="272350">The <literal>MK_ARM_EABI</literal>
175 &man.src.conf.5; option has been removed.</para>
177 <para revision="285169">The <application>ntp</application> suite
178 has been updated to version 4.2.8p3.</para>
181 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
182 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
184 <para revision="258838" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;,
185 &google;" sponsorurl="">The &man.casperd.8; daemon has been
186 added, which provides access to functionality that is not
187 available in the <quote>capability mode</quote>
190 <para revision="260594">When unable to load a kernel module with
191 &man.kldload.8;, a message informing to view output of
192 &man.dmesg.8; is now printed, opposed to the previous output
193 <quote>Exec format error.</quote>.</para>
195 <para revision="260910">Allow &man.pciconf.8; to identify PCI
196 devices that are attached to a driver to be identified by
197 their device name instead of just the selector. Additionally,
198 an optional device argument to the <literal>-l</literal> flag
199 to restrict the output to only listing details about a single
202 <para revision="260913">A new flag, <quote>onifconsole</quote>
203 has been added to <filename>/etc/ttys</filename>. This allows
204 the system to provide a login prompt via serial console if the
205 device is an active kernel console, otherwise it is equivalent
206 to <literal>off</literal>.</para>
208 <para revision="260926">Support for displaying VPD for PCI
209 devices via &man.pciconf.8; has been added.</para>
211 <para revision="261498">&man.ping.8; protects against malicious
212 network packets using the Capsicum framework to drop
215 <para revision="265229">The &man.ps.1; utility has been
216 updated to include the <literal>-J</literal> flag, used to
217 filter output by matching &man.jail.8; IDs and names.
218 Additionally, argument <literal>0</literal> can be used to
219 <literal>-J</literal> to only list processes running on the
222 <para revision="265249">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
223 to filter by &man.jail.8; ID or name, in followup to the
224 &man.ps.1; change in <literal>r265229</literal>.</para>
226 <para revision="266209">The &man.pmcstat.8; utility has been
227 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
228 ends event collection after the specified number of
231 <para revision="270745">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
232 to include a new keyword, <quote>tracer</quote>, which
233 displays the <acronym>PID</acronym> of the tracing
236 <para revision="271482">Support for adding empty partitions has
237 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility.</para>
239 <para revision="272166">The &man.primes.6; utility has been
240 updated to correctly enumerate prime numbers between
241 <literal>4295098369</literal> and
242 <literal>3825123056546413050</literal>, which prior to this
243 change, it would be possible for returned values to be
244 incorrectly identified as prime numbers.</para>
246 <para revision="272198">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
247 updated to include three options used to print information
248 about &man.mkimg.1; itself:</para>
250 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
252 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
253 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
256 <entry>Option</entry>
257 <entry>Output</entry>
263 <entry><literal>--version</literal></entry>
264 <entry>The current version of the &man.mkimg.1;
269 <entry><literal>--formats</literal></entry>
270 <entry>The disk image file formats supported by
271 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
275 <entry><literal>--schemes</literal></entry>
276 <entry>The partition schemes supported by
277 &man.mkimg.1;</entry>
283 <para revision="272488">Userland &man.ctf.5; support in
284 &man.dtrace.1; has been added. With this change,
285 &man.dtrace.1; is able to resolve type info for function and
286 <acronym>USDT</acronym> probe arguments, and function return
289 <para revision="274960">The &man.elfdump.1; utility has been
290 updated to support capability mode provided by
291 &man.capsicum.4;.</para>
293 <para revision="275680" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
294 &man.fstyp.8; utility has been added, which is used to
295 determine the filesystem on a specified device.</para>
297 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
298 has been updated to support <acronym>UTF</acronym>-8, which
299 additionally provides unicode support to &man.sh.1;.</para>
301 <para revision="276893" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
302 &man.mkimg.1; utility has been updated to support the
303 <acronym>MBR</acronym> <acronym>EFI</acronym> partition
306 <para revision="277166" arch="powerpc">The &man.ptrace.2; system
307 call has been updated include support for Altivec registers on
308 &os;/&arch.powerpc;.</para>
310 <para revision="278320">A new device control utility,
311 &man.devctl.8; has been added, which allows making
312 administrative changes to individual devices, such as
313 attaching and detaching drivers, and enabling and disabling
314 devices. The &man.devctl.8; utility uses the new
315 &man.devctl.3; library.</para>
317 <para revision="279122" contrib="sponsor"
318 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.netstat.1; utility has been
319 updated to link against the &man.libxo.3; shared
322 <para revision="279139">A new flag, <literal>-c</literal>, has
323 been added to the &man.mkimg.1; utility, which allows
324 specifying the capacity of the target disk image.</para>
326 <para revision="279315" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
327 &man.uefisign.8; utility has been added.</para>
329 <para revision="279571" contrib="sponsor"
330 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility has
331 been updated to prevent fetching updated binary patches when
332 a previous upgrade has not been thoroughly completed.</para>
334 <para revision="280870">A regression in the &man.libarchive.3;
335 library that would prevent a directory from being included in
336 the archive when <literal>--one-file-system</literal> is used
337 has been fixed.</para>
339 <para revision="281311" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
340 &man.ar.1; utility has been updated to set
341 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS</literal> and
342 <literal>ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT</literal> to disallow
343 directory traversal when extracting an archive, similar to
346 <para revision="281617">A race condition in &man.wc.1; that
347 would cause final results to be sent to &man.stderr.4; when
348 receiving the <literal>SIGINFO</literal> signal has been
351 <para revision="282208" contrib="sponsor"
352 sponsor="&multiplay;">The &man.chflags.1;, &man.chgrp.1;,
353 &man.chmod.1;, and &man.chown.8; utilities now affect symbolic
354 links when the <literal>-R</literal> flag is specified, as
355 documented in &man.symlink.7;.</para>
357 <para revision="282608">The &man.date.1; utility has been
358 updated to print the modification time of the file passed as
359 an argument to the <literal>-r</literal> flag, improving
360 compatibility with the <acronym>GNU</acronym> &man.date.1;
361 utility behavior.</para>
363 <para revision="283961">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
364 with a new flag, <literal>-R</literal>, that sets the root
365 directory within which the utility will operate.</para>
367 <para revision="284297" contrib="sponsor"
368 sponsor="&clusterhq;">The &man.lockstat.1; utility has been
369 updated with several improvements:</para>
373 <para>Spin locks are now reported as the amount of time
374 spinning, instead of loop iterations.</para>
378 <para>Reader locks are now recognized as adaptive that can
383 <para>Lock aquisition events for successful reader try-lock
384 events are now reported.</para>
388 <para>Spin and block events are now reported before lock
389 acquisition events.</para>
393 <para revision="284589" contrib="sponsor"
394 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.fstyp.8; utility has been
395 updated to be able to detect &man.zfs.8; and &man.geli.8;
398 <para revision="284883">The &man.mkimg.1; utility has been
399 updated to include support for <literal>NTFS</literal>
400 filesystems in both <acronym>MBR</acronym> and
401 <acronym>GPT</acronym> partitioning schemes.</para>
403 <para revision="285253">The &man.quota.1; utility has been
404 updated to include support for <acronym>IPv6</acronym>.</para>
406 <para revision="285420">The &man.jail.8; utility has been
407 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-l</literal>, which
408 ensures a clean environment in the target jail when used.
409 Additionally, &man.jail.8; will run a shell within the target
410 jail when run no commands are specified.</para>
412 <para revision="285550">The &man.w.1; utility has been updated
413 to display the full IPv6 remote address of the host from which
414 a user is connected.</para>
416 <para revision="285685">The &man.jail.8; framework has been
417 updated to allow mounting &man.linprocfs.5; and
418 &man.linsysfs.5; within a jail.</para>
420 <para revision="285772" contrib="sponsor"
421 sponsor="&emcisilon;">The &man.patch.1; utility has been
422 updated to include a new option to the <literal>-V</literal>
423 flag, <literal>none</literal>, which disables backup file
424 creation when applying a patch.</para>
426 <para revision="286010" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
427 &man.ar.1; utility now enables deterministic mode
428 (<literal>-D</literal>) by default. This behavior can be
429 disabled by specifying the <literal>-U</literal> flag.</para>
431 <para revision="286289" contrib="sponsor"
432 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.xargs.1; utility has been
433 updated to allow specifying <literal>0</literal> as an
434 argument to the <literal>-P</literal> (parallel mode) flag,
435 which allows creating as many concurrent processes as
439 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
440 <title>Contributed Software</title>
442 <para revision="258884" contrib="sponsor"
443 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">&man.lldb.1; has been updated to
444 upstream snapshot version r196259.</para>
446 <para revision="260445">&man.byacc.1; has been updated to
447 version 20140101.</para>
449 <para revision="261071">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
450 version 3.5.0.</para>
452 <para revision="261283"><application>libc++</application> has
453 been updated to version 3.4.</para>
455 <para revision="261320"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
456 been updated to 6.5p1.</para>
458 <para revision="261344"><application>mdocml</application> has
459 been updated to version 1.12.3.</para>
461 <para revision="261991"><application>LLVM</application> and
462 <application>Clang</application> have been updated to
465 <para revision="275718">The <application>binutils</application>
466 suite of utilities has been updated to include upstream
467 patches that add new relocations for &arch.powerpc;
470 <para revision="276398" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
471 <application>ELF Tool Chain</application> has been updated to
472 upstream revision r3136.</para>
474 <para revision="276551">The <application>texinfo</application>
475 utility and <literal>info</literal> pages were removed from
476 the base system. The <filename
477 role="package">print/texinfo</filename> port should be
478 installed on systems where <literal>info</literal> pages are
481 <para revision="276796" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The ELF
482 object manipulation tools
483 <application>addr2line</application>,
484 <application>elfcopy (strip)</application>,
485 <application>nm</application>,
486 <application>readelf</application>,
487 <application>size</application>, and
488 <application>strings</application> were switched to the
489 versions from the ELF Tool Chain project.</para>
491 <para revision="276881">The <literal>libedit</literal> library
492 has been updated to include <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support,
493 adding <acronym>UTF-8</acronym> support to the &man.sh.1;
496 <para revision="278433">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
497 to support multi-threaded compression.</para>
499 <para revision="280932" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
500 <application>elftoolchain</application> utilities have been
501 updated to version 3179.</para>
503 <para revision="281316">The &man.xz.1; utility has been updated
504 to version 5.2.1.</para>
506 <para revision="281373">The &man.nvi.1; utility has been updated
507 to version 2.1.3.</para>
509 <para revision="281806">The &man.wpa.supplicant.8; and
510 &man.hostapd.8; utilities have been updated to version
513 <para revision="282089">The &man.unbound.8; utility has been
514 updated to version 1.5.3.</para>
516 <para revision="282434" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
517 &man.resolvconf.8; utility has been updated to version
520 <para revision="282613">The &man.nc.1; utility has been updated
521 to the OpenBSD 5.7 version.</para>
523 <para revision="284237">The &man.file.1; utility has been
524 updated to version 5.23.</para>
526 <para revision="284254"><application>bmake</application> has
527 been updated to version 20150606.</para>
529 <para revision="284397">Timezone data files have been updated to
530 version 2015e.</para>
532 <para revision="285229"><application>sendmail</application> has
533 been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with &os; 11.0 and
534 sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
535 default, i.e., they will not contain <quote>::</quote>. For
536 example, instead of <quote>::1</quote>, it will be
537 <quote>0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1</quote>. This permits a zero subnet to
538 have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
539 IPv6:0:0 versus IPv6:0. This change requires that
540 configuration data (including maps, files, classes, custom
541 ruleset, etc.) must use the same format, so make certain such
542 configuration data is upgrading. As a very simple check
543 search for patterns like 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.
544 To return to the old behavior, set the m4 option
545 <literal>confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES</literal> or the cf
546 option <literal>UseCompressedIPv6Addresses</literal>.</para>
548 <para revision="285275">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
549 updated to version 4.7.4.</para>
551 <para revision="285329"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
552 been updated to version 1.0.1p.</para>
554 <para revision="285642" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&dell;">The
555 &man.ssh.1; utility has been updated to re-implement hostname
556 canonicalization before locating the host in
557 <filename>known_hosts</filename>.</para>
559 <para revision="285972">The &man.libarchive.3; library has been
560 updated to properly skip a sparse file entry in a &man.tar.1;
561 file, which would previously produce errors.</para>
563 <para revision="287168">The &man.acpi.4; subsystem has been
564 updated to version 20150818.</para>
566 <para revision="286503">The <application>apr</application>
567 library used by &man.svnlite.1; has been updated to version
570 <para revision="286505">The <application>serf</application>
571 library used by &man.svnlite.1; has been updated to version
574 <para revision="286505">The &man.svnlite.1; utility has been
575 updated to version 1.8.14.</para>
577 <para revision="286510">The <application>sqlite3</application>
578 library used by &man.svnlite.1; and &man.kerberos.8; has been
579 updated to version 3.8.11.1.</para>
582 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
583 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
585 <para revision="271539">The &man.bsdinstall.8; partition editor
586 and &man.sade.8; utility have been updated to include native
587 <acronym>ZFS</acronym> support.</para>
589 <para revision="272274">The &os; installation utility,
590 &man.bsdinstall.8;, has been updated to set the
591 <literal>canmount</literal> &man.zfs.8; property to
592 <literal>off</literal> for the <filename
593 class="directory">/var</filename> dataset, preventing the
594 contents of directories within <filename
595 class="directory">/var</filename> from conflicting when
596 using multiple boot environments, such as that provided by
597 <filename role="package">sysutils/beadm</filename>.</para>
599 <para revision="274394">The &man.bsdconfig.8; utility has been
600 updated to skip the initial &man.tzsetup.8;
601 <acronym>UTC</acronym> versus wall-clock time prompt when run
602 in a virtual machine, determined when the
603 <literal>kern.vm_guest</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is set to
604 <literal>1</literal>.</para>
606 <para revision="275874">The &man.bsdinstall.8; utility has been
607 updated to use the new &man.dpv.3; library to display progress
608 when extracting the &os; distributions.</para>
610 <para revision="285557" contrib="sponsor"
611 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
612 aligning partitions on 1Mb boundaries has been added to
613 &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
615 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
616 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for detecting and implementing
617 a workaround for various laptops and motherboards that do not
618 boot properly from <acronym>GPT</acronym>-partitioned disks
619 has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;. Additionally, the
620 <literal>active</literal> flag will be set on the partition
623 <para revision="285679" contrib="sponsor"
624 sponsor="&scaleengine;">Support for selecting the partitioning
625 scheme when installing on the <acronym>UFS</acronym>
626 filesystem has been added to &man.bsdinstall.8;.</para>
629 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
630 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
633 <para revision="270676">The &man.rc.8; subsystem has been
634 updated to allow configuring services in <filename
635 class="directory">${LOCALBASE}/etc/rc.conf.d/</filename>.
636 If <literal>LOCALBASE</literal> is unset, it defaults to
637 <filename class="directory">/usr/local</filename>.</para>
639 <para revision="273955">A new &man.rc.8; script,
640 <filename>growfs</filename>, has been added, which will resize
641 the root filesystem on boot if <filename>/firstboot</filename>
644 <para revision="275299">The <filename>mrouted</filename>
645 &man.rc.8; script has been removed from the base system. An
646 equivalent script is available from the <filename
647 role="package">net/mrouted</filename> port.</para>
649 <para revision="279463" contrib="sponsor"
650 sponsor="&sandvine;">A new &man.rc.8; script,
651 <filename>iovctl</filename>, has been added, which allows
652 automatically starting the &man.iovctl.8; utility at
656 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
657 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
660 <para revision="271321">The daily &man.periodic.8; script
661 <filename>110.clean-tmps</filename> has been updated to avoid
662 crossing filesystem mount boundaries when cleaning files in
663 <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename>.</para>
665 <para revision="277216" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
666 &man.periodic.8; script,
667 <filename>510.status-world-kernel</filename>, has been added,
668 which evaluates the running userland and kernel versions from
669 the &man.uname.1; <literal>-U</literal> and
670 <literal>-K</literal> arguments, and prints an error if the
671 system userland and kernel are not in sync.</para>
674 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
675 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
677 <para revision="265995">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; default
678 format has been changed to
679 <literal>$2b$</literal>.</para>
681 <para revision="268461">The &man.readline.3; library is now
682 statically linked in software within the base system, and the
683 shared library is no longer installed, allowing the Ports
684 Collection to use a modern version of the library.</para>
686 <para revision="272273">The &man.strptime.3; library has been
687 updated to add support for <acronym>POSIX</acronym>-2001
688 features <literal>%U</literal> and
689 <literal>%W</literal>.</para>
691 <para revision="272842,272848" contrib="sponsor"
692 sponsor="&ff;">The &man.dl.iterate.phdr.3; library has been
693 changed to always return the path name of the
694 <acronym>ELF</acronym> object in the
695 <literal>dlpi_name</literal> structure member.</para>
697 <para revision="273562" contrib="sponsor"
698 sponsor="&juniper;">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
699 imported to the base system.</para>
701 <para revision="273806" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&chelsio;">A
702 userland library for Chelsio Terminator 5 based iWARP cards
703 has been added, allowing userland <acronym>RDMA</acronym>
704 applications to work over compatible
705 <acronym>NIC</acronym>s.</para>
707 <para revision="274987">The &man.gpio.3; library has been added,
708 providing a wrapper around the &man.gpio.4; kernel
711 <para revision="275800" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
712 &man.procctl.2; system call has been updated to include
713 a facility for non-&man.init.8; processes to be declared as
714 the reaper of child processes and their decendants.</para>
716 <para revision="277610">The <literal>futimens()</literal> and
717 <literal>utimensat()</literal> system calls have been
718 added. See &man.utimensat.2; for more information.</para>
720 <para revision="278934">The &man.elf.3; compile-time dependency
721 has been removed from <filename>dtri.o</filename>, which
722 allows adding <application>DTrace</application> probes to
723 userland applications and libraries without also linking
724 against &man.elf.3;.</para>
726 <para revision="279186">The &man.setmode.3; function has been
727 updated to consistently set <literal>errno</literal> on
730 <para revision="279663">The &man.qsort.3; functions have been
731 updated to be able to handle 32-bit aligned data on 64-bit
732 platforms, also providing a significant improvement in 32-bit
735 <para revision="281130">Several standard include headers have
736 been updated to use of <application>gcc</application>
737 attributes, such as <literal>__result_use_check()</literal>,
738 <literal>__alloc_size()</literal>, and
739 <literal>__nonnull()</literal>.</para>
741 <para revision="281845">Support for file verification in
742 <acronym>MAC</acronym> has been added.</para>
744 <para revision="282973" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
745 <literal>libgomp</literal> library is now only built when
746 building <acronym>GCC</acronym> from the base system. An
747 up-to-date version is available in the Ports Collection as
749 role="package">devel/libiomp5-devel</filename>.</para>
751 <para revision="282988">The <filename>stdlib.h</filename> and
752 <filename>malloc.h</filename> headers have been updated to
753 make use of the <application>gcc</application>
754 <literal>alloc_align()</literal> attribute.</para>
756 <para revision="284483" contrib="sponsor"
757 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The Blowfish &man.crypt.3; library
758 has been updated to support $2y$ hashes.</para>
760 <para revision="285277">The &man.execl.3; and &man.execlp.3;
761 library functions have been updated to use the
762 <literal>__sentinel</literal> <application>gcc</application>
766 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
767 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
769 <para revision="271982">The &linux; compatibility version has
770 been updated to <literal>2.6.18</literal>. The
771 <literal>compat.linux.osrelease</literal> &man.sysctl.8; is
772 evaluated when building the <filename
773 role="package">emulators/linux-c6</filename> and related
778 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
779 <title>Kernel</title>
781 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
782 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
785 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
786 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
788 <para revision="265876">A kernel bug that inhibited proper
789 functionality of the <literal>dev.cpu.0.freq</literal>
790 &man.sysctl.8; on &intel; processors with Turbo
791 Boost ™ enabled has been fixed.</para>
793 <para revision="271697" arch="powerpc">Support for
794 &man.dtrace.1; stack tracing has been fixed for
795 &os;/&arch.powerpc;, using the <literal>trapexit()</literal>
796 and <literal>asttrapexit()</literal> functions instead of
797 checking within addressed kernel space.</para>
799 <para revision="271917">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
800 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gif.4; has
803 <para revision="271918">A kernel panic triggered when destroying
804 a &man.vnet.9; &man.jail.8; configured with &man.gre.4; has
807 <para revision="272089">A bug in &man.ipfw.4; that could
808 potentially lead to a kernel panic when using &man.dummynet.4;
809 at layer 2 has been fixed.</para>
811 <para revision="280930" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&mitail;">The
812 kernel <acronym>RPC</acronym> has been updated to include
813 several enhancements:</para>
817 <para>The 45 MiB limit on requests queued for
818 &man.nfsd.8; threads has been removed.</para>
822 <para>Avoids unnecessary throttling by not deferring
823 accounting for completed requests.</para>
827 <para>Fixes an integer overflow and signedness bugs.</para>
831 <para revision="281261" arch="powerpc">Support for
832 &man.dtrace.1; has been added for the
833 Book-E ™.</para>
836 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
837 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
839 <para revision="266531">The <literal>IMAGACT_BINMISC</literal>
840 kernel configuration option has been enabled by default,
841 which enables application execution through emulators, such
842 as <application>Qemu</application>.</para>
844 <para revision="268045">The <literal>VT</literal> kernel
845 configuration file has been removed, and the &man.vt.4;
846 driver is included in the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
847 To enable &man.vt.4;, enter <literal>set kern.vty=vt</literal>
848 at the &man.loader.8; prompt during boot, or add
849 <literal>kern.vty=vt</literal> to &man.loader.conf.5; and
850 reboot the system.</para>
852 <para revision="277904">The &man.config.8; utility has been
853 updated to allow using a non-standard <filename
854 class="directory">src/</filename> tree, specified as an
855 argument to the <literal>-s</literal> flag.</para>
857 <para revision="277990" arch="powerpc64">The
858 &os;/&arch.powerpc64; kernel now builds as
859 a position-independent executable, allowing the kernel to be
860 loaded into and run from any physical or virtual
864 <para>This change requires an update to &man.loader.8;.
865 The userland and kernel must be updated before rebooting the
869 <para revision="278338" arch="arm">A new module for creating
870 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> has been added for the Raspberry
873 <para revision="278340" arch="arm">The
874 <filename>rpi.dtb</filename> module is now installed to
875 <filename class="directory">/boot/dtb/</filename> by
876 default for the Raspberry Pi system.</para>
878 <para revision="279189" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
879 arch="powerpc">Kernel support for Vector-Scalar eXtension
880 (<acronym>VSX</acronym>) found on POWER7 and POWER8 hardware
881 has been added.</para>
883 <para revision="279252" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
884 arch="powerpc">The &man.pmap.9; implementation for 64-bit
885 &powerpc; processors has been overhaulded to improve
888 <para revision="279824" arch="arm">A new module for creating
889 the <filename>dtb</filename> module for AM335x systems has
892 <para revision="281495" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
893 <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal> kernel configuration option has
894 been added for &os;/&arch.i386;, which instructs &man.pmap.9;
895 to use <acronym>PAE</acronym> format for page tables while
896 maintaining a 32-bit physical address size elsewhere in the
897 kernel. The use of this option can enhance application-level
898 security by enabling the creation of <quote>no execute</quote>
899 mappings on modern &arch.i386; processors. Unlike the
900 <literal>PAE</literal> option, <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>
901 preserves kernel binary interface (<acronym>KBI</acronym>)
902 compatibility with non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernels,
903 allowing non-<literal>PAE</literal> kernel modules and drivers
904 to work with a <literal>PAE_TABLES</literal>-enabled kernel.
905 Additionally, system limits are tuned for 4GB maximum
906 <acronym>RAM</acronym>, avoiding kernel virtual address space
907 (<acronym>KVA</acronym>) exhaustion.</para>
909 <para revision="282215">The <literal>SIFTR</literal> kernel
910 configuration has been added, allowing building &man.siftr.4;
911 statically into the kernel.</para>
913 <para revision="282731" arch="arm">The &arch.arm; boot loader,
914 <filename>ubldr</filename>, is now relocatable. In addition,
915 <filename>ubldr.bin</filename> is now created during build
916 time, which is a stripped binary with an entry point of
917 <literal>0</literal>, providing the ability to specify the
918 load address by running <literal>go
919 ${loadaddr}</literal> in
920 <literal>u-boot</literal>.</para>
922 <para revision="282921" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&intelcorp;"
923 arch="amd64,i386">The &man.nvd.4; and &man.nvme.4; drivers are
924 now included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
925 configuration by default.</para>
927 <para revision="283959" contrib="sponsor"
928 sponsor="&limelight;">A new kernel configuration option,
929 <literal>EM_MULTIQUEUE</literal>, has been added which enables
930 multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver.</para>
933 <para>Multi-queue support in the &man.em.4; driver is not
934 officially supported by &intel;.</para>
937 <para revision="285142" contrib="sponsor"
938 sponsor="&netgate;">The <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
939 configuration has been updated to include the
940 <literal>IPSEC</literal> option by default.</para>
942 <para revision="285387" contrib="sponsor"
943 sponsor="&norse;, &dell;">Initial <acronym>NUMA</acronym>
944 affinity and policy configuration has been added. See
945 &man.numactl.1;, and &man.numa.getaffinity.2;, for usage
948 <para revision="286231">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added
949 to the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel configuration for
950 supported architectures.</para>
953 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
954 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
956 <para revision="275140" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
957 &man.hwpmc.4; default and maximum callchain depths have been
958 increased. The default has been increased from 16 to 32, and
959 the maximum increased from 32 to 128.</para>
961 <para revision="279361">The <literal>kern.osrelease</literal>
962 and <literal>kern.osreldate</literal> are now configurable
963 &man.jail.8; parameters.</para>
965 <para revision="280308,280949" contrib="sponsor"
966 sponsor="&ix;, &ff;">The &man.devfs.5; device filesystem has
967 been changed to update timestamps for read/write operations
968 using seconds precision. A new &man.sysctl.8;,
969 <literal>vfs.devfs.dotimes</literal> has been added, which
970 when set to a non-zero value, enables default precision
971 timestamps for these operations.</para>
973 <para revision="282213" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">A new
974 &man.sysctl.8;, <literal>kern.racct.enable</literal>, has been
975 added, which when set to a non-zero value allows using
976 &man.rctl.8; with the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel.
977 A new kernel configuration option,
978 <literal>RACCT_DISABLED</literal> has also been added.</para>
980 <para revision="282901" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
981 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration now includes
982 <literal>RACCT</literal> and <literal>RCTL</literal> by
986 <para>To enable <literal>RACCT</literal> and
987 <literal>RCTL</literal> on a system using the
988 <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configuration, add
989 <literal>kern.racct.enable=1</literal> to
990 &man.loader.conf.5;, and reboot the system.</para>
993 <para revision="283136" contrib="sponsor"
994 sponsor="&limelight;">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
995 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache.purgenow</literal>, has
996 been added, which when set to <literal>1</literal> during
997 runtime will flush all
998 <literal>net.inet.tcp.hostcache</literal> entries.</para>
1000 <para revision="285524">A new &man.sysctl.8;,
1001 <literal>hw.model</literal>, has been added, which displays
1002 <acronym>CPU</acronym> model information.</para>
1004 <para revision="286591">The &man.uart.4; driver has been
1005 updated to allow tuning packets per second captured during
1010 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
1011 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
1013 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
1014 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
1016 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
1017 <title>Device Drivers</title>
1019 <para revision="260903">Support for GPS ports has been added to
1020 &man.uhso.4;.</para>
1022 <para revision="265132">The &man.full.4; device has been added,
1023 and the <literal>lindev(4)</literal> device has been removed.
1024 Prior to this change, <literal>lindev(4)</literal> provided
1025 only the <filename>/dev/full</filename> character device,
1026 returning <literal>ENOSPC</literal> on write attempts. As
1027 this device is not specific to &linux;, a native &os; version
1028 has been added.</para>
1030 <para revision="271705">Hardware context support has been
1031 added to the <literal>drm/i915</literal> driver, adding
1032 support for <application>Mesa</application> 9.2 and
1035 <para revision="273178">The &man.vt.4; driver has been updated,
1036 replacing the bitmapped <literal>kern.vt.spclkeys</literal>
1037 &man.sysctl.8; with individual
1038 <literal>kern.vt.kbd_*</literal> variants.</para>
1040 <para revision="273598">The &man.hpet.4; driver has been updated
1042 <filename>/dev/hpet<replaceable>N</replaceable></filename>
1043 device, providing access to <acronym>HPET</acronym> from
1046 <para revision="280183">The <literal>drm</literal> code has
1047 been updated to match &linux; version 3.8.13.</para>
1049 <para revision="281440">The &man.psm.4; driver has been updated
1050 to include improved support for newer Synaptics ®
1051 touchpads and the ClickPad ® mouse on newer
1052 Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1054 <para revision="282783" arch="powerpc">Support for the Freescale
1055 <acronym>PCI</acronym> Root Complex device has been
1058 <para revision="285876">The &man.cyapa.4; driver has been added,
1059 supporting the Cypress APA I2C trackpad.</para>
1061 <para revision="285883">The &man.isl.4; driver has been added,
1062 supporting the Intersil I2C ISL29018 digital ambient light
1066 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
1067 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
1069 <para revision="265236" contrib="sponsor"
1070 sponsor="&lsi;, &spectralogic;" sponsorurl="">The &man.mpr.4;
1071 device has been added, providing support for LSI Fusion-MPT
1072 3 12Gb SCSI/SATA controllers.</para>
1074 <para revision="265555" contrib="sponsor"
1075 sponsor="&lsi;">The &man.mrsas.4; driver has been added,
1076 providing support for LSI MegaRAID SAS controllers. The
1077 &man.mfi.4; driver will attach to the controller, by default.
1078 To enable &man.mrsas.4; add
1079 <literal>hw.mfi.mrsas_enable=1</literal> to
1080 <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>, which turns off
1081 &man.mfi.4; device probing.</para>
1084 <para>At this time, the &man.mfiutil.8; utility and the &os;
1085 version of <application>MegaCLI</application> and
1086 <application>StorCli</application> do not work with
1087 &man.mrsas.4;.</para>
1090 <para revision="275461" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1091 &man.ctl.4; subsystem has been updated, increasing the ports
1092 limit from <literal>128</literal> to <literal>256</literal>,
1093 and <acronym>LUN</acronym> limit from <literal>256</literal>
1094 to <literal>1024</literal>.</para>
1096 <para revision="276526">The <literal>asr(4)</literal> driver has
1097 been removed, and is no longer supported.</para>
1099 <para revision="281387">The &man.hptnr.4; driver has been
1100 updated to version 1.1.1.</para>
1102 <para revision="285662">The &man.pms.4; driver has been added,
1103 providing support for the PMC Sierra line of
1104 <acronym>SAS</acronym>/<acronym>SATA</acronym> host bus
1108 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
1109 <title>Network Drivers</title>
1111 <para revision="258830">Support for Broadcom chipsets BCM57764,
1112 BCM57767, BCM57782, BCM57786 and BCM57787 has been added to
1115 <para revision="260448">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1116 Wireless-N 135 chipset has been added.</para>
1118 <para revision="260552">Firmware for &intel; Centrino™
1119 Wireless-N 105 devices has been added to the base
1122 <para revision="261975">The deprecated nve(4) driver has been
1123 removed. Users of NVIDIA nForce MCP network adapters are
1124 advised to use the &man.nfe.4; driver instead, which has been
1125 the default driver for this hardware since
1126 &os; 7.0.</para>
1128 <para revision="264601" contrib="sponsor"
1129 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal>
1130 device has been added, providing support for NetFPGA-10G
1131 Embedded CPU Ethernet Core.</para>
1134 <para>The <literal>if_nf10bmac(4)</literal> driver operates on
1135 the FPGA, and is not suited for the PCI host
1139 <para revision="265348" contrib="sponsor"
1140 sponsor="&netgate;">The &man.ath.hal.4; driver has been
1141 updated to support the Atheros AR1111 chipset.</para>
1143 <para revision="266770">Support for the &intel; Centrino™
1144 Wireless-N 105 chipset has been added.</para>
1146 <para revision="266757" contrib="sponsor"
1147 sponsor="&chelsio;">Support for the &man.cxgbe.4; Terminator
1148 5 (T5) 10G/40G cards has been added to &man.netmap.4;.</para>
1150 <para revision="272730">The &man.alc.4; driver has been updated
1151 to support AR816x and AR817x ethernet controllers.</para>
1153 <para revision="272906">The &man.pf.4; packet filter default hash
1154 has been changed from <literal>Jenkins</literal> to
1155 <literal>Murmur3</literal>, providing a 3-percent performance
1156 increase in packets-per-second.</para>
1158 <para revision="273331">The &man.vxlan.4; driver has been added,
1159 which creates a virtual Layer 2 (Ethernet) network overlaid in
1160 a Layer 3 (IP/UDP) network. The &man.vxlan.4; driver is
1161 analogous to &man.vlan.4;, but is designed to be better suited
1162 for large, multiple-tenant datacenter environments.</para>
1164 <para revision="274246" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&yandex;">The
1165 &man.gre.4; driver has been significantly overhauled, and has
1166 been split into two separate modules, &man.gre.4; and
1169 <para revision="278551">The &man.ral.4; driver has been updated
1170 to support the RT5390 and RT5392 chipsets.</para>
1172 <para revision="283514" contrib="sponsor"
1173 sponsor="&solarflare;">The &man.sfxge.4; driver has been
1174 updated to support Solarflare Flareon Ultra 7000-series
1177 <para revision="283766" contrib="sponsor"
1178 sponsor="&limelight;">The &man.em.4; driver has been updated
1179 with improved transmission queue hang detection.</para>
1181 <para revision="284125">The &man.cdce.4; driver has been updated
1182 to include support for the RTL8153 chipset.</para>
1184 <para revision="286441">The &man.iwm.4; driver has been imported
1185 from OpenBSD, providing support for &intel; 3160/7260/7265
1186 wireless chipsets.</para>
1190 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
1191 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1193 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
1194 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
1195 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
1196 other sections of this document.</para>
1198 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
1199 <title>Hardware Support</title>
1201 <para revision="268303">The &man.asmc.4; driver has been
1202 updated to support the &apple; MacMini 3,1.</para>
1204 <para revision="268351">Support for &os;/ia64 has been dropped
1205 as of &os; 11.</para>
1207 <para revision="274386">An issue that could cause a system to
1208 hang when entering <acronym>ACPI</acronym>
1209 <literal>S3</literal> state (suspend to
1210 <acronym>RAM</acronym>) has been corrected in the &man.acpi.4;
1211 and &man.pci.4; drivers.</para>
1213 <para revision="274733" arch="powerpc">The power management unit
1214 subsystem has been updated to support power button events on
1215 certain &arch.powerpc; hardware, such as aluminum
1216 PowerBook ®.</para>
1218 <para revision="275171,275190" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1219 driver has been updated to correct performance counter
1220 sampling on G4 (MPC74xxx) and G5 class processors.</para>
1222 <para revision="275732" contrib="sponsor"
1223 sponsor="&ff;,&netgate;">The
1224 <application>OpenCrypto</application> framework has been
1225 updated to include <literal>AES-ICM</literal> and
1226 <literal>AES-GCM</literal> modes, both of which have also been
1227 added to the &man.aesni.4; driver.</para>
1229 <para revision="281713" arch="powerpc">The &man.hwpmc.4;
1230 driver has been updated to support the Freescale e500
1233 <para revision="283766">The &man.ig4.4; driver has been added,
1234 providing support for the fourth generation &intel;
1235 <acronym>I2C</acronym> SMBus.</para>
1237 <para>The &man.uart.4; driver has been updated to support
1238 <acronym>AMT</acronym> devices on newer systems.</para>
1240 <para revision="285316" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1241 arch="arm64">Initial <acronym>SMP</acronym> support has been
1242 added to the &os;/&arch.arm64; port.</para>
1245 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
1246 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
1248 <para revision="260410">Support for the <quote>Virtual Interrupt
1249 Delivery</quote> feature of &intel; VT-x is enabled if
1250 supported by the CPU. This feature can be disabled by running
1251 <literal>sysctl hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal>.
1252 Additionally, to persist this setting across reboots, add
1253 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_vid=0</literal> to
1254 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1256 <para revision="260532">Support for <quote>Posted Interrupt
1257 Processing</quote> is enabled if supported by the CPU. This
1258 feature can be disabled by running <literal>sysctl
1259 hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal>. Additionally, to
1260 persist this setting across reboots, add
1261 <literal>hw.vmm.vmx.use_apic_pir=0</literal> to
1262 <filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>.</para>
1264 <para revision="260582">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1265 &man.virtio_blk.4;.</para>
1267 <para revision="260583">Unmapped IO support has been added to
1268 &man.virtio_scsi.4;.</para>
1270 <para revision="260847">The &man.virtio_random.4; driver has
1271 been added to harvest entropy from the host system.</para>
1273 <para revision="261504">&os;/&arch.i386; guests can be run under
1276 <para revision="267536" contrib="sponsor"
1277 sponsor="&citrix.rd;">Support for running a &os;/&arch.amd64;
1278 <application>Xen</application> guest instance as
1279 <acronym>PVH</acronym> guest has been added.
1280 <acronym>PVH</acronym> mode, short for <quote>Para-Virtualized
1281 Hardware</quote>, uses para-virtualized drivers for boot and
1282 I/O, and uses hardware virtualization extensions for all other
1283 tasks, without the need for emulation.</para>
1285 <para revision="273375">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1286 updated to support &amd; processors with
1287 <acronym>SVM</acronym> and <acronym>AMD-V</acronym> hardware
1290 <para revision="273515">The &man.virtio.console.4; driver has
1291 been added, which provides an interface to VirtIO console
1292 devices through a &man.tty.4; device.</para>
1294 <para revision="279957">The &man.bhyve.8; hypervisor has been
1295 updated to support <literal>DSM TRIM</literal> commands for
1296 virtual <acronym>AHCI</acronym> disks.</para>
1298 <para revision="281439" arch="arm">Support for the
1299 <application>QEMU</application> <literal>virt</literal> system
1300 has been added.</para>
1302 <para revision="282212" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1303 Hyper-V™ drivers have been updated with several
1304 enhancements:</para>
1308 <para>The &man.hv.vmbus.4; driver now has multi-channel
1313 <para>The &man.hv.storvsc.4; driver now has scatter/gather
1314 support, in addition to performance improvements.</para>
1318 <para>The &man.hv.kvp.4; driver has received several bug
1323 <para revision="282274">Support for &man.xen.4; para-virtualized
1324 <literal>domU</literal> kernels has been removed.</para>
1326 <para revision="284746" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&msostc;">The
1327 &man.hv.netvsc.4; driver has been updated to support checksum
1328 offloading and <acronym>TSO</acronym>.</para>
1330 <para revision="286062">The &man.xen.4; driver has been updated
1331 to include support for <literal>blkif</literal> indirect
1335 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
1336 <title>ARM Support</title>
1338 <para revision="260921">The &man.nand.4; device is enabled for
1339 ARM devices by default.</para>
1341 <para revision="266943" arch="arm">Support for the Exynos 5420
1342 Octa system has been added.</para>
1344 <para revision="267390" arch="arm">The <acronym>SMP</acronym>
1345 option has been enabled for all Exynos 5 systems supported by
1348 <para revision="268838" arch="arm">Support for the Toradex
1349 Apalis i.MX6 development board has been added.</para>
1351 <para revision="273264" arch="armv6">An issue that could cause
1352 instability when detecting <acronym>SD</acronym> cards on the
1353 Raspberry Pi <acronym>SOC</acronym> has been fixed.</para>
1355 <para revision="275963">The <literal>bcm2835_cpufreq</literal>
1356 driver has been added, which supports <acronym>CPU</acronym>
1357 frequency and voltage control on the Raspberry Pi
1358 <acronym>SOC</acronym>.</para>
1360 <para revision="277042" arch="arm">Support to turn off the
1361 BeagleBone Black system with the &man.shutdown.8;
1362 <literal>-p</literal> flag or by invoking &man.poweroff.8; has
1365 <para revision="277644" arch="arm">Audio transmission drivers
1366 have been added for Digital Audio Multiplexer
1367 (<acronym>AUDMUXM</acronym>), Smart Direct Memory Access
1368 Controller (<acronym>SDMA</acronym>), and Syncronous Serial
1369 Interface (<acronym>SSI</acronym>).</para>
1371 <para revision="280259" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1372 support for the ARM AArch64 architecture has been
1375 <para revision="282779" arch="arm">Kernel support for Thumb-2
1376 userland has been added.</para>
1378 <para revision="282827">Support for the hardware power button
1379 on the BeagleBone Black system has been added.</para>
1381 <para revision="284273" contrib="sponsor"
1382 sponsor="&ff;">Initial
1383 <acronym>ACPI</acronym> support has been added for
1384 &os;/&arch.arm64;.</para>
1388 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
1389 <title>Storage</title>
1391 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
1392 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
1394 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
1395 <title>General Storage</title>
1397 <para revision="278037" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1398 &man.ctl.4; <acronym>LUN</acronym> mapping has been rewritten,
1399 replacing <acronym>iSCSI</acronym>-specific mapping mechanisms
1400 with a new mechanism that works for any port.</para>
1402 <para revision="278354" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ix;">The
1403 &man.ctld.8; utility has been updated to allow controlling
1404 non-<acronym>iSCSI</acronym> &man.ctl.4; ports.</para>
1406 <para revision="275681" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1407 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1408 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-media</literal>, which
1409 allows automatically mounting removable media, such as
1410 <acronym>CD</acronym> drives or <acronym>USB</acronym> flash
1413 <para revision="279955" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1414 &man.autofs.5; subsystem has been updated to include a new
1415 &man.auto.master.5; map, <literal>-noauto</literal>, which
1416 handles &man.fstab.5; entries set to
1417 <literal>noauto</literal>.</para>
1419 <para revision="286444">The <acronym>GELI</acronym> class has
1420 been updated to support the <literal>BIO_DELETE</literal>
1421 &man.g.bio.9; <literal>bio_cmd</literal> field, providing
1422 <acronym>TRIM</acronym>/<acronym>UNMAP</acronym> support on
1423 <acronym>GELI</acronym>-backed <acronym>SSD</acronym> storage
1427 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
1428 <title>Networked Storage</title>
1430 <para revision="270096" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The new
1431 filesystem automount facility, &man.autofs.5;, has been added.
1432 The new &man.autofs.5; facility is similar to that found in
1433 other &unix;-like operating systems, such as OS X™
1434 and Solaris™. The &man.autofs.5; facility uses
1435 a &sun;-compatible &man.auto.master.5; configuration file, and
1436 is administered with the &man.automount.8; userland utility,
1437 and the &man.automountd.8; and &man.autounmountd.8;
1440 <para revision="273849" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">Support
1441 for the <literal>timeo</literal>, <literal>actimeo</literal>,
1442 <literal>noac</literal>, and <literal>proto</literal> options
1443 have been added to &man.mount.nfs.8;.</para>
1446 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
1449 <para revision="275748">The <literal>arc_meta_limit</literal>
1450 statistics are now visible through the
1451 <literal>kstat</literal> &man.sysctl.8;. As a result of this
1452 change, the <literal>vfs.zfs.arc_meta_used</literal>
1453 &man.sysctl.8; has been removed, and replaced with the
1454 <literal>kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.arc_meta_used</literal>
1455 &man.sysctl.8;.</para>
1458 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
1459 <title>&man.geom.4;</title>
1461 <para revision="267359">Support for the
1462 <literal>disklabel64</literal> partitioning scheme has been
1463 added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1465 <para revision="282465">Support for the
1466 <literal>apple-boot</literal>, <literal>apple-hfs</literal>,
1467 and <literal>apple-ufs</literal> <acronym>MBR</acronym>
1468 partitioning schemes have been added to &man.gpart.8;.</para>
1470 <para revision="285594" contrib="sponsor"
1471 sponsor="&scaleengine;">The &man.gpart.8; utility has been
1472 updated to include a new attribute for <acronym>GPT</acronym>
1473 partitions, <literal>lenovofix</literal>, which when set,
1474 which works around <acronym>BIOS</acronym> compatibility
1475 issues reported on several Lenovo ™ laptops.</para>
1479 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
1480 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1482 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
1483 boot-related changes.</para>
1485 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
1486 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
1488 <para revision="258431" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1489 memory test run at boot time on &os;/&arch.amd64; platforms
1490 has been disabled by default.</para>
1492 <para revision="262955">A new &man.ttys.5; class,
1493 <literal>3wire</literal>, has been added. This is similar to
1494 the existing terminal classes, but does not have a defined
1497 <para revision="274085">The &man.vt.4; driver has been made the
1498 default system console driver. The &man.syscons.4; driver is
1499 still available, and can be enabled by adding
1500 <literal>kern.vty=sc</literal> in &man.loader.conf.5;.
1501 Alternatively, &man.syscons.4; can be enabled at boot time by
1502 entering <literal>set kern.vty=sc</literal> at the
1503 &man.loader.8; prompt.</para>
1505 <para revision="279950">Support for <literal>bzipfs</literal>
1506 has been added to the <acronym>EFI</acronym> loader.</para>
1508 <para revision="281616">The boot loader has been updated to
1509 support entering the <acronym>GELI</acronym> passphrase before
1510 loading the kernel. To enable this behavior, add
1511 <literal>geom_eli_passphrase_prompt="YES"</literal> to
1512 &man.loader.conf.5;.</para>
1514 <para revision="284683" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
1515 arch="arm">The &man.ttys.5; file for &os;/&arch.arm; has been
1516 updated to enable <filename>ttyu1</filename>,
1517 <filename>ttyu2</filename>, and <filename>ttyu3</filename> by
1518 default, if the callin port is an active console port.</para>
1521 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
1522 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
1528 <sect1 xml:id="network">
1529 <title>Networking</title>
1531 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
1534 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
1535 <title>Network Protocols</title>
1537 <para revision="263140">Support for the IPX network transport
1538 protocol has been removed, and will not be supported in
1539 &os; 11 and later releases.</para>
1541 <para revision="272720" contrib="sponsor"
1542 sponsor="&limelight;">Support for <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1543 blackhole detection (<acronym>RFC</acronym> 4821) has been
1544 added to the &man.tcp.4; stack, disabled by default. New
1545 control tunables have been added:</para>
1547 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1549 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1550 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1553 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1554 <entry>Description</entry>
1560 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_detection</literal></entry>
1561 <entry>Enables or disables <acronym>PLPMTUD</acronym>
1562 blackhole detection</entry>
1566 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1567 <entry><acronym>MSS</acronym> to try for IPv4</entry>
1571 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.v6pmtud_blackhole_mss</literal></entry>
1572 <entry><acronym>MSS to try for IPv6</acronym></entry>
1578 <para>New monitoring &man.sysctl.8;s haven been added:</para>
1580 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
1582 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1583 <colspec colwidth="1*"/>
1586 <entry>Tunable</entry>
1587 <entry>Description</entry>
1593 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_activated</literal></entry>
1594 <entry>Number of times the code was activated to attempt
1595 downshifting the <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1599 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_min_activated</literal></entry>
1600 <entry>Number of times the blackhole
1601 <acronym>MSS</acronym> was used in an attempt to
1606 <entry><literal>net.inet.tcp.pmtud_blackhole_failed</literal></entry>
1607 <entry>Number of times that the blackhole failed to
1608 connect after downshifting the
1609 <acronym>MSS</acronym></entry>
1615 <para revision="280971" contrib="sponsor"
1616 sponsor="&netflix;, &nginx;">Support for <acronym>IP</acronym>
1617 identification for atomic datagrams (<acronym>RFC</acronym>
1618 6864) has been added. Support for this feature can be toggled
1619 with the <literal>net.inet.ip.rfc6864</literal>
1620 &man.sysctl.8;, which is enabled by default.</para>
1622 <para revision="285336" contrib="sponsor"
1623 sponsor="&netgate;">The <acronym>IPSEC</acronym> has been
1624 updated to include support for <acronym>AES</acronym> modes on
1625 both software-only and hardware-backed (&man.aesni.4;)
1630 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
1631 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
1633 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
1634 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
1635 installation tools.</para>
1637 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
1638 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
1643 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
1644 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
1650 <sect1 xml:id="doc">
1651 <title>Documentation</title>
1653 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
1654 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
1656 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
1657 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
1662 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
1663 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
1669 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
1670 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
1672 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
1673 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
1675 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
1676 <title>Integration Changes</title>
1678 <para revision="277458" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1679 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1680 support for producing virtual machine disk images for various
1681 cloud hosting providers.</para>
1683 <para revision="278926">The Release Engineering build tools have
1684 been updated to use multi-threaded &man.xz.1;. By default,
1685 the number of &man.xz.1; threads is set to the number of cores
1688 <para revision="281802" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1689 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to include
1690 support for building &os;/&arch.arm64; virtual machine and
1691 memory stick installation images.</para>
1693 <para revision="282693" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1694 Release Engineering build tools have been updated to support
1695 building &os;/&arch.arm; images without external utilities for
1696 supported boards where a corresponding
1697 <literal>u-boot</literal> port exists in the Ports
1700 <para revision="283307" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
1701 &os;/&arch.i386; memory stick installation images are now
1702 created using the &man.mkimg.1; utility, matching the way
1703 the &os;/&arch.amd64; images are created.</para>