2 .\" Copyright (c) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002 Kenneth D. Merry.
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30 .Dd September 14, 1998
35 .Nd CAM control program
49 .Op Fl u Ar unit_number
79 .Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
82 .Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
94 .Aq Fl m Ar page | Fl l
102 .Aq Fl c Ar cmd Op args
103 .Op Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
105 .Op Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
113 .Aq all|off|bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
126 .Op Fl D Ar enable|disable
130 .Op Fl T Ar enable|disable
132 .Op Fl W Ar bus_width
146 utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the
153 can cause a loss of data and/or system crashes if used improperly. Even
154 expert users are encouraged to exercise caution when using this command.
155 Novice users should stay away from this utility.
159 utility has a number of primary functions, many of which support an optional
160 device identifier. A device identifier can take one of three forms:
163 Specify a device name and unit number combination, like "da5" or "cd3".
164 Note that character device node names (e.g. /dev/da0) are
168 Specify a bus number and target id. The bus number can be determined from
170 .Dq camcontrol devlist .
171 The lun defaults to 0.
173 Specify the bus, target and lun for a device. (e.g. 1:2:0)
176 The device identifier, if it is specified,
178 come immediately after the function name, and before any generic or
179 function-specific arguments. Note that the
183 arguments described below will override any device name or unit number
184 specified beforehand. The
190 override a specified bus:target or bus:target:lun, however.
194 primary functions support these generic arguments:
197 SCSI command retry count. In order for this to work, error recovery
201 Instruct the kernel to perform generic SCSI error recovery for the given
202 command. This is needed in order for the retry count
204 to be honored. Other than retrying commands, the generic error recovery in
205 the code will generally attempt to spin up drives that are not spinning.
206 It may take some other actions, depending upon the sense code returned from
209 Specify the device type to operate on, e.g. "da", "cd".
211 SCSI command timeout in seconds. This overrides the default timeout for
213 .It Fl u Ar unit_number
214 Specify the device unit number, e.g. "1", "5".
216 Be verbose, print out sense information for failed SCSI commands.
219 Primary command functions:
220 .Bl -tag -width periphlist
222 List all physical devices (logical units) attached to the CAM subsystem.
223 This also includes a list of peripheral drivers attached to each device.
226 argument, SCSI bus number, adapter name and unit numbers are printed as
229 List all peripheral drivers attached to a given physical device (logical
232 Send the SCSI test unit ready (0x00) command to the given device.
235 utility will report whether the device is ready or not.
237 Send a SCSI inquiry command (0x12) to a device. By default,
239 will print out the standard inquiry data, device serial number, and
240 transfer rate information. The user can specify that only certain types of
241 inquiry data be printed:
244 Get the standard inquiry data.
246 Print out the serial number. If this flag is the only one specified,
248 will not print out "Serial Number" before the value returned by the drive.
249 This is to aid in script writing.
251 Print out transfer rate information.
254 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
257 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
260 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
261 start bit set and the load/eject bit set.
263 Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
264 start bit cleared and the load/eject bit set.
266 Tell the kernel to scan all busses in the system (with the
268 argument), the given bus (XPT_SCAN_BUS), or bus:target:lun
269 (XPT_SCAN_LUN) for new devices or devices that have gone away. The user
270 may specify a scan of all busses, a single bus, or a lun. Scanning all luns
271 on a target isn't supported.
273 Tell the kernel to reset all busses in the system (with the
275 argument) or the given bus (XPT_RESET_BUS) by issuing a SCSI bus
276 reset for that bus, or to reset the given bus:target:lun
277 (XPT_RESET_DEV), typically by issuing a BUS DEVICE RESET message after
278 connecting to that device.
279 Note that this can have a destructive impact
282 Send the SCSI READ DEFECT DATA (10) command (0x37) to the given device, and
283 print out any combination of: the total number of defects, the primary
284 defect list (PLIST), and the grown defect list (GLIST).
287 The three format options are:
289 to print out the list as logical blocks,
291 to print out the list in bytes from index format, and
293 to print out the list in physical sector format. The format argument is
294 required. Most drives support the physical sector format. Some drives
295 support the logical block format. Many drives, if they don't support the
296 requested format, return the data in an alternate format, along with sense
297 information indicating that the requested data format isn't supported.
301 attempts to detect this, and print out whatever format the drive returns.
302 If the drive uses a non-standard sense code to report that it doesn't
303 support the requested format,
305 will probably see the error as a failure to complete the request.
307 Print out the grown defect list. This is a list of bad blocks that have
308 been remapped since the disk left the factory.
310 Print out the primary defect list.
319 will print out the number of defects given in the READ DEFECT DATA header
320 returned from the drive.
322 Allows the user to display and optionally edit a SCSI mode page. The mode
323 page formats are located in
324 .Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes .
325 This can be overridden by specifying a different file in the
327 environment variable.
330 command takes several arguments:
333 Disable block descriptors for mode sense.
335 Displays mode page data in binary format.
337 This flag allows the user to edit values in the mode page. The user may
338 either edit mode page values with the text editor pointed to by his
340 environment variable, or supply mode page values via standard input, using
343 uses to display mode page values. The editor will be invoked if
345 detects that standard input is terminal.
347 Lists all available mode pages.
348 .It Fl m Ar mode_page
349 This specifies the number of the mode page the user would like to view
350 and/or edit. This argument is mandatory unless
354 This allows the user to specify the page control field. Possible values are:
355 .Bl -tag -width xxx -compact
367 Allows the user to send an arbitrary SCSI CDB to any device.
370 function requires the
372 argument to specify the CDB. Other arguments are optional, depending on
373 the command type. The command and data specification syntax is documented
376 NOTE: If the CDB specified causes data to be transfered to or from the
377 SCSI device in question, you MUST specify either
382 .It Fl c Ar cmd Op args
383 This specifies the SCSI CDB. CDBs may be 6, 10, 12 or 16 bytes.
384 .It Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
385 This specifies the amount of data to read, and how it should be displayed.
389 bytes of data will be read from the device and written to standard output.
390 .It Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
391 This specifies the amount of data to be written to a device, and the data
392 that is to be written. If the format is
395 bytes of data will be read from standard input and written to the device.
398 Turn on CAM debugging printfs in the kernel. This requires options CAMDEBUG
399 in your kernel config file. WARNING: enabling debugging printfs currently
400 causes an EXTREME number of kernel printfs. You may have difficulty
401 turning off the debugging printfs once they start, since the kernel will be
402 busy printing messages and unable to service other requests quickly.
405 function takes a number of arguments:
408 Enable CAM_DEBUG_INFO printfs.
410 Enable CAM_DEBUG_TRACE printfs.
412 Enable CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE printfs.
414 Enable CAM_DEBUG_CDB printfs. This will cause the kernel to print out the
415 SCSI CDBs sent to the specified device(s).
417 Enable debugging for all devices.
419 Turn off debugging for all devices
420 .It bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
421 Turn on debugging for the given bus, target or lun. If the lun or target
422 and lun are not specified, they are wildcarded. (i.e., just specifying a
423 bus turns on debugging printfs for all devices on that bus.)
426 Show or set the number of "tagged openings" or simultaneous transactions
427 we attempt to queue to a particular device. By default, the
429 command, with no command-specific arguments (i.e. only generic arguments)
430 prints out the "soft" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to
431 the device in question. For more detailed information, use the
433 argument described below.
436 Set the number of tags for the given device. This must be between the
437 minimum and maximum number set in the kernel quirk table. The default for
438 most devices that support tagged queueing is a minimum of 2 and a maximum
439 of 255. The minimum and maximum values for a given device may be
440 determined by using the
442 switch. The meaning of the
446 subcommand is described below.
448 Be quiet, and don't report the number of tags. This is generally used when
449 setting the number of tags.
451 The verbose flag has special functionality for the
455 to print out the tagged queueing related fields of the XPT_GDEV_TYPE CCB:
458 This is the amount of capacity for transactions queued to a given device.
460 This is the number of transactions currently queued to a device.
462 This is the kernel queue space for transactions. This count usually mirrors
463 dev_openings except during error recovery operations when
464 the device queue is frozen (device is not allowed to receive
465 commands), the number of dev_openings is reduced, or transaction
468 This is the number of transactions waiting in the kernel queue for capacity
469 on the device. This number is usually zero unless error recovery is in
472 The held count is the number of CCBs held by peripheral drivers that have
473 either just been completed or are about to be released to the transport
474 layer for service by a device. Held CCBs reserve capacity on a given
477 This is the current "hard" minimum number of transactions that can be
478 queued to a device at once. The
480 value above cannot go below this number. The default value for
482 is 2, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
484 This is the "hard" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to a
485 device at one time. The
487 value cannot go above this number. The default value for
489 is 255, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
493 Show or negotiate various communication parameters. Some controllers may
494 not support setting or changing some of these values. For instance, the
495 Adaptec 174x controllers do not support changing a device's sync rate or
500 will not attempt to set the parameter if the controller indicates that it
501 does not support setting the parameter. To find out what the controller
504 flag. The meaning of the
508 command is described below. Also, some controller drivers don't support
509 setting negotiation parameters, even if the underlying controller supports
510 negotiation changes. Some controllers, such as the Advansys wide
511 controllers, support enabling and disabling synchronous negotiation for
512 a device, but do not support setting the synchronous negotiation rate.
515 Attempt to make the negotiation settings take effect immediately by sending
516 a Test Unit Ready command to the device.
518 Show or set current negotiation settings. This is the default.
519 .It Fl D Ar enable|disable
520 Enable or disable disconnection.
522 Set the command delay offset.
524 Be quiet, don't print anything. This is generally useful when you want to
525 set a parameter, but don't want any status information.
527 Change the synchronization rate for a device. The sync rate is a floating
528 point value specified in MHz. So, for instance,
530 is a legal value, as is
532 .It Fl T Ar enable|disable
533 Enable or disable tagged queueing for a device.
535 Show or set user negotiation settings. The default is to show or set
536 current negotiation settings.
538 The verbose switch has special meaning for the
540 subcommand. It causes
542 to print out the contents of a Path Inquiry (XPT_PATH_INQ) CCB sent to the
544 .It Fl W Ar bus_width
545 Specify the bus width to negotiate with a device. The bus width is
546 specified in bits. The only useful values to specify are 8, 16, and 32
547 bits. The controller must support the bus width in question in order for
548 the setting to take effect.
551 In general, sync rate and offset settings will not take effect for a
552 device until a command has been sent to the device. The
554 switch above will automatically send a Test Unit Ready to the device so
555 negotiation parameters will take effect.
559 FORMAT UNIT command to the named device.
561 .Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
563 Low level formatting a disk will destroy ALL data on the disk. Use
564 extreme caution when issuing this command. Many users low-level format
565 disks that do not really need to be low-level formatted. There are
566 relatively few scenarios that call for low-level formatting a disk.
568 low-level formatting a disk is to initialize the disk after changing
569 its physical sector size. Another reason for low-level formatting a disk
570 is to revive the disk if you are getting "medium format corrupted" errors
571 from the disk in response to read and write requests.
573 Some disks take longer than others to format. Users should specify a
574 timeout long enough to allow the format to complete. The default format
575 timeout is 3 hours, which should be long enough for most disks. Some hard
576 disks will complete a format operation in a very short period of time
577 (on the order of 5 minutes or less). This is often because the drive
578 doesn't really support the FORMAT UNIT command -- it just accepts the
579 command, waits a few minutes and then returns it.
583 subcommand takes several arguments that modify its default behavior. The
587 arguments can be useful for scripts.
591 Be quiet, don't print any status messages. This option will not disable
592 the questions, however. To disable questions, use the
596 Issue a non-immediate format command. By default,
598 issues the FORMAT UNIT command with the immediate bit set. This tells the
599 device to immediately return the format command, before the format has
600 actually completed. Then,
604 sense information from the device every second to determine how far along
605 in the format process it is. If the
607 argument is specified,
609 will issue a non-immediate format command, and will be unable to print any
610 information to let the user know what percentage of the disk has been
613 Don't ask any questions. By default,
615 will ask the user if he/she really wants to format the disk in question,
616 and also if the default format command timeout is acceptable. The user
617 will not be asked about the timeout if a timeout is specified on the
621 Print out verbose usage information.
626 variable allows the user to specify an alternate mode page format file.
630 variable determines which text editor
632 starts when editing mode pages.
634 .Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes -compact
635 .It Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes
636 is the SCSI mode format database.
638 is the transport layer device.
640 are the CAM application passthrough devices.
643 .Dl camcontrol eject -n cd -u 1 -v
645 Eject the CD from cd1, and print SCSI sense information if the command
648 .Dl camcontrol tur da0
650 Send the SCSI test unit ready command to da0.
653 utility will report whether the disk is ready, but will not display sense
654 information if the command fails since the
656 switch was not specified.
658 .Bd -literal -offset indent
659 camcontrol tur da1 -E -C 4 -t 50 -v
662 Send a test unit ready command to da1. Enable kernel error recovery.
663 Specify a retry count of 4, and a timeout of 50 seconds. Enable sense
666 flag) if the command fails. Since error recovery is turned on, the
667 disk will be spun up if it is not currently spinning.
670 utility will report whether the disk is ready.
671 .Bd -literal -offset indent
672 camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
673 -i 0xe "s1 i3 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1"
676 Issue a READ BUFFER command (0x3C) to cd1. Display the buffer size of cd1,
677 and display the first 10 bytes from the cache on cd1. Display SCSI sense
678 information if the command fails.
680 .Bd -literal -offset indent
681 camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
682 -o 14 "00 00 00 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 v v v v" 7 8 9 8
685 Issue a WRITE BUFFER (0x3B) command to cd1. Write out 10 bytes of data,
686 not including the (reserved) 4 byte header. Print out sense information if
687 the command fails. Be very careful with this command, improper use may
688 cause data corruption.
690 .Bd -literal -offset indent
691 camcontrol modepage da3 -m 1 -e -P 3
694 Edit mode page 1 (the Read-Write Error Recover page) for da3, and save the
695 settings on the drive. Mode page 1 contains a disk drive's auto read and
696 write reallocation settings, among other things.
698 .Dl camcontrol rescan all
700 Rescan all SCSI busses in the system for devices that have been added,
703 .Dl camcontrol rescan 0
705 Rescan SCSI bus 0 for devices that have been added, removed or changed.
707 .Dl camcontrol rescan 0:1:0
709 Rescan SCSI bus 0, target 1, lun 0 to see if it has been added, removed, or
712 .Dl camcontrol tags da5 -N 24
714 Set the number of concurrent transactions for da5 to 24.
716 .Bd -literal -offset indent
717 camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 4 -T disable
720 Disable tagged queueing for da4.
722 .Bd -literal -offset indent
723 camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 3 -R 20.000 -O 15 -a
726 Negotiate a sync rate of 20MHz and an offset of 15 with da3. Then send a
727 Test Unit Ready command to make the settings take effect.
737 utility first appeared in
740 The mode page editing code and arbitrary SCSI command code are based upon
745 library, written by Julian Elischer and Peter Dufault. The
747 program first appeared in
749 and first appeared in
754 .An Kenneth Merry Aq ken@FreeBSD.org
756 The code that parses the generic command line arguments doesn't know that
757 some of the subcommands take multiple arguments. So if, for instance, you
758 tried something like this:
759 .Bd -literal -offset indent
760 camcontrol cmd -n da -u 1 -c "00 00 00 00 00 v" 0x00 -v
763 The sense information from the test unit ready command would not get
764 printed out, since the first
768 bails out when it sees the second argument to
771 above. Fixing this behavior would take some gross code, or changes to the
773 interface. The best way to circumvent this problem is to always make sure
776 arguments before any command-specific arguments.
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