sbin/fsck_ffs/fsutil.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  */
  29
  30 #if 0
  31 #ifndef lint
  32 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)utilities.c   8.6 (Berkeley) 5/19/95";
  33 #endif /* not lint */
  34 #endif
  35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  37
  38 #include <sys/param.h>
  39 #include <sys/time.h>
  40 #include <sys/types.h>
  41 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  42 #include <sys/disk.h>
  43 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
  44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  45 #include <sys/stat.h>
  46
  47 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
  48 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
  49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
  50
  51 #include <err.h>
  52 #include <errno.h>
  53 #include <string.h>
  54 #include <ctype.h>
  55 #include <fstab.h>
  56 #include <stdint.h>
  57 #include <stdio.h>
  58 #include <stdlib.h>
  59 #include <time.h>
  60 #include <unistd.h>
  61 #include <libufs.h>
  62
  63 #include "fsck.h"
  64
  65 static void slowio_start(void);
  66 static void slowio_end(void);
  67 static void printIOstats(void);
  68
  69 static long diskreads, totaldiskreads, totalreads; /* Disk cache statistics */
  70 static struct timespec startpass, finishpass;
  71 struct timeval slowio_starttime;
  72 int slowio_delay_usec = 10000;  /* Initial IO delay for background fsck */
  73 int slowio_pollcnt;
  74 static struct bufarea cgblk;    /* backup buffer for cylinder group blocks */
  75 static TAILQ_HEAD(buflist, bufarea) bufhead;    /* head of buffer cache list */
  76 static int numbufs;                             /* size of buffer cache */
  77 static char *buftype[BT_NUMBUFTYPES] = BT_NAMES;
  78 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;  /* header for cylinder group cache */
  79 static int flushtries;          /* number of tries to reclaim memory */
  80
  81 void
  82 fsutilinit(void)
  83 {
  84         diskreads = totaldiskreads = totalreads = 0;
  85         bzero(&startpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
  86         bzero(&finishpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
  87         bzero(&slowio_starttime, sizeof(struct timeval));
  88         slowio_delay_usec = 10000;
  89         slowio_pollcnt = 0;
  90         bzero(&cgblk, sizeof(struct bufarea));
  91         TAILQ_INIT(&bufhead);
  92         numbufs = 0;
  93         /* buftype ? */
  94         cgbufs = NULL;
  95         flushtries = 0;
  96 }
  97
  98 int
  99 ftypeok(union dinode *dp)
 100 {
 101         switch (DIP(dp, di_mode) & IFMT) {
 102
 103         case IFDIR:
 104         case IFREG:
 105         case IFBLK:
 106         case IFCHR:
 107         case IFLNK:
 108         case IFSOCK:
 109         case IFIFO:
 110                 return (1);
 111
 112         default:
 113                 if (debug)
 114                         printf("bad file type 0%o\n", DIP(dp, di_mode));
 115                 return (0);
 116         }
 117 }
 118
 119 int
 120 reply(const char *question)
 121 {
 122         int persevere;
 123         char c;
 124
 125         if (preen)
 126                 pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: GOT TO reply()");
 127         persevere = !strcmp(question, "CONTINUE");
 128         printf("\n");
 129         if (!persevere && (nflag || (fswritefd < 0 && bkgrdflag == 0))) {
 130                 printf("%s? no\n\n", question);
 131                 resolved = 0;
 132                 return (0);
 133         }
 134         if (yflag || (persevere && nflag)) {
 135                 printf("%s? yes\n\n", question);
 136                 return (1);
 137         }
 138         do      {
 139                 printf("%s? [yn] ", question);
 140                 (void) fflush(stdout);
 141                 c = getc(stdin);
 142                 while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n') {
 143                         if (feof(stdin)) {
 144                                 resolved = 0;
 145                                 return (0);
 146                         }
 147                 }
 148         } while (c != 'y' && c != 'Y' && c != 'n' && c != 'N');
 149         printf("\n");
 150         if (c == 'y' || c == 'Y')
 151                 return (1);
 152         resolved = 0;
 153         return (0);
 154 }
 155
 156 /*
 157  * Look up state information for an inode.
 158  */
 159 struct inostat *
 160 inoinfo(ino_t inum)
 161 {
 162         static struct inostat unallocated = { USTATE, 0, 0 };
 163         struct inostatlist *ilp;
 164         int iloff;
 165
 166         if (inum > maxino)
 167                 errx(EEXIT, "inoinfo: inumber %ju out of range",
 168                     (uintmax_t)inum);
 169         ilp = &inostathead[inum / sblock.fs_ipg];
 170         iloff = inum % sblock.fs_ipg;
 171         if (iloff >= ilp->il_numalloced)
 172                 return (&unallocated);
 173         return (&ilp->il_stat[iloff]);
 174 }
 175
 176 /*
 177  * Malloc buffers and set up cache.
 178  */
 179 void
 180 bufinit(void)
 181 {
 182         struct bufarea *bp;
 183         long bufcnt, i;
 184         char *bufp;
 185
 186         pbp = pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
 187         bufp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
 188         if (bufp == NULL)
 189                 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 190         cgblk.b_un.b_buf = bufp;
 191         initbarea(&cgblk, BT_CYLGRP);
 192         TAILQ_INIT(&bufhead);
 193         bufcnt = MAXBUFS;
 194         if (bufcnt < MINBUFS)
 195                 bufcnt = MINBUFS;
 196         for (i = 0; i < bufcnt; i++) {
 197                 bp = (struct bufarea *)Malloc(sizeof(struct bufarea));
 198                 bufp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
 199                 if (bp == NULL || bufp == NULL) {
 200                         if (i >= MINBUFS)
 201                                 break;
 202                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 203                 }
 204                 bp->b_un.b_buf = bufp;
 205                 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 206                 initbarea(bp, BT_UNKNOWN);
 207         }
 208         numbufs = i;    /* save number of buffers */
 209         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 210                 readtime[i].tv_sec = totalreadtime[i].tv_sec = 0;
 211                 readtime[i].tv_nsec = totalreadtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
 212                 readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i] = 0;
 213         }
 214 }
 215
 216 /*
 217  * Manage cylinder group buffers.
 218  */
 219 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;  /* header for cylinder group cache */
 220 static int flushtries;          /* number of tries to reclaim memory */
 221
 222 struct bufarea *
 223 cgget(int cg)
 224 {
 225         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 226         struct cg *cgp;
 227
 228         if (cgbufs == NULL) {
 229                 cgbufs = calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct bufarea));
 230                 if (cgbufs == NULL)
 231                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate cylinder group buffers");
 232         }
 233         cgbp = &cgbufs[cg];
 234         if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg != NULL)
 235                 return (cgbp);
 236         cgp = NULL;
 237         if (flushtries == 0)
 238                 cgp = malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_cgsize);
 239         if (cgp == NULL) {
 240                 getblk(&cgblk, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
 241                 return (&cgblk);
 242         }
 243         cgbp->b_un.b_cg = cgp;
 244         initbarea(cgbp, BT_CYLGRP);
 245         getblk(cgbp, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
 246         return (cgbp);
 247 }
 248
 249 /*
 250  * Attempt to flush a cylinder group cache entry.
 251  * Return whether the flush was successful.
 252  */
 253 int
 254 flushentry(void)
 255 {
 256         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 257
 258         if (flushtries == sblock.fs_ncg || cgbufs == NULL)
 259                 return (0);
 260         cgbp = &cgbufs[flushtries++];
 261         if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg == NULL)
 262                 return (0);
 263         flush(fswritefd, cgbp);
 264         free(cgbp->b_un.b_buf);
 265         cgbp->b_un.b_buf = NULL;
 266         return (1);
 267 }
 268
 269 /*
 270  * Manage a cache of directory blocks.
 271  */
 272 struct bufarea *
 273 getdatablk(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, long size, int type)
 274 {
 275         struct bufarea *bp;
 276
 277         TAILQ_FOREACH(bp, &bufhead, b_list)
 278                 if (bp->b_bno == fsbtodb(&sblock, blkno))
 279                         goto foundit;
 280         TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(bp, &bufhead, buflist, b_list)
 281                 if ((bp->b_flags & B_INUSE) == 0)
 282                         break;
 283         if (bp == NULL)
 284                 errx(EEXIT, "deadlocked buffer pool");
 285         bp->b_type = type;
 286         getblk(bp, blkno, size);
 287         /* fall through */
 288 foundit:
 289         if (debug && bp->b_type != type)
 290                 printf("Buffer type changed from %s to %s\n",
 291                     buftype[bp->b_type], buftype[type]);
 292         TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 293         TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 294         bp->b_flags |= B_INUSE;
 295         return (bp);
 296 }
 297
 298 /*
 299  * Timespec operations (from <sys/time.h>).
 300  */
 301 #define timespecsub(vvp, uvp)                                           \
 302         do {                                                            \
 303                 (vvp)->tv_sec -= (uvp)->tv_sec;                         \
 304                 (vvp)->tv_nsec -= (uvp)->tv_nsec;                       \
 305                 if ((vvp)->tv_nsec < 0) {                               \
 306                         (vvp)->tv_sec--;                                \
 307                         (vvp)->tv_nsec += 1000000000;                   \
 308                 }                                                       \
 309         } while (0)
 310 #define timespecadd(vvp, uvp)                                           \
 311         do {                                                            \
 312                 (vvp)->tv_sec += (uvp)->tv_sec;                         \
 313                 (vvp)->tv_nsec += (uvp)->tv_nsec;                       \
 314                 if ((vvp)->tv_nsec >= 1000000000) {                     \
 315                         (vvp)->tv_sec++;                                \
 316                         (vvp)->tv_nsec -= 1000000000;                   \
 317                 }                                                       \
 318         } while (0)
 319
 320 void
 321 getblk(struct bufarea *bp, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 322 {
 323         ufs2_daddr_t dblk;
 324         struct timespec start, finish;
 325
 326         dblk = fsbtodb(&sblock, blk);
 327         if (bp->b_bno == dblk) {
 328                 totalreads++;
 329         } else {
 330                 flush(fswritefd, bp);
 331                 if (debug) {
 332                         readcnt[bp->b_type]++;
 333                         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &start);
 334                 }
 335                 bp->b_errs = blread(fsreadfd, bp->b_un.b_buf, dblk, size);
 336                 if (debug) {
 337                         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finish);
 338                         timespecsub(&finish, &start);
 339                         timespecadd(&readtime[bp->b_type], &finish);
 340                 }
 341                 bp->b_bno = dblk;
 342                 bp->b_size = size;
 343         }
 344 }
 345
 346 void
 347 flush(int fd, struct bufarea *bp)
 348 {
 349         int i, j;
 350
 351         if (!bp->b_dirty)
 352                 return;
 353         /*
 354          * Calculate any needed check hashes.
 355          */
 356         switch (bp->b_type) {
 357         case BT_CYLGRP:
 358                 if ((sblock.fs_metackhash & CK_CYLGRP) == 0)
 359                         break;
 360                 bp->b_un.b_cg->cg_ckhash = 0;
 361                 bp->b_un.b_cg->cg_ckhash =
 362                     calculate_crc32c(~0L, bp->b_un.b_buf, bp->b_size);
 363                 break;
 364         default:
 365                 break;
 366         }
 367         bp->b_dirty = 0;
 368         if (fswritefd < 0) {
 369                 pfatal("WRITING IN READ_ONLY MODE.\n");
 370                 return;
 371         }
 372         if (bp->b_errs != 0)
 373                 pfatal("WRITING %sZERO'ED BLOCK %lld TO DISK\n",
 374                     (bp->b_errs == bp->b_size / dev_bsize) ? "" : "PARTIALLY ",
 375                     (long long)bp->b_bno);
 376         bp->b_errs = 0;
 377         blwrite(fd, bp->b_un.b_buf, bp->b_bno, bp->b_size);
 378         if (bp != &sblk)
 379                 return;
 380         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) {
 381                 blwrite(fswritefd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i,
 382                     fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag),
 383                     MIN(sblock.fs_cssize - i, sblock.fs_bsize));
 384         }
 385 }
 386
 387 void
 388 rwerror(const char *mesg, ufs2_daddr_t blk)
 389 {
 390
 391         if (bkgrdcheck)
 392                 exit(EEXIT);
 393         if (preen == 0)
 394                 printf("\n");
 395         pfatal("CANNOT %s: %ld", mesg, (long)blk);
 396         if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0)
 397                 exit(EEXIT);
 398 }
 399
 400 void
 401 ckfini(int markclean)
 402 {
 403         struct bufarea *bp, *nbp;
 404         int ofsmodified, cnt;
 405
 406         if (bkgrdflag) {
 407                 unlink(snapname);
 408                 if ((!(sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN)) != markclean) {
 409                         cmd.value = FS_UNCLEAN;
 410                         cmd.size = markclean ? -1 : 1;
 411                         if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
 412                             &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
 413                                 rwerror("SET FILE SYSTEM FLAGS", FS_UNCLEAN);
 414                         if (!preen) {
 415                                 printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
 416                                     markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
 417                                 if (!markclean)
 418                                         rerun = 1;
 419                         }
 420                 } else if (!preen && !markclean) {
 421                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
 422                         rerun = 1;
 423                 }
 424         }
 425         if (debug && totalreads > 0)
 426                 printf("cache with %d buffers missed %ld of %ld (%d%%)\n",
 427                     numbufs, totaldiskreads, totalreads,
 428                     (int)(totaldiskreads * 100 / totalreads));
 429         if (fswritefd < 0) {
 430                 (void)close(fsreadfd);
 431                 return;
 432         }
 433         flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 434         if (havesb && cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 435             sblk.b_bno != sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize &&
 436             !preen && reply("UPDATE STANDARD SUPERBLOCK")) {
 437                 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize;
 438                 sbdirty();
 439                 flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 440         }
 441         flush(fswritefd, &cgblk);
 442         free(cgblk.b_un.b_buf);
 443         cnt = 0;
 444         TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(bp, &bufhead, buflist, b_list, nbp) {
 445                 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 446                 cnt++;
 447                 flush(fswritefd, bp);
 448                 free(bp->b_un.b_buf);
 449                 free((char *)bp);
 450         }
 451         if (numbufs != cnt)
 452                 errx(EEXIT, "panic: lost %d buffers", numbufs - cnt);
 453         if (cgbufs != NULL) {
 454                 for (cnt = 0; cnt < sblock.fs_ncg; cnt++) {
 455                         if (cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg == NULL)
 456                                 continue;
 457                         flush(fswritefd, &cgbufs[cnt]);
 458                         free(cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg);
 459                 }
 460                 free(cgbufs);
 461         }
 462         pbp = pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
 463         if (cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_clean != markclean) {
 464                 if ((sblock.fs_clean = markclean) != 0) {
 465                         sblock.fs_flags &= ~(FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK);
 466                         sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 467                         sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 468                 }
 469                 sbdirty();
 470                 ofsmodified = fsmodified;
 471                 flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 472                 fsmodified = ofsmodified;
 473                 if (!preen) {
 474                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
 475                             markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
 476                         if (!markclean)
 477                                 rerun = 1;
 478                 }
 479         } else if (!preen) {
 480                 if (markclean) {
 481                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM IS CLEAN *****\n");
 482                 } else {
 483                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
 484                         rerun = 1;
 485                 }
 486         }
 487         (void)close(fsreadfd);
 488         (void)close(fswritefd);
 489 }
 490
 491 /*
 492  * Print out I/O statistics.
 493  */
 494 void
 495 IOstats(char *what)
 496 {
 497         int i;
 498
 499         if (debug == 0)
 500                 return;
 501         if (diskreads == 0) {
 502                 printf("%s: no I/O\n\n", what);
 503                 return;
 504         }
 505         if (startpass.tv_sec == 0)
 506                 startpass = startprog;
 507         printf("%s: I/O statistics\n", what);
 508         printIOstats();
 509         totaldiskreads += diskreads;
 510         diskreads = 0;
 511         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 512                 timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i]);
 513                 totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
 514                 readtime[i].tv_sec = readtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
 515                 readcnt[i] = 0;
 516         }
 517         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &startpass);
 518 }
 519
 520 void
 521 finalIOstats(void)
 522 {
 523         int i;
 524
 525         if (debug == 0)
 526                 return;
 527         printf("Final I/O statistics\n");
 528         totaldiskreads += diskreads;
 529         diskreads = totaldiskreads;
 530         startpass = startprog;
 531         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 532                 timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i]);
 533                 totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
 534                 readtime[i] = totalreadtime[i];
 535                 readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i];
 536         }
 537         printIOstats();
 538 }
 539
 540 static void printIOstats(void)
 541 {
 542         long long msec, totalmsec;
 543         int i;
 544
 545         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finishpass);
 546         timespecsub(&finishpass, &startpass);
 547         printf("Running time: %jd.%03ld sec\n",
 548                 (intmax_t)finishpass.tv_sec, finishpass.tv_nsec / 1000000);
 549         printf("buffer reads by type:\n");
 550         for (totalmsec = 0, i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++)
 551                 totalmsec += readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 +
 552                     readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
 553         if (totalmsec == 0)
 554                 totalmsec = 1;
 555         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 556                 if (readcnt[i] == 0)
 557                         continue;
 558                 msec =
 559                     readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 + readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
 560                 printf("%21s:%8ld %2ld.%ld%% %4jd.%03ld sec %2lld.%lld%%\n",
 561                     buftype[i], readcnt[i], readcnt[i] * 100 / diskreads,
 562                     (readcnt[i] * 1000 / diskreads) % 10,
 563                     (intmax_t)readtime[i].tv_sec, readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000,
 564                     msec * 100 / totalmsec, (msec * 1000 / totalmsec) % 10);
 565         }
 566         printf("\n");
 567 }
 568
 569 int
 570 blread(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 571 {
 572         char *cp;
 573         int i, errs;
 574         off_t offset;
 575
 576         offset = blk;
 577         offset *= dev_bsize;
 578         if (bkgrdflag)
 579                 slowio_start();
 580         totalreads++;
 581         diskreads++;
 582         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 583                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 584         else if (read(fd, buf, (int)size) == size) {
 585                 if (bkgrdflag)
 586                         slowio_end();
 587                 return (0);
 588         }
 589
 590         /*
 591          * This is handled specially here instead of in rwerror because
 592          * rwerror is used for all sorts of errors, not just true read/write
 593          * errors.  It should be refactored and fixed.
 594          */
 595         if (surrender) {
 596                 pfatal("CANNOT READ_BLK: %ld", (long)blk);
 597                 errx(EEXIT, "ABORTING DUE TO READ ERRORS");
 598         } else
 599                 rwerror("READ BLK", blk);
 600
 601         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 602                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 603         errs = 0;
 604         memset(buf, 0, (size_t)size);
 605         printf("THE FOLLOWING DISK SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ:");
 606         for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += secsize, cp += secsize) {
 607                 if (read(fd, cp, (int)secsize) != secsize) {
 608                         (void)lseek(fd, offset + i + secsize, 0);
 609                         if (secsize != dev_bsize && dev_bsize != 1)
 610                                 printf(" %jd (%jd),",
 611                                     (intmax_t)(blk * dev_bsize + i) / secsize,
 612                                     (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 613                         else
 614                                 printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 615                         errs++;
 616                 }
 617         }
 618         printf("\n");
 619         if (errs)
 620                 resolved = 0;
 621         return (errs);
 622 }
 623
 624 void
 625 blwrite(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, ssize_t size)
 626 {
 627         int i;
 628         char *cp;
 629         off_t offset;
 630
 631         if (fd < 0)
 632                 return;
 633         offset = blk;
 634         offset *= dev_bsize;
 635         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 636                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 637         else if (write(fd, buf, size) == size) {
 638                 fsmodified = 1;
 639                 return;
 640         }
 641         resolved = 0;
 642         rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
 643         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 644                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 645         printf("THE FOLLOWING SECTORS COULD NOT BE WRITTEN:");
 646         for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += dev_bsize, cp += dev_bsize)
 647                 if (write(fd, cp, dev_bsize) != dev_bsize) {
 648                         (void)lseek(fd, offset + i + dev_bsize, 0);
 649                         printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 650                 }
 651         printf("\n");
 652         return;
 653 }
 654
 655 void
 656 blerase(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 657 {
 658         off_t ioarg[2];
 659
 660         if (fd < 0)
 661                 return;
 662         ioarg[0] = blk * dev_bsize;
 663         ioarg[1] = size;
 664         ioctl(fd, DIOCGDELETE, ioarg);
 665         /* we don't really care if we succeed or not */
 666         return;
 667 }
 668
 669 /*
 670  * Fill a contiguous region with all-zeroes.  Note ZEROBUFSIZE is by
 671  * definition a multiple of dev_bsize.
 672  */
 673 void
 674 blzero(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 675 {
 676         static char *zero;
 677         off_t offset, len;
 678
 679         if (fd < 0)
 680                 return;
 681         if (zero == NULL) {
 682                 zero = calloc(ZEROBUFSIZE, 1);
 683                 if (zero == NULL)
 684                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 685         }
 686         offset = blk * dev_bsize;
 687         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 688                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 689         while (size > 0) {
 690                 len = MIN(ZEROBUFSIZE, size);
 691                 if (write(fd, zero, len) != len)
 692                         rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
 693                 blk += len / dev_bsize;
 694                 size -= len;
 695         }
 696 }
 697
 698 /*
 699  * Verify cylinder group's magic number and other parameters.  If the
 700  * test fails, offer an option to rebuild the whole cylinder group.
 701  */
 702 int
 703 check_cgmagic(int cg, struct bufarea *cgbp)
 704 {
 705         struct cg *cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
 706
 707         /*
 708          * Extended cylinder group checks.
 709          */
 710         if (cg_chkmagic(cgp) &&
 711             ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 712               cgp->cg_old_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
 713               cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
 714               cgp->cg_old_ncyl <= sblock.fs_old_cpg) ||
 715              (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 716               cgp->cg_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
 717               cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
 718               cgp->cg_initediblk <= sblock.fs_ipg))) {
 719                 return (1);
 720         }
 721         pfatal("CYLINDER GROUP %d: BAD MAGIC NUMBER", cg);
 722         if (!reply("REBUILD CYLINDER GROUP")) {
 723                 printf("YOU WILL NEED TO RERUN FSCK.\n");
 724                 rerun = 1;
 725                 return (1);
 726         }
 727         /*
 728          * Zero out the cylinder group and then initialize critical fields.
 729          * Bit maps and summaries will be recalculated by later passes.
 730          */
 731         memset(cgp, 0, (size_t)sblock.fs_cgsize);
 732         cgp->cg_magic = CG_MAGIC;
 733         cgp->cg_cgx = cg;
 734         cgp->cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
 735         cgp->cg_initediblk = MIN(sblock.fs_ipg, 2 * INOPB(&sblock));
 736         if (cgbase(&sblock, cg) + sblock.fs_fpg < sblock.fs_size)
 737                 cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_fpg;
 738         else
 739                 cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_size - cgbase(&sblock, cg);
 740         cgp->cg_iusedoff = &cgp->cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&cgp->cg_firstfield);
 741         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
 742                 cgp->cg_niblk = 0;
 743                 cgp->cg_initediblk = 0;
 744                 cgp->cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg;
 745                 cgp->cg_old_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
 746                 cgp->cg_old_btotoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff;
 747                 cgp->cg_old_boff = cgp->cg_old_btotoff +
 748                     sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t);
 749                 cgp->cg_iusedoff = cgp->cg_old_boff +
 750                     sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t);
 751         }
 752         cgp->cg_freeoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT);
 753         cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_freeoff + howmany(sblock.fs_fpg,CHAR_BIT);
 754         if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
 755                 cgp->cg_nclusterblks = cgp->cg_ndblk / sblock.fs_frag;
 756                 cgp->cg_clustersumoff =
 757                     roundup(cgp->cg_nextfreeoff, sizeof(u_int32_t));
 758                 cgp->cg_clustersumoff -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
 759                 cgp->cg_clusteroff = cgp->cg_clustersumoff +
 760                     (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(u_int32_t);
 761                 cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_clusteroff +
 762                     howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT);
 763         }
 764         dirty(cgbp);
 765         return (0);
 766 }
 767
 768 /*
 769  * allocate a data block with the specified number of fragments
 770  */
 771 ufs2_daddr_t
 772 allocblk(long frags)
 773 {
 774         int i, j, k, cg, baseblk;
 775         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 776         struct cg *cgp;
 777
 778         if (frags <= 0 || frags > sblock.fs_frag)
 779                 return (0);
 780         for (i = 0; i < maxfsblock - sblock.fs_frag; i += sblock.fs_frag) {
 781                 for (j = 0; j <= sblock.fs_frag - frags; j++) {
 782                         if (testbmap(i + j))
 783                                 continue;
 784                         for (k = 1; k < frags; k++)
 785                                 if (testbmap(i + j + k))
 786                                         break;
 787                         if (k < frags) {
 788                                 j += k;
 789                                 continue;
 790                         }
 791                         cg = dtog(&sblock, i + j);
 792                         cgbp = cgget(cg);
 793                         cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
 794                         if (!check_cgmagic(cg, cgbp))
 795                                 return (0);
 796                         baseblk = dtogd(&sblock, i + j);
 797                         for (k = 0; k < frags; k++) {
 798                                 setbmap(i + j + k);
 799                                 clrbit(cg_blksfree(cgp), baseblk + k);
 800                         }
 801                         n_blks += frags;
 802                         if (frags == sblock.fs_frag)
 803                                 cgp->cg_cs.cs_nbfree--;
 804                         else
 805                                 cgp->cg_cs.cs_nffree -= frags;
 806                         dirty(cgbp);
 807                         return (i + j);
 808                 }
 809         }
 810         return (0);
 811 }
 812
 813 /*
 814  * Free a previously allocated block
 815  */
 816 void
 817 freeblk(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, long frags)
 818 {
 819         struct inodesc idesc;
 820
 821         idesc.id_blkno = blkno;
 822         idesc.id_numfrags = frags;
 823         (void)pass4check(&idesc);
 824 }
 825
 826 /* Slow down IO so as to leave some disk bandwidth for other processes */
 827 void
 828 slowio_start()
 829 {
 830
 831         /* Delay one in every 8 operations */
 832         slowio_pollcnt = (slowio_pollcnt + 1) & 7;
 833         if (slowio_pollcnt == 0) {
 834                 gettimeofday(&slowio_starttime, NULL);
 835         }
 836 }
 837
 838 void
 839 slowio_end()
 840 {
 841         struct timeval tv;
 842         int delay_usec;
 843
 844         if (slowio_pollcnt != 0)
 845                 return;
 846
 847         /* Update the slowdown interval. */
 848         gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 849         delay_usec = (tv.tv_sec - slowio_starttime.tv_sec) * 1000000 +
 850             (tv.tv_usec - slowio_starttime.tv_usec);
 851         if (delay_usec < 64)
 852                 delay_usec = 64;
 853         if (delay_usec > 2500000)
 854                 delay_usec = 2500000;
 855         slowio_delay_usec = (slowio_delay_usec * 63 + delay_usec) >> 6;
 856         /* delay by 8 times the average IO delay */
 857         if (slowio_delay_usec > 64)
 858                 usleep(slowio_delay_usec * 8);
 859 }
 860
 861 /*
 862  * Find a pathname
 863  */
 864 void
 865 getpathname(char *namebuf, ino_t curdir, ino_t ino)
 866 {
 867         int len;
 868         char *cp;
 869         struct inodesc idesc;
 870         static int busy = 0;
 871
 872         if (curdir == ino && ino == UFS_ROOTINO) {
 873                 (void)strcpy(namebuf, "/");
 874                 return;
 875         }
 876         if (busy || !INO_IS_DVALID(curdir)) {
 877                 (void)strcpy(namebuf, "?");
 878                 return;
 879         }
 880         busy = 1;
 881         memset(&idesc, 0, sizeof(struct inodesc));
 882         idesc.id_type = DATA;
 883         idesc.id_fix = IGNORE;
 884         cp = &namebuf[MAXPATHLEN - 1];
 885         *cp = '\0';
 886         if (curdir != ino) {
 887                 idesc.id_parent = curdir;
 888                 goto namelookup;
 889         }
 890         while (ino != UFS_ROOTINO) {
 891                 idesc.id_number = ino;
 892                 idesc.id_func = findino;
 893                 idesc.id_name = strdup("..");
 894                 if ((ckinode(ginode(ino), &idesc) & FOUND) == 0)
 895                         break;
 896         namelookup:
 897                 idesc.id_number = idesc.id_parent;
 898                 idesc.id_parent = ino;
 899                 idesc.id_func = findname;
 900                 idesc.id_name = namebuf;
 901                 if ((ckinode(ginode(idesc.id_number), &idesc)&FOUND) == 0)
 902                         break;
 903                 len = strlen(namebuf);
 904                 cp -= len;
 905                 memmove(cp, namebuf, (size_t)len);
 906                 *--cp = '/';
 907                 if (cp < &namebuf[UFS_MAXNAMLEN])
 908                         break;
 909                 ino = idesc.id_number;
 910         }
 911         busy = 0;
 912         if (ino != UFS_ROOTINO)
 913                 *--cp = '?';
 914         memmove(namebuf, cp, (size_t)(&namebuf[MAXPATHLEN] - cp));
 915 }
 916
 917 void
 918 catch(int sig __unused)
 919 {
 920
 921         ckfini(0);
 922         exit(12);
 923 }
 924
 925 /*
 926  * When preening, allow a single quit to signal
 927  * a special exit after file system checks complete
 928  * so that reboot sequence may be interrupted.
 929  */
 930 void
 931 catchquit(int sig __unused)
 932 {
 933         printf("returning to single-user after file system check\n");
 934         returntosingle = 1;
 935         (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
 936 }
 937
 938 /*
 939  * determine whether an inode should be fixed.
 940  */
 941 int
 942 dofix(struct inodesc *idesc, const char *msg)
 943 {
 944
 945         switch (idesc->id_fix) {
 946
 947         case DONTKNOW:
 948                 if (idesc->id_type == DATA)
 949                         direrror(idesc->id_number, msg);
 950                 else
 951                         pwarn("%s", msg);
 952                 if (preen) {
 953                         printf(" (SALVAGED)\n");
 954                         idesc->id_fix = FIX;
 955                         return (ALTERED);
 956                 }
 957                 if (reply("SALVAGE") == 0) {
 958                         idesc->id_fix = NOFIX;
 959                         return (0);
 960                 }
 961                 idesc->id_fix = FIX;
 962                 return (ALTERED);
 963
 964         case FIX:
 965                 return (ALTERED);
 966
 967         case NOFIX:
 968         case IGNORE:
 969                 return (0);
 970
 971         default:
 972                 errx(EEXIT, "UNKNOWN INODESC FIX MODE %d", idesc->id_fix);
 973         }
 974         /* NOTREACHED */
 975         return (0);
 976 }
 977
 978 #include <stdarg.h>
 979
 980 /*
 981  * An unexpected inconsistency occurred.
 982  * Die if preening or file system is running with soft dependency protocol,
 983  * otherwise just print message and continue.
 984  */
 985 void
 986 pfatal(const char *fmt, ...)
 987 {
 988         va_list ap;
 989         va_start(ap, fmt);
 990         if (!preen) {
 991                 (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
 992                 va_end(ap);
 993                 if (usedsoftdep)
 994                         (void)fprintf(stdout,
 995                             "\nUNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY\n");
 996                 /*
 997                  * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
 998                  */
 999                 if (bkgrdflag) {
1000                         cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
1001                         cmd.size = 1;
1002                         if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
1003                             &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
1004                                 pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
1005                         fprintf(stdout, "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
1006                         ckfini(0);
1007                         exit(EEXIT);
1008                 }
1009                 return;
1010         }
1011         if (cdevname == NULL)
1012                 cdevname = strdup("fsck");
1013         (void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
1014         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1015         (void)fprintf(stdout,
1016             "\n%s: UNEXPECTED%sINCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.\n",
1017             cdevname, usedsoftdep ? " SOFT UPDATE " : " ");
1018         /*
1019          * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
1020          */
1021         if (bkgrdflag) {
1022                 cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
1023                 cmd.size = 1;
1024                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
1025                     &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
1026                         pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
1027         }
1028         ckfini(0);
1029         exit(EEXIT);
1030 }
1031
1032 /*
1033  * Pwarn just prints a message when not preening or running soft dependency
1034  * protocol, or a warning (preceded by filename) when preening.
1035  */
1036 void
1037 pwarn(const char *fmt, ...)
1038 {
1039         va_list ap;
1040         va_start(ap, fmt);
1041         if (preen)
1042                 (void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
1043         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1044         va_end(ap);
1045 }
1046
1047 /*
1048  * Stub for routines from kernel.
1049  */
1050 void
1051 panic(const char *fmt, ...)
1052 {
1053         va_list ap;
1054         va_start(ap, fmt);
1055         pfatal("INTERNAL INCONSISTENCY:");
1056         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1057         va_end(ap);
1058         exit(EEXIT);
1059 }