sbin/fsck_ffs/fsutil.c

   1 /*-
   2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  17  *    without specific prior written permission.
  18  *
  19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  30  */
  31
  32 #if 0
  33 #ifndef lint
  34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)utilities.c   8.6 (Berkeley) 5/19/95";
  35 #endif /* not lint */
  36 #endif
  37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  39
  40 #include <sys/param.h>
  41 #include <sys/time.h>
  42 #include <sys/types.h>
  43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  44 #include <sys/disk.h>
  45 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
  46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  47 #include <sys/stat.h>
  48
  49 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
  50 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
  51 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
  52
  53 #include <err.h>
  54 #include <errno.h>
  55 #include <string.h>
  56 #include <ctype.h>
  57 #include <fstab.h>
  58 #include <stdint.h>
  59 #include <stdio.h>
  60 #include <stdlib.h>
  61 #include <time.h>
  62 #include <unistd.h>
  63 #include <libufs.h>
  64
  65 #include "fsck.h"
  66
  67 static void slowio_start(void);
  68 static void slowio_end(void);
  69 static void printIOstats(void);
  70
  71 static long diskreads, totaldiskreads, totalreads; /* Disk cache statistics */
  72 static struct timespec startpass, finishpass;
  73 struct timeval slowio_starttime;
  74 int slowio_delay_usec = 10000;  /* Initial IO delay for background fsck */
  75 int slowio_pollcnt;
  76 static struct bufarea cgblk;    /* backup buffer for cylinder group blocks */
  77 static TAILQ_HEAD(buflist, bufarea) bufhead;    /* head of buffer cache list */
  78 static int numbufs;                             /* size of buffer cache */
  79 static char *buftype[BT_NUMBUFTYPES] = BT_NAMES;
  80 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;  /* header for cylinder group cache */
  81 static int flushtries;          /* number of tries to reclaim memory */
  82
  83 void
  84 fsutilinit(void)
  85 {
  86         diskreads = totaldiskreads = totalreads = 0;
  87         bzero(&startpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
  88         bzero(&finishpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
  89         bzero(&slowio_starttime, sizeof(struct timeval));
  90         slowio_delay_usec = 10000;
  91         slowio_pollcnt = 0;
  92         bzero(&cgblk, sizeof(struct bufarea));
  93         TAILQ_INIT(&bufhead);
  94         numbufs = 0;
  95         /* buftype ? */
  96         cgbufs = NULL;
  97         flushtries = 0;
  98 }
  99
 100 int
 101 ftypeok(union dinode *dp)
 102 {
 103         switch (DIP(dp, di_mode) & IFMT) {
 104
 105         case IFDIR:
 106         case IFREG:
 107         case IFBLK:
 108         case IFCHR:
 109         case IFLNK:
 110         case IFSOCK:
 111         case IFIFO:
 112                 return (1);
 113
 114         default:
 115                 if (debug)
 116                         printf("bad file type 0%o\n", DIP(dp, di_mode));
 117                 return (0);
 118         }
 119 }
 120
 121 int
 122 reply(const char *question)
 123 {
 124         int persevere;
 125         char c;
 126
 127         if (preen)
 128                 pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: GOT TO reply()");
 129         persevere = !strcmp(question, "CONTINUE");
 130         printf("\n");
 131         if (!persevere && (nflag || (fswritefd < 0 && bkgrdflag == 0))) {
 132                 printf("%s? no\n\n", question);
 133                 resolved = 0;
 134                 return (0);
 135         }
 136         if (yflag || (persevere && nflag)) {
 137                 printf("%s? yes\n\n", question);
 138                 return (1);
 139         }
 140         do      {
 141                 printf("%s? [yn] ", question);
 142                 (void) fflush(stdout);
 143                 c = getc(stdin);
 144                 while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n') {
 145                         if (feof(stdin)) {
 146                                 resolved = 0;
 147                                 return (0);
 148                         }
 149                 }
 150         } while (c != 'y' && c != 'Y' && c != 'n' && c != 'N');
 151         printf("\n");
 152         if (c == 'y' || c == 'Y')
 153                 return (1);
 154         resolved = 0;
 155         return (0);
 156 }
 157
 158 /*
 159  * Look up state information for an inode.
 160  */
 161 struct inostat *
 162 inoinfo(ino_t inum)
 163 {
 164         static struct inostat unallocated = { USTATE, 0, 0 };
 165         struct inostatlist *ilp;
 166         int iloff;
 167
 168         if (inum > maxino)
 169                 errx(EEXIT, "inoinfo: inumber %ju out of range",
 170                     (uintmax_t)inum);
 171         ilp = &inostathead[inum / sblock.fs_ipg];
 172         iloff = inum % sblock.fs_ipg;
 173         if (iloff >= ilp->il_numalloced)
 174                 return (&unallocated);
 175         return (&ilp->il_stat[iloff]);
 176 }
 177
 178 /*
 179  * Malloc buffers and set up cache.
 180  */
 181 void
 182 bufinit(void)
 183 {
 184         struct bufarea *bp;
 185         long bufcnt, i;
 186         char *bufp;
 187
 188         pbp = pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
 189         bufp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
 190         if (bufp == NULL)
 191                 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 192         cgblk.b_un.b_buf = bufp;
 193         initbarea(&cgblk, BT_CYLGRP);
 194         TAILQ_INIT(&bufhead);
 195         bufcnt = MAXBUFS;
 196         if (bufcnt < MINBUFS)
 197                 bufcnt = MINBUFS;
 198         for (i = 0; i < bufcnt; i++) {
 199                 bp = (struct bufarea *)Malloc(sizeof(struct bufarea));
 200                 bufp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
 201                 if (bp == NULL || bufp == NULL) {
 202                         if (i >= MINBUFS)
 203                                 break;
 204                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 205                 }
 206                 bp->b_un.b_buf = bufp;
 207                 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 208                 initbarea(bp, BT_UNKNOWN);
 209         }
 210         numbufs = i;    /* save number of buffers */
 211         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 212                 readtime[i].tv_sec = totalreadtime[i].tv_sec = 0;
 213                 readtime[i].tv_nsec = totalreadtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
 214                 readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i] = 0;
 215         }
 216 }
 217
 218 /*
 219  * Manage cylinder group buffers.
 220  */
 221 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;  /* header for cylinder group cache */
 222 static int flushtries;          /* number of tries to reclaim memory */
 223
 224 struct bufarea *
 225 cglookup(int cg)
 226 {
 227         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 228         struct cg *cgp;
 229
 230         if (cgbufs == NULL) {
 231                 cgbufs = calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct bufarea));
 232                 if (cgbufs == NULL)
 233                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate cylinder group buffers");
 234         }
 235         cgbp = &cgbufs[cg];
 236         if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg != NULL)
 237                 return (cgbp);
 238         cgp = NULL;
 239         if (flushtries == 0)
 240                 cgp = malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_cgsize);
 241         if (cgp == NULL) {
 242                 getblk(&cgblk, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
 243                 return (&cgblk);
 244         }
 245         cgbp->b_un.b_cg = cgp;
 246         initbarea(cgbp, BT_CYLGRP);
 247         getblk(cgbp, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
 248         return (cgbp);
 249 }
 250
 251 /*
 252  * Attempt to flush a cylinder group cache entry.
 253  * Return whether the flush was successful.
 254  */
 255 int
 256 flushentry(void)
 257 {
 258         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 259
 260         if (flushtries == sblock.fs_ncg || cgbufs == NULL)
 261                 return (0);
 262         cgbp = &cgbufs[flushtries++];
 263         if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg == NULL)
 264                 return (0);
 265         flush(fswritefd, cgbp);
 266         free(cgbp->b_un.b_buf);
 267         cgbp->b_un.b_buf = NULL;
 268         return (1);
 269 }
 270
 271 /*
 272  * Manage a cache of directory blocks.
 273  */
 274 struct bufarea *
 275 getdatablk(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, long size, int type)
 276 {
 277         struct bufarea *bp;
 278
 279         TAILQ_FOREACH(bp, &bufhead, b_list)
 280                 if (bp->b_bno == fsbtodb(&sblock, blkno))
 281                         goto foundit;
 282         TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(bp, &bufhead, buflist, b_list)
 283                 if ((bp->b_flags & B_INUSE) == 0)
 284                         break;
 285         if (bp == NULL)
 286                 errx(EEXIT, "deadlocked buffer pool");
 287         bp->b_type = type;
 288         getblk(bp, blkno, size);
 289         /* fall through */
 290 foundit:
 291         if (debug && bp->b_type != type)
 292                 printf("Buffer type changed from %s to %s\n",
 293                     buftype[bp->b_type], buftype[type]);
 294         TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 295         TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 296         bp->b_flags |= B_INUSE;
 297         return (bp);
 298 }
 299
 300 void
 301 getblk(struct bufarea *bp, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 302 {
 303         ufs2_daddr_t dblk;
 304         struct timespec start, finish;
 305
 306         dblk = fsbtodb(&sblock, blk);
 307         if (bp->b_bno == dblk) {
 308                 totalreads++;
 309         } else {
 310                 flush(fswritefd, bp);
 311                 if (debug) {
 312                         readcnt[bp->b_type]++;
 313                         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &start);
 314                 }
 315                 bp->b_errs = blread(fsreadfd, bp->b_un.b_buf, dblk, size);
 316                 if (debug) {
 317                         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finish);
 318                         timespecsub(&finish, &start, &finish);
 319                         timespecadd(&readtime[bp->b_type], &finish,
 320                             &readtime[bp->b_type]);
 321                 }
 322                 bp->b_bno = dblk;
 323                 bp->b_size = size;
 324         }
 325 }
 326
 327 void
 328 flush(int fd, struct bufarea *bp)
 329 {
 330
 331         if (!bp->b_dirty)
 332                 return;
 333         bp->b_dirty = 0;
 334         if (fswritefd < 0) {
 335                 pfatal("WRITING IN READ_ONLY MODE.\n");
 336                 return;
 337         }
 338         if (bp->b_errs != 0)
 339                 pfatal("WRITING %sZERO'ED BLOCK %lld TO DISK\n",
 340                     (bp->b_errs == bp->b_size / dev_bsize) ? "" : "PARTIALLY ",
 341                     (long long)bp->b_bno);
 342         bp->b_errs = 0;
 343         /*
 344          * Write using the appropriate function.
 345          */
 346         switch (bp->b_type) {
 347         case BT_SUPERBLK:
 348                 if (bp != &sblk)
 349                         pfatal("BUFFER %p DOES NOT MATCH SBLK %p\n",
 350                             bp, &sblk);
 351                 if (sbput(fd, (struct fs *)bp->b_un.b_buf, 0) == 0)
 352                         fsmodified = 1;
 353                 break;
 354         case BT_CYLGRP:
 355                 if (cgput(&disk, (struct cg *)bp->b_un.b_buf) == 0)
 356                         fsmodified = 1;
 357                 break;
 358         default:
 359                 blwrite(fd, bp->b_un.b_buf, bp->b_bno, bp->b_size);
 360                 break;
 361         }
 362 }
 363
 364 void
 365 rwerror(const char *mesg, ufs2_daddr_t blk)
 366 {
 367
 368         if (bkgrdcheck)
 369                 exit(EEXIT);
 370         if (preen == 0)
 371                 printf("\n");
 372         pfatal("CANNOT %s: %ld", mesg, (long)blk);
 373         if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0)
 374                 exit(EEXIT);
 375 }
 376
 377 void
 378 ckfini(int markclean)
 379 {
 380         struct bufarea *bp, *nbp;
 381         int ofsmodified, cnt;
 382
 383         if (bkgrdflag) {
 384                 unlink(snapname);
 385                 if ((!(sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN)) != markclean) {
 386                         cmd.value = FS_UNCLEAN;
 387                         cmd.size = markclean ? -1 : 1;
 388                         if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
 389                             &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
 390                                 rwerror("SET FILE SYSTEM FLAGS", FS_UNCLEAN);
 391                         if (!preen) {
 392                                 printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
 393                                     markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
 394                                 if (!markclean)
 395                                         rerun = 1;
 396                         }
 397                 } else if (!preen && !markclean) {
 398                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
 399                         rerun = 1;
 400                 }
 401         }
 402         if (debug && totalreads > 0)
 403                 printf("cache with %d buffers missed %ld of %ld (%d%%)\n",
 404                     numbufs, totaldiskreads, totalreads,
 405                     (int)(totaldiskreads * 100 / totalreads));
 406         if (fswritefd < 0) {
 407                 (void)close(fsreadfd);
 408                 return;
 409         }
 410         flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 411         if (havesb && cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 412             sblk.b_bno != sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize &&
 413             !preen && reply("UPDATE STANDARD SUPERBLOCK")) {
 414                 /* Change the write destination to standard superblock */
 415                 sblock.fs_sblockactualloc = sblock.fs_sblockloc;
 416                 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize;
 417                 sbdirty();
 418                 flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 419         }
 420         flush(fswritefd, &cgblk);
 421         free(cgblk.b_un.b_buf);
 422         cnt = 0;
 423         TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(bp, &bufhead, buflist, b_list, nbp) {
 424                 TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufhead, bp, b_list);
 425                 cnt++;
 426                 flush(fswritefd, bp);
 427                 free(bp->b_un.b_buf);
 428                 free((char *)bp);
 429         }
 430         if (numbufs != cnt)
 431                 errx(EEXIT, "panic: lost %d buffers", numbufs - cnt);
 432         if (cgbufs != NULL) {
 433                 for (cnt = 0; cnt < sblock.fs_ncg; cnt++) {
 434                         if (cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg == NULL)
 435                                 continue;
 436                         flush(fswritefd, &cgbufs[cnt]);
 437                         free(cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg);
 438                 }
 439                 free(cgbufs);
 440         }
 441         pbp = pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
 442         if (cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_clean != markclean) {
 443                 if ((sblock.fs_clean = markclean) != 0) {
 444                         sblock.fs_flags &= ~(FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK);
 445                         sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0;
 446                         sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0;
 447                 }
 448                 sbdirty();
 449                 ofsmodified = fsmodified;
 450                 flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
 451                 fsmodified = ofsmodified;
 452                 if (!preen) {
 453                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
 454                             markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
 455                         if (!markclean)
 456                                 rerun = 1;
 457                 }
 458         } else if (!preen) {
 459                 if (markclean) {
 460                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM IS CLEAN *****\n");
 461                 } else {
 462                         printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
 463                         rerun = 1;
 464                 }
 465         }
 466         (void)close(fsreadfd);
 467         (void)close(fswritefd);
 468 }
 469
 470 /*
 471  * Print out I/O statistics.
 472  */
 473 void
 474 IOstats(char *what)
 475 {
 476         int i;
 477
 478         if (debug == 0)
 479                 return;
 480         if (diskreads == 0) {
 481                 printf("%s: no I/O\n\n", what);
 482                 return;
 483         }
 484         if (startpass.tv_sec == 0)
 485                 startpass = startprog;
 486         printf("%s: I/O statistics\n", what);
 487         printIOstats();
 488         totaldiskreads += diskreads;
 489         diskreads = 0;
 490         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 491                 timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i], &totalreadtime[i]);
 492                 totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
 493                 readtime[i].tv_sec = readtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
 494                 readcnt[i] = 0;
 495         }
 496         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &startpass);
 497 }
 498
 499 void
 500 finalIOstats(void)
 501 {
 502         int i;
 503
 504         if (debug == 0)
 505                 return;
 506         printf("Final I/O statistics\n");
 507         totaldiskreads += diskreads;
 508         diskreads = totaldiskreads;
 509         startpass = startprog;
 510         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 511                 timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i], &totalreadtime[i]);
 512                 totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
 513                 readtime[i] = totalreadtime[i];
 514                 readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i];
 515         }
 516         printIOstats();
 517 }
 518
 519 static void printIOstats(void)
 520 {
 521         long long msec, totalmsec;
 522         int i;
 523
 524         clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finishpass);
 525         timespecsub(&finishpass, &startpass, &finishpass);
 526         printf("Running time: %jd.%03ld sec\n",
 527                 (intmax_t)finishpass.tv_sec, finishpass.tv_nsec / 1000000);
 528         printf("buffer reads by type:\n");
 529         for (totalmsec = 0, i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++)
 530                 totalmsec += readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 +
 531                     readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
 532         if (totalmsec == 0)
 533                 totalmsec = 1;
 534         for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
 535                 if (readcnt[i] == 0)
 536                         continue;
 537                 msec =
 538                     readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 + readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
 539                 printf("%21s:%8ld %2ld.%ld%% %4jd.%03ld sec %2lld.%lld%%\n",
 540                     buftype[i], readcnt[i], readcnt[i] * 100 / diskreads,
 541                     (readcnt[i] * 1000 / diskreads) % 10,
 542                     (intmax_t)readtime[i].tv_sec, readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000,
 543                     msec * 100 / totalmsec, (msec * 1000 / totalmsec) % 10);
 544         }
 545         printf("\n");
 546 }
 547
 548 int
 549 blread(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 550 {
 551         char *cp;
 552         int i, errs;
 553         off_t offset;
 554
 555         offset = blk;
 556         offset *= dev_bsize;
 557         if (bkgrdflag)
 558                 slowio_start();
 559         totalreads++;
 560         diskreads++;
 561         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 562                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 563         else if (read(fd, buf, (int)size) == size) {
 564                 if (bkgrdflag)
 565                         slowio_end();
 566                 return (0);
 567         }
 568
 569         /*
 570          * This is handled specially here instead of in rwerror because
 571          * rwerror is used for all sorts of errors, not just true read/write
 572          * errors.  It should be refactored and fixed.
 573          */
 574         if (surrender) {
 575                 pfatal("CANNOT READ_BLK: %ld", (long)blk);
 576                 errx(EEXIT, "ABORTING DUE TO READ ERRORS");
 577         } else
 578                 rwerror("READ BLK", blk);
 579
 580         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 581                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 582         errs = 0;
 583         memset(buf, 0, (size_t)size);
 584         printf("THE FOLLOWING DISK SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ:");
 585         for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += secsize, cp += secsize) {
 586                 if (read(fd, cp, (int)secsize) != secsize) {
 587                         (void)lseek(fd, offset + i + secsize, 0);
 588                         if (secsize != dev_bsize && dev_bsize != 1)
 589                                 printf(" %jd (%jd),",
 590                                     (intmax_t)(blk * dev_bsize + i) / secsize,
 591                                     (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 592                         else
 593                                 printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 594                         errs++;
 595                 }
 596         }
 597         printf("\n");
 598         if (errs)
 599                 resolved = 0;
 600         return (errs);
 601 }
 602
 603 void
 604 blwrite(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, ssize_t size)
 605 {
 606         int i;
 607         char *cp;
 608         off_t offset;
 609
 610         if (fd < 0)
 611                 return;
 612         offset = blk;
 613         offset *= dev_bsize;
 614         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 615                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 616         else if (write(fd, buf, size) == size) {
 617                 fsmodified = 1;
 618                 return;
 619         }
 620         resolved = 0;
 621         rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
 622         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 623                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 624         printf("THE FOLLOWING SECTORS COULD NOT BE WRITTEN:");
 625         for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += dev_bsize, cp += dev_bsize)
 626                 if (write(fd, cp, dev_bsize) != dev_bsize) {
 627                         (void)lseek(fd, offset + i + dev_bsize, 0);
 628                         printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
 629                 }
 630         printf("\n");
 631         return;
 632 }
 633
 634 void
 635 blerase(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 636 {
 637         off_t ioarg[2];
 638
 639         if (fd < 0)
 640                 return;
 641         ioarg[0] = blk * dev_bsize;
 642         ioarg[1] = size;
 643         ioctl(fd, DIOCGDELETE, ioarg);
 644         /* we don't really care if we succeed or not */
 645         return;
 646 }
 647
 648 /*
 649  * Fill a contiguous region with all-zeroes.  Note ZEROBUFSIZE is by
 650  * definition a multiple of dev_bsize.
 651  */
 652 void
 653 blzero(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
 654 {
 655         static char *zero;
 656         off_t offset, len;
 657
 658         if (fd < 0)
 659                 return;
 660         if (zero == NULL) {
 661                 zero = calloc(ZEROBUFSIZE, 1);
 662                 if (zero == NULL)
 663                         errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
 664         }
 665         offset = blk * dev_bsize;
 666         if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
 667                 rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
 668         while (size > 0) {
 669                 len = MIN(ZEROBUFSIZE, size);
 670                 if (write(fd, zero, len) != len)
 671                         rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
 672                 blk += len / dev_bsize;
 673                 size -= len;
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 /*
 678  * Verify cylinder group's magic number and other parameters.  If the
 679  * test fails, offer an option to rebuild the whole cylinder group.
 680  */
 681 int
 682 check_cgmagic(int cg, struct bufarea *cgbp)
 683 {
 684         struct cg *cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
 685         static int prevfailcg = -1;
 686
 687         /*
 688          * Extended cylinder group checks.
 689          */
 690         if (cg_chkmagic(cgp) &&
 691             ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 692               cgp->cg_old_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
 693               cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
 694               cgp->cg_old_ncyl <= sblock.fs_old_cpg) ||
 695              (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 696               cgp->cg_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
 697               cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
 698               cgp->cg_initediblk <= sblock.fs_ipg))) {
 699                 return (1);
 700         }
 701         if (prevfailcg == cg)
 702                 return (0);
 703         prevfailcg = cg;
 704         pfatal("CYLINDER GROUP %d: BAD MAGIC NUMBER", cg);
 705         if (!reply("REBUILD CYLINDER GROUP")) {
 706                 printf("YOU WILL NEED TO RERUN FSCK.\n");
 707                 rerun = 1;
 708                 return (1);
 709         }
 710         /*
 711          * Zero out the cylinder group and then initialize critical fields.
 712          * Bit maps and summaries will be recalculated by later passes.
 713          */
 714         memset(cgp, 0, (size_t)sblock.fs_cgsize);
 715         cgp->cg_magic = CG_MAGIC;
 716         cgp->cg_cgx = cg;
 717         cgp->cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
 718         cgp->cg_initediblk = MIN(sblock.fs_ipg, 2 * INOPB(&sblock));
 719         if (cgbase(&sblock, cg) + sblock.fs_fpg < sblock.fs_size)
 720                 cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_fpg;
 721         else
 722                 cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_size - cgbase(&sblock, cg);
 723         cgp->cg_iusedoff = &cgp->cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&cgp->cg_firstfield);
 724         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
 725                 cgp->cg_niblk = 0;
 726                 cgp->cg_initediblk = 0;
 727                 cgp->cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg;
 728                 cgp->cg_old_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
 729                 cgp->cg_old_btotoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff;
 730                 cgp->cg_old_boff = cgp->cg_old_btotoff +
 731                     sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t);
 732                 cgp->cg_iusedoff = cgp->cg_old_boff +
 733                     sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t);
 734         }
 735         cgp->cg_freeoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT);
 736         cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_freeoff + howmany(sblock.fs_fpg,CHAR_BIT);
 737         if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
 738                 cgp->cg_nclusterblks = cgp->cg_ndblk / sblock.fs_frag;
 739                 cgp->cg_clustersumoff =
 740                     roundup(cgp->cg_nextfreeoff, sizeof(u_int32_t));
 741                 cgp->cg_clustersumoff -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
 742                 cgp->cg_clusteroff = cgp->cg_clustersumoff +
 743                     (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(u_int32_t);
 744                 cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_clusteroff +
 745                     howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT);
 746         }
 747         dirty(cgbp);
 748         return (0);
 749 }
 750
 751 /*
 752  * allocate a data block with the specified number of fragments
 753  */
 754 ufs2_daddr_t
 755 allocblk(long frags)
 756 {
 757         int i, j, k, cg, baseblk;
 758         struct bufarea *cgbp;
 759         struct cg *cgp;
 760
 761         if (frags <= 0 || frags > sblock.fs_frag)
 762                 return (0);
 763         for (i = 0; i < maxfsblock - sblock.fs_frag; i += sblock.fs_frag) {
 764                 for (j = 0; j <= sblock.fs_frag - frags; j++) {
 765                         if (testbmap(i + j))
 766                                 continue;
 767                         for (k = 1; k < frags; k++)
 768                                 if (testbmap(i + j + k))
 769                                         break;
 770                         if (k < frags) {
 771                                 j += k;
 772                                 continue;
 773                         }
 774                         cg = dtog(&sblock, i + j);
 775                         cgbp = cglookup(cg);
 776                         cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
 777                         if (!check_cgmagic(cg, cgbp)) {
 778                                 i = (cg + 1) * sblock.fs_fpg - sblock.fs_frag;
 779                                 continue;
 780                         }
 781                         baseblk = dtogd(&sblock, i + j);
 782                         for (k = 0; k < frags; k++) {
 783                                 setbmap(i + j + k);
 784                                 clrbit(cg_blksfree(cgp), baseblk + k);
 785                         }
 786                         n_blks += frags;
 787                         if (frags == sblock.fs_frag)
 788                                 cgp->cg_cs.cs_nbfree--;
 789                         else
 790                                 cgp->cg_cs.cs_nffree -= frags;
 791                         dirty(cgbp);
 792                         return (i + j);
 793                 }
 794         }
 795         return (0);
 796 }
 797
 798 /*
 799  * Free a previously allocated block
 800  */
 801 void
 802 freeblk(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, long frags)
 803 {
 804         struct inodesc idesc;
 805
 806         idesc.id_blkno = blkno;
 807         idesc.id_numfrags = frags;
 808         (void)pass4check(&idesc);
 809 }
 810
 811 /* Slow down IO so as to leave some disk bandwidth for other processes */
 812 void
 813 slowio_start()
 814 {
 815
 816         /* Delay one in every 8 operations */
 817         slowio_pollcnt = (slowio_pollcnt + 1) & 7;
 818         if (slowio_pollcnt == 0) {
 819                 gettimeofday(&slowio_starttime, NULL);
 820         }
 821 }
 822
 823 void
 824 slowio_end()
 825 {
 826         struct timeval tv;
 827         int delay_usec;
 828
 829         if (slowio_pollcnt != 0)
 830                 return;
 831
 832         /* Update the slowdown interval. */
 833         gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
 834         delay_usec = (tv.tv_sec - slowio_starttime.tv_sec) * 1000000 +
 835             (tv.tv_usec - slowio_starttime.tv_usec);
 836         if (delay_usec < 64)
 837                 delay_usec = 64;
 838         if (delay_usec > 2500000)
 839                 delay_usec = 2500000;
 840         slowio_delay_usec = (slowio_delay_usec * 63 + delay_usec) >> 6;
 841         /* delay by 8 times the average IO delay */
 842         if (slowio_delay_usec > 64)
 843                 usleep(slowio_delay_usec * 8);
 844 }
 845
 846 /*
 847  * Find a pathname
 848  */
 849 void
 850 getpathname(char *namebuf, ino_t curdir, ino_t ino)
 851 {
 852         int len;
 853         char *cp;
 854         struct inodesc idesc;
 855         static int busy = 0;
 856
 857         if (curdir == ino && ino == UFS_ROOTINO) {
 858                 (void)strcpy(namebuf, "/");
 859                 return;
 860         }
 861         if (busy || !INO_IS_DVALID(curdir)) {
 862                 (void)strcpy(namebuf, "?");
 863                 return;
 864         }
 865         busy = 1;
 866         memset(&idesc, 0, sizeof(struct inodesc));
 867         idesc.id_type = DATA;
 868         idesc.id_fix = IGNORE;
 869         cp = &namebuf[MAXPATHLEN - 1];
 870         *cp = '\0';
 871         if (curdir != ino) {
 872                 idesc.id_parent = curdir;
 873                 goto namelookup;
 874         }
 875         while (ino != UFS_ROOTINO) {
 876                 idesc.id_number = ino;
 877                 idesc.id_func = findino;
 878                 idesc.id_name = strdup("..");
 879                 if ((ckinode(ginode(ino), &idesc) & FOUND) == 0)
 880                         break;
 881         namelookup:
 882                 idesc.id_number = idesc.id_parent;
 883                 idesc.id_parent = ino;
 884                 idesc.id_func = findname;
 885                 idesc.id_name = namebuf;
 886                 if ((ckinode(ginode(idesc.id_number), &idesc)&FOUND) == 0)
 887                         break;
 888                 len = strlen(namebuf);
 889                 cp -= len;
 890                 memmove(cp, namebuf, (size_t)len);
 891                 *--cp = '/';
 892                 if (cp < &namebuf[UFS_MAXNAMLEN])
 893                         break;
 894                 ino = idesc.id_number;
 895         }
 896         busy = 0;
 897         if (ino != UFS_ROOTINO)
 898                 *--cp = '?';
 899         memmove(namebuf, cp, (size_t)(&namebuf[MAXPATHLEN] - cp));
 900 }
 901
 902 void
 903 catch(int sig __unused)
 904 {
 905
 906         ckfini(0);
 907         exit(12);
 908 }
 909
 910 /*
 911  * When preening, allow a single quit to signal
 912  * a special exit after file system checks complete
 913  * so that reboot sequence may be interrupted.
 914  */
 915 void
 916 catchquit(int sig __unused)
 917 {
 918         printf("returning to single-user after file system check\n");
 919         returntosingle = 1;
 920         (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
 921 }
 922
 923 /*
 924  * determine whether an inode should be fixed.
 925  */
 926 int
 927 dofix(struct inodesc *idesc, const char *msg)
 928 {
 929
 930         switch (idesc->id_fix) {
 931
 932         case DONTKNOW:
 933                 if (idesc->id_type == DATA)
 934                         direrror(idesc->id_number, msg);
 935                 else
 936                         pwarn("%s", msg);
 937                 if (preen) {
 938                         printf(" (SALVAGED)\n");
 939                         idesc->id_fix = FIX;
 940                         return (ALTERED);
 941                 }
 942                 if (reply("SALVAGE") == 0) {
 943                         idesc->id_fix = NOFIX;
 944                         return (0);
 945                 }
 946                 idesc->id_fix = FIX;
 947                 return (ALTERED);
 948
 949         case FIX:
 950                 return (ALTERED);
 951
 952         case NOFIX:
 953         case IGNORE:
 954                 return (0);
 955
 956         default:
 957                 errx(EEXIT, "UNKNOWN INODESC FIX MODE %d", idesc->id_fix);
 958         }
 959         /* NOTREACHED */
 960         return (0);
 961 }
 962
 963 #include <stdarg.h>
 964
 965 /*
 966  * An unexpected inconsistency occurred.
 967  * Die if preening or file system is running with soft dependency protocol,
 968  * otherwise just print message and continue.
 969  */
 970 void
 971 pfatal(const char *fmt, ...)
 972 {
 973         va_list ap;
 974         va_start(ap, fmt);
 975         if (!preen) {
 976                 (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
 977                 va_end(ap);
 978                 if (usedsoftdep)
 979                         (void)fprintf(stdout,
 980                             "\nUNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY\n");
 981                 /*
 982                  * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
 983                  */
 984                 if (bkgrdflag) {
 985                         cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
 986                         cmd.size = 1;
 987                         if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
 988                             &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
 989                                 pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
 990                         fprintf(stdout, "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
 991                         ckfini(0);
 992                         exit(EEXIT);
 993                 }
 994                 return;
 995         }
 996         if (cdevname == NULL)
 997                 cdevname = strdup("fsck");
 998         (void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
 999         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1000         (void)fprintf(stdout,
1001             "\n%s: UNEXPECTED%sINCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.\n",
1002             cdevname, usedsoftdep ? " SOFT UPDATE " : " ");
1003         /*
1004          * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
1005          */
1006         if (bkgrdflag) {
1007                 cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
1008                 cmd.size = 1;
1009                 if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
1010                     &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
1011                         pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
1012         }
1013         ckfini(0);
1014         exit(EEXIT);
1015 }
1016
1017 /*
1018  * Pwarn just prints a message when not preening or running soft dependency
1019  * protocol, or a warning (preceded by filename) when preening.
1020  */
1021 void
1022 pwarn(const char *fmt, ...)
1023 {
1024         va_list ap;
1025         va_start(ap, fmt);
1026         if (preen)
1027                 (void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
1028         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1029         va_end(ap);
1030 }
1031
1032 /*
1033  * Stub for routines from kernel.
1034  */
1035 void
1036 panic(const char *fmt, ...)
1037 {
1038         va_list ap;
1039         va_start(ap, fmt);
1040         pfatal("INTERNAL INCONSISTENCY:");
1041         (void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1042         va_end(ap);
1043         exit(EEXIT);
1044 }