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31 .Dd September 14, 1995
36 .Nd FFS debugging/editing tool
47 (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop
48 allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. You are prompted
49 to enter a command with
53 is the currently selected i-number. The initial selected inode is the
54 root of the filesystem (i-number 2).
55 The command processor uses the
57 library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired.
58 When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked
59 dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system.
61 The following options are available:
62 .Bl -tag -width indent
64 Enable additional debugging output (which comes primarily from
65 .Xr fsck 8 Ns -derived
68 Left for historical reasons and has no meaning.
70 Open the filesystem read/only, and disables all commands that would
78 supports these commands:
80 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
82 Print out the list of accepted commands.
84 .It Cm inode Ar i-number
87 as the new current inode.
90 Revert to the previously current inode.
92 .It Cm clri Ar i-number
100 in the current directory and make its inode the current inode.
102 may be a multi-component name or may begin with slash to indicate that
103 the root inode should be used to start the lookup. If some component
104 along the pathname is not found, the last valid directory encountered is
105 left as the active inode.
106 This command is valid only if the starting inode is a directory.
110 Print out the active inode.
113 Print out the block list of the active inode.
114 Note that the printout can become long for large files, since all
115 indirect block pointers will also be printed.
117 Increment the active inode's link count.
120 Decrement the active inode's link count.
122 .It Cm linkcount Ar number
123 Set the active inode's link count to
127 List the current inode's directory entries. This command is valid only
128 if the current inode is a directory.
134 from the current directory inode. This command is valid only
135 if the current inode is a directory.
137 .It Cm ln Ar ino Ar name
138 Create a link to inode
142 in the current directory inode. This command is valid only
143 if the current inode is a directory.
145 .It Cm chinum Ar dirslot Ar inum
146 Change the i-number in directory entry
151 .It Cm chname Ar dirslot Ar name
152 Change the name in directory entry
156 This command cannot expand a directory entry. You can only rename an
157 entry if the name will fit into the existing directory slot.
159 .It Cm chtype Ar type
160 Change the type of the current inode to
171 Change the mode bits of the current inode to
173 You cannot change the file type with this subcommand; use
177 .It Cm chflags Ar flags
178 Change the file flags of the current inode to
182 Change the owner of the current inode to
186 Change the group of the current inode to
190 Change the generation number of the current inode to
196 Change the modification, change, or access time (respectively) on the
200 should be in the format
201 .Em YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec]
204 is an optional nanosecond specification. If no nanoseconds are specified, the
209 field will be set to zero.
211 .It Cm quit , q , exit , Em <EOF>
220 Manipulation of ``short'' symlinks doesn't work (in particular, don't
221 try changing a symlink's type).
223 You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names.
225 There are a bunch of other things that you might want to do which
230 uses the source code for
232 to implement most of the file system manipulation code. The remainder of
243 Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system