2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20 * without specific prior written permission.
22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36 static const char copyright[] =
37 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
38 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
45 static const char rcsid[] =
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
72 #include <sys/reboot.h>
82 #include <login_cap.h>
86 #include "pathnames.h"
89 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
91 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
92 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
93 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
94 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
95 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
96 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
97 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
98 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
99 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
100 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
102 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
103 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
105 static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
106 static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
107 static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
108 static void disaster(int);
109 static void revoke_ttys(void);
110 static int runshutdown(void);
111 static char *strk(char *);
112 static void runfinal(void);
115 * We really need a recursive typedef...
116 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
117 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
119 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
120 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
122 static state_func_t single_user(void);
123 static state_func_t runcom(void);
124 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
125 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
126 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
127 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
128 static state_func_t death(void);
129 static state_func_t death_single(void);
130 static state_func_t reroot(void);
131 static state_func_t reroot_phase_two(void);
133 static state_func_t run_script(const char *);
135 static enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
139 static int Reboot = FALSE;
140 static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
143 static char *init_path_argv0;
145 static void transition(state_t);
146 static state_t requested_transition;
147 static state_t current_state = death_single;
149 static void execute_script(char *argv[]);
150 static void open_console(void);
151 static const char *get_shell(void);
152 static void replace_init(char *path);
153 static void write_stderr(const char *message);
155 typedef struct init_session {
156 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
157 time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
158 int se_flags; /* status of session */
159 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
160 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
161 #define SE_IFEXISTS 0x4 /* session defined as "onifexists" */
162 #define SE_IFCONSOLE 0x8 /* session defined as "onifconsole" */
163 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
164 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
165 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
166 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
167 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
168 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
169 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
170 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
171 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
172 struct init_session *se_prev;
173 struct init_session *se_next;
176 static void free_session(session_t *);
177 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
178 static session_t *sessions;
180 static char **construct_argv(char *);
181 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
182 static void collect_child(pid_t);
183 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
184 static void transition_handler(int);
185 static void alrm_handler(int);
186 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
187 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
188 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
190 static void setprocresources(const char *);
194 static int start_session_db(void);
195 static void add_session(session_t *);
196 static void del_session(session_t *);
197 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
198 static DB *session_db;
201 * The mother of all processes.
204 main(int argc, char *argv[])
206 state_t initial_transition = runcom;
207 char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
212 /* Dispose of random users. */
214 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
216 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
218 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
219 /* So give them what they want */
221 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
222 char runlevel = *argv[1];
226 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
229 case '1': /* single-user */
232 case '6': /* reboot */
235 case 'c': /* block further logins */
238 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
241 case 'r': /* remount root */
251 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
254 errx(1, "already running");
257 init_path_argv0 = strdup(argv[0]);
258 if (init_path_argv0 == NULL)
262 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
263 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
265 openlog("init", LOG_CONS, LOG_AUTH);
268 * Create an initial session.
270 if (setsid() < 0 && (errno != EPERM || getsid(0) != 1))
271 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
274 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
275 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
277 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
278 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
281 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
282 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
284 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsfr")) != -1)
290 initial_transition = single_user;
293 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
296 initial_transition = reroot_phase_two;
299 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
304 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
307 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
308 * so that they get reset on exec.
310 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
311 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, 0);
312 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
313 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0);
314 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
316 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
317 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
318 SIGALRM, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0);
319 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
320 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
322 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
323 sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, NULL);
324 sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, NULL);
333 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_exec", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
334 replace_init(kenv_value);
335 _exit(0); /* reboot */
338 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
339 state_func_t next_transition;
341 if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != NULL)
342 initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
345 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
346 if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
347 warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
351 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
352 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
353 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
360 root_devno = stst.st_dev;
361 if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
362 warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
363 else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
372 char _fstype[] = "fstype";
373 char _devfs[] = "devfs";
374 char _fspath[] = "fspath";
375 char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
377 iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
378 iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
379 iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
380 iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
381 iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
382 iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
384 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
385 * Be *very* defensive.
387 s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
390 if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
393 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
395 iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
396 iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
403 if (initial_transition != reroot_phase_two) {
405 * Unmount reroot leftovers. This runs after init(8)
406 * gets reexecuted after reroot_phase_two() is done.
408 error = unmount(_PATH_REROOT, MNT_FORCE);
409 if (error != 0 && errno != EINVAL)
410 warning("Cannot unmount %s: %m", _PATH_REROOT);
414 * Start the state machine.
416 transition(initial_transition);
419 * Should never reach here.
425 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
428 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
432 sigset_t mask_everything;
434 va_start(ap, handler);
436 sa.sa_handler = handler;
437 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
439 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
440 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
441 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
442 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
443 sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
449 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
452 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
458 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
459 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
464 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
465 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
466 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
469 stall(const char *message, ...)
472 va_start(ap, message);
474 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
476 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
480 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
481 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
482 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
485 warning(const char *message, ...)
488 va_start(ap, message);
490 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
495 * Log an emergency message.
496 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
499 emergency(const char *message, ...)
502 va_start(ap, message);
504 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
509 * Catch an unexpected signal.
515 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
516 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
518 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
519 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
523 * Get the security level of the kernel.
526 getsecuritylevel(void)
528 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
529 int name[2], curlevel;
533 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
534 len = sizeof curlevel;
535 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
536 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
547 * Set the security level of the kernel.
550 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
552 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
553 int name[2], curlevel;
555 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
556 if (newlevel == curlevel)
559 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
560 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
562 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
563 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
567 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
574 * Change states in the finite state machine.
575 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
578 transition(state_t s)
583 current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)();
587 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
588 * Only called by children of init after forking.
596 * Try to open /dev/console. Open the device with O_NONBLOCK to
597 * prevent potential blocking on a carrier.
599 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
600 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) != -1) {
601 (void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(fd, F_GETFL) & ~O_NONBLOCK);
602 if (login_tty(fd) == 0)
607 /* No luck. Log output to file if possible. */
608 if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
609 stall("cannot open null device.");
612 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
613 dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
616 fd = open(_PATH_INITLOG, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0644);
618 dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
619 else if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
620 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
623 dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
629 static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
631 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
638 write_stderr(const char *message)
641 write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
645 read_file(const char *path, void **bufp, size_t *bufsizep)
653 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
655 emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
659 error = fstat(fd, &sb);
661 emergency("fstat: %s", strerror(errno));
666 bufsize = sb.st_size;
667 buf = malloc(bufsize);
669 emergency("malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
674 nbytes = read(fd, buf, bufsize);
675 if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) {
676 emergency("read: %s", strerror(errno));
684 emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno));
696 create_file(const char *path, const void *buf, size_t bufsize)
701 fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0700);
703 emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
707 nbytes = write(fd, buf, bufsize);
708 if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) {
709 emergency("write: %s", strerror(errno));
716 emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno));
724 mount_tmpfs(const char *fspath)
732 memset(errmsg, 0, sizeof(errmsg));
733 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype",
734 __DECONST(void *, "tmpfs"), (size_t)-1);
735 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath",
736 __DECONST(void *, fspath), (size_t)-1);
737 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg",
738 errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
740 error = nmount(iov, iovlen, 0);
742 if (*errmsg != '\0') {
743 emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s: %s",
744 fspath, errmsg, strerror(errno));
746 emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s",
747 fspath, strerror(errno));
768 * Make sure nobody can interfere with our scheme.
769 * Ignore ESRCH, which can apparently happen when
770 * there are no processes to kill.
772 error = kill(-1, SIGKILL);
773 if (error != 0 && errno != ESRCH) {
774 emergency("kill(2) failed: %s", strerror(errno));
779 * Copy the init binary into tmpfs, so that we can unmount
780 * the old rootfs without committing suicide.
782 error = read_file(init_path_argv0, &buf, &bufsize);
785 error = mount_tmpfs(_PATH_REROOT);
788 error = create_file(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, buf, bufsize);
793 * Execute the temporary init.
795 execl(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, _PATH_REROOT_INIT, "-r", NULL);
796 emergency("cannot exec %s: %s", _PATH_REROOT_INIT, strerror(errno));
799 emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode");
801 return (state_func_t) single_user;
805 reroot_phase_two(void)
807 char init_path[PATH_MAX], *path, *path_component;
808 size_t init_path_len;
812 * Ask the kernel to mount the new rootfs.
814 error = reboot(RB_REROOT);
816 emergency("RB_REBOOT failed: %s", strerror(errno));
821 * Figure out where the destination init(8) binary is. Note that
822 * the path could be different than what we've started with. Use
823 * the value from kenv, if set, or the one from sysctl otherwise.
824 * The latter defaults to a hardcoded value, but can be overridden
825 * by a build time option.
827 nbytes = kenv(KENV_GET, "init_path", init_path, sizeof(init_path));
829 init_path_len = sizeof(init_path);
830 error = sysctlbyname("kern.init_path",
831 init_path, &init_path_len, NULL, 0);
833 emergency("failed to retrieve kern.init_path: %s",
840 * Repeat the init search logic from sys/kern/init_path.c
842 path_component = init_path;
843 while ((path = strsep(&path_component, ":")) != NULL) {
845 * Execute init(8) from the new rootfs.
847 execl(path, path, NULL);
849 emergency("cannot exec init from %s: %s", init_path, strerror(errno));
852 emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode");
853 return (state_func_t) single_user;
857 * Bring the system up single user.
867 struct timeval tv, tn;
871 static const char banner[] =
872 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
873 char *clear, *password;
880 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
882 /* Run scripts after all processes have been terminated. */
884 if (reboot(howto) == -1) {
885 emergency("reboot(%#x) failed, %s", howto,
887 _exit(1); /* panic and reboot */
889 warning("reboot(%#x) returned", howto);
890 _exit(0); /* panic as well */
895 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
897 * Start the single user session.
903 * Check the root password.
904 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
905 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
907 typ = getttynam("console");
908 pp = getpwnam("root");
909 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
910 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
911 write_stderr(banner);
913 clear = getpass("Password:");
914 if (clear == NULL || *clear == '\0')
916 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
917 explicit_bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
918 if (password != NULL &&
919 strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
921 warning("single-user login failed\n");
933 #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
934 write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
937 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
938 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
941 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
944 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
948 * We catch all the interesting ones,
949 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
952 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
956 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
964 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
965 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
966 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
967 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
973 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
975 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
976 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
978 return (state_func_t) single_user;
981 requested_transition = 0;
983 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
988 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
989 return (state_func_t) single_user;
991 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
992 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
996 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
998 if (requested_transition)
999 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1001 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1002 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
1004 * reboot(8) killed shell?
1006 warning("single user shell terminated.");
1007 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1009 tv.tv_sec += STALL_TIMEOUT;
1010 while (tv.tv_sec > tn.tv_sec || (tv.tv_sec ==
1011 tn.tv_sec && tv.tv_usec > tn.tv_usec)) {
1013 gettimeofday(&tn, NULL);
1017 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
1018 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1022 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
1023 return (state_func_t) runcom;
1027 * Run the system startup script.
1032 state_func_t next_transition;
1034 if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != NULL)
1035 return next_transition;
1037 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
1038 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
1042 execute_script(char *argv[])
1044 struct sigaction sa;
1045 const char *shell, *script;
1048 bzero(&sa, sizeof(sa));
1049 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1050 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1051 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL);
1052 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
1056 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL);
1058 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1062 * Try to directly execute the script first. If it
1063 * fails, try the old method of passing the script path
1064 * to sh(1). Don't complain if it fails because of
1065 * the missing execute bit.
1068 error = access(script, X_OK);
1070 execv(script, argv + 1);
1071 warning("can't exec %s: %m", script);
1072 } else if (errno != EACCES) {
1073 warning("can't access %s: %m", script);
1076 shell = get_shell();
1078 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
1082 * Execute binary, replacing init(8) as PID 1.
1085 replace_init(char *path)
1094 execute_script(argv);
1098 * Run a shell script.
1099 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
1100 * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
1101 * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
1102 * - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
1105 run_script(const char *script)
1112 shell = get_shell();
1114 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1117 char _autoboot[] = "autoboot";
1120 argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
1121 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
1124 execute_script(argv);
1125 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1126 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1130 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
1131 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1133 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1134 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1138 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1140 requested_transition = 0;
1142 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1143 collect_child(wpid);
1145 if (requested_transition == death_single ||
1146 requested_transition == reroot)
1147 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1150 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1151 "single user mode", shell, script);
1152 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1154 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1155 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1160 } while (wpid != pid);
1162 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1163 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1164 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
1172 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1173 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
1174 "user mode", shell, script);
1175 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1178 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
1179 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1181 return (state_func_t) 0;
1185 * Open the session database.
1187 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
1190 start_session_db(void)
1192 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
1193 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
1194 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == NULL) {
1195 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
1203 * Add a new login session.
1206 add_session(session_t *sp)
1211 key.data = &sp->se_process;
1212 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
1214 data.size = sizeof sp;
1216 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
1217 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
1221 * Delete an old login session.
1224 del_session(session_t *sp)
1228 key.data = &sp->se_process;
1229 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
1231 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
1232 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
1236 * Look up a login session by pid.
1239 find_session(pid_t pid)
1246 key.size = sizeof pid;
1247 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
1249 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
1254 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
1257 construct_argv(char *command)
1260 char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
1263 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == NULL) {
1267 while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
1273 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
1276 free_session(session_t *sp)
1278 free(sp->se_device);
1281 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1282 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1284 if (sp->se_window) {
1285 free(sp->se_window);
1286 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1287 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1295 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
1296 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1299 new_session(session_t *sprev, struct ttyent *typ)
1303 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1304 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1308 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1310 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1312 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFEXISTS) != 0)
1313 sp->se_flags |= SE_IFEXISTS;
1315 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFCONSOLE) != 0)
1316 sp->se_flags |= SE_IFCONSOLE;
1318 if (asprintf(&sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name) < 0)
1321 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1327 if (sprev == NULL) {
1331 sprev->se_next = sp;
1332 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1339 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1342 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1347 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1348 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1350 if (asprintf(&sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name) < 0)
1352 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1353 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1354 if (sp->se_getty_argv == NULL) {
1355 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1357 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1358 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1361 if (sp->se_window) {
1362 free(sp->se_window);
1363 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1364 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1366 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1367 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1368 if (typ->ty_window) {
1369 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1370 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1371 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1372 if (sp->se_window_argv == NULL) {
1373 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1375 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1376 free(sp->se_window);
1377 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1383 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1388 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1393 session_t *sp, *snext;
1397 * Destroy any previous session state.
1398 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1400 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1401 snext = sp->se_next;
1405 if (start_session_db())
1406 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1409 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1410 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1412 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1413 if ((snext = new_session(sp, typ)) != NULL)
1418 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1422 * Start a window system running.
1425 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1429 char term[64], *env[2];
1432 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1433 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1435 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1439 waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1443 /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1444 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1445 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1453 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1456 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1459 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1462 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1463 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1464 strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term));
1470 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1471 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1472 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1477 * Start a login session running.
1480 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1484 time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1486 char term[64], *env[2];
1488 if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1489 current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1490 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1498 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1500 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1501 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1509 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1510 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1511 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1514 if (sp->se_window) {
1515 start_window_system(sp);
1520 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1523 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1526 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1527 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1528 strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term));
1533 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1534 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1535 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1540 * Return 1 if the session is defined as "onifexists"
1541 * or "onifconsole" and the device node does not exist.
1544 session_has_no_tty(session_t *sp)
1548 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_IFEXISTS) == 0 &&
1549 (sp->se_flags & SE_IFCONSOLE) == 0)
1552 fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
1554 if (errno == ENOENT)
1564 * Collect exit status for a child.
1565 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1568 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1570 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1575 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1581 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN ||
1582 session_has_no_tty(sp)) {
1583 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1584 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1586 sessions = sp->se_next;
1587 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1588 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1593 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1594 /* serious trouble */
1595 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1599 sp->se_process = pid;
1600 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1605 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1608 transition_handler(int sig)
1613 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1614 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1615 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1619 howto = sig == SIGUSR2 ? RB_POWEROFF : RB_POWERCYCLE;
1625 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1626 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1627 requested_transition = death;
1629 requested_transition = death_single;
1632 if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys ||
1633 current_state == clean_ttys ||
1634 current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia)
1635 requested_transition = catatonia;
1638 requested_transition = reroot;
1641 requested_transition = 0;
1647 * Take the system multiuser.
1655 requested_transition = 0;
1658 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1659 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1660 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1661 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1663 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1664 setsecuritylevel(1);
1666 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1669 if (session_has_no_tty(sp))
1671 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1672 /* serious trouble */
1673 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1676 sp->se_process = pid;
1677 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1681 while (!requested_transition)
1682 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1685 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1689 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1694 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1697 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1700 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1701 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1702 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1704 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1705 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1707 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1708 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1709 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1710 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1714 /* we want this one to live */
1715 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1716 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1717 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1718 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1719 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1722 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1723 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1724 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1725 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1726 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1727 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1729 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1730 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1732 else if ( !old_getty
1733 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1734 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1735 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1736 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1737 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1738 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1739 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1741 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1744 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1755 new_session(sprev, typ);
1761 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1762 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1764 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1765 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1766 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1767 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1771 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1775 * Block further logins.
1782 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1783 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1785 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1792 alrm_handler(int sig)
1800 * Bring the system down to single user.
1808 /* Temporarily block suspend. */
1809 len = sizeof(blocked);
1811 if (sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", &blocked, &len,
1812 &block, sizeof(block)) == -1)
1816 * Also revoke the TTY here. Because runshutdown() may reopen
1817 * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee
1818 * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing
1819 * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured.
1823 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1826 /* Unblock suspend if we blocked it. */
1828 sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", NULL, NULL,
1829 &blocked, sizeof(blocked));
1831 return (state_func_t) death_single;
1835 * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot
1836 * from an incomplete state.
1843 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1845 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1847 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1848 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1849 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1854 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1856 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1858 if (errno == ECHILD)
1859 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1862 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1864 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1872 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1873 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1874 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1875 revoke(sp->se_device);
1880 * Run the system shutdown script.
1882 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1883 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1884 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1886 * >0 some error (exit code)
1893 int shutdowntimeout;
1899 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1900 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1901 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1902 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1904 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1907 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1909 char _reboot[] = "reboot";
1910 char _single[] = "single";
1911 char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1914 argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1915 argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1918 execute_script(argv);
1919 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1923 emergency("can't fork for %s: %m", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1924 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1926 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1930 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1931 if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len,
1932 NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1933 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1934 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1937 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1938 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1941 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1942 collect_child(wpid);
1944 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1945 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1946 warning("timeout expired for %s: %m; going to "
1947 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1953 warning("wait for %s failed: %m; going to "
1954 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1957 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1958 warning("init: %s stopped, restarting\n",
1963 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1965 /* Turn off the alarm */
1968 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1969 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1971 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1972 * wait for the end quietly
1981 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1982 warning("%s terminated abnormally, going to "
1983 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1987 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1988 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
2006 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
2016 while (c && c != '\'')
2018 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
2023 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
2034 setprocresources(const char *cname)
2037 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
2038 setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0,
2040 LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES |
2041 LOGIN_SETLOGINCLASS | LOGIN_SETCPUMASK);
2048 * Run /etc/rc.final to execute scripts after all user processes have been
2055 pid_t other_pid, pid;
2058 /* Avoid any surprises. */
2061 /* rc.final is optional. */
2062 if (stat(_PATH_RUNFINAL, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
2064 if (access(_PATH_RUNFINAL, X_OK) != 0) {
2065 warning("%s exists, but not executable", _PATH_RUNFINAL);
2072 * Reopen stdin/stdout/stderr so that scripts can write to
2076 open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDONLY);
2082 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
2083 signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
2084 execl(_PATH_RUNFINAL, _PATH_RUNFINAL, NULL);
2085 perror("execl(" _PATH_RUNFINAL ") failed");
2089 /* Wait for rc.final script to exit */
2090 while ((other_pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) != pid && other_pid > 0) {