2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 * without specific prior written permission.
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
36 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
43 static const char rcsid[] =
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
69 #include <sys/reboot.h>
79 #include <login_cap.h>
82 #include "pathnames.h"
85 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
87 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
88 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
89 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
90 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
91 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
92 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
93 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
94 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
95 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
96 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
98 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
99 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
101 static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
102 static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
103 static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
104 static void disaster(int);
105 static void badsys(int);
106 static int runshutdown(void);
107 static char *strk(char *);
110 * We really need a recursive typedef...
111 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
112 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
114 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
115 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
117 static state_func_t single_user(void);
118 static state_func_t runcom(void);
119 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
120 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
121 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
122 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
123 static state_func_t death(void);
124 static state_func_t death_single(void);
126 static state_func_t run_script(const char *);
128 static enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
132 static int Reboot = FALSE;
133 static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
137 static void transition(state_t);
138 static state_t requested_transition;
139 static state_t current_state = death_single;
141 static void open_console(void);
142 static const char *get_shell(void);
143 static void write_stderr(const char *message);
145 typedef struct init_session {
146 int se_index; /* index of entry in ttys file */
147 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
148 time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
149 int se_flags; /* status of session */
150 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
151 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
152 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
153 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
154 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
155 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
156 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
157 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
158 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
159 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
160 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
161 struct init_session *se_prev;
162 struct init_session *se_next;
165 static void free_session(session_t *);
166 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, int, struct ttyent *);
167 static session_t *sessions;
169 static char **construct_argv(char *);
170 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
171 static void collect_child(pid_t);
172 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
173 static void transition_handler(int);
174 static void alrm_handler(int);
175 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
176 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
177 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
179 static void setprocresources(const char *);
183 static int start_session_db(void);
184 static void add_session(session_t *);
185 static void del_session(session_t *);
186 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
187 static DB *session_db;
190 * The mother of all processes.
193 main(int argc, char *argv[])
195 state_t initial_transition = runcom;
196 char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
201 /* Dispose of random users. */
203 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
205 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
207 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
208 /* So give them what they want */
210 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
211 char runlevel = *argv[1];
215 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
218 case '1': /* single-user */
221 case '6': /* reboot */
224 case 'c': /* block further logins */
227 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
237 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
240 errx(1, "already running");
243 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
244 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
246 openlog("init", LOG_CONS|LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
249 * Create an initial session.
252 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
255 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
256 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
258 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
259 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
262 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
263 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
265 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf")) != -1)
271 initial_transition = single_user;
274 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
277 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
282 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
285 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
286 * so that they get reset on exec.
288 handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
289 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGXCPU,
291 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGUSR1,
293 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
295 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
296 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM,
297 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
298 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
299 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
301 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
302 sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
303 sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
312 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
313 state_func_t next_transition;
315 if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != 0)
316 initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
319 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
320 if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
321 warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
325 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
326 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
327 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
334 root_devno = stst.st_dev;
335 if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
336 warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
337 else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
346 char _fstype[] = "fstype";
347 char _devfs[] = "devfs";
348 char _fspath[] = "fspath";
349 char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
351 iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
352 iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
353 iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
354 iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
355 iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
356 iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
358 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
359 * Be *very* defensive.
361 s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
364 if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
367 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
369 iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
370 iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
378 * Start the state machine.
380 transition(initial_transition);
383 * Should never reach here.
389 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
392 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
396 sigset_t mask_everything;
398 va_start(ap, handler);
400 sa.sa_handler = handler;
401 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
403 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
404 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
405 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
406 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
407 sigaction(sig, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
413 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
416 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
422 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
423 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
428 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
429 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
430 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
433 stall(const char *message, ...)
436 va_start(ap, message);
438 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
440 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
444 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
445 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
446 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
449 warning(const char *message, ...)
452 va_start(ap, message);
454 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
459 * Log an emergency message.
460 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
463 emergency(const char *message, ...)
466 va_start(ap, message);
468 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
473 * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
475 * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
476 * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
481 static int badcount = 0;
489 * Catch an unexpected signal.
495 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
496 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
498 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
499 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
503 * Get the security level of the kernel.
506 getsecuritylevel(void)
508 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
509 int name[2], curlevel;
513 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
514 len = sizeof curlevel;
515 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
516 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
527 * Set the security level of the kernel.
530 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
532 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
533 int name[2], curlevel;
535 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
536 if (newlevel == curlevel)
539 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
540 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
542 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
543 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
547 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
554 * Change states in the finite state machine.
555 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
558 transition(state_t s)
563 current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)();
567 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
568 * Only called by children of init after forking.
576 * Try to open /dev/console. Open the device with O_NONBLOCK to
577 * prevent potential blocking on a carrier.
579 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
580 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) != -1) {
581 (void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(fd, F_GETFL) & ~O_NONBLOCK);
582 if (login_tty(fd) == 0)
587 /* No luck. Log output to file if possible. */
588 if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
589 stall("cannot open null device.");
592 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
593 dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
596 fd = open(_PATH_INITLOG, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0644);
598 dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
599 else if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
600 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
603 dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
609 static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
611 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
618 write_stderr(const char *message)
621 write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
625 * Bring the system up single user.
638 static const char banner[] =
639 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
640 char *clear, *password;
647 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
655 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
657 * Start the single user session.
663 * Check the root password.
664 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
665 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
667 typ = getttynam("console");
668 pp = getpwnam("root");
669 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
670 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
671 write_stderr(banner);
673 clear = getpass("Password:");
674 if (clear == 0 || *clear == '\0')
676 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
677 bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
678 if (password == NULL ||
679 strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
681 warning("single-user login failed\n");
693 #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
694 write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
697 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
698 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
701 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
704 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
708 * We catch all the interesting ones,
709 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
712 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
716 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
724 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
725 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
726 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
727 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
733 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
735 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
736 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
738 return (state_func_t) single_user;
741 requested_transition = 0;
743 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
748 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
749 return (state_func_t) single_user;
751 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
752 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
756 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
758 if (requested_transition)
759 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
761 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
762 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
764 * reboot(8) killed shell?
766 warning("single user shell terminated.");
767 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
770 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
771 return (state_func_t) single_user;
775 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
776 return (state_func_t) runcom;
780 * Run the system startup script.
785 state_func_t next_transition;
787 if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != 0)
788 return next_transition;
790 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
791 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
795 * Run a shell script.
796 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
797 * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
798 * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
799 * - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
802 run_script(const char *script)
812 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
813 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
815 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
816 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
817 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
822 char _autoboot[] = "autoboot";
825 argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
826 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
829 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
832 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
835 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
836 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
840 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
841 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
843 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
844 return (state_func_t) single_user;
848 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
850 requested_transition = 0;
852 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
855 if (requested_transition == death_single)
856 return (state_func_t) death_single;
859 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
860 "single user mode", shell, script);
861 return (state_func_t) single_user;
863 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
864 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
869 } while (wpid != pid);
871 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
872 requested_transition == catatonia) {
873 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
881 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
882 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
883 "user mode", shell, script);
884 return (state_func_t) single_user;
887 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
888 return (state_func_t) single_user;
890 return (state_func_t) 0;
894 * Open the session database.
896 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
899 start_session_db(void)
901 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
902 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
903 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == 0) {
904 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
912 * Add a new login session.
915 add_session(session_t *sp)
920 key.data = &sp->se_process;
921 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
923 data.size = sizeof sp;
925 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
926 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
930 * Delete an old login session.
933 del_session(session_t *sp)
937 key.data = &sp->se_process;
938 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
940 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
941 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
945 * Look up a login session by pid.
948 find_session(pid_t pid)
955 key.size = sizeof pid;
956 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
958 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
963 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
966 construct_argv(char *command)
969 char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
972 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == 0) {
976 while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
982 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
985 free_session(session_t *sp)
990 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
991 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
995 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
996 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1004 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
1005 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1008 new_session(session_t *sprev, int session_index, struct ttyent *typ)
1013 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1014 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1018 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1020 sp->se_index = session_index;
1021 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1023 sp->se_device = malloc(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(typ->ty_name));
1024 sprintf(sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name);
1027 * Attempt to open the device, if we get "device not configured"
1028 * then don't add the device to the session list.
1030 if ((fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
1031 if (errno == ENXIO) {
1038 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1048 sprev->se_next = sp;
1049 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1056 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1059 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1064 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1065 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1067 sp->se_getty = malloc(strlen(typ->ty_getty) + strlen(typ->ty_name) + 2);
1068 sprintf(sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name);
1069 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1070 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1071 if (sp->se_getty_argv == 0) {
1072 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1074 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1075 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1078 if (sp->se_window) {
1079 free(sp->se_window);
1080 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1081 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1083 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1084 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1085 if (typ->ty_window) {
1086 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1087 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1088 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1089 if (sp->se_window_argv == 0) {
1090 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1092 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1093 free(sp->se_window);
1094 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1100 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1105 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1110 int session_index = 0;
1111 session_t *sp, *snext;
1115 * Destroy any previous session state.
1116 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1118 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1119 snext = sp->se_next;
1123 if (start_session_db())
1124 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1127 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1128 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1130 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1131 if ((snext = new_session(sp, ++session_index, typ)) != NULL)
1136 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1140 * Start a window system running.
1143 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1147 char term[64], *env[2];
1150 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1151 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1153 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1157 waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1161 /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1162 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1163 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1171 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1174 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1177 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1180 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1181 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1182 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1188 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1189 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1190 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1195 * Start a login session running.
1198 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1202 time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1204 char term[64], *env[2];
1206 if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1207 current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1208 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1216 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1218 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1219 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1227 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1228 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1229 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1232 if (sp->se_window) {
1233 start_window_system(sp);
1238 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1241 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1244 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1245 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1246 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1251 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1252 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1253 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1258 * Collect exit status for a child.
1259 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1262 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1264 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1269 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1275 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN) {
1276 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1277 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1279 sessions = sp->se_next;
1280 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1281 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1286 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1287 /* serious trouble */
1288 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1292 sp->se_process = pid;
1293 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1298 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1301 transition_handler(int sig)
1306 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1307 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1308 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1311 howto = RB_POWEROFF;
1317 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1318 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1319 requested_transition = death;
1321 requested_transition = death_single;
1324 if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys ||
1325 current_state == clean_ttys ||
1326 current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia)
1327 requested_transition = catatonia;
1330 requested_transition = 0;
1336 * Take the system multiuser.
1344 requested_transition = 0;
1347 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1348 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1349 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1350 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1352 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1353 setsecuritylevel(1);
1355 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1358 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1359 /* serious trouble */
1360 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1363 sp->se_process = pid;
1364 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1368 while (!requested_transition)
1369 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1372 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1376 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1381 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1383 int session_index = 0;
1385 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1388 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1389 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1390 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1392 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1393 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1395 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1396 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1399 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1400 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1404 /* we want this one to live */
1405 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1406 if (sp->se_index != session_index) {
1407 warning("port %s changed utmp index from %d to %d",
1408 sp->se_device, sp->se_index,
1410 sp->se_index = session_index;
1412 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1413 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1414 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1415 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1418 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1419 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1420 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1421 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1422 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1423 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1425 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1426 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1428 else if ( !old_getty
1429 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1430 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1431 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1432 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1433 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1434 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1435 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1437 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1440 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1451 new_session(sprev, session_index, typ);
1457 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1458 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1460 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1461 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1462 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1463 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1467 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1471 * Block further logins.
1478 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1479 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1481 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1488 alrm_handler(int sig)
1496 * Bring the system down to single user.
1504 * Also revoke the TTY here. Because runshutdown() may reopen
1505 * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee
1506 * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing
1507 * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured.
1509 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1510 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1511 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1512 revoke(sp->se_device);
1515 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1518 return (state_func_t) death_single;
1522 * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot
1523 * from an incomplete state.
1530 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1532 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1534 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1535 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1536 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1541 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1543 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1545 if (errno == ECHILD)
1546 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1549 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1551 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1555 * Run the system shutdown script.
1557 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1558 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1559 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1561 * >0 some error (exit code)
1568 int shutdowntimeout;
1572 struct sigaction sa;
1576 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1577 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1578 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1579 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1581 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1584 shell = get_shell();
1586 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1587 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1589 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1590 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1591 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1596 char _reboot[] = "reboot";
1597 char _single[] = "single";
1598 char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1601 argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1602 argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1605 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1608 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1611 warning("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1612 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1616 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1617 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1619 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1623 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1624 if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len,
1625 NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1626 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1627 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1630 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1631 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1634 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1635 collect_child(wpid);
1637 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1638 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1639 warning("timeout expired for %s on %s: %m; going to "
1640 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1646 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1647 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1650 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1651 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1652 shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1656 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1658 /* Turn off the alarm */
1661 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1662 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1664 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1665 * wait for the end quietly
1674 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1675 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to "
1676 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1680 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1681 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1699 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
1709 while (c && c != '\'')
1711 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
1716 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
1727 setprocresources(const char *cname)
1730 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
1731 setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0,
1732 LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES |
1733 LOGIN_SETLOGINCLASS | LOGIN_SETCPUMASK);