2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20 * without specific prior written permission.
22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
36 static const char copyright[] =
37 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
38 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
45 static const char rcsid[] =
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
52 #include <sys/mount.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
72 #include <sys/reboot.h>
82 #include <login_cap.h>
86 #include "pathnames.h"
89 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
91 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
92 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
93 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
94 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
95 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
96 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
97 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
98 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
99 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
100 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
102 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
103 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
105 static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
106 static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
107 static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
108 static void disaster(int);
109 static void badsys(int);
110 static void revoke_ttys(void);
111 static int runshutdown(void);
112 static char *strk(char *);
115 * We really need a recursive typedef...
116 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
117 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
119 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
120 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
122 static state_func_t single_user(void);
123 static state_func_t runcom(void);
124 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
125 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
126 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
127 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
128 static state_func_t death(void);
129 static state_func_t death_single(void);
130 static state_func_t reroot(void);
131 static state_func_t reroot_phase_two(void);
133 static state_func_t run_script(const char *);
135 static enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
139 static int Reboot = FALSE;
140 static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
143 static char *init_path_argv0;
145 static void transition(state_t);
146 static state_t requested_transition;
147 static state_t current_state = death_single;
149 static void execute_script(char *argv[]);
150 static void open_console(void);
151 static const char *get_shell(void);
152 static void write_stderr(const char *message);
154 typedef struct init_session {
155 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
156 time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
157 int se_flags; /* status of session */
158 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
159 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
160 #define SE_IFEXISTS 0x4 /* session defined as "onifexists" */
161 #define SE_IFCONSOLE 0x8 /* session defined as "onifconsole" */
162 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
163 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
164 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
165 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
166 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
167 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
168 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
169 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
170 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
171 struct init_session *se_prev;
172 struct init_session *se_next;
175 static void free_session(session_t *);
176 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
177 static session_t *sessions;
179 static char **construct_argv(char *);
180 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
181 static void collect_child(pid_t);
182 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
183 static void transition_handler(int);
184 static void alrm_handler(int);
185 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
186 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
187 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
189 static void setprocresources(const char *);
193 static int start_session_db(void);
194 static void add_session(session_t *);
195 static void del_session(session_t *);
196 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
197 static DB *session_db;
200 * The mother of all processes.
203 main(int argc, char *argv[])
205 state_t initial_transition = runcom;
206 char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
211 /* Dispose of random users. */
213 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
215 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
217 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
218 /* So give them what they want */
220 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
221 char runlevel = *argv[1];
225 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
228 case '1': /* single-user */
231 case '6': /* reboot */
234 case 'c': /* block further logins */
237 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
240 case 'r': /* remount root */
250 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
253 errx(1, "already running");
256 init_path_argv0 = strdup(argv[0]);
257 if (init_path_argv0 == NULL)
261 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
262 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
264 openlog("init", LOG_CONS, LOG_AUTH);
267 * Create an initial session.
269 if (setsid() < 0 && (errno != EPERM || getsid(0) != 1))
270 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
273 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
274 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
276 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
277 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
280 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
281 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
283 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsfr")) != -1)
289 initial_transition = single_user;
292 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
295 initial_transition = reroot_phase_two;
298 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
303 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
306 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
307 * so that they get reset on exec.
309 handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
310 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGXCPU,
312 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
313 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0);
314 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
316 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
317 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGEMT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
318 SIGALRM, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, SIGWINCH, 0);
319 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
320 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
322 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
323 sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, NULL);
324 sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, NULL);
333 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
334 state_func_t next_transition;
336 if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != NULL)
337 initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
340 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
341 if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
342 warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
346 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
347 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
348 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
355 root_devno = stst.st_dev;
356 if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
357 warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
358 else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
367 char _fstype[] = "fstype";
368 char _devfs[] = "devfs";
369 char _fspath[] = "fspath";
370 char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
372 iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
373 iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
374 iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
375 iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
376 iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
377 iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
379 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
380 * Be *very* defensive.
382 s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
385 if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
388 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
390 iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
391 iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
398 if (initial_transition != reroot_phase_two) {
400 * Unmount reroot leftovers. This runs after init(8)
401 * gets reexecuted after reroot_phase_two() is done.
403 error = unmount(_PATH_REROOT, MNT_FORCE);
404 if (error != 0 && errno != EINVAL)
405 warning("Cannot unmount %s: %m", _PATH_REROOT);
409 * Start the state machine.
411 transition(initial_transition);
414 * Should never reach here.
420 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
423 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
427 sigset_t mask_everything;
429 va_start(ap, handler);
431 sa.sa_handler = handler;
432 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
434 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
435 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
436 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
437 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
438 sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
444 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
447 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
453 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
454 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
459 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
460 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
461 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
464 stall(const char *message, ...)
467 va_start(ap, message);
469 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
471 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
475 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
476 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
477 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
480 warning(const char *message, ...)
483 va_start(ap, message);
485 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
490 * Log an emergency message.
491 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
494 emergency(const char *message, ...)
497 va_start(ap, message);
499 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
504 * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
506 * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
507 * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
512 static int badcount = 0;
520 * Catch an unexpected signal.
526 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
527 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
529 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
530 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
534 * Get the security level of the kernel.
537 getsecuritylevel(void)
539 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
540 int name[2], curlevel;
544 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
545 len = sizeof curlevel;
546 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
547 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
558 * Set the security level of the kernel.
561 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
563 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
564 int name[2], curlevel;
566 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
567 if (newlevel == curlevel)
570 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
571 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
573 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
574 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
578 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
585 * Change states in the finite state machine.
586 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
589 transition(state_t s)
594 current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)();
598 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
599 * Only called by children of init after forking.
607 * Try to open /dev/console. Open the device with O_NONBLOCK to
608 * prevent potential blocking on a carrier.
610 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
611 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR | O_NONBLOCK)) != -1) {
612 (void)fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fcntl(fd, F_GETFL) & ~O_NONBLOCK);
613 if (login_tty(fd) == 0)
618 /* No luck. Log output to file if possible. */
619 if ((fd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
620 stall("cannot open null device.");
623 if (fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
624 dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO);
627 fd = open(_PATH_INITLOG, O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT, 0644);
629 dup2(STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO);
630 else if (fd != STDOUT_FILENO) {
631 dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
634 dup2(STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO);
640 static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
642 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
649 write_stderr(const char *message)
652 write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
656 read_file(const char *path, void **bufp, size_t *bufsizep)
664 fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
666 emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
670 error = fstat(fd, &sb);
672 emergency("fstat: %s", strerror(errno));
677 bufsize = sb.st_size;
678 buf = malloc(bufsize);
680 emergency("malloc: %s", strerror(errno));
685 nbytes = read(fd, buf, bufsize);
686 if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) {
687 emergency("read: %s", strerror(errno));
695 emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno));
707 create_file(const char *path, const void *buf, size_t bufsize)
712 fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0700);
714 emergency("%s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
718 nbytes = write(fd, buf, bufsize);
719 if (nbytes != (ssize_t)bufsize) {
720 emergency("write: %s", strerror(errno));
727 emergency("close: %s", strerror(errno));
735 mount_tmpfs(const char *fspath)
743 memset(errmsg, 0, sizeof(errmsg));
744 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fstype",
745 __DECONST(void *, "tmpfs"), (size_t)-1);
746 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "fspath",
747 __DECONST(void *, fspath), (size_t)-1);
748 build_iovec(&iov, &iovlen, "errmsg",
749 errmsg, sizeof(errmsg));
751 error = nmount(iov, iovlen, 0);
753 if (*errmsg != '\0') {
754 emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s: %s",
755 fspath, errmsg, strerror(errno));
757 emergency("cannot mount tmpfs on %s: %s",
758 fspath, strerror(errno));
779 * Make sure nobody can interfere with our scheme.
780 * Ignore ESRCH, which can apparently happen when
781 * there are no processes to kill.
783 error = kill(-1, SIGKILL);
784 if (error != 0 && errno != ESRCH) {
785 emergency("kill(2) failed: %s", strerror(errno));
790 * Copy the init binary into tmpfs, so that we can unmount
791 * the old rootfs without committing suicide.
793 error = read_file(init_path_argv0, &buf, &bufsize);
796 error = mount_tmpfs(_PATH_REROOT);
799 error = create_file(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, buf, bufsize);
804 * Execute the temporary init.
806 execl(_PATH_REROOT_INIT, _PATH_REROOT_INIT, "-r", NULL);
807 emergency("cannot exec %s: %s", _PATH_REROOT_INIT, strerror(errno));
810 emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode");
812 return (state_func_t) single_user;
816 reroot_phase_two(void)
818 char init_path[PATH_MAX], *path, *path_component;
819 size_t init_path_len;
823 * Ask the kernel to mount the new rootfs.
825 error = reboot(RB_REROOT);
827 emergency("RB_REBOOT failed: %s", strerror(errno));
832 * Figure out where the destination init(8) binary is. Note that
833 * the path could be different than what we've started with. Use
834 * the value from kenv, if set, or the one from sysctl otherwise.
835 * The latter defaults to a hardcoded value, but can be overridden
836 * by a build time option.
838 nbytes = kenv(KENV_GET, "init_path", init_path, sizeof(init_path));
840 init_path_len = sizeof(init_path);
841 error = sysctlbyname("kern.init_path",
842 init_path, &init_path_len, NULL, 0);
844 emergency("failed to retrieve kern.init_path: %s",
851 * Repeat the init search logic from sys/kern/init_path.c
853 path_component = init_path;
854 while ((path = strsep(&path_component, ":")) != NULL) {
856 * Execute init(8) from the new rootfs.
858 execl(path, path, NULL);
860 emergency("cannot exec init from %s: %s", init_path, strerror(errno));
863 emergency("reroot failed; going to single user mode");
864 return (state_func_t) single_user;
868 * Bring the system up single user.
878 struct timeval tv, tn;
882 static const char banner[] =
883 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
884 char *clear, *password;
891 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
893 if (reboot(howto) == -1) {
894 emergency("reboot(%#x) failed, %s", howto,
896 _exit(1); /* panic and reboot */
898 warning("reboot(%#x) returned", howto);
899 _exit(0); /* panic as well */
904 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
906 * Start the single user session.
912 * Check the root password.
913 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
914 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
916 typ = getttynam("console");
917 pp = getpwnam("root");
918 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
919 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
920 write_stderr(banner);
922 clear = getpass("Password:");
923 if (clear == NULL || *clear == '\0')
925 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
926 bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
927 if (password != NULL &&
928 strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
930 warning("single-user login failed\n");
942 #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
943 write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
946 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
947 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
950 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
953 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
957 * We catch all the interesting ones,
958 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
961 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
965 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
973 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
974 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
975 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
976 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
982 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
984 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
985 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
987 return (state_func_t) single_user;
990 requested_transition = 0;
992 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
997 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
998 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1000 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1001 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
1005 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
1007 if (requested_transition)
1008 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1010 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1011 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
1013 * reboot(8) killed shell?
1015 warning("single user shell terminated.");
1016 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1018 tv.tv_sec += STALL_TIMEOUT;
1019 while (tv.tv_sec > tn.tv_sec || (tv.tv_sec ==
1020 tn.tv_sec && tv.tv_usec > tn.tv_usec)) {
1022 gettimeofday(&tn, NULL);
1026 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
1027 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1031 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
1032 return (state_func_t) runcom;
1036 * Run the system startup script.
1041 state_func_t next_transition;
1043 if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != NULL)
1044 return next_transition;
1046 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
1047 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
1051 execute_script(char *argv[])
1053 struct sigaction sa;
1054 const char *shell, *script;
1057 bzero(&sa, sizeof(sa));
1058 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1059 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1060 sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, NULL);
1061 sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, NULL);
1065 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, NULL);
1067 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1071 * Try to directly execute the script first. If it
1072 * fails, try the old method of passing the script path
1073 * to sh(1). Don't complain if it fails because of
1074 * the missing execute bit.
1077 error = access(script, X_OK);
1079 execv(script, argv + 1);
1080 warning("can't exec %s: %m", script);
1081 } else if (errno != EACCES) {
1082 warning("can't access %s: %m", script);
1085 shell = get_shell();
1087 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
1091 * Run a shell script.
1092 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
1093 * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
1094 * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
1095 * - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
1098 run_script(const char *script)
1105 shell = get_shell();
1107 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1110 char _autoboot[] = "autoboot";
1113 argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
1114 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
1117 execute_script(argv);
1118 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1119 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1123 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
1124 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1126 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1127 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1131 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1133 requested_transition = 0;
1135 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1136 collect_child(wpid);
1138 if (requested_transition == death_single ||
1139 requested_transition == reroot)
1140 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1143 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1144 "single user mode", shell, script);
1145 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1147 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1148 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1153 } while (wpid != pid);
1155 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1156 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1157 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
1165 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1166 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
1167 "user mode", shell, script);
1168 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1171 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
1172 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1174 return (state_func_t) 0;
1178 * Open the session database.
1180 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
1183 start_session_db(void)
1185 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
1186 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
1187 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == NULL) {
1188 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
1196 * Add a new login session.
1199 add_session(session_t *sp)
1204 key.data = &sp->se_process;
1205 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
1207 data.size = sizeof sp;
1209 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
1210 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
1214 * Delete an old login session.
1217 del_session(session_t *sp)
1221 key.data = &sp->se_process;
1222 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
1224 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
1225 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
1229 * Look up a login session by pid.
1232 find_session(pid_t pid)
1239 key.size = sizeof pid;
1240 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
1242 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
1247 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
1250 construct_argv(char *command)
1253 char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
1256 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == NULL) {
1260 while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
1266 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
1269 free_session(session_t *sp)
1271 free(sp->se_device);
1274 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1275 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1277 if (sp->se_window) {
1278 free(sp->se_window);
1279 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1280 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1288 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
1289 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1292 new_session(session_t *sprev, struct ttyent *typ)
1296 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1297 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1301 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1303 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1305 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFEXISTS) != 0)
1306 sp->se_flags |= SE_IFEXISTS;
1308 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_IFCONSOLE) != 0)
1309 sp->se_flags |= SE_IFCONSOLE;
1311 if (asprintf(&sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name) < 0)
1314 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1320 if (sprev == NULL) {
1324 sprev->se_next = sp;
1325 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1332 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1335 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1340 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1341 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1343 if (asprintf(&sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name) < 0)
1345 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1346 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1347 if (sp->se_getty_argv == NULL) {
1348 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1350 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1351 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1354 if (sp->se_window) {
1355 free(sp->se_window);
1356 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1357 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1359 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1360 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1361 if (typ->ty_window) {
1362 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1363 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1364 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1365 if (sp->se_window_argv == NULL) {
1366 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1368 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1369 free(sp->se_window);
1370 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1376 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1381 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1386 session_t *sp, *snext;
1390 * Destroy any previous session state.
1391 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1393 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1394 snext = sp->se_next;
1398 if (start_session_db())
1399 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1402 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1403 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1405 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1406 if ((snext = new_session(sp, typ)) != NULL)
1411 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1415 * Start a window system running.
1418 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1422 char term[64], *env[2];
1425 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1426 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1428 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1432 waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1436 /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1437 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1438 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1446 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1449 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1452 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1455 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1456 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1457 strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term));
1463 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1464 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1465 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1470 * Start a login session running.
1473 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1477 time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1479 char term[64], *env[2];
1481 if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1482 current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1483 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1491 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1493 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1494 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1502 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1503 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1504 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1507 if (sp->se_window) {
1508 start_window_system(sp);
1513 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, NULL);
1516 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1519 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1520 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1521 strlcat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term));
1526 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1527 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1528 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1533 * Return 1 if the session is defined as "onifexists"
1534 * or "onifconsole" and the device node does not exist.
1537 session_has_no_tty(session_t *sp)
1541 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_IFEXISTS) == 0 &&
1542 (sp->se_flags & SE_IFCONSOLE) == 0)
1545 fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0);
1547 if (errno == ENOENT)
1557 * Collect exit status for a child.
1558 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1561 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1563 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1568 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1574 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN ||
1575 session_has_no_tty(sp)) {
1576 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1577 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1579 sessions = sp->se_next;
1580 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1581 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1586 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1587 /* serious trouble */
1588 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1592 sp->se_process = pid;
1593 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1598 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1601 transition_handler(int sig)
1606 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1607 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1608 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1612 howto = sig == SIGUSR2 ? RB_POWEROFF : RB_POWERCYCLE;
1618 if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1619 current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1620 requested_transition = death;
1622 requested_transition = death_single;
1625 if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys ||
1626 current_state == clean_ttys ||
1627 current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia)
1628 requested_transition = catatonia;
1631 requested_transition = reroot;
1634 requested_transition = 0;
1640 * Take the system multiuser.
1648 requested_transition = 0;
1651 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1652 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1653 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1654 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1656 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1657 setsecuritylevel(1);
1659 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1662 if (session_has_no_tty(sp))
1664 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1665 /* serious trouble */
1666 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1669 sp->se_process = pid;
1670 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1674 while (!requested_transition)
1675 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1678 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1682 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1687 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1690 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1693 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1694 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1695 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1697 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1698 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1700 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1701 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1702 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1703 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1707 /* we want this one to live */
1708 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1709 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1710 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1711 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1712 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1715 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1716 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1717 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1718 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1719 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1720 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1722 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1723 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1725 else if ( !old_getty
1726 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1727 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1728 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1729 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1730 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1731 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1732 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1734 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1737 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1748 new_session(sprev, typ);
1754 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1755 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1757 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1758 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1759 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1760 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1764 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1768 * Block further logins.
1775 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1776 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1778 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1785 alrm_handler(int sig)
1793 * Bring the system down to single user.
1801 /* Temporarily block suspend. */
1802 len = sizeof(blocked);
1804 if (sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", &blocked, &len,
1805 &block, sizeof(block)) == -1)
1809 * Also revoke the TTY here. Because runshutdown() may reopen
1810 * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee
1811 * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing
1812 * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured.
1816 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1819 /* Unblock suspend if we blocked it. */
1821 sysctlbyname("kern.suspend_blocked", NULL, NULL,
1822 &blocked, sizeof(blocked));
1824 return (state_func_t) death_single;
1828 * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot
1829 * from an incomplete state.
1836 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1838 revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1840 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1841 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1842 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1847 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1849 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1851 if (errno == ECHILD)
1852 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1855 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1857 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1865 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1866 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1867 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1868 revoke(sp->se_device);
1873 * Run the system shutdown script.
1875 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1876 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1877 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1879 * >0 some error (exit code)
1886 int shutdowntimeout;
1892 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1893 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1894 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1895 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1897 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1900 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1902 char _reboot[] = "reboot";
1903 char _single[] = "single";
1904 char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1907 argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1908 argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1911 execute_script(argv);
1912 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1916 emergency("can't fork for %s: %m", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1917 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1919 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1923 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1924 if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len,
1925 NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1926 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1927 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1930 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1931 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1934 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1935 collect_child(wpid);
1937 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1938 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1939 warning("timeout expired for %s: %m; going to "
1940 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1946 warning("wait for %s failed: %m; going to "
1947 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1950 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1951 warning("init: %s stopped, restarting\n",
1956 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1958 /* Turn off the alarm */
1961 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1962 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1964 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1965 * wait for the end quietly
1974 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1975 warning("%s terminated abnormally, going to "
1976 "single user mode", _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1980 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1981 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1999 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
2009 while (c && c != '\'')
2011 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
2016 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
2027 setprocresources(const char *cname)
2030 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
2031 setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0,
2032 LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES |
2033 LOGIN_SETLOGINCLASS | LOGIN_SETCPUMASK);