2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 * without specific prior written permission.
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
36 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
43 static const char rcsid[] =
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
69 #include <sys/reboot.h>
79 #include <login_cap.h>
82 #include "pathnames.h"
85 * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
87 #define GETTY_SPACING 5 /* N secs minimum getty spacing */
88 #define GETTY_SLEEP 30 /* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
89 #define GETTY_NSPACE 3 /* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
90 #define WINDOW_WAIT 3 /* wait N secs after starting window */
91 #define STALL_TIMEOUT 30 /* wait N secs after warning */
92 #define DEATH_WATCH 10 /* wait N secs for procs to die */
93 #define DEATH_SCRIPT 120 /* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
94 #define RESOURCE_RC "daemon"
95 #define RESOURCE_WINDOW "default"
96 #define RESOURCE_GETTY "default"
98 void handle(sig_t, ...);
99 void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
101 void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
102 void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
103 void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
106 int runshutdown(void);
107 static char *strk(char *);
110 * We really need a recursive typedef...
111 * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
112 * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
114 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
115 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
117 state_func_t single_user(void);
118 state_func_t runcom(void);
119 state_func_t read_ttys(void);
120 state_func_t multi_user(void);
121 state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
122 state_func_t catatonia(void);
123 state_func_t death(void);
125 state_func_t run_script(const char *);
127 enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
132 int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
136 void transition(state_t);
137 state_t requested_transition;
139 void setctty(const char *);
140 const char *get_shell(void);
141 void write_stderr(const char *message);
143 typedef struct init_session {
144 int se_index; /* index of entry in ttys file */
145 pid_t se_process; /* controlling process */
146 time_t se_started; /* used to avoid thrashing */
147 int se_flags; /* status of session */
148 #define SE_SHUTDOWN 0x1 /* session won't be restarted */
149 #define SE_PRESENT 0x2 /* session is in /etc/ttys */
150 int se_nspace; /* spacing count */
151 char *se_device; /* filename of port */
152 char *se_getty; /* what to run on that port */
153 char *se_getty_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
154 char **se_getty_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
155 char *se_window; /* window system (started only once) */
156 char *se_window_argv_space; /* pre-parsed argument array space */
157 char **se_window_argv; /* pre-parsed argument array */
158 char *se_type; /* default terminal type */
159 struct init_session *se_prev;
160 struct init_session *se_next;
163 void free_session(session_t *);
164 session_t *new_session(session_t *, int, struct ttyent *);
167 char **construct_argv(char *);
168 void start_window_system(session_t *);
169 void collect_child(pid_t);
170 pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
171 void transition_handler(int);
172 void alrm_handler(int);
173 void setsecuritylevel(int);
174 int getsecuritylevel(void);
175 int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
177 void setprocresources(const char *);
181 void clear_session_logs(session_t *);
183 int start_session_db(void);
184 void add_session(session_t *);
185 void del_session(session_t *);
186 session_t *find_session(pid_t);
190 * The mother of all processes.
193 main(int argc, char *argv[])
195 state_t initial_transition = runcom;
196 char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
202 /* Dispose of random users. */
204 errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
206 /* System V users like to reexec init. */
208 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
209 /* So give them what they want */
211 if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
212 char runlevel = *argv[1];
216 case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
219 case '1': /* single-user */
222 case '6': /* reboot */
225 case 'c': /* block further logins */
228 case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
238 errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
241 errx(1, "already running");
244 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
245 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
247 openlog("init", LOG_CONS|LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
250 * Create an initial session.
253 warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
256 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
257 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
259 if (setlogin("root") < 0)
260 warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
263 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
264 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
266 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf")) != -1)
272 initial_transition = single_user;
275 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
278 warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
283 warning("ignoring excess arguments");
286 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
287 * so that they get reset on exec.
289 handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
290 handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV,
291 SIGBUS, SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, 0);
292 handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP,
293 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
294 handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
296 delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
297 SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM,
298 SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
299 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
300 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
302 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
303 (void) sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
304 (void) sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
313 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
314 state_func_t next_transition;
316 if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != 0)
317 initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
320 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
321 if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
322 warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
326 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
327 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
328 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
335 root_devno = stst.st_dev;
336 if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
337 warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
338 else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
347 char _fstype[] = "fstype";
348 char _devfs[] = "devfs";
349 char _fspath[] = "fspath";
350 char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
352 iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
353 iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
354 iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
355 iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
356 iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
357 iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
359 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
360 * Be *very* defensive.
362 s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
365 if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
368 iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
370 iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
371 iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
379 * Start the state machine.
381 transition(initial_transition);
384 * Should never reach here.
390 * Associate a function with a signal handler.
393 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
397 sigset_t mask_everything;
399 va_start(ap, handler);
401 sa.sa_handler = handler;
402 sigfillset(&mask_everything);
404 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
405 sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
406 /* XXX SA_RESTART? */
407 sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
408 sigaction(sig, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
414 * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
417 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
423 while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
424 sigdelset(maskp, sig);
429 * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
430 * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
431 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
434 stall(const char *message, ...)
437 va_start(ap, message);
439 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
441 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
445 * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
446 * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
447 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
450 warning(const char *message, ...)
453 va_start(ap, message);
455 vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
460 * Log an emergency message.
461 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
464 emergency(const char *message, ...)
467 va_start(ap, message);
469 vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
474 * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
476 * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
477 * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
482 static int badcount = 0;
490 * Catch an unexpected signal.
495 emergency("fatal signal: %s",
496 (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
498 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
499 _exit(sig); /* reboot */
503 * Get the security level of the kernel.
506 getsecuritylevel(void)
508 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
509 int name[2], curlevel;
513 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
514 len = sizeof curlevel;
515 if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
516 emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
527 * Set the security level of the kernel.
530 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
532 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
533 int name[2], curlevel;
535 curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
536 if (newlevel == curlevel)
539 name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
540 if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
542 "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
543 curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
547 warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
554 * Change states in the finite state machine.
555 * The initial state is passed as an argument.
558 transition(state_t s)
561 s = (state_t) (*s)();
565 * Close out the accounting files for a login session.
566 * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
569 clear_session_logs(session_t *sp)
571 char *line = sp->se_device + sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
574 logwtmp(line, "", "");
578 * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
579 * Only called by children of init after forking.
582 setctty(const char *name)
587 if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
588 stall("can't open %s: %m", name);
591 if (login_tty(fd) == -1) {
592 stall("can't get %s for controlling terminal: %m", name);
600 static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
602 if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
609 write_stderr(const char *message)
611 write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
615 * Bring the system up single user.
628 static const char banner[] =
629 "Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
630 char *clear, *password;
637 /* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
647 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
649 * Start the single user session.
651 setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
655 * Check the root password.
656 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
657 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
659 typ = getttynam("console");
660 pp = getpwnam("root");
661 if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
662 pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
663 write_stderr(banner);
665 clear = getpass("Password:");
666 if (clear == 0 || *clear == '\0')
668 password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
669 bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
670 if (strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
672 warning("single-user login failed\n");
684 #define SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
685 write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
688 while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
689 num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
692 if (altshell[0] != '\0')
695 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
699 * We catch all the interesting ones,
700 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
703 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
707 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
715 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
716 execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
717 emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
718 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
724 * We are seriously hosed. Do our best.
726 emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
727 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
729 return (state_func_t) single_user;
732 requested_transition = 0;
734 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
739 warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
740 return (state_func_t) single_user;
742 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
743 warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
747 } while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
749 if (requested_transition)
750 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
752 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
753 if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
755 * reboot(8) killed shell?
757 warning("single user shell terminated.");
758 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
761 warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
762 return (state_func_t) single_user;
766 runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
767 return (state_func_t) runcom;
771 * Run the system startup script.
776 state_func_t next_transition;
778 if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != 0)
779 return next_transition;
781 runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT; /* the default */
782 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
783 logwtmp("~", "reboot", "");
784 return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
788 * Run a shell script.
789 * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
790 * - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
791 * terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
792 * - death if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
795 run_script(const char *script)
805 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
806 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
808 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
809 (void) sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
810 (void) sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
812 setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
815 char _autoboot[] = "autoboot";
818 argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
819 argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
822 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
825 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
828 stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
829 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
833 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
834 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
836 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
837 return (state_func_t) single_user;
841 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
843 requested_transition = 0;
845 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
848 if (requested_transition == death)
849 return (state_func_t) death;
852 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
853 "single user mode", shell, script);
854 return (state_func_t) single_user;
856 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
857 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
862 } while (wpid != pid);
864 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
865 requested_transition == catatonia) {
866 /* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
874 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
875 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
876 "user mode", shell, script);
877 return (state_func_t) single_user;
880 if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
881 return (state_func_t) single_user;
883 return (state_func_t) 0;
887 * Open the session database.
889 * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
892 start_session_db(void)
894 if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
895 emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
896 if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == 0) {
897 emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
905 * Add a new login session.
908 add_session(session_t *sp)
913 key.data = &sp->se_process;
914 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
916 data.size = sizeof sp;
918 if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
919 emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
923 * Delete an old login session.
926 del_session(session_t *sp)
930 key.data = &sp->se_process;
931 key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
933 if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
934 emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
938 * Look up a login session by pid.
941 find_session(pid_t pid)
948 key.size = sizeof pid;
949 if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
951 bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
956 * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
959 construct_argv(char *command)
962 char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
965 if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == 0) {
969 while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
975 * Deallocate a session descriptor.
978 free_session(session_t *sp)
983 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
984 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
988 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
989 free(sp->se_window_argv);
997 * Allocate a new session descriptor.
998 * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
1001 new_session(session_t *sprev, int session_index, struct ttyent *typ)
1006 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1007 typ->ty_name == 0 ||
1011 sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1013 sp->se_index = session_index;
1014 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1016 sp->se_device = malloc(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(typ->ty_name));
1017 (void) sprintf(sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name);
1020 * Attempt to open the device, if we get "device not configured"
1021 * then don't add the device to the session list.
1023 if ((fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
1024 if (errno == ENXIO) {
1031 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1041 sprev->se_next = sp;
1042 sp->se_prev = sprev;
1049 * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1052 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1057 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1058 free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1060 sp->se_getty = malloc(strlen(typ->ty_getty) + strlen(typ->ty_name) + 2);
1061 (void) sprintf(sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name);
1062 sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1063 sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1064 if (sp->se_getty_argv == 0) {
1065 warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1067 free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1068 sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1071 if (sp->se_window) {
1072 free(sp->se_window);
1073 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1074 free(sp->se_window_argv);
1076 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1077 sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1078 if (typ->ty_window) {
1079 sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1080 sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1081 sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1082 if (sp->se_window_argv == 0) {
1083 warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1085 free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1086 free(sp->se_window);
1087 sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1093 sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1098 * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1103 int session_index = 0;
1104 session_t *sp, *snext;
1108 * Destroy any previous session state.
1109 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1111 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1113 clear_session_logs(sp);
1114 snext = sp->se_next;
1118 if (start_session_db())
1119 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1122 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1123 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1125 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1126 if ((snext = new_session(sp, ++session_index, typ)) != NULL)
1131 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1135 * Start a window system running.
1138 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1142 char term[64], *env[2];
1145 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1146 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1148 /* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1153 waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1157 /* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1158 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1159 emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1167 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1170 emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1173 setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1176 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1177 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1178 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1184 execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1185 stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1186 sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1191 * Start a login session running.
1194 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1198 time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1200 char term[64], *env[2];
1202 if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1203 current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1204 if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1212 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1214 if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1215 emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1223 warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1224 sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1225 sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1228 if (sp->se_window) {
1229 start_window_system(sp);
1234 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1237 setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1240 /* Don't use malloc after fork */
1241 strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1242 strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1248 execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1249 stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1250 sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1255 * Collect exit status for a child.
1256 * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1259 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1261 session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1266 if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1269 clear_session_logs(sp);
1273 if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN) {
1274 if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1275 sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1277 sessions = sp->se_next;
1278 if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1279 snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1284 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1285 /* serious trouble */
1286 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1290 sp->se_process = pid;
1291 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1296 * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1299 transition_handler(int sig)
1304 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1307 howto = RB_POWEROFF;
1313 requested_transition = death;
1316 requested_transition = catatonia;
1319 requested_transition = 0;
1325 * Take the system multiuser.
1333 requested_transition = 0;
1336 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1337 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1338 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1339 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1341 if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1342 setsecuritylevel(1);
1344 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1347 if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1348 /* serious trouble */
1349 requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1352 sp->se_process = pid;
1353 sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1357 while (!requested_transition)
1358 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1361 return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1365 * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm. We hope it isn't run often...
1370 session_t *sp, *sprev;
1372 int session_index = 0;
1374 char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1377 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1378 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1379 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1381 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1382 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1384 devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1385 while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1388 for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1389 if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1393 /* we want this one to live */
1394 sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1395 if (sp->se_index != session_index) {
1396 warning("port %s changed utmp index from %d to %d",
1397 sp->se_device, sp->se_index,
1399 sp->se_index = session_index;
1401 if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1402 typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1403 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1404 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1407 sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1408 old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1409 old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1410 old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1411 if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1412 warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1414 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1415 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1417 else if ( !old_getty
1418 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1419 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1420 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1421 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1422 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1423 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1424 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1426 /* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1429 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1440 new_session(sprev, session_index, typ);
1446 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1447 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1449 for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1450 if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1451 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1452 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1456 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1460 * Block further logins.
1467 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1468 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1470 return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1477 alrm_handler(int sig)
1484 * Bring the system down to single user.
1492 static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1494 /* NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking. */
1495 logwtmp("~", "shutdown", "");
1497 for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1498 sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1499 kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1502 /* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1503 (void) runshutdown();
1505 for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1506 if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1507 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1512 if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1514 while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1516 if (errno == ECHILD)
1517 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1520 warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1522 return (state_func_t) single_user;
1526 * Run the system shutdown script.
1528 * Exit codes: XXX I should document more
1529 * -2 shutdown script terminated abnormally
1530 * -1 fatal error - can't run script
1532 * >0 some error (exit code)
1539 int shutdowntimeout;
1543 struct sigaction sa;
1547 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1548 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1549 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1550 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1552 if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1555 shell = get_shell();
1557 if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1560 /* Assume that init already grab console as ctty before */
1562 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1564 sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1565 (void) sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1566 (void) sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1568 if ((fd = open(_PATH_CONSOLE, O_RDWR)) == -1)
1569 warning("can't open %s: %m", _PATH_CONSOLE);
1579 * Run the shutdown script.
1583 char _reboot[] = "reboot";
1584 char _single[] = "single";
1585 char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1588 argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1589 argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1592 sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1595 setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1598 warning("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1599 _exit(1); /* force single user mode */
1603 emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1604 while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1606 sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1610 len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1611 if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout",
1613 &len, NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1614 shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1615 alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1618 * Copied from single_user(). This is a bit paranoid.
1619 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1622 if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1623 collect_child(wpid);
1625 /* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1626 kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1627 warning("timeout expired for %s on %s: %m; going to "
1628 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1634 warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1635 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1638 if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1639 warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1640 shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1644 } while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1646 /* Turn off the alarm */
1649 if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1650 requested_transition == catatonia) {
1652 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1653 * wait for the end quietly
1662 if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1663 warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to "
1664 "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1668 if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1669 warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1687 while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
1697 while (c && c != '\'')
1699 if (!c) /* unterminated string */
1704 while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
1715 setprocresources(const char *cname)
1718 if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
1719 setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0, LOGIN_SETPRIORITY|LOGIN_SETRESOURCES);