sbin/ping/ping.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   6  * Mike Muuss.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  18  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  19  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  22  *    without specific prior written permission.
  23  *
  24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  35  */
  36
  37 #ifndef lint
  38 static const char copyright[] =
  39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
  40         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  41 #endif /* not lint */
  42
  43 #ifndef lint
  44 #if 0
  45 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
  46 #endif
  47 static const char rcsid[] =
  48   "$FreeBSD$";
  49 #endif /* not lint */
  50
  51 /*
  52  *                      P I N G . C
  53  *
  54  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  55  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  56  *
  57  * Author -
  58  *      Mike Muuss
  59  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  60  *      December, 1983
  61  *
  62  * Status -
  63  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  64  * Bugs -
  65  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  66  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  67  */
  68
  69 #include <sys/param.h>          /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
  70
  71 #include <ctype.h>
  72 #include <err.h>
  73 #include <errno.h>
  74 #include <math.h>
  75 #include <netdb.h>
  76 #include <signal.h>
  77 #include <stdio.h>
  78 #include <stdlib.h>
  79 #include <string.h>
  80 #include <sysexits.h>
  81 #include <termios.h>
  82 #include <unistd.h>
  83
  84 #include <sys/socket.h>
  85 #include <sys/time.h>
  86 #include <sys/uio.h>
  87
  88 #include <netinet/in.h>
  89 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  90 #include <netinet/ip.h>
  91 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  92 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  94
  95 #ifdef IPSEC
  96 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h>
  97 #endif /*IPSEC*/
  98
  99 #define PHDR_LEN        sizeof(struct timeval)
 100 #define DEFDATALEN      (64 - PHDR_LEN) /* default data length */
 101 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF   20000           /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
 102                                         /* runs out of buffer space */
 103 #define MAXIPLEN        60
 104 #define MAXICMPLEN      76
 105 #define MAXPACKET       (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */
 106 #define MAXWAIT         10              /* max seconds to wait for response */
 107 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 108 #define NROUTES         9               /* number of record route slots */
 109
 110 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 111 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 112 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 113 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 114 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 115
 116 /* various options */
 117 int options;
 118 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 119 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 120 #define F_NUMERIC       0x0004
 121 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 122 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 123 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 124 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 125 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE  0x0080
 126 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 127 #define F_QUIET2        0x0200
 128 #define F_NOLOOP        0x0400
 129 #define F_MTTL          0x0800
 130 #define F_MIF           0x1000
 131 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x2000
 132 #ifdef IPSEC
 133 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 134 #define F_POLICY        0x4000
 135 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 136 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 137 #define F_TTL           0x8000
 138 #define F_MISSED        0x10000
 139
 140 /*
 141  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 142  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 143  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 144  */
 145 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 128)
 146 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 147 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 148
 149 struct sockaddr_in whereto;     /* who to ping */
 150 int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 151 int s;                          /* socket file descriptor */
 152 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET];
 153 char BSPACE = '\b';             /* characters written for flood */
 154 char BBELL = '\a';              /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
 155 char DOT = '.';
 156 char *hostname;
 157 char *shostname;
 158 int ident;                      /* process id to identify our packets */
 159 int uid;                        /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
 160
 161 /* counters */
 162 long npackets;                  /* max packets to transmit */
 163 long nreceived;                 /* # of packets we got back */
 164 long nrepeats;                  /* number of duplicates */
 165 long ntransmitted;              /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 166 int interval = 1000;            /* interval between packets, ms */
 167
 168 /* timing */
 169 int timing;                     /* flag to do timing */
 170 double tmin = 999999999.0;      /* minimum round trip time */
 171 double tmax = 0.0;              /* maximum round trip time */
 172 double tsum = 0.0;              /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 173 double tsumsq = 0.0;            /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 174
 175 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;  /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
 176 int reset_kerninfo;
 177 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
 178
 179 static void fill(char *, char *);
 180 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int);
 181 static void check_status(void);
 182 static void finish(void) __dead2;
 183 static void pinger(void);
 184 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
 185 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *);
 186 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
 187 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *);
 188 static void pr_retip(struct ip *);
 189 static void status(int);
 190 static void stopit(int);
 191 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
 192 static void usage(void) __dead2;
 193
 194 int
 195 main(argc, argv)
 196         int argc;
 197         char *const *argv;
 198 {
 199         struct timeval last, intvl;
 200         struct hostent *hp;
 201         struct sockaddr_in *to, sin;
 202         struct termios ts;
 203         register int i;
 204         int ch, hold, packlen, preload, sockerrno, almost_done = 0, ttl;
 205         struct in_addr ifaddr;
 206         unsigned char mttl, loop;
 207         u_char *datap, *packet;
 208         char *source = NULL, *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 209         char snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 210         char *ep;
 211         u_long ultmp;
 212 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 213         char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1];       /* record route space */
 214 #endif
 215         struct sigaction si_sa;
 216         struct iovec iov;
 217         struct msghdr msg;
 218         struct sockaddr_in from;
 219         char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))];
 220 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 221         char *policy_in = NULL;
 222         char *policy_out = NULL;
 223 #endif
 224         unsigned long alarmtimeout;
 225
 226         /*
 227          * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
 228          * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
 229          * after arg parsing.
 230          */
 231         s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 232         sockerrno = errno;
 233
 234         setuid(getuid());
 235         uid = getuid();
 236
 237         alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
 238
 239         datap = &outpack[8 + PHDR_LEN];
 240         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
 241                 "AI:LQRS:T:c:adfi:l:m:np:qrs:t:v"
 242 #ifdef IPSEC
 243 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 244                 "P:"
 245 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 246 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 247                 )) != -1)
 248         {
 249                 switch(ch) {
 250                 case 'A':
 251                         options |= F_MISSED;
 252                         break;
 253                 case 'a':
 254                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 255                         break;
 256                 case 'c':
 257                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 258                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp)
 259                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 260                                     "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
 261                                     optarg);
 262                         npackets = ultmp;
 263                         break;
 264                 case 'd':
 265                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 266                         break;
 267                 case 'f':
 268                         if (uid) {
 269                                 errno = EPERM;
 270                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
 271                         }
 272                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 273                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 274                         break;
 275                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 276                         {
 277                             double t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
 278
 279                             if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) {
 280                                     errx(
 281                                             EX_USAGE,
 282                                              "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 283                                              optarg
 284                                     );
 285                             }
 286                             options |= F_INTERVAL;
 287                             interval = (int)t;
 288                             if (uid && interval < 1000) {
 289                                     errno = EPERM;
 290                                     err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
 291                             }
 292                         }
 293                         break;
 294                 case 'I':               /* multicast interface */
 295                         if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
 296                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 297                                      "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
 298                                      optarg);
 299                         options |= F_MIF;
 300                         break;
 301                 case 'l':
 302                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 303                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX)
 304                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 305                                      "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
 306                         if (uid) {
 307                                 errno = EPERM;
 308                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
 309                         }
 310                         preload = ultmp;
 311                         break;
 312                 case 'L':
 313                         options |= F_NOLOOP;
 314                         loop = 0;
 315                         break;
 316                 case 'm':               /* TTL */
 317                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 318                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 319                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'",
 320                                      optarg);
 321                         ttl = ultmp;
 322                         options |= F_TTL;
 323                         break;
 324                 case 'n':
 325                         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 326                         break;
 327                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 328                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 329                         fill((char *)datap, optarg);
 330                                 break;
 331                 case 'Q':
 332                         options |= F_QUIET2;
 333                         break;
 334                 case 'q':
 335                         options |= F_QUIET;
 336                         break;
 337                 case 'R':
 338                         options |= F_RROUTE;
 339                         break;
 340                 case 'r':
 341                         options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
 342                         break;
 343                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 344                         if (uid) {
 345                                 errno = EPERM;
 346                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-s flag");
 347                         }
 348                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 349                         if (ultmp > MAXPACKET)
 350                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %lu",
 351                                      ultmp);
 352                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || !ultmp)
 353                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 354                                      optarg);
 355                         datalen = ultmp;
 356                         break;
 357                 case 'S':
 358                         source = optarg;
 359                         break;
 360                 case 't':
 361                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 362                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 363                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 364                                     optarg);
 365                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 366                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 367                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 368                         alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
 369                         break;
 370                 case 'T':               /* multicast TTL */
 371                         ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 372                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255)
 373                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
 374                                      optarg);
 375                         mttl = ultmp;
 376                         options |= F_MTTL;
 377                         break;
 378                 case 'v':
 379                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 380                         break;
 381 #ifdef IPSEC
 382 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 383                 case 'P':
 384                         options |= F_POLICY;
 385                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
 386                                 policy_in = strdup(optarg);
 387                         else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
 388                                 policy_out = strdup(optarg);
 389                         else
 390                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 391                         break;
 392 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 393 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 394                 default:
 395                         usage();
 396                 }
 397         }
 398
 399         if (argc - optind != 1)
 400                 usage();
 401         target = argv[optind];
 402
 403         if (source) {
 404                 bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin));
 405                 sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
 406                 if (inet_aton(source, &sin.sin_addr) != 0) {
 407                         shostname = source;
 408                 } else {
 409                         hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET);
 410                         if (!hp)
 411                                 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 412                                      source, hstrerror(h_errno));
 413
 414                         sin.sin_len = sizeof sin;
 415                         if (hp->h_length > sizeof(sin.sin_addr))
 416                                 errx(1,"gethostbyname2: illegal address");
 417                         memcpy(&sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
 418                                 sizeof (sin.sin_addr));
 419                         (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
 420                                 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
 421                         snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 422                         shostname = snamebuf;
 423                 }
 424                 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof sin) == -1)
 425                         err(1, "bind");
 426         }
 427
 428         bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
 429         to = &whereto;
 430         to->sin_family = AF_INET;
 431         to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
 432         if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
 433                 hostname = target;
 434         } else {
 435                 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET);
 436                 if (!hp)
 437                         errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 438                              target, hstrerror(h_errno));
 439
 440                 if (hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
 441                         errx(1,"gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
 442                 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
 443                 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
 444                 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 445                 hostname = hnamebuf;
 446         }
 447
 448         if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
 449                 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
 450
 451         if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 452                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 453                      "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
 454         if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
 455             && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 456                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 457                      "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
 458
 459         if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN)        /* can we time transfer */
 460                 timing = 1;
 461         packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN;
 462         if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((size_t)packlen)))
 463                 err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "malloc");
 464
 465         if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
 466                 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
 467                         *datap++ = i;
 468
 469         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 470
 471         if (s < 0) {
 472                 errno = sockerrno;
 473                 err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
 474         }
 475         hold = 1;
 476         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
 477                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 478                     sizeof(hold));
 479         if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
 480                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
 481                     sizeof(hold));
 482 #ifdef IPSEC
 483 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 484         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 485                 char *buf;
 486                 if (policy_in != NULL) {
 487                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
 488                         if (buf == NULL)
 489                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 490                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 491                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 492                                 err(EX_CONFIG, "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 493                         free(buf);
 494                 }
 495
 496                 if (policy_out != NULL) {
 497                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
 498                         if (buf == NULL)
 499                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 500                         if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 501                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 502                                 err(EX_CONFIG, "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 503                         free(buf);
 504                 }
 505         }
 506 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 507 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 508
 509         /* record route option */
 510         if (options & F_RROUTE) {
 511 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 512                 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
 513                 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
 514                 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
 515                 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
 516                 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
 517                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
 518                     sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
 519                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
 520 #else
 521                 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
 522                   "record route not available in this implementation");
 523 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
 524         }
 525
 526         if (options & F_TTL) {
 527                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
 528                     sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
 529                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
 530                 }
 531         }
 532         if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
 533                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
 534                     sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
 535                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 536                 }
 537         }
 538         if (options & F_MTTL) {
 539                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
 540                     sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
 541                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
 542                 }
 543         }
 544         if (options & F_MIF) {
 545                 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
 546                     sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
 547                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
 548                 }
 549         }
 550 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 551         { int on = 1;
 552         if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
 553                 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
 554         }
 555 #endif
 556
 557         /*
 558          * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
 559          * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
 560          * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
 561          * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
 562          * or multicast pings if they wish.
 563          */
 564         hold = 48 * 1024;
 565         (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
 566             sizeof(hold));
 567
 568         if (!uid) {
 569                 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
 570                     sizeof(hold));
 571         }
 572
 573         if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
 574                 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
 575                     inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
 576                 if (source)
 577                         (void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
 578                 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
 579         } else
 580                 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
 581
 582         /*
 583          * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
 584          * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
 585          */
 586
 587         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
 588         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
 589
 590         si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 591         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 592                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
 593         }
 594
 595         si_sa.sa_handler = status;
 596         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 597                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
 598         }
 599
 600         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
 601                 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 602                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
 603                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
 604         }
 605
 606         bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 607         msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
 608         msg.msg_iov = &iov;
 609         msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 610 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 611         msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
 612 #endif
 613         iov.iov_base = packet;
 614         iov.iov_len = packlen;
 615
 616         if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
 617                 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO);
 618                 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO;
 619                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
 620         }
 621
 622         while (preload--)               /* fire off them quickies */
 623                 pinger();
 624
 625         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
 626                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
 627                 intvl.tv_usec = 10000;
 628         } else {
 629                 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 630                 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000;
 631         }
 632
 633         pinger();                       /* send the first ping */
 634         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 635
 636         while (!finish_up) {
 637                 register int cc;
 638                 int n;
 639                 struct timeval timeout, now;
 640                 fd_set rfds;
 641
 642                 check_status();
 643                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
 644                 FD_SET(s, &rfds);
 645                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 646                 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
 647                 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec;
 648                 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) {
 649                         timeout.tv_usec += 1000000;
 650                         timeout.tv_sec--;
 651                 }
 652                 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
 653                         timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000;
 654                         timeout.tv_sec++;
 655                 }
 656                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
 657                         timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0;
 658                 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
 659                 if (n < 0)
 660                         continue;       /* Must be EINTR. */
 661                 if (n == 1) {
 662                         struct timeval *t = 0;
 663 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 664                         struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl;
 665
 666                         msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
 667 #endif
 668                         msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
 669                         if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
 670                                 if (errno == EINTR)
 671                                         continue;
 672                                 warn("recvmsg");
 673                                 continue;
 674                         }
 675 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 676                         if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
 677                             cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
 678                             cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *t)) {
 679                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
 680                                 memcpy(&now,CMSG_DATA(cmsg),sizeof(now));
 681                                 t = &now;
 682                         }
 683 #endif
 684                         if (t == 0) {
 685                                 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
 686                                 t = &now;
 687                         }
 688                         pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, t);
 689                         if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
 690                                 break;
 691                 }
 692                 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
 693                         if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
 694                                 pinger();
 695                         else {
 696                                 if (almost_done)
 697                                         break;
 698                                 almost_done = 1;
 699                                 intvl.tv_usec = 0;
 700                                 if (nreceived) {
 701                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
 702                                         if (!intvl.tv_sec)
 703                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
 704                                 } else
 705                                         intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT;
 706                         }
 707                         (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL);
 708
 709                         if (ntransmitted != nreceived+1 && options & F_MISSED)
 710                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 711                 }
 712         }
 713         finish();
 714         /* NOTREACHED */
 715         exit(0);        /* Make the compiler happy */
 716 }
 717
 718 /*
 719  * stopit --
 720  *      Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
 721  * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
 722  * to be called from a signal handler.
 723  */
 724 void
 725 stopit(sig)
 726         int sig;
 727 {
 728         finish_up = 1;
 729 }
 730
 731 /*
 732  * pinger --
 733  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
 734  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
 735  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
 736  * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in host
 737  * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
 738  */
 739 static void
 740 pinger(void)
 741 {
 742         register struct icmp *icp;
 743         register int cc;
 744         int i;
 745
 746         icp = (struct icmp *)outpack;
 747         icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
 748         icp->icmp_code = 0;
 749         icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
 750         icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted;
 751         icp->icmp_id = ident;                   /* ID */
 752
 753         CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 754
 755         if (timing)
 756                 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8],
 757                     (struct timezone *)NULL);
 758
 759         cc = datalen + PHDR_LEN;                /* skips ICMP portion */
 760
 761         /* compute ICMP checksum here */
 762         icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
 763
 764         i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto,
 765             sizeof(whereto));
 766
 767         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
 768                 if (i < 0) {
 769                         if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
 770                                 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
 771                                 return;
 772                         }
 773                         warn("sendto");
 774                 } else {
 775                         warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
 776                              hostname, i, cc);
 777                 }
 778         }
 779         ntransmitted++;
 780         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
 781                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
 782 }
 783
 784 /*
 785  * pr_pack --
 786  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
 787  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
 788  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
 789  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
 790  */
 791 static void
 792 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv)
 793         char *buf;
 794         int cc;
 795         struct sockaddr_in *from;
 796         struct timeval *tv;
 797 {
 798         register struct icmp *icp;
 799         register u_long l;
 800         register int i, j;
 801         register u_char *cp,*dp;
 802         static int old_rrlen;
 803         static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
 804         struct ip *ip;
 805         struct timeval *tp;
 806         double triptime;
 807         int hlen, dupflag;
 808
 809         /* Check the IP header */
 810         ip = (struct ip *)buf;
 811         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
 812         if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
 813                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
 814                         warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
 815                              inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
 816                 return;
 817         }
 818
 819         /* Now the ICMP part */
 820         cc -= hlen;
 821         icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen);
 822         if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
 823                 if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
 824                         return;                 /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
 825                 ++nreceived;
 826                 triptime = 0.0;
 827                 if (timing) {
 828                         struct timeval tv1;
 829 #ifndef icmp_data
 830                         tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip;
 831 #else
 832                         tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
 833 #endif
 834                         /* Avoid unaligned data: */
 835                         memcpy(&tv1,tp,sizeof(tv1));
 836                         tvsub(tv, &tv1);
 837                         triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
 838                             ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
 839                         tsum += triptime;
 840                         tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
 841                         if (triptime < tmin)
 842                                 tmin = triptime;
 843                         if (triptime > tmax)
 844                                 tmax = triptime;
 845                 }
 846
 847                 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
 848                         ++nrepeats;
 849                         --nreceived;
 850                         dupflag = 1;
 851                 } else {
 852                         SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
 853                         dupflag = 0;
 854                 }
 855
 856                 if (options & F_QUIET)
 857                         return;
 858
 859                 if (options & F_FLOOD)
 860                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
 861                 else {
 862                         (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
 863                            inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
 864                            icp->icmp_seq);
 865                         (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
 866                         if (timing)
 867                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
 868                         if (dupflag)
 869                                 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
 870                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
 871                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
 872                         /* check the data */
 873                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN];
 874                         dp = &outpack[8 + PHDR_LEN];
 875                         for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
 876                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
 877         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
 878             i, *dp, *cp);
 879                                         printf("\ncp:");
 880                                         cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0];
 881                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 882                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 883                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 884                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 885                                         }
 886                                         printf("\ndp:");
 887                                         cp = &outpack[8];
 888                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
 889                                                 if ((i % 32) == 8)
 890                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
 891                                                 (void)printf("%x ", *cp);
 892                                         }
 893                                         break;
 894                                 }
 895                         }
 896                 }
 897         } else {
 898                 /*
 899                  * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
 900                  * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
 901                  * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
 902                  * and ICMP type and ID.
 903                  *
 904                  * Only print all the error messages if we are running
 905                  * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
 906                  * available to those not running as root.
 907                  */
 908 #ifndef icmp_data
 909                 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip;
 910 #else
 911                 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data;
 912 #endif
 913                 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1);
 914
 915                 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
 916                     (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
 917                      (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
 918                      (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
 919                      (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
 920                      (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) {
 921                     (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
 922                         pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
 923                     pr_icmph(icp);
 924                 } else
 925                     return;
 926         }
 927
 928         /* Display any IP options */
 929         cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
 930
 931         for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
 932                 switch (*cp) {
 933                 case IPOPT_EOL:
 934                         hlen = 0;
 935                         break;
 936                 case IPOPT_LSRR:
 937                         (void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
 938                         hlen -= 2;
 939                         j = *++cp;
 940                         ++cp;
 941                         if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF)
 942                                 for (;;) {
 943                                         l = *++cp;
 944                                         l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 945                                         l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 946                                         l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 947                                         if (l == 0) {
 948                                                 printf("\t0.0.0.0");
 949                                         } else {
 950                                                 struct in_addr ina;
 951                                                 ina.s_addr = ntohl(l);
 952                                                 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina));
 953                                         }
 954                                 hlen -= 4;
 955                                 j -= 4;
 956                                 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF)
 957                                         break;
 958                                 (void)putchar('\n');
 959                         }
 960                         break;
 961                 case IPOPT_RR:
 962                         j = *++cp;              /* get length */
 963                         i = *++cp;              /* and pointer */
 964                         hlen -= 2;
 965                         if (i > j)
 966                                 i = j;
 967                         i -= IPOPT_MINOFF;
 968                         if (i <= 0)
 969                                 continue;
 970                         if (i == old_rrlen
 971                             && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2
 972                             && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
 973                             && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
 974                                 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
 975                                 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4;
 976                                 hlen -= i;
 977                                 cp += i;
 978                                 break;
 979                         }
 980                         if (i < MAX_IPOPTLEN) {
 981                                 old_rrlen = i;
 982                                 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
 983                         } else
 984                                 old_rrlen = 0;
 985
 986                         (void)printf("\nRR: ");
 987                         j = 0;
 988                         for (;;) {
 989                                 l = *++cp;
 990                                 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 991                                 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 992                                 l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
 993                                 if (l == 0) {
 994                                         printf("\t0.0.0.0");
 995                                 } else {
 996                                         struct in_addr ina;
 997                                         ina.s_addr = ntohl(l);
 998                                         printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina));
 999                                 }
1000                                 hlen -= 4;
1001                                 i -= 4;
1002                                 j += 4;
1003                                 if (i <= 0)
1004                                         break;
1005                                 if (j >= MAX_IPOPTLEN) {
1006                                         (void) printf("\t(truncated route)");
1007                                         break;
1008                                 }
1009                                 (void)putchar('\n');
1010                         }
1011                         break;
1012                 case IPOPT_NOP:
1013                         (void)printf("\nNOP");
1014                         break;
1015                 default:
1016                         (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1017                         break;
1018                 }
1019         if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1020                 (void)putchar('\n');
1021                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1022         }
1023 }
1024
1025 /*
1026  * in_cksum --
1027  *      Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
1028  */
1029 u_short
1030 in_cksum(addr, len)
1031         u_short *addr;
1032         int len;
1033 {
1034         register int nleft = len;
1035         register u_short *w = addr;
1036         register int sum = 0;
1037         union {
1038                 u_short us;
1039                 u_char  uc[2];
1040         } last;
1041         u_short answer;
1042
1043         /*
1044          * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
1045          * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
1046          * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
1047          */
1048         while (nleft > 1)  {
1049                 sum += *w++;
1050                 nleft -= 2;
1051         }
1052
1053         /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1054         if (nleft == 1) {
1055                 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w;
1056                 last.uc[1] = 0;
1057                 sum += last.us;
1058         }
1059
1060         /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
1061         sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);     /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1062         sum += (sum >> 16);                     /* add carry */
1063         answer = ~sum;                          /* truncate to 16 bits */
1064         return(answer);
1065 }
1066
1067 /*
1068  * tvsub --
1069  *      Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
1070  * be >= in.
1071  */
1072 static void
1073 tvsub(out, in)
1074         register struct timeval *out, *in;
1075 {
1076         if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
1077                 --out->tv_sec;
1078                 out->tv_usec += 1000000;
1079         }
1080         out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
1081 }
1082
1083 /*
1084  * status --
1085  *      Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1086  */
1087
1088 static void
1089 status(sig)
1090         int sig;
1091 {
1092         siginfo_p = 1;
1093 }
1094
1095 static void
1096 check_status()
1097 {
1098         if (siginfo_p) {
1099                 siginfo_p = 0;
1100                 (void)fprintf(stderr,
1101         "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%) %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n",
1102                     nreceived, ntransmitted,
1103                     ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0,
1104                     nreceived ? tmin : 0.0,
1105                     nreceived + nrepeats ? tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats) : tsum,
1106                     tmax);
1107         }
1108 }
1109
1110 /*
1111  * finish --
1112  *      Print out statistics, and give up.
1113  */
1114 static void
1115 finish()
1116 {
1117         struct termios ts;
1118
1119         (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1120         (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1121         (void)putchar('\n');
1122         (void)fflush(stdout);
1123         (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1124         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1125         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1126         if (nrepeats)
1127                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1128         if (ntransmitted) {
1129                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1130                         (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1131                 else
1132                         (void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
1133                             (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
1134                             ntransmitted));
1135         }
1136         (void)putchar('\n');
1137         if (nreceived && timing) {
1138                 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1139                 double avg = tsum / n;
1140                 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1141                 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = "
1142                        "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1143                     tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1144         }
1145         if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) {
1146                 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO;
1147                 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts);
1148         }
1149
1150         if (nreceived)
1151                 exit(0);
1152         else
1153                 exit(2);
1154 }
1155
1156 #ifdef notdef
1157 static char *ttab[] = {
1158         "Echo Reply",           /* ip + seq + udata */
1159         "Dest Unreachable",     /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1160         "Source Quench",        /* IP */
1161         "Redirect",             /* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1162         "Echo",
1163         "Time Exceeded",        /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1164         "Parameter Problem",    /* pointer + IP */
1165         "Timestamp",            /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1166         "Timestamp Reply",      /* " */
1167         "Info Request",         /* id + sq */
1168         "Info Reply"            /* " */
1169 };
1170 #endif
1171
1172 /*
1173  * pr_icmph --
1174  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1175  */
1176 static void
1177 pr_icmph(icp)
1178         struct icmp *icp;
1179 {
1180         switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1181         case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1182                 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1183                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1184                 break;
1185         case ICMP_UNREACH:
1186                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1187                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1188                         (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1189                         break;
1190                 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1191                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1192                         break;
1193                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1194                         (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1195                         break;
1196                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1197                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1198                         break;
1199                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1200                         (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1201                                         ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1202                         break;
1203                 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1204                         (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1205                         break;
1206                 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1207                         (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1208                         break;
1209                 default:
1210                         (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1211                             icp->icmp_code);
1212                         break;
1213                 }
1214                 /* Print returned IP header information */
1215 #ifndef icmp_data
1216                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1217 #else
1218                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1219 #endif
1220                 break;
1221         case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1222                 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1223 #ifndef icmp_data
1224                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1225 #else
1226                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1227 #endif
1228                 break;
1229         case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1230                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1231                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1232                         (void)printf("Redirect Network");
1233                         break;
1234                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1235                         (void)printf("Redirect Host");
1236                         break;
1237                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1238                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1239                         break;
1240                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1241                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1242                         break;
1243                 default:
1244                         (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1245                         break;
1246                 }
1247                 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1248 #ifndef icmp_data
1249                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1250 #else
1251                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1252 #endif
1253                 break;
1254         case ICMP_ECHO:
1255                 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1256                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1257                 break;
1258         case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1259                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1260                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1261                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1262                         break;
1263                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1264                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1265                         break;
1266                 default:
1267                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1268                             icp->icmp_code);
1269                         break;
1270                 }
1271 #ifndef icmp_data
1272                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1273 #else
1274                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1275 #endif
1276                 break;
1277         case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1278                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1279                     icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1280 #ifndef icmp_data
1281                 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip);
1282 #else
1283                 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
1284 #endif
1285                 break;
1286         case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1287                 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1288                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1289                 break;
1290         case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1291                 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1292                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1293                 break;
1294         case ICMP_IREQ:
1295                 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
1296                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1297                 break;
1298         case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1299                 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1300                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1301                 break;
1302         case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1303                 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1304                 break;
1305         case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1306                 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1307                 break;
1308         case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1309                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1310                 break;
1311         case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1312                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1313                 break;
1314         default:
1315                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1316         }
1317 }
1318
1319 /*
1320  * pr_iph --
1321  *      Print an IP header with options.
1322  */
1323 static void
1324 pr_iph(ip)
1325         struct ip *ip;
1326 {
1327         int hlen;
1328         u_char *cp;
1329
1330         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1331         cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;         /* point to options */
1332
1333         (void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1334         (void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1335             ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1336             ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1337         (void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1338             (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1339             (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1340         (void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1341                                                             ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1342         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr));
1343         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr));
1344         /* dump any option bytes */
1345         while (hlen-- > 20) {
1346                 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1347         }
1348         (void)putchar('\n');
1349 }
1350
1351 /*
1352  * pr_addr --
1353  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1354  * a hostname.
1355  */
1356 static char *
1357 pr_addr(ina)
1358         struct in_addr ina;
1359 {
1360         struct hostent *hp;
1361         static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1362
1363         if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
1364             !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET)))
1365                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1366         else
1367                 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1368                     inet_ntoa(ina));
1369         return(buf);
1370 }
1371
1372 /*
1373  * pr_retip --
1374  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1375  */
1376 static void
1377 pr_retip(ip)
1378         struct ip *ip;
1379 {
1380         int hlen;
1381         u_char *cp;
1382
1383         pr_iph(ip);
1384         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1385         cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
1386
1387         if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1388                 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1389                     (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1390         else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1391                 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1392                         (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1393 }
1394
1395 static void
1396 fill(bp, patp)
1397         char *bp, *patp;
1398 {
1399         register int ii, jj, kk;
1400         int pat[16];
1401         char *cp;
1402
1403         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1404                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1405                         errx(EX_USAGE,
1406                              "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1407
1408         }
1409         ii = sscanf(patp,
1410             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1411             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1412             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1413             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1414
1415         if (ii > 0)
1416                 for (kk = 0;
1417                     kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + PHDR_LEN + ii);
1418                     kk += ii)
1419                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1420                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1421         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1422                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1423                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1424                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1425                 (void)printf("\n");
1426         }
1427 }
1428
1429 static void
1430 usage()
1431 {
1432         fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1433 "usage: ping [-QRadfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-m ttl]",
1434 "            [-p pattern] "
1435 #ifdef IPSEC
1436 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
1437 "[-P policy] "
1438 #endif
1439 #endif
1440 "[-s packetsize] [-S src_addr] [-t timeout]",
1441 "            [host | [-L] [-I iface] [-T ttl] mcast-group]");
1442         exit(EX_USAGE);
1443 }