sbin/ping/ping.c

   1 /*-
   2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   8  * Mike Muuss.
   9  *
  10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  12  * are met:
  13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  20  *    without specific prior written permission.
  21  *
  22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  33  */
  34
  35 #if 0
  36 #ifndef lint
  37 static const char copyright[] =
  38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
  39         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  40 #endif /* not lint */
  41
  42 #ifndef lint
  43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
  44 #endif /* not lint */
  45 #endif
  46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  48
  49 /*
  50  *                      P I N G . C
  51  *
  52  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  53  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  54  *
  55  * Author -
  56  *      Mike Muuss
  57  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  58  *      December, 1983
  59  *
  60  * Status -
  61  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  62  * Bugs -
  63  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  64  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  65  */
  66
  67 #include <sys/param.h>          /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
  68 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
  69 #include <sys/socket.h>
  70 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  71 #include <sys/time.h>
  72 #include <sys/uio.h>
  73
  74 #include <netinet/in.h>
  75 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  76 #include <netinet/ip.h>
  77 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  78 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  79 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  80
  81 #include <libcasper.h>
  82 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
  83
  84 #ifdef IPSEC
  85 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
  86 #endif /*IPSEC*/
  87
  88 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
  89 #include <ctype.h>
  90 #include <err.h>
  91 #include <errno.h>
  92 #include <math.h>
  93 #include <netdb.h>
  94 #include <stddef.h>
  95 #include <signal.h>
  96 #include <stdio.h>
  97 #include <stdlib.h>
  98 #include <string.h>
  99 #include <sysexits.h>
 100 #include <time.h>
 101 #include <unistd.h>
 102
 103 #include "utils.h"
 104
 105 #define INADDR_LEN      ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
 106 #define TIMEVAL_LEN     ((int)sizeof(struct tv32))
 107 #define MASK_LEN        (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
 108 #define TS_LEN          (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
 109 #define DEFDATALEN      56              /* default data length */
 110 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF   20000           /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
 111                                         /* runs out of buffer space */
 112 #define MAXIPLEN        (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 113 #define MAXICMPLEN      (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 114 #define MAXWAIT         10000           /* max ms to wait for response */
 115 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 116 #define MAXTOS          255
 117
 118 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 119 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 120 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 121 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 122 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 123
 124 struct tv32 {
 125         int32_t tv32_sec;
 126         int32_t tv32_nsec;
 127 };
 128
 129 /* various options */
 130 static int options;
 131 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 132 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 133 #define F_NUMERIC       0x0004
 134 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 135 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 136 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 137 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 138 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE  0x0080
 139 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 140 #define F_QUIET2        0x0200
 141 #define F_NOLOOP        0x0400
 142 #define F_MTTL          0x0800
 143 #define F_MIF           0x1000
 144 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x2000
 145 #ifdef IPSEC
 146 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 147 #define F_POLICY        0x4000
 148 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 149 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 150 #define F_TTL           0x8000
 151 #define F_MISSED        0x10000
 152 #define F_ONCE          0x20000
 153 #define F_HDRINCL       0x40000
 154 #define F_MASK          0x80000
 155 #define F_TIME          0x100000
 156 #define F_SWEEP         0x200000
 157 #define F_WAITTIME      0x400000
 158 #define F_IP_VLAN_PCP   0x800000
 159
 160 /*
 161  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 162  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 163  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 164  */
 165 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 128)
 166 static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 167 static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 168
 169 static struct sockaddr_in whereto;      /* who to ping */
 170 static int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 171 static int maxpayload;
 172 static int ssend;               /* send socket file descriptor */
 173 static int srecv;               /* receive socket file descriptor */
 174 static u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
 175 static char BBELL = '\a';       /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
 176 static char BSPACE = '\b';      /* characters written for flood */
 177 static char DOT = '.';
 178 static char *hostname;
 179 static char *shostname;
 180 static int ident;               /* process id to identify our packets */
 181 static int uid;                 /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
 182 static u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
 183 static u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
 184 static int phdr_len = 0;
 185 static int send_len;
 186
 187 /* counters */
 188 static long nmissedmax;         /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
 189 static long npackets;           /* max packets to transmit */
 190 static long nreceived;          /* # of packets we got back */
 191 static long nrepeats;           /* number of duplicates */
 192 static long ntransmitted;       /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 193 static long snpackets;                  /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */
 194 static long sntransmitted;      /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */
 195 static int sweepmax;            /* max value of payload in sweep */
 196 static int sweepmin = 0;        /* start value of payload in sweep */
 197 static int sweepincr = 1;       /* payload increment in sweep */
 198 static int interval = 1000;     /* interval between packets, ms */
 199 static int waittime = MAXWAIT;  /* timeout for each packet */
 200 static long nrcvtimeout = 0;    /* # of packets we got back after waittime */
 201
 202 /* timing */
 203 static int timing;              /* flag to do timing */
 204 static double tmin = 999999999.0;       /* minimum round trip time */
 205 static double tmax = 0.0;       /* maximum round trip time */
 206 static double tsum = 0.0;       /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 207 static double tsumsq = 0.0;     /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 208
 209 /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
 210 static volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;
 211 static volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
 212
 213 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
 214
 215 static void fill(char *, char *);
 216 static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
 217 static void check_status(void);
 218 static void finish(void) __dead2;
 219 static void pinger(void);
 220 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
 221 static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
 222 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct ip *, const u_char *const);
 223 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
 224 static void pr_pack(char *, ssize_t, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timespec *);
 225 static void pr_retip(struct ip *, const u_char *);
 226 static void status(int);
 227 static void stopit(int);
 228 static void usage(void) __dead2;
 229
 230 int
 231 main(int argc, char *const *argv)
 232 {
 233         struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
 234         struct in_addr ifaddr;
 235         struct timespec last, intvl;
 236         struct iovec iov;
 237         struct msghdr msg;
 238         struct sigaction si_sa;
 239         size_t sz;
 240         u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4);
 241         char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
 242         struct hostent *hp;
 243 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 244         char *policy_in, *policy_out;
 245 #endif
 246         struct sockaddr_in *to;
 247         double t;
 248         u_long alarmtimeout;
 249         long ltmp;
 250         int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload;
 251         int ssend_errno, srecv_errno, tos, ttl, pcp;
 252         char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timespec))];
 253         char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 254 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 255         char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];      /* record route space */
 256 #endif
 257         unsigned char loop, mttl;
 258
 259         payload = source = NULL;
 260 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 261         policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
 262 #endif
 263         cap_rights_t rights;
 264
 265         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 266
 267         /*
 268          * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
 269          * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
 270          * after arg parsing.
 271          *
 272          * Historicaly ping was using one socket 's' for sending and for
 273          * receiving. After capsicum(4) related changes we use two
 274          * sockets. It was done for special ping use case - when user
 275          * issue ping on multicast or broadcast address replies come
 276          * from different addresses, not from the address we
 277          * connect(2)'ed to, and send socket do not receive those
 278          * packets.
 279          */
 280         ssend = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 281         ssend_errno = errno;
 282         srecv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 283         srecv_errno = errno;
 284
 285         if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
 286                 err(EX_NOPERM, "setuid() failed");
 287         uid = getuid();
 288
 289         if (ssend < 0) {
 290                 errno = ssend_errno;
 291                 err(EX_OSERR, "ssend socket");
 292         }
 293
 294         if (srecv < 0) {
 295                 errno = srecv_errno;
 296                 err(EX_OSERR, "srecv socket");
 297         }
 298
 299         alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = pcp = 0;
 300
 301         outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
 302         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
 303                 "AaC:c:DdfG:g:Hh:I:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vW:z:"
 304 #ifdef IPSEC
 305 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 306                 "P:"
 307 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 308 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 309                 )) != -1)
 310         {
 311                 switch(ch) {
 312                 case 'A':
 313                         options |= F_MISSED;
 314                         break;
 315                 case 'a':
 316                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 317                         break;
 318                 case 'C':
 319                         options |= F_IP_VLAN_PCP;
 320                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 321                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > 7 || ltmp < -1)
 322                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid PCP: `%s'", optarg);
 323                         pcp = ltmp;
 324                         break;
 325                 case 'c':
 326                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 327                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp <= 0)
 328                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 329                                     "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
 330                                     optarg);
 331                         npackets = ltmp;
 332                         break;
 333                 case 'D':
 334                         options |= F_HDRINCL;
 335                         df = 1;
 336                         break;
 337                 case 'd':
 338                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 339                         break;
 340                 case 'f':
 341                         if (uid) {
 342                                 errno = EPERM;
 343                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
 344                         }
 345                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 346                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 347                         break;
 348                 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */
 349                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 350                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp <= 0)
 351                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 352                                     optarg);
 353                         if (uid != 0 && ltmp > DEFDATALEN) {
 354                                 errno = EPERM;
 355                                 err(EX_NOPERM,
 356                                     "packet size too large: %ld > %u",
 357                                     ltmp, DEFDATALEN);
 358                         }
 359                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 360                         sweepmax = ltmp;
 361                         break;
 362                 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */
 363                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 364                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp <= 0)
 365                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 366                                     optarg);
 367                         if (uid != 0 && ltmp > DEFDATALEN) {
 368                                 errno = EPERM;
 369                                 err(EX_NOPERM,
 370                                     "packet size too large: %ld > %u",
 371                                     ltmp, DEFDATALEN);
 372                         }
 373                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 374                         sweepmin = ltmp;
 375                         break;
 376                 case 'H':
 377                         options &= ~F_NUMERIC;
 378                         break;
 379                 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */
 380                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 381                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp < 1)
 382                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid increment size: `%s'",
 383                                     optarg);
 384                         if (uid != 0 && ltmp > DEFDATALEN) {
 385                                 errno = EPERM;
 386                                 err(EX_NOPERM,
 387                                     "packet size too large: %ld > %u",
 388                                     ltmp, DEFDATALEN);
 389                         }
 390                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 391                         sweepincr = ltmp;
 392                         break;
 393                 case 'I':               /* multicast interface */
 394                         if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
 395                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 396                                     "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
 397                                     optarg);
 398                         options |= F_MIF;
 399                         break;
 400                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 401                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
 402                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 403                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 404                                     optarg);
 405                         options |= F_INTERVAL;
 406                         interval = (int)t;
 407                         if (uid && interval < 1000) {
 408                                 errno = EPERM;
 409                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
 410                         }
 411                         break;
 412                 case 'L':
 413                         options |= F_NOLOOP;
 414                         loop = 0;
 415                         break;
 416                 case 'l':
 417                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 418                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > INT_MAX || ltmp < 0)
 419                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 420                                     "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
 421                         if (uid) {
 422                                 errno = EPERM;
 423                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
 424                         }
 425                         preload = ltmp;
 426                         break;
 427                 case 'M':
 428                         switch(optarg[0]) {
 429                         case 'M':
 430                         case 'm':
 431                                 options |= F_MASK;
 432                                 break;
 433                         case 'T':
 434                         case 't':
 435                                 options |= F_TIME;
 436                                 break;
 437                         default:
 438                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
 439                                 break;
 440                         }
 441                         break;
 442                 case 'm':               /* TTL */
 443                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 444                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > MAXTTL || ltmp < 0)
 445                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
 446                         ttl = ltmp;
 447                         options |= F_TTL;
 448                         break;
 449                 case 'n':
 450                         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 451                         break;
 452                 case 'o':
 453                         options |= F_ONCE;
 454                         break;
 455 #ifdef IPSEC
 456 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 457                 case 'P':
 458                         options |= F_POLICY;
 459                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
 460                                 policy_in = strdup(optarg);
 461                         else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
 462                                 policy_out = strdup(optarg);
 463                         else
 464                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 465                         break;
 466 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 467 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 468                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 469                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 470                         payload = optarg;
 471                         break;
 472                 case 'Q':
 473                         options |= F_QUIET2;
 474                         break;
 475                 case 'q':
 476                         options |= F_QUIET;
 477                         break;
 478                 case 'R':
 479                         options |= F_RROUTE;
 480                         break;
 481                 case 'r':
 482                         options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
 483                         break;
 484                 case 'S':
 485                         source = optarg;
 486                         break;
 487                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 488                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 489                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > INT_MAX || ltmp < 0)
 490                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 491                                     optarg);
 492                         if (uid != 0 && ltmp > DEFDATALEN) {
 493                                 errno = EPERM;
 494                                 err(EX_NOPERM,
 495                                     "packet size too large: %ld > %u",
 496                                     ltmp, DEFDATALEN);
 497                         }
 498                         datalen = ltmp;
 499                         break;
 500                 case 'T':               /* multicast TTL */
 501                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 502                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > MAXTTL || ltmp < 0)
 503                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
 504                                     optarg);
 505                         mttl = ltmp;
 506                         options |= F_MTTL;
 507                         break;
 508                 case 't':
 509                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 510                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 511                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 512                                     optarg);
 513                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 514                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 515                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 516                         {
 517                                 struct itimerval itv;
 518
 519                                 timerclear(&itv.it_interval);
 520                                 timerclear(&itv.it_value);
 521                                 itv.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t)alarmtimeout;
 522                                 if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) != 0)
 523                                         err(1, "setitimer");
 524                         }
 525                         break;
 526                 case 'v':
 527                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 528                         break;
 529                 case 'W':               /* wait ms for answer */
 530                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep);
 531                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 532                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 533                                     optarg);
 534                         options |= F_WAITTIME;
 535                         waittime = (int)t;
 536                         break;
 537                 case 'z':
 538                         options |= F_HDRINCL;
 539                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 540                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > MAXTOS || ltmp < 0)
 541                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
 542                         tos = ltmp;
 543                         break;
 544                 default:
 545                         usage();
 546                 }
 547         }
 548
 549         if (argc - optind != 1)
 550                 usage();
 551         target = argv[optind];
 552
 553         switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
 554         case 0: break;
 555         case F_MASK:
 556                 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
 557                 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
 558                 phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
 559                 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
 560                         (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
 561                 break;
 562         case F_TIME:
 563                 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
 564                 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
 565                 phdr_len = TS_LEN;
 566                 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
 567                         (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
 568                 break;
 569         default:
 570                 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
 571                 break;
 572         }
 573         icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
 574         if (options & F_RROUTE)
 575                 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
 576         maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
 577         if (datalen > maxpayload)
 578                 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
 579                     maxpayload);
 580         send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
 581         datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
 582         if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
 583                 fill((char *)datap, payload);
 584         }
 585         capdns = capdns_setup();
 586         if (source) {
 587                 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
 588                 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
 589                 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
 590                         shostname = source;
 591                 } else {
 592                         hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, source, AF_INET);
 593                         if (!hp)
 594                                 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 595                                     source, hstrerror(h_errno));
 596
 597                         sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
 598                         if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
 599                             hp->h_length < 0)
 600                                 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
 601                         memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
 602                             sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
 603                         (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
 604                             sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
 605                         snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 606                         shostname = snamebuf;
 607                 }
 608                 if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) ==
 609                     -1)
 610                         err(1, "bind");
 611         }
 612
 613         bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
 614         to = &whereto;
 615         to->sin_family = AF_INET;
 616         to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
 617         if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
 618                 hostname = target;
 619         } else {
 620                 hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, target, AF_INET);
 621                 if (!hp)
 622                         errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 623                             target, hstrerror(h_errno));
 624
 625                 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
 626                         errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
 627                 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
 628                 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
 629                 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 630                 hostname = hnamebuf;
 631         }
 632
 633         /* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
 634 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
 635         if (capdns != NULL) {
 636                 const char *types[1];
 637
 638                 types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
 639                 if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, 1) < 0)
 640                         err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
 641         }
 642 #endif
 643         if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, sizeof(whereto)) != 0)
 644                 err(1, "connect");
 645
 646         if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
 647                 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
 648
 649         if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 650                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 651                     "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
 652         if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
 653             && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 654                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 655                     "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
 656
 657         if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)     /* can we time transfer */
 658                 timing = 1;
 659
 660         if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
 661                 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
 662                         *datap++ = i;
 663
 664         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 665
 666         hold = 1;
 667         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
 668                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 669                     sizeof(hold));
 670                 (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 671                     sizeof(hold));
 672         }
 673         if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
 674                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
 675                     sizeof(hold));
 676         if (options & F_IP_VLAN_PCP) {
 677                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_VLAN_PCP, (char *)&pcp,
 678                     sizeof(pcp));
 679         }
 680 #ifdef IPSEC
 681 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 682         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 683                 char *buf;
 684                 if (policy_in != NULL) {
 685                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
 686                         if (buf == NULL)
 687                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 688                         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 689                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 690                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 691                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 692                         free(buf);
 693                 }
 694
 695                 if (policy_out != NULL) {
 696                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
 697                         if (buf == NULL)
 698                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 699                         if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 700                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 701                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 702                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 703                         free(buf);
 704                 }
 705         }
 706 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 707 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 708
 709         if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
 710                 struct ip ip;
 711
 712                 memcpy(&ip, outpackhdr, sizeof(ip));
 713                 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
 714                         mib[0] = CTL_NET;
 715                         mib[1] = PF_INET;
 716                         mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
 717                         mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
 718                         sz = sizeof(ttl);
 719                         if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
 720                                 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
 721                 }
 722                 setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
 723                 ip.ip_v = IPVERSION;
 724                 ip.ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
 725                 ip.ip_tos = tos;
 726                 ip.ip_id = 0;
 727                 ip.ip_off = htons(df ? IP_DF : 0);
 728                 ip.ip_ttl = ttl;
 729                 ip.ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
 730                 ip.ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
 731                 ip.ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
 732                 memcpy(outpackhdr, &ip, sizeof(ip));
 733         }
 734
 735         /*
 736          * Here we enter capability mode. Further down access to global
 737          * namespaces (e.g filesystem) is restricted (see capsicum(4)).
 738          * We must connect(2) our socket before this point.
 739          */
 740         caph_cache_catpages();
 741         if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
 742                 err(1, "caph_enter_casper");
 743
 744         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
 745         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
 746                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv");
 747         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
 748         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
 749                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend");
 750
 751         /* record route option */
 752         if (options & F_RROUTE) {
 753 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 754                 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
 755                 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
 756                 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
 757                 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
 758                 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
 759                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
 760                     sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
 761                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
 762 #else
 763                 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
 764                     "record route not available in this implementation");
 765 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
 766         }
 767
 768         if (options & F_TTL) {
 769                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
 770                     sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
 771                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
 772                 }
 773         }
 774         if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
 775                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
 776                     sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
 777                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 778                 }
 779         }
 780         if (options & F_MTTL) {
 781                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
 782                     sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
 783                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
 784                 }
 785         }
 786         if (options & F_MIF) {
 787                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
 788                     sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
 789                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
 790                 }
 791         }
 792 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 793         {
 794                 int on = 1;
 795                 int ts_clock = SO_TS_MONOTONIC;
 796                 if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on,
 797                     sizeof(on)) < 0)
 798                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
 799                 if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TS_CLOCK, &ts_clock,
 800                     sizeof(ts_clock)) < 0)
 801                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TS_CLOCK");
 802         }
 803 #endif
 804         if (sweepmax) {
 805                 if (sweepmin > sweepmax)
 806                         errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum packet size must be no less than the minimum packet size");
 807
 808                 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN)
 809                         errx(EX_USAGE, "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive");
 810
 811                 if (npackets > 0) {
 812                         snpackets = npackets;
 813                         npackets = 0;
 814                 } else
 815                         snpackets = 1;
 816                 datalen = sweepmin;
 817                 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin;
 818         }
 819         if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax)
 820                 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified");
 821
 822         /*
 823          * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
 824          * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
 825          * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
 826          * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
 827          * or multicast pings if they wish.
 828          */
 829
 830         /*
 831          * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
 832          * as well.
 833          */
 834         hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
 835         (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
 836             sizeof(hold));
 837         /* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
 838         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT);
 839         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
 840                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
 841         if (uid == 0)
 842                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
 843                     sizeof(hold));
 844         /* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
 845         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND);
 846         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
 847                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
 848
 849         if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
 850                 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
 851                     inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
 852                 if (source)
 853                         (void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
 854                 if (sweepmax)
 855                         (void)printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
 856                             sweepmin, sweepmax);
 857                 else
 858                         (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
 859
 860         } else {
 861                 if (sweepmax)
 862                         (void)printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
 863                             hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax);
 864                 else
 865                         (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
 866         }
 867
 868         /*
 869          * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
 870          * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
 871          */
 872
 873         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
 874         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
 875
 876         si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 877         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 878                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
 879         }
 880
 881         si_sa.sa_handler = status;
 882         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 883                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
 884         }
 885
 886         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
 887                 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 888                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
 889                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
 890         }
 891
 892         bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 893         msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
 894         msg.msg_iov = &iov;
 895         msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 896 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 897         msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
 898         msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
 899 #endif
 900         iov.iov_base = packet;
 901         iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
 902
 903         if (preload == 0)
 904                 pinger();               /* send the first ping */
 905         else {
 906                 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
 907                         preload = npackets;
 908                 while (preload--)       /* fire off them quickies */
 909                         pinger();
 910         }
 911         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
 912
 913         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
 914                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
 915                 intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
 916         } else {
 917                 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 918                 intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;
 919         }
 920
 921         almost_done = 0;
 922         while (!finish_up) {
 923                 struct timespec now, timeout;
 924                 fd_set rfds;
 925                 int n;
 926                 ssize_t cc;
 927
 928                 check_status();
 929                 if ((unsigned)srecv >= FD_SETSIZE)
 930                         errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
 931                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
 932                 FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
 933                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
 934                 timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
 935                 timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
 936                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
 937                         timespecclear(&timeout);
 938                 n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
 939                 if (n < 0)
 940                         continue;       /* Must be EINTR. */
 941                 if (n == 1) {
 942                         struct timespec *tv = NULL;
 943 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 944                         struct cmsghdr *cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
 945 #endif
 946                         msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
 947                         if ((cc = recvmsg(srecv, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
 948                                 if (errno == EINTR)
 949                                         continue;
 950                                 warn("recvmsg");
 951                                 continue;
 952                         }
 953 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 954                         if (cmsg != NULL &&
 955                             cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
 956                             cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
 957                             cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
 958                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
 959                                 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
 960                                 tv = &now;
 961                         }
 962 #endif
 963                         if (tv == NULL) {
 964                                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
 965                                 tv = &now;
 966                         }
 967                         pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
 968                         if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
 969                             (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
 970                                 break;
 971                 }
 972                 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
 973                         if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) {
 974                                 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr ; ++i)
 975                                         *datap++ = i;
 976                                 datalen += sweepincr;
 977                                 if (datalen > sweepmax)
 978                                         break;
 979                                 send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
 980                                 sntransmitted = 0;
 981                         }
 982                         if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
 983                                 pinger();
 984                         else {
 985                                 if (almost_done)
 986                                         break;
 987                                 almost_done = 1;
 988                                 intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
 989                                 if (nreceived) {
 990                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
 991                                         if (!intvl.tv_sec)
 992                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
 993                                 } else {
 994                                         intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
 995                                         intvl.tv_nsec = waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
 996                                 }
 997                         }
 998                         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
 999                         if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
1000                                 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
1001                                 if (options & F_MISSED)
1002                                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1003                         }
1004                 }
1005         }
1006         finish();
1007         /* NOTREACHED */
1008         exit(0);        /* Make the compiler happy */
1009 }
1010
1011 /*
1012  * stopit --
1013  *      Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
1014  * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
1015  * to be called from a signal handler.
1016  */
1017 void
1018 stopit(int sig __unused)
1019 {
1020
1021         /*
1022          * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
1023          * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
1024          */
1025         if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
1026                 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
1027         finish_up = 1;
1028 }
1029
1030 /*
1031  * pinger --
1032  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1033  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1034  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
1035  * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in
1036  * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1037  */
1038 static void
1039 pinger(void)
1040 {
1041         struct timespec now;
1042         struct tv32 tv32;
1043         struct icmp icp;
1044         int cc, i;
1045         u_char *packet;
1046
1047         packet = outpack;
1048         memcpy(&icp, outpack, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1049         icp.icmp_type = icmp_type;
1050         icp.icmp_code = 0;
1051         icp.icmp_cksum = 0;
1052         icp.icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
1053         icp.icmp_id = ident;                    /* ID */
1054
1055         CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
1056
1057         if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
1058                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
1059                 /*
1060                  * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
1061                  * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
1062                  * packet. We're only concerned with
1063                  * durations, not absolute times.
1064                  */
1065                 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec);
1066                 tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_nsec);
1067                 if (options & F_TIME)
1068                         icp.icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
1069                                 * 1000 + now.tv_nsec / 1000000);
1070                 if (timing)
1071                         bcopy((void *)&tv32,
1072                             (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
1073                             sizeof(tv32));
1074         }
1075
1076         memcpy(outpack, &icp, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1077
1078         cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
1079
1080         /* compute ICMP checksum here */
1081         icp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum(outpack, cc);
1082         /* Update icmp_cksum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1083         memcpy(outpack + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_cksum), &icp.icmp_cksum,
1084             sizeof(icp.icmp_cksum));
1085
1086         if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
1087                 struct ip ip;
1088
1089                 cc += sizeof(struct ip);
1090                 ip.ip_len = htons(cc);
1091                 /* Update ip_len in the raw packet data buffer. */
1092                 memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_len), &ip.ip_len,
1093                     sizeof(ip.ip_len));
1094                 ip.ip_sum = in_cksum(outpackhdr, cc);
1095                 /* Update ip_sum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1096                 memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_sum), &ip.ip_sum,
1097                     sizeof(ip.ip_sum));
1098                 packet = outpackhdr;
1099         }
1100         i = send(ssend, (char *)packet, cc, 0);
1101         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
1102                 if (i < 0) {
1103                         if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
1104                                 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
1105                                 return;
1106                         }
1107                         warn("sendto");
1108                 } else {
1109                         warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
1110                              hostname, i, cc);
1111                 }
1112         }
1113         ntransmitted++;
1114         sntransmitted++;
1115         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
1116                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
1117 }
1118
1119 /*
1120  * pr_pack --
1121  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1122  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1123  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1124  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1125  */
1126 static void
1127 pr_pack(char *buf, ssize_t cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timespec *tv)
1128 {
1129         struct in_addr ina;
1130         u_char *cp, *dp, l;
1131         struct icmp icp;
1132         struct ip ip;
1133         const u_char *icmp_data_raw;
1134         double triptime;
1135         int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len;
1136         uint16_t seq;
1137         static int old_rrlen;
1138         static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
1139         struct ip oip;
1140         u_char oip_header_len;
1141         struct icmp oicmp;
1142         const u_char *oicmp_raw;
1143
1144         /*
1145          * Get size of IP header of the received packet. The
1146          * information is contained in the lower four bits of the
1147          * first byte.
1148          */
1149         memcpy(&l, buf, sizeof(l));
1150         hlen = (l & 0x0f) << 2;
1151         memcpy(&ip, buf, hlen);
1152
1153         /* Check the IP header */
1154         recv_len = cc;
1155         if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
1156                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1157                         warn("packet too short (%zd bytes) from %s", cc,
1158                              inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1159                 return;
1160         }
1161
1162 #ifndef icmp_data
1163         icmp_data_raw = buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_ip);
1164 #else
1165         icmp_data_raw = buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data);
1166 #endif
1167
1168         /* Now the ICMP part */
1169         cc -= hlen;
1170         memcpy(&icp, buf + hlen, MIN((ssize_t)sizeof(icp), cc));
1171         if (icp.icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
1172                 if (icp.icmp_id != ident)
1173                         return;                 /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
1174                 ++nreceived;
1175                 triptime = 0.0;
1176                 if (timing) {
1177                         struct timespec tv1;
1178                         struct tv32 tv32;
1179                         const u_char *tp;
1180
1181                         tp = icmp_data_raw + phdr_len;
1182
1183                         if ((size_t)(cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len) >=
1184                             sizeof(tv1)) {
1185                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
1186                                 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32));
1187                                 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec);
1188                                 tv1.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_nsec);
1189                                 timespecsub(tv, &tv1, tv);
1190                                 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1191                                     ((double)tv->tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
1192                                 tsum += triptime;
1193                                 tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
1194                                 if (triptime < tmin)
1195                                         tmin = triptime;
1196                                 if (triptime > tmax)
1197                                         tmax = triptime;
1198                         } else
1199                                 timing = 0;
1200                 }
1201
1202                 seq = ntohs(icp.icmp_seq);
1203
1204                 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1205                         ++nrepeats;
1206                         --nreceived;
1207                         dupflag = 1;
1208                 } else {
1209                         SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1210                         dupflag = 0;
1211                 }
1212
1213                 if (options & F_QUIET)
1214                         return;
1215
1216                 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1217                         ++nrcvtimeout;
1218                         return;
1219                 }
1220
1221                 if (options & F_FLOOD)
1222                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1223                 else {
1224                         (void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1225                             pr_addr(from->sin_addr), seq);
1226                         (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip.ip_ttl);
1227                         if (timing)
1228                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1229                         if (dupflag)
1230                                 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1231                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1232                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1233                         if (options & F_MASK) {
1234                                 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1235                                 (void)printf(" mask=%s",
1236                                         inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp.icmp_mask)));
1237                         }
1238                         if (options & F_TIME) {
1239                                 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_otime));
1240                                 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_rtime));
1241                                 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_ttime));
1242                         }
1243                         if (recv_len != send_len) {
1244                                 (void)printf(
1245                                      "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1246                                      recv_len, send_len);
1247                         }
1248                         /* check the data */
1249                         cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp,
1250                                 icmp_data) + phdr_len);
1251                         dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1252                         cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1253                         i = 0;
1254                         if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1255                                 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1256                                 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1257                                 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1258                                 i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1259                         }
1260                         for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1261                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
1262         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1263             i, *dp, *cp);
1264                                         (void)printf("\ncp:");
1265                                         cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen +
1266                                             offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data));
1267                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1268                                                 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1269                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
1270                                                 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1271                                         }
1272                                         (void)printf("\ndp:");
1273                                         cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1274                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1275                                                 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1276                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
1277                                                 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1278                                         }
1279                                         break;
1280                                 }
1281                         }
1282                 }
1283         } else {
1284                 /*
1285                  * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1286                  * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1287                  * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1288                  * and ICMP type and ID.
1289                  *
1290                  * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1291                  * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1292                  * available to those not running as root.
1293                  */
1294                 memcpy(&oip_header_len, icmp_data_raw, sizeof(oip_header_len));
1295                 oip_header_len = (oip_header_len & 0x0f) << 2;
1296                 memcpy(&oip, icmp_data_raw, oip_header_len);
1297                 oicmp_raw = icmp_data_raw + oip_header_len;
1298                 memcpy(&oicmp, oicmp_raw, offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_id) +
1299                     sizeof(oicmp.icmp_id));
1300
1301                 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1302                     (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1303                      (oip.ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1304                      (oip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1305                      (oicmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1306                      (oicmp.icmp_id == ident))) {
1307                     (void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: ", cc,
1308                         pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1309                     pr_icmph(&icp, &oip, oicmp_raw);
1310                 } else
1311                     return;
1312         }
1313
1314         /* Display any IP options */
1315         cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1316
1317         for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1318                 switch (*cp) {
1319                 case IPOPT_EOL:
1320                         hlen = 0;
1321                         break;
1322                 case IPOPT_LSRR:
1323                 case IPOPT_SSRR:
1324                         (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1325                             "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1326                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1327                         hlen -= 2;
1328                         cp += 2;
1329                         if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1330                             j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1331                                 for (;;) {
1332                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1333                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1334                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1335                                         else
1336                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
1337                                                      pr_addr(ina));
1338                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1339                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1340                                         j -= INADDR_LEN;
1341                                         if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1342                                                 break;
1343                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1344                                 }
1345                         } else
1346                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1347                         break;
1348                 case IPOPT_RR:
1349                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];             /* get length */
1350                         i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];           /* and pointer */
1351                         hlen -= 2;
1352                         cp += 2;
1353                         if (i > j)
1354                                 i = j;
1355                         i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1356                         if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1357                                 old_rrlen = 0;
1358                                 continue;
1359                         }
1360                         if (i == old_rrlen
1361                             && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1362                             && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1363                                 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
1364                                 hlen -= i;
1365                                 cp += i;
1366                                 break;
1367                         }
1368                         old_rrlen = i;
1369                         bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1370                         (void)printf("\nRR: ");
1371                         if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1372                             i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1373                                 for (;;) {
1374                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1375                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1376                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1377                                         else
1378                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
1379                                                      pr_addr(ina));
1380                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1381                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1382                                         i -= INADDR_LEN;
1383                                         if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1384                                                 break;
1385                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1386                                 }
1387                         } else
1388                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1389                         break;
1390                 case IPOPT_NOP:
1391                         (void)printf("\nNOP");
1392                         break;
1393                 default:
1394                         (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1395                         break;
1396                 }
1397         if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1398                 (void)putchar('\n');
1399                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1400         }
1401 }
1402
1403 /*
1404  * status --
1405  *      Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1406  */
1407
1408 static void
1409 status(int sig __unused)
1410 {
1411
1412         siginfo_p = 1;
1413 }
1414
1415 static void
1416 check_status(void)
1417 {
1418
1419         if (siginfo_p) {
1420                 siginfo_p = 0;
1421                 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.1f%%)",
1422                     nreceived, ntransmitted,
1423                     ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1424                 if (nreceived && timing)
1425                         (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1426                             tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1427                 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1428         }
1429 }
1430
1431 /*
1432  * finish --
1433  *      Print out statistics, and give up.
1434  */
1435 static void
1436 finish(void)
1437 {
1438
1439         (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1440         (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1441         (void)putchar('\n');
1442         (void)fflush(stdout);
1443         (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1444         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1445         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1446         if (nrepeats)
1447                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1448         if (ntransmitted) {
1449                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1450                         (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1451                 else
1452                         (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss",
1453                             ((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) /
1454                             ntransmitted);
1455         }
1456         if (nrcvtimeout)
1457                 (void)printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout);
1458         (void)putchar('\n');
1459         if (nreceived && timing) {
1460                 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1461                 double avg = tsum / n;
1462                 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1463                 (void)printf(
1464                     "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1465                     tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1466         }
1467
1468         if (nreceived)
1469                 exit(0);
1470         else
1471                 exit(2);
1472 }
1473
1474 #ifdef notdef
1475 static char *ttab[] = {
1476         "Echo Reply",           /* ip + seq + udata */
1477         "Dest Unreachable",     /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1478         "Source Quench",        /* IP */
1479         "Redirect",             /* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1480         "Echo",
1481         "Time Exceeded",        /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1482         "Parameter Problem",    /* pointer + IP */
1483         "Timestamp",            /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1484         "Timestamp Reply",      /* " */
1485         "Info Request",         /* id + sq */
1486         "Info Reply"            /* " */
1487 };
1488 #endif
1489
1490 /*
1491  * pr_icmph --
1492  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1493  */
1494 static void
1495 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, struct ip *oip, const u_char *const oicmp_raw)
1496 {
1497
1498         switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1499         case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1500                 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1501                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1502                 break;
1503         case ICMP_UNREACH:
1504                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1505                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1506                         (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1507                         break;
1508                 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1509                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1510                         break;
1511                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1512                         (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1513                         break;
1514                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1515                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1516                         break;
1517                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1518                         (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1519                                         ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1520                         break;
1521                 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1522                         (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1523                         break;
1524                 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1525                         (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1526                         break;
1527                 default:
1528                         (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1529                             icp->icmp_code);
1530                         break;
1531                 }
1532                 /* Print returned IP header information */
1533                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1534                 break;
1535         case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1536                 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1537                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1538                 break;
1539         case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1540                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1541                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1542                         (void)printf("Redirect Network");
1543                         break;
1544                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1545                         (void)printf("Redirect Host");
1546                         break;
1547                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1548                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1549                         break;
1550                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1551                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1552                         break;
1553                 default:
1554                         (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1555                         break;
1556                 }
1557                 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1558                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1559                 break;
1560         case ICMP_ECHO:
1561                 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1562                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1563                 break;
1564         case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1565                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1566                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1567                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1568                         break;
1569                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1570                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1571                         break;
1572                 default:
1573                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1574                             icp->icmp_code);
1575                         break;
1576                 }
1577                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1578                 break;
1579         case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1580                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1581                     icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1582                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1583                 break;
1584         case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1585                 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1586                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1587                 break;
1588         case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1589                 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1590                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1591                 break;
1592         case ICMP_IREQ:
1593                 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
1594                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1595                 break;
1596         case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1597                 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1598                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1599                 break;
1600         case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1601                 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1602                 break;
1603         case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1604                 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1605                 break;
1606         case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1607                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1608                 break;
1609         case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1610                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1611                 break;
1612         default:
1613                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1614         }
1615 }
1616
1617 /*
1618  * pr_iph --
1619  *      Print an IP header with options.
1620  */
1621 static void
1622 pr_iph(struct ip *ip)
1623 {
1624         struct in_addr ina;
1625         u_char *cp;
1626         int hlen;
1627
1628         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1629         cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;         /* point to options */
1630
1631         (void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1632         (void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1633             ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1634             ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1635         (void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1636             (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1637             (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1638         (void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1639                                                             ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1640         memcpy(&ina, &ip->ip_src.s_addr, sizeof ina);
1641         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(ina));
1642         memcpy(&ina, &ip->ip_dst.s_addr, sizeof ina);
1643         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(ina));
1644         /* dump any option bytes */
1645         while (hlen-- > 20) {
1646                 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1647         }
1648         (void)putchar('\n');
1649 }
1650
1651 /*
1652  * pr_addr --
1653  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1654  * a hostname.
1655  */
1656 static char *
1657 pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)
1658 {
1659         struct hostent *hp;
1660         static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1661
1662         if (options & F_NUMERIC)
1663                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1664
1665         hp = cap_gethostbyaddr(capdns, (char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET);
1666
1667         if (hp == NULL)
1668                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1669
1670         (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1671             inet_ntoa(ina));
1672         return(buf);
1673 }
1674
1675 /*
1676  * pr_retip --
1677  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1678  */
1679 static void
1680 pr_retip(struct ip *ip, const u_char *cp)
1681 {
1682         pr_iph(ip);
1683
1684         if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1685                 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1686                     (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1687         else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1688                 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1689                         (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1690 }
1691
1692 static char *
1693 pr_ntime(n_time timestamp)
1694 {
1695         static char buf[11];
1696         int hour, min, sec;
1697
1698         sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1699         hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1700         min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1701         sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1702
1703         (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1704
1705         return (buf);
1706 }
1707
1708 static void
1709 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
1710 {
1711         char *cp;
1712         int pat[16];
1713         u_int ii, jj, kk;
1714
1715         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1716                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1717                         errx(EX_USAGE,
1718                             "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1719
1720         }
1721         ii = sscanf(patp,
1722             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1723             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1724             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1725             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1726
1727         if (ii > 0)
1728                 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1729                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1730                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1731         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1732                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1733                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1734                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1735                 (void)printf("\n");
1736         }
1737 }
1738
1739 static cap_channel_t *
1740 capdns_setup(void)
1741 {
1742         cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
1743 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1744         const char *types[2];
1745         int families[1];
1746 #endif
1747         capcas = cap_init();
1748         if (capcas == NULL)
1749                 err(1, "unable to create casper process");
1750         capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
1751         /* Casper capability no longer needed. */
1752         cap_close(capcas);
1753         if (capdnsloc == NULL)
1754                 err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
1755 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1756         types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
1757         types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
1758         if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, 2) < 0)
1759                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1760         families[0] = AF_INET;
1761         if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, 1) < 0)
1762                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1763 #endif
1764         return (capdnsloc);
1765 }
1766
1767 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1768 #define SECOPT          " [-P policy]"
1769 #else
1770 #define SECOPT          ""
1771 #endif
1772 static void
1773 usage(void)
1774 {
1775
1776         (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n",
1777 "usage: ping [-AaDdfHnoQqRrv] [-C pcp] [-c count] [-G sweepmaxsize] [-g sweepminsize]",
1778 "            [-h sweepincrsize] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]",
1779 "           " SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize] [-t timeout]",
1780 "            [-W waittime] [-z tos] host",
1781 "       ping [-AaDdfHLnoQqRrv] [-C pcp] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]",
1782 "            [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]",
1783 "            [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-W waittime]",
1784 "            [-z tos] mcast-group");
1785         exit(EX_USAGE);
1786 }