sbin/ping/ping.c

   1 /*-
   2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   8  * Mike Muuss.
   9  *
  10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  12  * are met:
  13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  20  *    without specific prior written permission.
  21  *
  22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  33  */
  34
  35 #if 0
  36 #ifndef lint
  37 static const char copyright[] =
  38 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
  39         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  40 #endif /* not lint */
  41
  42 #ifndef lint
  43 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
  44 #endif /* not lint */
  45 #endif
  46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  48
  49 /*
  50  *                      P I N G . C
  51  *
  52  * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  53  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  54  *
  55  * Author -
  56  *      Mike Muuss
  57  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  58  *      December, 1983
  59  *
  60  * Status -
  61  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  62  * Bugs -
  63  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  64  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  65  */
  66
  67 #include <sys/param.h>          /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */
  68 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
  69 #include <sys/socket.h>
  70 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  71 #include <sys/time.h>
  72 #include <sys/uio.h>
  73
  74 #include <netinet/in.h>
  75 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  76 #include <netinet/ip.h>
  77 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  78 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  79 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  80
  81 #include <libcasper.h>
  82 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
  83
  84 #ifdef IPSEC
  85 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
  86 #endif /*IPSEC*/
  87
  88 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
  89 #include <ctype.h>
  90 #include <err.h>
  91 #include <errno.h>
  92 #include <math.h>
  93 #include <netdb.h>
  94 #include <stddef.h>
  95 #include <signal.h>
  96 #include <stdio.h>
  97 #include <stdlib.h>
  98 #include <string.h>
  99 #include <sysexits.h>
 100 #include <time.h>
 101 #include <unistd.h>
 102
 103 #include "main.h"
 104 #include "ping.h"
 105 #include "utils.h"
 106
 107 #define INADDR_LEN      ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t))
 108 #define TIMEVAL_LEN     ((int)sizeof(struct tv32))
 109 #define MASK_LEN        (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
 110 #define TS_LEN          (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN)
 111 #define DEFDATALEN      56              /* default data length */
 112 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF   20000           /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */
 113                                         /* runs out of buffer space */
 114 #define MAXIPLEN        (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 115 #define MAXICMPLEN      (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN)
 116 #define MAXWAIT         10000           /* max ms to wait for response */
 117 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 118 #define MAXTOS          255
 119
 120 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 121 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 122 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 123 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 124 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 125
 126 struct tv32 {
 127         int32_t tv32_sec;
 128         int32_t tv32_nsec;
 129 };
 130
 131 /* various options */
 132 static int options;
 133 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 134 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 135 #define F_NUMERIC       0x0004
 136 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 137 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 138 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 139 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 140 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE  0x0080
 141 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 142 #define F_QUIET2        0x0200
 143 #define F_NOLOOP        0x0400
 144 #define F_MTTL          0x0800
 145 #define F_MIF           0x1000
 146 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x2000
 147 #ifdef IPSEC
 148 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 149 #define F_POLICY        0x4000
 150 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 151 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 152 #define F_TTL           0x8000
 153 #define F_MISSED        0x10000
 154 #define F_ONCE          0x20000
 155 #define F_HDRINCL       0x40000
 156 #define F_MASK          0x80000
 157 #define F_TIME          0x100000
 158 #define F_SWEEP         0x200000
 159 #define F_WAITTIME      0x400000
 160 #define F_IP_VLAN_PCP   0x800000
 161 #define F_DOT           0x1000000
 162
 163 /*
 164  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 165  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 166  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 167  */
 168 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 128)
 169 static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 170 static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 171
 172 static struct sockaddr_in whereto;      /* who to ping */
 173 static int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 174 static int maxpayload;
 175 static int ssend;               /* send socket file descriptor */
 176 static int srecv;               /* receive socket file descriptor */
 177 static u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack;
 178 static char BBELL = '\a';       /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */
 179 static char BSPACE = '\b';      /* characters written for flood */
 180 static const char *DOT = ".";
 181 static size_t DOTlen = 1;
 182 static size_t DOTidx = 0;
 183 static char *hostname;
 184 static char *shostname;
 185 static int ident;               /* process id to identify our packets */
 186 static int uid;                 /* cached uid for micro-optimization */
 187 static u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
 188 static u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY;
 189 static int phdr_len = 0;
 190 static int send_len;
 191
 192 /* counters */
 193 static long nmissedmax;         /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
 194 static long npackets;           /* max packets to transmit */
 195 static long nreceived;          /* # of packets we got back */
 196 static long nrepeats;           /* number of duplicates */
 197 static long ntransmitted;       /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 198 static long snpackets;                  /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */
 199 static long sntransmitted;      /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */
 200 static int sweepmax;            /* max value of payload in sweep */
 201 static int sweepmin = 0;        /* start value of payload in sweep */
 202 static int sweepincr = 1;       /* payload increment in sweep */
 203 static int interval = 1000;     /* interval between packets, ms */
 204 static int waittime = MAXWAIT;  /* timeout for each packet */
 205 static long nrcvtimeout = 0;    /* # of packets we got back after waittime */
 206
 207 /* timing */
 208 static int timing;              /* flag to do timing */
 209 static double tmin = 999999999.0;       /* minimum round trip time */
 210 static double tmax = 0.0;       /* maximum round trip time */
 211 static double tsum = 0.0;       /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 212 static double tsumsq = 0.0;     /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 213
 214 /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */
 215 static volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up;
 216 static volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p;
 217
 218 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
 219
 220 static void fill(char *, char *);
 221 static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
 222 static void check_status(void);
 223 static void finish(void) __dead2;
 224 static void pinger(void);
 225 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr);
 226 static char *pr_ntime(n_time);
 227 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct ip *, const u_char *const);
 228 static void pr_iph(struct ip *);
 229 static void pr_pack(char *, ssize_t, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timespec *);
 230 static void pr_retip(struct ip *, const u_char *);
 231 static void status(int);
 232 static void stopit(int);
 233
 234 int
 235 ping(int argc, char *const *argv)
 236 {
 237         struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in;
 238         struct in_addr ifaddr;
 239         struct timespec last, intvl;
 240         struct iovec iov;
 241         struct msghdr msg;
 242         struct sigaction si_sa;
 243         size_t sz;
 244         u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET] __aligned(4);
 245         const char *errstr;
 246         char *ep, *source, *target, *payload;
 247         struct hostent *hp;
 248 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 249         char *policy_in, *policy_out;
 250 #endif
 251         struct sockaddr_in *to;
 252         double t;
 253         u_long alarmtimeout;
 254         long long ltmp;
 255         int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload;
 256         int ssend_errno, srecv_errno, tos, ttl, pcp;
 257         char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timespec))];
 258         char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 259 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 260         char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN];      /* record route space */
 261 #endif
 262         unsigned char loop, mttl;
 263
 264         payload = source = NULL;
 265 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 266         policy_in = policy_out = NULL;
 267 #endif
 268         cap_rights_t rights;
 269
 270         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 271
 272         /*
 273          * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and
 274          * then drop our setuid bit.  Save error reporting for
 275          * after arg parsing.
 276          *
 277          * Historicaly ping was using one socket 's' for sending and for
 278          * receiving. After capsicum(4) related changes we use two
 279          * sockets. It was done for special ping use case - when user
 280          * issue ping on multicast or broadcast address replies come
 281          * from different addresses, not from the address we
 282          * connect(2)'ed to, and send socket do not receive those
 283          * packets.
 284          */
 285         ssend = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 286         ssend_errno = errno;
 287         srecv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
 288         srecv_errno = errno;
 289
 290         if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
 291                 err(EX_NOPERM, "setuid() failed");
 292         uid = getuid();
 293
 294         if (ssend < 0) {
 295                 errno = ssend_errno;
 296                 err(EX_OSERR, "ssend socket");
 297         }
 298
 299         if (srecv < 0) {
 300                 errno = srecv_errno;
 301                 err(EX_OSERR, "srecv socket");
 302         }
 303
 304         alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = pcp = 0;
 305
 306         outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip);
 307         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PING4OPTS)) != -1) {
 308                 switch(ch) {
 309                 case '.':
 310                         options |= F_DOT;
 311                         if (optarg != NULL) {
 312                                 DOT = optarg;
 313                                 DOTlen = strlen(optarg);
 314                         }
 315                         break;
 316                 case '4':
 317                         /* This option is processed in main(). */
 318                         break;
 319                 case 'A':
 320                         options |= F_MISSED;
 321                         break;
 322                 case 'a':
 323                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 324                         break;
 325                 case 'C':
 326                         options |= F_IP_VLAN_PCP;
 327                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, -1, 7, &errstr);
 328                         if (errstr != NULL)
 329                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid PCP: `%s'", optarg);
 330                         pcp = ltmp;
 331                         break;
 332                 case 'c':
 333                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, LONG_MAX, &errstr);
 334                         if (errstr != NULL)
 335                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 336                                     "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'",
 337                                     optarg);
 338                         npackets = (long)ltmp;
 339                         break;
 340                 case 'D':
 341                         options |= F_HDRINCL;
 342                         df = 1;
 343                         break;
 344                 case 'd':
 345                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 346                         break;
 347                 case 'f':
 348                         if (uid) {
 349                                 errno = EPERM;
 350                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag");
 351                         }
 352                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 353                         options |= F_DOT;
 354                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 355                         break;
 356                 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */
 357                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 358                         if (errstr != NULL) {
 359                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 360                                     optarg);
 361                         }
 362                         sweepmax = (int)ltmp;
 363                         if (uid != 0 && sweepmax > DEFDATALEN) {
 364                                 errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
 365                                     "packet size too large: %d > %u",
 366                                     sweepmax, DEFDATALEN);
 367                         }
 368                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 369                         break;
 370                 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */
 371                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 372                         if (errstr != NULL) {
 373                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 374                                     optarg);
 375                         }
 376                         sweepmin = (int)ltmp;
 377                         if (uid != 0 && sweepmin > DEFDATALEN) {
 378                                 errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
 379                                     "packet size too large: %d > %u",
 380                                     sweepmin, DEFDATALEN);
 381                         }
 382                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 383                         break;
 384                 case 'H':
 385                         options &= ~F_NUMERIC;
 386                         break;
 387                 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */
 388                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 1, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 389                         if (errstr != NULL) {
 390                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 391                                     optarg);
 392                         }
 393                         sweepincr = (int)ltmp;
 394                         if (uid != 0 && sweepincr > DEFDATALEN) {
 395                                 errc(EX_NOPERM, EPERM,
 396                                     "packet size too large: %d > %u",
 397                                     sweepincr, DEFDATALEN);
 398                         }
 399                         options |= F_SWEEP;
 400                         break;
 401                 case 'I':               /* multicast interface */
 402                         if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0)
 403                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 404                                     "invalid multicast interface: `%s'",
 405                                     optarg);
 406                         options |= F_MIF;
 407                         break;
 408                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 409                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0;
 410                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 411                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 412                                     optarg);
 413                         options |= F_INTERVAL;
 414                         interval = (int)t;
 415                         if (uid && interval < 1000) {
 416                                 errno = EPERM;
 417                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short");
 418                         }
 419                         break;
 420                 case 'L':
 421                         options |= F_NOLOOP;
 422                         loop = 0;
 423                         break;
 424                 case 'l':
 425                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 426                         if (errstr != NULL)
 427                                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 428                                     "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg);
 429                         if (uid) {
 430                                 errno = EPERM;
 431                                 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag");
 432                         }
 433                         preload = (int)ltmp;
 434                         break;
 435                 case 'M':
 436                         switch(optarg[0]) {
 437                         case 'M':
 438                         case 'm':
 439                                 options |= F_MASK;
 440                                 break;
 441                         case 'T':
 442                         case 't':
 443                                 options |= F_TIME;
 444                                 break;
 445                         default:
 446                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]);
 447                                 break;
 448                         }
 449                         break;
 450                 case 'm':               /* TTL */
 451                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, MAXTTL, &errstr);
 452                         if (errstr != NULL)
 453                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg);
 454                         ttl = (int)ltmp;
 455                         options |= F_TTL;
 456                         break;
 457                 case 'n':
 458                         options |= F_NUMERIC;
 459                         break;
 460                 case 'o':
 461                         options |= F_ONCE;
 462                         break;
 463 #ifdef IPSEC
 464 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 465                 case 'P':
 466                         options |= F_POLICY;
 467                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2))
 468                                 policy_in = strdup(optarg);
 469                         else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3))
 470                                 policy_out = strdup(optarg);
 471                         else
 472                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 473                         break;
 474 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 475 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 476                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 477                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 478                         payload = optarg;
 479                         break;
 480                 case 'Q':
 481                         options |= F_QUIET2;
 482                         break;
 483                 case 'q':
 484                         options |= F_QUIET;
 485                         break;
 486                 case 'R':
 487                         options |= F_RROUTE;
 488                         break;
 489                 case 'r':
 490                         options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
 491                         break;
 492                 case 'S':
 493                         source = optarg;
 494                         break;
 495                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 496                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX, &errstr);
 497                         if (errstr != NULL)
 498                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'",
 499                                     optarg);
 500                         datalen = (int)ltmp;
 501                         if (uid != 0 && datalen > DEFDATALEN) {
 502                                 errno = EPERM;
 503                                 err(EX_NOPERM,
 504                                     "packet size too large: %d > %u",
 505                                     datalen, DEFDATALEN);
 506                         }
 507                         break;
 508                 case 'T':               /* multicast TTL */
 509                         ltmp = strtonum(optarg, 0, MAXTTL, &errstr);
 510                         if (errstr != NULL)
 511                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'",
 512                                     optarg);
 513                         mttl = (unsigned char)ltmp;
 514                         options |= F_MTTL;
 515                         break;
 516                 case 't':
 517                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
 518                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 519                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 520                                     optarg);
 521                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 522                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 523                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 524                         {
 525                                 struct itimerval itv;
 526
 527                                 timerclear(&itv.it_interval);
 528                                 timerclear(&itv.it_value);
 529                                 itv.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t)alarmtimeout;
 530                                 if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) != 0)
 531                                         err(1, "setitimer");
 532                         }
 533                         break;
 534                 case 'v':
 535                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 536                         break;
 537                 case 'W':               /* wait ms for answer */
 538                         t = strtod(optarg, &ep);
 539                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 540                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 541                                     optarg);
 542                         options |= F_WAITTIME;
 543                         waittime = (int)t;
 544                         break;
 545                 case 'z':
 546                         options |= F_HDRINCL;
 547                         ltmp = strtol(optarg, &ep, 0);
 548                         if (*ep || ep == optarg || ltmp > MAXTOS || ltmp < 0)
 549                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg);
 550                         tos = ltmp;
 551                         break;
 552                 default:
 553                         usage();
 554                 }
 555         }
 556
 557         if (argc - optind != 1)
 558                 usage();
 559         target = argv[optind];
 560
 561         switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) {
 562         case 0: break;
 563         case F_MASK:
 564                 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ;
 565                 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY;
 566                 phdr_len = MASK_LEN;
 567                 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
 568                         (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n");
 569                 break;
 570         case F_TIME:
 571                 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP;
 572                 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY;
 573                 phdr_len = TS_LEN;
 574                 if (!(options & F_QUIET))
 575                         (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n");
 576                 break;
 577         default:
 578                 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive.");
 579                 break;
 580         }
 581         icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
 582         if (options & F_RROUTE)
 583                 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN;
 584         maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len;
 585         if (datalen > maxpayload)
 586                 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen,
 587                     maxpayload);
 588         send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
 589         datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN];
 590         if (options & F_PINGFILLED) {
 591                 fill((char *)datap, payload);
 592         }
 593         capdns = capdns_setup();
 594         if (source) {
 595                 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in));
 596                 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET;
 597                 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) {
 598                         shostname = source;
 599                 } else {
 600                         hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, source, AF_INET);
 601                         if (!hp)
 602                                 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 603                                     source, hstrerror(h_errno));
 604
 605                         sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in;
 606                         if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) ||
 607                             hp->h_length < 0)
 608                                 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address");
 609                         memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
 610                             sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr));
 611                         (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name,
 612                             sizeof(snamebuf) - 1);
 613                         snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 614                         shostname = snamebuf;
 615                 }
 616                 if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) ==
 617                     -1)
 618                         err(1, "bind");
 619         }
 620
 621         bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto));
 622         to = &whereto;
 623         to->sin_family = AF_INET;
 624         to->sin_len = sizeof *to;
 625         if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) {
 626                 hostname = target;
 627         } else {
 628                 hp = cap_gethostbyname2(capdns, target, AF_INET);
 629                 if (!hp)
 630                         errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
 631                             target, hstrerror(h_errno));
 632
 633                 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr))
 634                         errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address");
 635                 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr);
 636                 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
 637                 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0';
 638                 hostname = hnamebuf;
 639         }
 640
 641         /* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
 642 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
 643         if (capdns != NULL) {
 644                 const char *types[1];
 645
 646                 types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
 647                 if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, 1) < 0)
 648                         err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
 649         }
 650 #endif
 651         if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, sizeof(whereto)) != 0)
 652                 err(1, "connect");
 653
 654         if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL)
 655                 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options");
 656
 657         if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 658                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 659                     "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination");
 660         if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL)
 661             && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr)))
 662                 errx(EX_USAGE,
 663                     "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination");
 664
 665         if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN)     /* can we time transfer */
 666                 timing = 1;
 667
 668         if ((options & (F_PINGFILLED | F_SWEEP)) == 0)
 669                 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i)
 670                         *datap++ = i;
 671
 672         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 673
 674         hold = 1;
 675         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
 676                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 677                     sizeof(hold));
 678                 (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 679                     sizeof(hold));
 680         }
 681         if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
 682                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
 683                     sizeof(hold));
 684         if (options & F_IP_VLAN_PCP) {
 685                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_VLAN_PCP, (char *)&pcp,
 686                     sizeof(pcp));
 687         }
 688 #ifdef IPSEC
 689 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 690         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 691                 char *buf;
 692                 if (policy_in != NULL) {
 693                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in));
 694                         if (buf == NULL)
 695                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 696                         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 697                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 698                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 699                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 700                         free(buf);
 701                 }
 702
 703                 if (policy_out != NULL) {
 704                         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out));
 705                         if (buf == NULL)
 706                                 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 707                         if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY,
 708                                         buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
 709                                 err(EX_CONFIG,
 710                                     "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
 711                         free(buf);
 712                 }
 713         }
 714 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 715 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 716
 717         if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
 718                 struct ip ip;
 719
 720                 memcpy(&ip, outpackhdr, sizeof(ip));
 721                 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) {
 722                         mib[0] = CTL_NET;
 723                         mib[1] = PF_INET;
 724                         mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP;
 725                         mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL;
 726                         sz = sizeof(ttl);
 727                         if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
 728                                 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)");
 729                 }
 730                 setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold));
 731                 ip.ip_v = IPVERSION;
 732                 ip.ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2;
 733                 ip.ip_tos = tos;
 734                 ip.ip_id = 0;
 735                 ip.ip_off = htons(df ? IP_DF : 0);
 736                 ip.ip_ttl = ttl;
 737                 ip.ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP;
 738                 ip.ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY;
 739                 ip.ip_dst = to->sin_addr;
 740                 memcpy(outpackhdr, &ip, sizeof(ip));
 741         }
 742
 743         /*
 744          * Here we enter capability mode. Further down access to global
 745          * namespaces (e.g filesystem) is restricted (see capsicum(4)).
 746          * We must connect(2) our socket before this point.
 747          */
 748         caph_cache_catpages();
 749         if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
 750                 err(1, "caph_enter_casper");
 751
 752         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
 753         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
 754                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv");
 755         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
 756         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
 757                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend");
 758
 759         /* record route option */
 760         if (options & F_RROUTE) {
 761 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS
 762                 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace));
 763                 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
 764                 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1;
 765                 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
 766                 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL;
 767                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
 768                     sizeof(rspace)) < 0)
 769                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS");
 770 #else
 771                 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
 772                     "record route not available in this implementation");
 773 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
 774         }
 775
 776         if (options & F_TTL) {
 777                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl,
 778                     sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
 779                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL");
 780                 }
 781         }
 782         if (options & F_NOLOOP) {
 783                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop,
 784                     sizeof(loop)) < 0) {
 785                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 786                 }
 787         }
 788         if (options & F_MTTL) {
 789                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl,
 790                     sizeof(mttl)) < 0) {
 791                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL");
 792                 }
 793         }
 794         if (options & F_MIF) {
 795                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr,
 796                     sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) {
 797                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF");
 798                 }
 799         }
 800 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 801         {
 802                 int on = 1;
 803                 int ts_clock = SO_TS_MONOTONIC;
 804                 if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on,
 805                     sizeof(on)) < 0)
 806                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP");
 807                 if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TS_CLOCK, &ts_clock,
 808                     sizeof(ts_clock)) < 0)
 809                         err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TS_CLOCK");
 810         }
 811 #endif
 812         if (sweepmax) {
 813                 if (sweepmin > sweepmax)
 814                         errx(EX_USAGE,
 815             "Maximum packet size must be no less than the minimum packet size");
 816
 817                 if (sweepmax > maxpayload - TIMEVAL_LEN)
 818                         errx(EX_USAGE, "Invalid sweep maximum");
 819
 820                 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN)
 821                         errx(EX_USAGE,
 822                     "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive");
 823
 824                 if (npackets > 0) {
 825                         snpackets = npackets;
 826                         npackets = 0;
 827                 } else
 828                         snpackets = 1;
 829                 datalen = sweepmin;
 830                 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin;
 831         }
 832         if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax)
 833                 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified");
 834
 835         /*
 836          * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
 837          * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
 838          * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
 839          * /etc/ethers.  But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast
 840          * or multicast pings if they wish.
 841          */
 842
 843         /*
 844          * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead
 845          * as well.
 846          */
 847         hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128;
 848         (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
 849             sizeof(hold));
 850         /* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
 851         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT);
 852         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights) < 0)
 853                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
 854         if (uid == 0)
 855                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold,
 856                     sizeof(hold));
 857         /* CAP_SETSOCKOPT removed */
 858         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND);
 859         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights) < 0)
 860                 err(1, "cap_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
 861
 862         if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) {
 863                 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname,
 864                     inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr));
 865                 if (source)
 866                         (void)printf(" from %s", shostname);
 867                 if (sweepmax)
 868                         (void)printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
 869                             sweepmin, sweepmax);
 870                 else
 871                         (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen);
 872
 873         } else {
 874                 if (sweepmax)
 875                         (void)printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n",
 876                             hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax);
 877                 else
 878                         (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
 879         }
 880
 881         /*
 882          * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics,
 883          * in particular with SA_RESTART not set.
 884          */
 885
 886         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
 887         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
 888
 889         si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 890         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 891                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
 892         }
 893
 894         si_sa.sa_handler = status;
 895         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) {
 896                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction");
 897         }
 898
 899         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
 900                 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit;
 901                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
 902                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
 903         }
 904
 905         bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 906         msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
 907         msg.msg_iov = &iov;
 908         msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
 909 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 910         msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl;
 911         msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl);
 912 #endif
 913         iov.iov_base = packet;
 914         iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET;
 915
 916         if (preload == 0)
 917                 pinger();               /* send the first ping */
 918         else {
 919                 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
 920                         preload = npackets;
 921                 while (preload--)       /* fire off them quickies */
 922                         pinger();
 923         }
 924         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
 925
 926         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
 927                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
 928                 intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
 929         } else {
 930                 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 931                 intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;
 932         }
 933
 934         almost_done = 0;
 935         while (!finish_up) {
 936                 struct timespec now, timeout;
 937                 fd_set rfds;
 938                 int n;
 939                 ssize_t cc;
 940
 941                 check_status();
 942                 if ((unsigned)srecv >= FD_SETSIZE)
 943                         errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large");
 944                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
 945                 FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
 946                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
 947                 timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
 948                 timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
 949                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
 950                         timespecclear(&timeout);
 951                 n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
 952                 if (n < 0)
 953                         continue;       /* Must be EINTR. */
 954                 if (n == 1) {
 955                         struct timespec *tv = NULL;
 956 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 957                         struct cmsghdr *cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
 958 #endif
 959                         msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
 960                         if ((cc = recvmsg(srecv, &msg, 0)) < 0) {
 961                                 if (errno == EINTR)
 962                                         continue;
 963                                 warn("recvmsg");
 964                                 continue;
 965                         }
 966 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP
 967                         if (cmsg != NULL &&
 968                             cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET &&
 969                             cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP &&
 970                             cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) {
 971                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
 972                                 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now));
 973                                 tv = &now;
 974                         }
 975 #endif
 976                         if (tv == NULL) {
 977                                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
 978                                 tv = &now;
 979                         }
 980                         pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv);
 981                         if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) ||
 982                             (npackets && nreceived >= npackets))
 983                                 break;
 984                 }
 985                 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) {
 986                         if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) {
 987                                 if (datalen + sweepincr > sweepmax)
 988                                         break;
 989                                 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr; i++)
 990                                         *datap++ = i;
 991                                 datalen += sweepincr;
 992                                 send_len = icmp_len + datalen;
 993                                 sntransmitted = 0;
 994                         }
 995                         if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
 996                                 pinger();
 997                         else {
 998                                 if (almost_done)
 999                                         break;
1000                                 almost_done = 1;
1001                                 intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
1002                                 if (nreceived) {
1003                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
1004                                         if (!intvl.tv_sec)
1005                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
1006                                 } else {
1007                                         intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
1008                                         intvl.tv_nsec = waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
1009                                 }
1010                         }
1011                         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1012                         if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
1013                                 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
1014                                 if (options & F_MISSED)
1015                                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1016                         }
1017                 }
1018         }
1019         finish();
1020         /* NOTREACHED */
1021         exit(0);        /* Make the compiler happy */
1022 }
1023
1024 /*
1025  * stopit --
1026  *      Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit.
1027  * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much
1028  * to be called from a signal handler.
1029  */
1030 void
1031 stopit(int sig __unused)
1032 {
1033
1034         /*
1035          * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not
1036          * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
1037          */
1038         if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up)
1039                 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
1040         finish_up = 1;
1041 }
1042
1043 /*
1044  * pinger --
1045  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1046  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1047  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first TIMEVAL_LEN
1048  * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in
1049  * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1050  */
1051 static void
1052 pinger(void)
1053 {
1054         struct timespec now;
1055         struct tv32 tv32;
1056         struct icmp icp;
1057         int cc, i;
1058         u_char *packet;
1059
1060         packet = outpack;
1061         memcpy(&icp, outpack, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1062         icp.icmp_type = icmp_type;
1063         icp.icmp_code = 0;
1064         icp.icmp_cksum = 0;
1065         icp.icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted);
1066         icp.icmp_id = ident;                    /* ID */
1067
1068         CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck);
1069
1070         if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) {
1071                 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
1072                 /*
1073                  * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
1074                  * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
1075                  * packet. We're only concerned with
1076                  * durations, not absolute times.
1077                  */
1078                 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec);
1079                 tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_nsec);
1080                 if (options & F_TIME)
1081                         icp.icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60))
1082                                 * 1000 + now.tv_nsec / 1000000);
1083                 if (timing)
1084                         bcopy((void *)&tv32,
1085                             (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len],
1086                             sizeof(tv32));
1087         }
1088
1089         memcpy(outpack, &icp, ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len);
1090
1091         cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen;
1092
1093         /* compute ICMP checksum here */
1094         icp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum(outpack, cc);
1095         /* Update icmp_cksum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1096         memcpy(outpack + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_cksum), &icp.icmp_cksum,
1097             sizeof(icp.icmp_cksum));
1098
1099         if (options & F_HDRINCL) {
1100                 struct ip ip;
1101
1102                 cc += sizeof(struct ip);
1103                 ip.ip_len = htons(cc);
1104                 /* Update ip_len in the raw packet data buffer. */
1105                 memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_len), &ip.ip_len,
1106                     sizeof(ip.ip_len));
1107                 ip.ip_sum = in_cksum(outpackhdr, cc);
1108                 /* Update ip_sum in the raw packet data buffer. */
1109                 memcpy(outpackhdr + offsetof(struct ip, ip_sum), &ip.ip_sum,
1110                     sizeof(ip.ip_sum));
1111                 packet = outpackhdr;
1112         }
1113         i = send(ssend, (char *)packet, cc, 0);
1114         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
1115                 if (i < 0) {
1116                         if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) {
1117                                 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF);
1118                                 return;
1119                         }
1120                         warn("sendto");
1121                 } else {
1122                         warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes",
1123                              hostname, i, cc);
1124                 }
1125         }
1126         ntransmitted++;
1127         sntransmitted++;
1128         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_DOT)
1129                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT[DOTidx++ % DOTlen], 1);
1130 }
1131
1132 /*
1133  * pr_pack --
1134  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1135  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1136  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1137  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1138  */
1139 static void
1140 pr_pack(char *buf, ssize_t cc, struct sockaddr_in *from, struct timespec *tv)
1141 {
1142         struct in_addr ina;
1143         u_char *cp, *dp, l;
1144         struct icmp icp;
1145         struct ip ip;
1146         const u_char *icmp_data_raw;
1147         double triptime;
1148         int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len;
1149         uint16_t seq;
1150         static int old_rrlen;
1151         static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
1152         struct ip oip;
1153         u_char oip_header_len;
1154         struct icmp oicmp;
1155         const u_char *oicmp_raw;
1156
1157         /*
1158          * Get size of IP header of the received packet. The
1159          * information is contained in the lower four bits of the
1160          * first byte.
1161          */
1162         memcpy(&l, buf, sizeof(l));
1163         hlen = (l & 0x0f) << 2;
1164         memcpy(&ip, buf, hlen);
1165
1166         /* Check the IP header */
1167         recv_len = cc;
1168         if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
1169                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1170                         warn("packet too short (%zd bytes) from %s", cc,
1171                              inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr));
1172                 return;
1173         }
1174
1175 #ifndef icmp_data
1176         icmp_data_raw = buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_ip);
1177 #else
1178         icmp_data_raw = buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data);
1179 #endif
1180
1181         /* Now the ICMP part */
1182         cc -= hlen;
1183         memcpy(&icp, buf + hlen, MIN((ssize_t)sizeof(icp), cc));
1184         if (icp.icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) {
1185                 if (icp.icmp_id != ident)
1186                         return;                 /* 'Twas not our ECHO */
1187                 ++nreceived;
1188                 triptime = 0.0;
1189                 if (timing) {
1190                         struct timespec tv1;
1191                         struct tv32 tv32;
1192                         const u_char *tp;
1193
1194                         tp = icmp_data_raw + phdr_len;
1195
1196                         if ((size_t)(cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len) >=
1197                             sizeof(tv1)) {
1198                                 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */
1199                                 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32));
1200                                 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec);
1201                                 tv1.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_nsec);
1202                                 timespecsub(tv, &tv1, tv);
1203                                 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1204                                     ((double)tv->tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
1205                                 tsum += triptime;
1206                                 tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
1207                                 if (triptime < tmin)
1208                                         tmin = triptime;
1209                                 if (triptime > tmax)
1210                                         tmax = triptime;
1211                         } else
1212                                 timing = 0;
1213                 }
1214
1215                 seq = ntohs(icp.icmp_seq);
1216
1217                 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1218                         ++nrepeats;
1219                         --nreceived;
1220                         dupflag = 1;
1221                 } else {
1222                         SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1223                         dupflag = 0;
1224                 }
1225
1226                 if (options & F_QUIET)
1227                         return;
1228
1229                 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1230                         ++nrcvtimeout;
1231                         return;
1232                 }
1233
1234                 if (options & F_DOT)
1235                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1236                 else {
1237                         (void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1238                             pr_addr(from->sin_addr), seq);
1239                         (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip.ip_ttl);
1240                         if (timing)
1241                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1242                         if (dupflag)
1243                                 (void)printf(" (DUP!)");
1244                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1245                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1246                         if (options & F_MASK) {
1247                                 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */
1248                                 (void)printf(" mask=%s",
1249                                         inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp.icmp_mask)));
1250                         }
1251                         if (options & F_TIME) {
1252                                 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_otime));
1253                                 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_rtime));
1254                                 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp.icmp_ttime));
1255                         }
1256                         if (recv_len != send_len) {
1257                                 (void)printf(
1258                                      "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d",
1259                                      recv_len, send_len);
1260                         }
1261                         /* check the data */
1262                         cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen + offsetof(struct icmp,
1263                                 icmp_data) + phdr_len);
1264                         dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len];
1265                         cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len;
1266                         i = 0;
1267                         if (timing) {   /* don't check variable timestamp */
1268                                 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1269                                 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1270                                 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN;
1271                                 i += TIMEVAL_LEN;
1272                         }
1273                         for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) {
1274                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
1275         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
1276             i, *dp, *cp);
1277                                         (void)printf("\ncp:");
1278                                         cp = (u_char*)(buf + hlen +
1279                                             offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data));
1280                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1281                                                 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1282                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
1283                                                 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1284                                         }
1285                                         (void)printf("\ndp:");
1286                                         cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN];
1287                                         for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
1288                                                 if ((i % 16) == 8)
1289                                                         (void)printf("\n\t");
1290                                                 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp);
1291                                         }
1292                                         break;
1293                                 }
1294                         }
1295                 }
1296         } else {
1297                 /*
1298                  * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY.
1299                  * See if it's a reply to something that we sent.
1300                  * We can compare IP destination, protocol,
1301                  * and ICMP type and ID.
1302                  *
1303                  * Only print all the error messages if we are running
1304                  * as root to avoid leaking information not normally
1305                  * available to those not running as root.
1306                  */
1307                 memcpy(&oip_header_len, icmp_data_raw, sizeof(oip_header_len));
1308                 oip_header_len = (oip_header_len & 0x0f) << 2;
1309                 memcpy(&oip, icmp_data_raw, oip_header_len);
1310                 oicmp_raw = icmp_data_raw + oip_header_len;
1311                 memcpy(&oicmp, oicmp_raw, offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_id) +
1312                     sizeof(oicmp.icmp_id));
1313
1314                 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) ||
1315                     (!(options & F_QUIET2) &&
1316                      (oip.ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
1317                      (oip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) &&
1318                      (oicmp.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) &&
1319                      (oicmp.icmp_id == ident))) {
1320                     (void)printf("%zd bytes from %s: ", cc,
1321                         pr_addr(from->sin_addr));
1322                     pr_icmph(&icp, &oip, oicmp_raw);
1323                 } else
1324                     return;
1325         }
1326
1327         /* Display any IP options */
1328         cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
1329
1330         for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
1331                 switch (*cp) {
1332                 case IPOPT_EOL:
1333                         hlen = 0;
1334                         break;
1335                 case IPOPT_LSRR:
1336                 case IPOPT_SSRR:
1337                         (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ?
1338                             "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: ");
1339                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1340                         hlen -= 2;
1341                         cp += 2;
1342                         if (j >= INADDR_LEN &&
1343                             j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1344                                 for (;;) {
1345                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1346                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1347                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1348                                         else
1349                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
1350                                                      pr_addr(ina));
1351                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1352                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1353                                         j -= INADDR_LEN;
1354                                         if (j < INADDR_LEN)
1355                                                 break;
1356                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1357                                 }
1358                         } else
1359                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n");
1360                         break;
1361                 case IPOPT_RR:
1362                         j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN];             /* get length */
1363                         i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET];           /* and pointer */
1364                         hlen -= 2;
1365                         cp += 2;
1366                         if (i > j)
1367                                 i = j;
1368                         i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1;
1369                         if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) {
1370                                 old_rrlen = 0;
1371                                 continue;
1372                         }
1373                         if (i == old_rrlen
1374                             && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
1375                             && !(options & F_DOT)) {
1376                                 (void)printf("\t(same route)");
1377                                 hlen -= i;
1378                                 cp += i;
1379                                 break;
1380                         }
1381                         old_rrlen = i;
1382                         bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i);
1383                         (void)printf("\nRR: ");
1384                         if (i >= INADDR_LEN &&
1385                             i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) {
1386                                 for (;;) {
1387                                         bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN);
1388                                         if (ina.s_addr == 0)
1389                                                 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
1390                                         else
1391                                                 (void)printf("\t%s",
1392                                                      pr_addr(ina));
1393                                         hlen -= INADDR_LEN;
1394                                         cp += INADDR_LEN - 1;
1395                                         i -= INADDR_LEN;
1396                                         if (i < INADDR_LEN)
1397                                                 break;
1398                                         (void)putchar('\n');
1399                                 }
1400                         } else
1401                                 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)");
1402                         break;
1403                 case IPOPT_NOP:
1404                         (void)printf("\nNOP");
1405                         break;
1406                 default:
1407                         (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
1408                         break;
1409                 }
1410         if (!(options & F_DOT)) {
1411                 (void)putchar('\n');
1412                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1413         }
1414 }
1415
1416 /*
1417  * status --
1418  *      Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received.
1419  */
1420
1421 static void
1422 status(int sig __unused)
1423 {
1424
1425         siginfo_p = 1;
1426 }
1427
1428 static void
1429 check_status(void)
1430 {
1431
1432         if (siginfo_p) {
1433                 siginfo_p = 0;
1434                 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.1f%%)",
1435                     nreceived, ntransmitted,
1436                     ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0);
1437                 if (nreceived && timing)
1438                         (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max",
1439                             tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax);
1440                 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
1441         }
1442 }
1443
1444 /*
1445  * finish --
1446  *      Print out statistics, and give up.
1447  */
1448 static void
1449 finish(void)
1450 {
1451
1452         (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
1453         (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
1454         (void)putchar('\n');
1455         (void)fflush(stdout);
1456         (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
1457         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
1458         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
1459         if (nrepeats)
1460                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
1461         if (ntransmitted) {
1462                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
1463                         (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
1464                 else
1465                         (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss",
1466                             ((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) /
1467                             ntransmitted);
1468         }
1469         if (nrcvtimeout)
1470                 (void)printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout);
1471         (void)putchar('\n');
1472         if (nreceived && timing) {
1473                 double n = nreceived + nrepeats;
1474                 double avg = tsum / n;
1475                 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg;
1476                 (void)printf(
1477                     "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1478                     tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari));
1479         }
1480
1481         if (nreceived)
1482                 exit(0);
1483         else
1484                 exit(2);
1485 }
1486
1487 #ifdef notdef
1488 static char *ttab[] = {
1489         "Echo Reply",           /* ip + seq + udata */
1490         "Dest Unreachable",     /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
1491         "Source Quench",        /* IP */
1492         "Redirect",             /* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
1493         "Echo",
1494         "Time Exceeded",        /* transit, frag reassem + IP */
1495         "Parameter Problem",    /* pointer + IP */
1496         "Timestamp",            /* id + seq + three timestamps */
1497         "Timestamp Reply",      /* " */
1498         "Info Request",         /* id + sq */
1499         "Info Reply"            /* " */
1500 };
1501 #endif
1502
1503 /*
1504  * pr_icmph --
1505  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
1506  */
1507 static void
1508 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, struct ip *oip, const u_char *const oicmp_raw)
1509 {
1510
1511         switch(icp->icmp_type) {
1512         case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
1513                 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
1514                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1515                 break;
1516         case ICMP_UNREACH:
1517                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1518                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET:
1519                         (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
1520                         break;
1521                 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST:
1522                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
1523                         break;
1524                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL:
1525                         (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
1526                         break;
1527                 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT:
1528                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
1529                         break;
1530                 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG:
1531                         (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n",
1532                                         ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu));
1533                         break;
1534                 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL:
1535                         (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
1536                         break;
1537                 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB:
1538                         (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n");
1539                         break;
1540                 default:
1541                         (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
1542                             icp->icmp_code);
1543                         break;
1544                 }
1545                 /* Print returned IP header information */
1546                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1547                 break;
1548         case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH:
1549                 (void)printf("Source Quench\n");
1550                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1551                 break;
1552         case ICMP_REDIRECT:
1553                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1554                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET:
1555                         (void)printf("Redirect Network");
1556                         break;
1557                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST:
1558                         (void)printf("Redirect Host");
1559                         break;
1560                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET:
1561                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
1562                         break;
1563                 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST:
1564                         (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
1565                         break;
1566                 default:
1567                         (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
1568                         break;
1569                 }
1570                 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
1571                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1572                 break;
1573         case ICMP_ECHO:
1574                 (void)printf("Echo Request\n");
1575                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
1576                 break;
1577         case ICMP_TIMXCEED:
1578                 switch(icp->icmp_code) {
1579                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS:
1580                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
1581                         break;
1582                 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS:
1583                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
1584                         break;
1585                 default:
1586                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
1587                             icp->icmp_code);
1588                         break;
1589                 }
1590                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1591                 break;
1592         case ICMP_PARAMPROB:
1593                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n",
1594                     icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr);
1595                 pr_retip(oip, oicmp_raw);
1596                 break;
1597         case ICMP_TSTAMP:
1598                 (void)printf("Timestamp\n");
1599                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1600                 break;
1601         case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY:
1602                 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
1603                 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
1604                 break;
1605         case ICMP_IREQ:
1606                 (void)printf("Information Request\n");
1607                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1608                 break;
1609         case ICMP_IREQREPLY:
1610                 (void)printf("Information Reply\n");
1611                 /* XXX ID + Seq */
1612                 break;
1613         case ICMP_MASKREQ:
1614                 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
1615                 break;
1616         case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
1617                 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
1618                 break;
1619         case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT:
1620                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n");
1621                 break;
1622         case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT:
1623                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n");
1624                 break;
1625         default:
1626                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
1627         }
1628 }
1629
1630 /*
1631  * pr_iph --
1632  *      Print an IP header with options.
1633  */
1634 static void
1635 pr_iph(struct ip *ip)
1636 {
1637         struct in_addr ina;
1638         u_char *cp;
1639         int hlen;
1640
1641         hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
1642         cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;         /* point to options */
1643
1644         (void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst\n");
1645         (void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
1646             ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len),
1647             ntohs(ip->ip_id));
1648         (void)printf("   %1lx %04lx",
1649             (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
1650             (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
1651         (void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p,
1652                                                             ntohs(ip->ip_sum));
1653         memcpy(&ina, &ip->ip_src.s_addr, sizeof ina);
1654         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(ina));
1655         memcpy(&ina, &ip->ip_dst.s_addr, sizeof ina);
1656         (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(ina));
1657         /* dump any option bytes */
1658         while (hlen-- > 20) {
1659                 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
1660         }
1661         (void)putchar('\n');
1662 }
1663
1664 /*
1665  * pr_addr --
1666  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
1667  * a hostname.
1668  */
1669 static char *
1670 pr_addr(struct in_addr ina)
1671 {
1672         struct hostent *hp;
1673         static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
1674
1675         if (options & F_NUMERIC)
1676                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1677
1678         hp = cap_gethostbyaddr(capdns, (char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET);
1679
1680         if (hp == NULL)
1681                 return inet_ntoa(ina);
1682
1683         (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
1684             inet_ntoa(ina));
1685         return(buf);
1686 }
1687
1688 /*
1689  * pr_retip --
1690  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
1691  */
1692 static void
1693 pr_retip(struct ip *ip, const u_char *cp)
1694 {
1695         pr_iph(ip);
1696
1697         if (ip->ip_p == 6)
1698                 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1699                     (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1700         else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
1701                 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
1702                         (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
1703 }
1704
1705 static char *
1706 pr_ntime(n_time timestamp)
1707 {
1708         static char buf[11];
1709         int hour, min, sec;
1710
1711         sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000;
1712         hour = sec / 60 / 60;
1713         min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60;
1714         sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60;
1715
1716         (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec);
1717
1718         return (buf);
1719 }
1720
1721 static void
1722 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
1723 {
1724         char *cp;
1725         int pat[16];
1726         u_int ii, jj, kk;
1727
1728         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) {
1729                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
1730                         errx(EX_USAGE,
1731                             "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
1732
1733         }
1734         ii = sscanf(patp,
1735             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
1736             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
1737             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
1738             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
1739
1740         if (ii > 0)
1741                 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii)
1742                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1743                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
1744         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
1745                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
1746                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
1747                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
1748                 (void)printf("\n");
1749         }
1750 }
1751
1752 static cap_channel_t *
1753 capdns_setup(void)
1754 {
1755         cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
1756 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1757         const char *types[2];
1758         int families[1];
1759 #endif
1760         capcas = cap_init();
1761         if (capcas == NULL)
1762                 err(1, "unable to create casper process");
1763         capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
1764         /* Casper capability no longer needed. */
1765         cap_close(capcas);
1766         if (capdnsloc == NULL)
1767                 err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
1768 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
1769         types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
1770         types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
1771         if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, 2) < 0)
1772                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1773         families[0] = AF_INET;
1774         if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, 1) < 0)
1775                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1776 #endif
1777         return (capdnsloc);
1778 }