sbin/ping6/ping6.c

   1 /*      $KAME: ping6.c,v 1.169 2003/07/25 06:01:47 itojun Exp $ */
   2
   3 /*-
   4  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   5  *
   6  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
   7  * All rights reserved.
   8  *
   9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  11  * are met:
  12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  17  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  */
  33
  34 /*      BSDI    ping.c,v 2.3 1996/01/21 17:56:50 jch Exp        */
  35
  36 /*
  37  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
  38  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  39  *
  40  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
  41  * Mike Muuss.
  42  *
  43  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  44  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  45  * are met:
  46  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  47  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  48  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  49  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  50  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  51  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  52  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  53  *    without specific prior written permission.
  54  *
  55  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  56  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  57  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  58  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  59  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  60  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  61  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  62  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  63  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  64  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  65  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  66  */
  67
  68 #if 0
  69 #ifndef lint
  70 static const char copyright[] =
  71 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\
  72         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  73 #endif /* not lint */
  74
  75 #ifndef lint
  76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c      8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
  77 #endif /* not lint */
  78 #endif
  79
  80 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  81 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  82
  83 /*
  84  * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
  85  * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
  86  *
  87  * Author -
  88  *      Mike Muuss
  89  *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
  90  *      December, 1983
  91  *
  92  * Status -
  93  *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
  94  * Bugs -
  95  *      More statistics could always be gathered.
  96  *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
  97  */
  98 /*
  99  * NOTE:
 100  * USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID assumes that sin6_scope_id has the same semantics
 101  * as IPV6_PKTINFO.  Some people object it (sin6_scope_id specifies *link*
 102  * while IPV6_PKTINFO specifies *interface*.  Link is defined as collection of
 103  * network attached to 1 or more interfaces)
 104  */
 105
 106 #include <sys/param.h>
 107 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
 108 #include <sys/uio.h>
 109 #include <sys/socket.h>
 110
 111 #include <net/if.h>
 112 #include <net/route.h>
 113
 114 #include <netinet/in.h>
 115 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
 116 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
 117 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 118 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
 119 #include <netdb.h>
 120
 121 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
 122 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
 123 #include <libcasper.h>
 124
 125 #include <ctype.h>
 126 #include <err.h>
 127 #include <errno.h>
 128 #include <fcntl.h>
 129 #include <math.h>
 130 #include <signal.h>
 131 #include <stdio.h>
 132 #include <stdlib.h>
 133 #include <string.h>
 134 #include <sysexits.h>
 135 #include <time.h>
 136 #include <unistd.h>
 137
 138 #ifdef IPSEC
 139 #include <netipsec/ah.h>
 140 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
 141 #endif
 142
 143 #include <md5.h>
 144
 145 struct tv32 {
 146         u_int32_t tv32_sec;
 147         u_int32_t tv32_nsec;
 148 };
 149
 150 #define MAXPACKETLEN    131072
 151 #define IP6LEN          40
 152 #define ICMP6ECHOLEN    8       /* icmp echo header len excluding time */
 153 #define ICMP6ECHOTMLEN sizeof(struct tv32)
 154 #define ICMP6_NIQLEN    (ICMP6ECHOLEN + 8)
 155 # define CONTROLLEN     10240   /* ancillary data buffer size RFC3542 20.1 */
 156 /* FQDN case, 64 bits of nonce + 32 bits ttl */
 157 #define ICMP6_NIRLEN    (ICMP6ECHOLEN + 12)
 158 #define EXTRA           256     /* for AH and various other headers. weird. */
 159 #define DEFDATALEN      ICMP6ECHOTMLEN
 160 #define MAXDATALEN      MAXPACKETLEN - IP6LEN - ICMP6ECHOLEN
 161 #define NROUTES         9               /* number of record route slots */
 162 #define MAXWAIT         10000           /* max ms to wait for response */
 163 #define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */
 164
 165 #define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
 166 #define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
 167 #define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
 168 #define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
 169 #define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))
 170
 171 #define F_FLOOD         0x0001
 172 #define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
 173 #define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
 174 #define F_QUIET         0x0010
 175 #define F_RROUTE        0x0020
 176 #define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
 177 #define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
 178 #ifdef IPSEC
 179 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 180 #define F_POLICY        0x0400
 181 #else
 182 #define F_AUTHHDR       0x0200
 183 #define F_ENCRYPT       0x0400
 184 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 185 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 186 #define F_NODEADDR      0x0800
 187 #define F_FQDN          0x1000
 188 #define F_INTERFACE     0x2000
 189 #define F_SRCADDR       0x4000
 190 #define F_HOSTNAME      0x10000
 191 #define F_FQDNOLD       0x20000
 192 #define F_NIGROUP       0x40000
 193 #define F_SUPTYPES      0x80000
 194 #define F_NOMINMTU      0x100000
 195 #define F_ONCE          0x200000
 196 #define F_AUDIBLE       0x400000
 197 #define F_MISSED        0x800000
 198 #define F_DONTFRAG      0x1000000
 199 #define F_NOUSERDATA    (F_NODEADDR | F_FQDN | F_FQDNOLD | F_SUPTYPES)
 200 #define F_WAITTIME      0x2000000
 201 static u_int options;
 202
 203 #define IN6LEN          sizeof(struct in6_addr)
 204 #define SA6LEN          sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6)
 205 #define DUMMY_PORT      10101
 206
 207 #define SIN6(s) ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(s))
 208
 209 /*
 210  * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 211  * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 212  * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 213  */
 214 #define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 8192)
 215 static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
 216 static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
 217
 218 static struct sockaddr_in6 dst; /* who to ping6 */
 219 static struct sockaddr_in6 src; /* src addr of this packet */
 220 static socklen_t srclen;
 221 static size_t datalen = DEFDATALEN;
 222 static int ssend;               /* send socket file descriptor */
 223 static int srecv;               /* receive socket file descriptor */
 224 static u_char outpack[MAXPACKETLEN];
 225 static char BSPACE = '\b';      /* characters written for flood */
 226 static char BBELL = '\a';       /* characters written for AUDIBLE */
 227 static char DOT = '.';
 228 static char *hostname;
 229 static int ident;               /* process id to identify our packets */
 230 static u_int8_t nonce[8];       /* nonce field for node information */
 231 static int hoplimit = -1;       /* hoplimit */
 232 static int tclass = -1;         /* traffic class */
 233 static u_char *packet = NULL;
 234 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
 235
 236 /* counters */
 237 static long nmissedmax;         /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
 238 static long npackets;           /* max packets to transmit */
 239 static long nreceived;          /* # of packets we got back */
 240 static long nrepeats;           /* number of duplicates */
 241 static long ntransmitted;       /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
 242 static int interval = 1000;     /* interval between packets in ms */
 243 static int waittime = MAXWAIT;  /* timeout for each packet */
 244 static long nrcvtimeout = 0;    /* # of packets we got back after waittime */
 245
 246 /* timing */
 247 static int timing;              /* flag to do timing */
 248 static double tmin = 999999999.0;       /* minimum round trip time */
 249 static double tmax = 0.0;       /* maximum round trip time */
 250 static double tsum = 0.0;       /* sum of all times, for doing average */
 251 static double tsumsq = 0.0;     /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */
 252
 253 /* for node addresses */
 254 static u_short naflags;
 255
 256 /* for ancillary data(advanced API) */
 257 static struct msghdr smsghdr;
 258 static struct iovec smsgiov;
 259 static char *scmsg = 0;
 260
 261 static volatile sig_atomic_t seenint;
 262 #ifdef SIGINFO
 263 static volatile sig_atomic_t seeninfo;
 264 #endif
 265
 266 int      main(int, char *[]);
 267 static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
 268 static void      fill(char *, char *);
 269 static int       get_hoplim(struct msghdr *);
 270 static int       get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *);
 271 static struct in6_pktinfo *get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *);
 272 static void      onsignal(int);
 273 static void      onint(int);
 274 static size_t    pingerlen(void);
 275 static int       pinger(void);
 276 static const char *pr_addr(struct sockaddr *, int);
 277 static void      pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *, u_char *);
 278 static void      pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *);
 279 static void      pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, size_t);
 280 static void      pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, int);
 281 static int       myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *);
 282 static int       mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *);
 283 static const char *dnsdecode(const u_char *, const u_char *, const u_char *,
 284     char *, size_t);
 285 static void      pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct msghdr *);
 286 static void      pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *);
 287 static void      pr_ip6opt(void *, size_t);
 288 static void      pr_rthdr(void *, size_t);
 289 static int       pr_bitrange(u_int32_t, int, int);
 290 static void      pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *, u_char *);
 291 static void      summary(void);
 292 static int       setpolicy(int, char *);
 293 static char     *nigroup(char *, int);
 294 static void      usage(void);
 295
 296 int
 297 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 298 {
 299         struct timespec last, intvl;
 300         struct sockaddr_in6 from, *sin6;
 301         struct addrinfo hints, *res;
 302         struct sigaction si_sa;
 303         int cc, i;
 304         int almost_done, ch, hold, packlen, preload, optval, error;
 305         int nig_oldmcprefix = -1;
 306         u_char *datap;
 307         char *e, *target, *ifname = NULL, *gateway = NULL;
 308         int ip6optlen = 0;
 309         struct cmsghdr *scmsgp = NULL;
 310         /* For control (ancillary) data received from recvmsg() */
 311         u_char cm[CONTROLLEN];
 312 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
 313         u_long lsockbufsize;
 314         int sockbufsize = 0;
 315 #endif
 316         int usepktinfo = 0;
 317         struct in6_pktinfo pktinfo;
 318         char *cmsg_pktinfo = NULL;
 319         struct ip6_rthdr *rthdr = NULL;
 320 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 321         char *policy_in = NULL;
 322         char *policy_out = NULL;
 323 #endif
 324         double t;
 325         u_long alarmtimeout;
 326         size_t rthlen;
 327 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
 328         int mflag = 0;
 329 #endif
 330         cap_rights_t rights_srecv;
 331         cap_rights_t rights_ssend;
 332         cap_rights_t rights_stdin;
 333
 334         /* just to be sure */
 335         memset(&smsghdr, 0, sizeof(smsghdr));
 336         memset(&smsgiov, 0, sizeof(smsgiov));
 337         memset(&pktinfo, 0, sizeof(pktinfo));
 338
 339         intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
 340         intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;
 341
 342         alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
 343         datap = &outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN];
 344         capdns = capdns_setup();
 345 #ifndef IPSEC
 346 #define ADDOPTS
 347 #else
 348 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 349 #define ADDOPTS "P:"
 350 #else
 351 #define ADDOPTS "AE"
 352 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 353 #endif
 354         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
 355             "a:b:c:DdfHg:h:I:i:l:mnNop:qrRS:s:tvwWx:X:z:" ADDOPTS)) != -1) {
 356 #undef ADDOPTS
 357                 switch (ch) {
 358                 case 'a':
 359                 {
 360                         char *cp;
 361
 362                         options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
 363                         options |= F_NODEADDR;
 364                         for (cp = optarg; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
 365                                 switch (*cp) {
 366                                 case 'a':
 367                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ALL;
 368                                         break;
 369                                 case 'c':
 370                                 case 'C':
 371                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_COMPAT;
 372                                         break;
 373                                 case 'l':
 374                                 case 'L':
 375                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_LINKLOCAL;
 376                                         break;
 377                                 case 's':
 378                                 case 'S':
 379                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_SITELOCAL;
 380                                         break;
 381                                 case 'g':
 382                                 case 'G':
 383                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_GLOBAL;
 384                                         break;
 385                                 case 'A': /* experimental. not in the spec */
 386 #ifdef NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST
 387                                         naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST;
 388                                         break;
 389 #else
 390                                         errx(1,
 391 "-a A is not supported on the platform");
 392                                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 393 #endif
 394                                 default:
 395                                         usage();
 396                                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 397                                 }
 398                         }
 399                         break;
 400                 }
 401                 case 'b':
 402 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
 403                         errno = 0;
 404                         e = NULL;
 405                         lsockbufsize = strtoul(optarg, &e, 10);
 406                         sockbufsize = (int)lsockbufsize;
 407                         if (errno || !*optarg || *e ||
 408                             lsockbufsize > INT_MAX)
 409                                 errx(1, "invalid socket buffer size");
 410 #else
 411                         errx(1,
 412 "-b option ignored: SO_SNDBUF/SO_RCVBUF socket options not supported");
 413 #endif
 414                         break;
 415                 case 'c':
 416                         npackets = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
 417                         if (npackets <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 418                                 errx(1,
 419                                     "illegal number of packets -- %s", optarg);
 420                         break;
 421                 case 'D':
 422                         options |= F_DONTFRAG;
 423                         break;
 424                 case 'd':
 425                         options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
 426                         break;
 427                 case 'f':
 428                         if (getuid()) {
 429                                 errno = EPERM;
 430                                 errx(1, "Must be superuser to flood ping");
 431                         }
 432                         options |= F_FLOOD;
 433                         setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
 434                         break;
 435                 case 'g':
 436                         gateway = optarg;
 437                         break;
 438                 case 'H':
 439                         options |= F_HOSTNAME;
 440                         break;
 441                 case 'h':               /* hoplimit */
 442                         hoplimit = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
 443                         if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 444                                 errx(1, "illegal hoplimit %s", optarg);
 445                         if (255 < hoplimit || hoplimit < -1)
 446                                 errx(1,
 447                                     "illegal hoplimit -- %s", optarg);
 448                         break;
 449                 case 'I':
 450                         ifname = optarg;
 451                         options |= F_INTERFACE;
 452 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
 453                         usepktinfo++;
 454 #endif
 455                         break;
 456                 case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
 457                         t = strtod(optarg, &e);
 458                         if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 459                                 errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
 460                         if (t < 1 && getuid()) {
 461                                 errx(1, "%s: only root may use interval < 1s",
 462                                     strerror(EPERM));
 463                         }
 464                         intvl.tv_sec = (time_t)t;
 465                         intvl.tv_nsec =
 466                             (long)((t - intvl.tv_sec) * 1000000000);
 467                         if (intvl.tv_sec < 0)
 468                                 errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
 469                         /* less than 1/hz does not make sense */
 470                         if (intvl.tv_sec == 0 && intvl.tv_nsec < 1000) {
 471                                 warnx("too small interval, raised to .000001");
 472                                 intvl.tv_nsec = 1000;
 473                         }
 474                         options |= F_INTERVAL;
 475                         break;
 476                 case 'l':
 477                         if (getuid()) {
 478                                 errno = EPERM;
 479                                 errx(1, "Must be superuser to preload");
 480                         }
 481                         preload = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
 482                         if (preload < 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 483                                 errx(1, "illegal preload value -- %s", optarg);
 484                         break;
 485                 case 'm':
 486 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
 487                         mflag++;
 488                         break;
 489 #else
 490                         errx(1, "-%c is not supported on this platform", ch);
 491                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 492 #endif
 493                 case 'n':
 494                         options &= ~F_HOSTNAME;
 495                         break;
 496                 case 'N':
 497                         options |= F_NIGROUP;
 498                         nig_oldmcprefix++;
 499                         break;
 500                 case 'o':
 501                         options |= F_ONCE;
 502                         break;
 503                 case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
 504                         options |= F_PINGFILLED;
 505                         fill((char *)datap, optarg);
 506                                 break;
 507                 case 'q':
 508                         options |= F_QUIET;
 509                         break;
 510                 case 'r':
 511                         options |= F_AUDIBLE;
 512                         break;
 513                 case 'R':
 514                         options |= F_MISSED;
 515                         break;
 516                 case 'S':
 517                         memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
 518                         hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST; /* allow hostname? */
 519                         hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 520                         hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
 521                         hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
 522
 523                         error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, optarg, NULL, &hints, &res);
 524                         if (error) {
 525                                 errx(1, "invalid source address: %s",
 526                                      gai_strerror(error));
 527                         }
 528                         /*
 529                          * res->ai_family must be AF_INET6 and res->ai_addrlen
 530                          * must be sizeof(src).
 531                          */
 532                         memcpy(&src, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
 533                         srclen = res->ai_addrlen;
 534                         freeaddrinfo(res);
 535                         options |= F_SRCADDR;
 536                         break;
 537                 case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
 538                         datalen = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
 539                         if (datalen <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 540                                 errx(1, "illegal datalen value -- %s", optarg);
 541                         if (datalen > MAXDATALEN) {
 542                                 errx(1,
 543                                     "datalen value too large, maximum is %d",
 544                                     MAXDATALEN);
 545                         }
 546                         break;
 547                 case 't':
 548                         options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
 549                         options |= F_SUPTYPES;
 550                         break;
 551                 case 'v':
 552                         options |= F_VERBOSE;
 553                         break;
 554                 case 'w':
 555                         options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
 556                         options |= F_FQDN;
 557                         break;
 558                 case 'W':
 559                         options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
 560                         options |= F_FQDNOLD;
 561                         break;
 562                 case 'x':
 563                         t = strtod(optarg, &e);
 564                         if (*e || e == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
 565                                 err(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
 566                                     optarg);
 567                         options |= F_WAITTIME;
 568                         waittime = (int)t;
 569                         break;
 570                 case 'X':
 571                         alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &e, 0);
 572                         if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
 573                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
 574                                     optarg);
 575                         if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
 576                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
 577                                     optarg, MAXALARM);
 578                         alarm((int)alarmtimeout);
 579                         break;
 580                 case 'z':               /* traffic class */
 581                         tclass = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
 582                         if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
 583                                 errx(1, "illegal traffic class %s", optarg);
 584                         if (255 < tclass || tclass < -1)
 585                                 errx(1,
 586                                     "illegal traffic class -- %s", optarg);
 587                         break;
 588 #ifdef IPSEC
 589 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 590                 case 'P':
 591                         options |= F_POLICY;
 592                         if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) {
 593                                 if ((policy_in = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
 594                                         errx(1, "strdup");
 595                         } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) {
 596                                 if ((policy_out = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
 597                                         errx(1, "strdup");
 598                         } else
 599                                 errx(1, "invalid security policy");
 600                         break;
 601 #else
 602                 case 'A':
 603                         options |= F_AUTHHDR;
 604                         break;
 605                 case 'E':
 606                         options |= F_ENCRYPT;
 607                         break;
 608 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 609 #endif /*IPSEC*/
 610                 default:
 611                         usage();
 612                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 613                 }
 614         }
 615
 616         argc -= optind;
 617         argv += optind;
 618
 619         if (argc < 1) {
 620                 usage();
 621                 /*NOTREACHED*/
 622         }
 623
 624         if (argc > 1) {
 625 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR   /* 2292bis */
 626                 rthlen = CMSG_SPACE(inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0,
 627                     argc - 1));
 628 #else  /* RFC2292 */
 629                 rthlen = inet6_rthdr_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
 630 #endif
 631                 if (rthlen == 0) {
 632                         errx(1, "too many intermediate hops");
 633                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 634                 }
 635                 ip6optlen += rthlen;
 636         }
 637
 638         if (options & F_NIGROUP) {
 639                 target = nigroup(argv[argc - 1], nig_oldmcprefix);
 640                 if (target == NULL) {
 641                         usage();
 642                         /*NOTREACHED*/
 643                 }
 644         } else
 645                 target = argv[argc - 1];
 646
 647         /* cap_getaddrinfo */
 648         memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
 649         hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
 650         hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 651         hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
 652         hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
 653
 654         error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, target, NULL, &hints, &res);
 655         if (error)
 656                 errx(1, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
 657         if (res->ai_canonname)
 658                 hostname = strdup(res->ai_canonname);
 659         else
 660                 hostname = target;
 661
 662         if (!res->ai_addr)
 663                 errx(1, "cap_getaddrinfo failed");
 664
 665         (void)memcpy(&dst, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
 666
 667         if ((ssend = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
 668             res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
 669                 err(1, "socket ssend");
 670         if ((srecv = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
 671             res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
 672                 err(1, "socket srecv");
 673         freeaddrinfo(res);
 674
 675         /* set the source address if specified. */
 676         if ((options & F_SRCADDR) != 0) {
 677                 /* properly fill sin6_scope_id */
 678                 if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&src.sin6_addr) && (
 679                     IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
 680                     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
 681                     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr))) {
 682                         if (src.sin6_scope_id == 0)
 683                                 src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;
 684                         if (dst.sin6_scope_id == 0)
 685                                 dst.sin6_scope_id = src.sin6_scope_id;
 686                 }
 687                 if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&src, srclen) != 0)
 688                         err(1, "bind");
 689         }
 690         /* set the gateway (next hop) if specified */
 691         if (gateway) {
 692                 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 693                 hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 694                 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
 695                 hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
 696
 697                 error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, gateway, NULL, &hints, &res);
 698                 if (error) {
 699                         errx(1, "cap_getaddrinfo for the gateway %s: %s",
 700                              gateway, gai_strerror(error));
 701                 }
 702                 if (res->ai_next && (options & F_VERBOSE))
 703                         warnx("gateway resolves to multiple addresses");
 704
 705                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_NEXTHOP,
 706                     res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen)) {
 707                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_NEXTHOP)");
 708                 }
 709
 710                 freeaddrinfo(res);
 711         }
 712
 713         /*
 714          * let the kerel pass extension headers of incoming packets,
 715          * for privileged socket options
 716          */
 717         if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
 718                 int opton = 1;
 719
 720 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS
 721                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS, &opton,
 722                     sizeof(opton)))
 723                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS)");
 724 #else  /* old adv. API */
 725                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPOPTS, &opton,
 726                     sizeof(opton)))
 727                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_HOPOPTS)");
 728 #endif
 729 #ifdef IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS
 730                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS, &opton,
 731                     sizeof(opton)))
 732                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS)");
 733 #else  /* old adv. API */
 734                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DSTOPTS, &opton,
 735                     sizeof(opton)))
 736                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_DSTOPTS)");
 737 #endif
 738 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS
 739                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS, &opton,
 740                     sizeof(opton)))
 741                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS)");
 742 #endif
 743         }
 744
 745         /* revoke root privilege */
 746         if (seteuid(getuid()) != 0)
 747                 err(1, "seteuid() failed");
 748         if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
 749                 err(1, "setuid() failed");
 750
 751         if ((options & F_FLOOD) && (options & F_INTERVAL))
 752                 errx(1, "-f and -i incompatible options");
 753
 754         if ((options & F_NOUSERDATA) == 0) {
 755                 if (datalen >= sizeof(struct tv32)) {
 756                         /* we can time transfer */
 757                         timing = 1;
 758                 } else
 759                         timing = 0;
 760                 /* in F_VERBOSE case, we may get non-echoreply packets*/
 761                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
 762                         packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
 763                 else
 764                         packlen = datalen + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
 765         } else {
 766                 /* suppress timing for node information query */
 767                 timing = 0;
 768                 datalen = 2048;
 769                 packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
 770         }
 771
 772         if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen)))
 773                 err(1, "Unable to allocate packet");
 774         if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
 775                 for (i = ICMP6ECHOLEN; i < packlen; ++i)
 776                         *datap++ = i;
 777
 778         ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
 779         arc4random_buf(nonce, sizeof(nonce));
 780         optval = 1;
 781         if (options & F_DONTFRAG)
 782                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DONTFRAG,
 783                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 784                         err(1, "IPV6_DONTFRAG");
 785         hold = 1;
 786
 787         if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
 788                 (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 789                     sizeof(hold));
 790                 (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
 791                     sizeof(hold));
 792         }
 793         optval = IPV6_DEFHLIM;
 794         if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
 795                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
 796                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 797                         err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS");
 798 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
 799         if (mflag != 1) {
 800                 optval = mflag > 1 ? 0 : 1;
 801
 802                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU,
 803                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 804                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU)");
 805         }
 806 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
 807         else {
 808                 optval = 1;
 809                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPATHMTU,
 810                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 811                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPATHMTU)");
 812         }
 813 #endif /* IPV6_RECVPATHMTU */
 814 #endif /* IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU */
 815
 816 #ifdef IPSEC
 817 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
 818         if (options & F_POLICY) {
 819                 if (setpolicy(srecv, policy_in) < 0)
 820                         errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 821                 if (setpolicy(ssend, policy_out) < 0)
 822                         errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
 823         }
 824 #else
 825         if (options & F_AUTHHDR) {
 826                 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
 827 #ifdef IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
 828                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
 829                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 830                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
 831                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
 832                      &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 833                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
 834 #else /* old def */
 835                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
 836                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 837                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
 838                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
 839                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 840                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
 841 #endif
 842         }
 843         if (options & F_ENCRYPT) {
 844                 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
 845                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
 846                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 847                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
 848                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
 849                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 850                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
 851         }
 852 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
 853 #endif
 854
 855 #ifdef ICMP6_FILTER
 856     {
 857         struct icmp6_filter filt;
 858         if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) {
 859                 ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(&filt);
 860                 if ((options & F_FQDN) || (options & F_FQDNOLD) ||
 861                     (options & F_NODEADDR) || (options & F_SUPTYPES))
 862                         ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_NI_REPLY, &filt);
 863                 else
 864                         ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY, &filt);
 865         } else {
 866                 ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASSALL(&filt);
 867         }
 868         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, ICMP6_FILTER, &filt,
 869             sizeof(filt)) < 0)
 870                 err(1, "setsockopt(ICMP6_FILTER)");
 871     }
 872 #endif /*ICMP6_FILTER*/
 873
 874         /* let the kerel pass extension headers of incoming packets */
 875         if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
 876                 int opton = 1;
 877
 878 #ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR
 879                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDR, &opton,
 880                     sizeof(opton)))
 881                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDR)");
 882 #else  /* old adv. API */
 883                 if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR, &opton,
 884                     sizeof(opton)))
 885                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");
 886 #endif
 887         }
 888
 889 /*
 890         optval = 1;
 891         if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
 892                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP,
 893                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
 894                         err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP");
 895 */
 896
 897         /* Specify the outgoing interface and/or the source address */
 898         if (usepktinfo)
 899                 ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
 900
 901         if (hoplimit != -1)
 902                 ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int));
 903
 904         /* set IP6 packet options */
 905         if (ip6optlen) {
 906                 if ((scmsg = (char *)malloc(ip6optlen)) == NULL)
 907                         errx(1, "can't allocate enough memory");
 908                 smsghdr.msg_control = (caddr_t)scmsg;
 909                 smsghdr.msg_controllen = ip6optlen;
 910                 scmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&smsghdr);
 911         }
 912         if (usepktinfo) {
 913                 cmsg_pktinfo = CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
 914                 scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
 915                 scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
 916                 scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
 917                 scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
 918         }
 919
 920         /* set the outgoing interface */
 921         if (ifname) {
 922 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
 923                 /* pktinfo must have already been allocated */
 924                 if ((pktinfo.ipi6_ifindex = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
 925                         errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
 926 #else
 927                 if ((dst.sin6_scope_id = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
 928                         errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
 929 #endif
 930         }
 931         if (hoplimit != -1) {
 932                 scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
 933                 scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
 934                 scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_HOPLIMIT;
 935                 memcpy(CMSG_DATA(scmsgp), &hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit));
 936
 937                 scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
 938         }
 939
 940         if (tclass != -1) {
 941                 if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS,
 942                     &tclass, sizeof(tclass)) == -1)
 943                         err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_TCLASS)");
 944         }
 945
 946         if (argc > 1) { /* some intermediate addrs are specified */
 947                 int hops;
 948                 int rthdrlen;
 949
 950                 rthdrlen = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
 951                 scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(rthdrlen);
 952                 scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
 953                 scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_RTHDR;
 954                 rthdr = (struct ip6_rthdr *)CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
 955                 rthdr = inet6_rth_init((void *)rthdr, rthdrlen,
 956                     IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
 957                 if (rthdr == NULL)
 958                         errx(1, "can't initialize rthdr");
 959
 960                 for (hops = 0; hops < argc - 1; hops++) {
 961                         memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
 962                         hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
 963
 964                         if ((error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, argv[hops], NULL, &hints,
 965                             &res)))
 966                                 errx(1, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
 967                         if (res->ai_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
 968                                 errx(1,
 969                                     "bad addr family of an intermediate addr");
 970                         sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)res->ai_addr;
 971                         if (inet6_rth_add(rthdr, &sin6->sin6_addr))
 972                                 errx(1, "can't add an intermediate node");
 973                         freeaddrinfo(res);
 974                 }
 975
 976                 scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
 977         }
 978
 979         /* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
 980 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
 981         if (capdns != NULL) {
 982                 const char *types[1];
 983
 984                 types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
 985                 if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
 986                         err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
 987         }
 988 #endif
 989         if (!(options & F_SRCADDR)) {
 990                 /*
 991                  * get the source address. XXX since we revoked the root
 992                  * privilege, we cannot use a raw socket for this.
 993                  */
 994                 int dummy;
 995                 socklen_t len = sizeof(src);
 996
 997                 if ((dummy = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
 998                         err(1, "UDP socket");
 999
1000                 src.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1001                 src.sin6_addr = dst.sin6_addr;
1002                 src.sin6_port = ntohs(DUMMY_PORT);
1003                 src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;
1004
1005                 if (usepktinfo &&
1006                     setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO,
1007                     (void *)&pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo)))
1008                         err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)");
1009
1010                 if (hoplimit != -1 &&
1011                     setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
1012                     (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
1013                         err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS)");
1014
1015                 if (hoplimit != -1 &&
1016                     setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
1017                     (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
1018                         err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS)");
1019
1020                 if (rthdr &&
1021                     setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR,
1022                     (void *)rthdr, (rthdr->ip6r_len + 1) << 3))
1023                         err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");
1024
1025                 if (connect(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, len) < 0)
1026                         err(1, "UDP connect");
1027
1028                 if (getsockname(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, &len) < 0)
1029                         err(1, "getsockname");
1030
1031                 close(dummy);
1032         }
1033
1034         /* Save pktinfo in the ancillary data. */
1035         if (usepktinfo)
1036                 memcpy(cmsg_pktinfo, &pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo));
1037
1038         if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)) != 0)
1039                 err(1, "connect() ssend");
1040
1041         caph_cache_catpages();
1042         if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
1043                 err(1, "caph_enter_casper");
1044
1045         cap_rights_init(&rights_stdin);
1046         if (caph_rights_limit(STDIN_FILENO, &rights_stdin) < 0)
1047                 err(1, "caph_rights_limit stdin");
1048         if (caph_limit_stdout() < 0)
1049                 err(1, "caph_limit_stdout");
1050         if (caph_limit_stderr() < 0)
1051                 err(1, "caph_limit_stderr");
1052
1053         cap_rights_init(&rights_srecv, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1054         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
1055                 err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv");
1056         cap_rights_init(&rights_ssend, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1057         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
1058                 err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend");
1059
1060 #if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
1061         if (sockbufsize) {
1062                 if (datalen > (size_t)sockbufsize)
1063                         warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
1064                 if (setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sockbufsize,
1065                     sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
1066                         err(1, "setsockopt(SO_SNDBUF)");
1067                 if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &sockbufsize,
1068                     sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
1069                         err(1, "setsockopt(SO_RCVBUF)");
1070         }
1071         else {
1072                 if (datalen > 8 * 1024) /*XXX*/
1073                         warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
1074                 /*
1075                  * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of
1076                  * answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying
1077                  * to stress the ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache
1078                  * to get some stuff for /etc/ethers.
1079                  */
1080                 hold = 48 * 1024;
1081                 setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
1082                     sizeof(hold));
1083         }
1084 #endif
1085
1086         optval = 1;
1087 #ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
1088 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
1089         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &optval,
1090             sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1091                 warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
1092 #else  /* old adv. API */
1093         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &optval,
1094             sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1095                 warn("setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
1096 #endif
1097 #endif /* USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID */
1098 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
1099         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, &optval,
1100             sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1101                 warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
1102 #else  /* old adv. API */
1103         if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT, &optval,
1104             sizeof(optval)) < 0)
1105                 warn("setsockopt(IPV6_HOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
1106 #endif
1107
1108         cap_rights_clear(&rights_srecv, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1109         if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
1110                 err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
1111         cap_rights_clear(&rights_ssend, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
1112         if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
1113                 err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
1114
1115         printf("PING6(%lu=40+8+%lu bytes) ", (unsigned long)(40 + pingerlen()),
1116             (unsigned long)(pingerlen() - 8));
1117         printf("%s --> ", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&src, sizeof(src)));
1118         printf("%s\n", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)));
1119
1120         if (preload == 0)
1121                 pinger();
1122         else {
1123                 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
1124                         preload = npackets;
1125                 while (preload--)
1126                         pinger();
1127         }
1128         clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1129
1130         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
1131         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
1132         si_sa.sa_handler = onsignal;
1133         if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1134                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
1135         seenint = 0;
1136 #ifdef SIGINFO
1137         if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1138                 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINFO");
1139         seeninfo = 0;
1140 #endif
1141         if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
1142                 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
1143                         err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
1144         }
1145         if (options & F_FLOOD) {
1146                 intvl.tv_sec = 0;
1147                 intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
1148         }
1149
1150         almost_done = 0;
1151         while (seenint == 0) {
1152                 struct timespec now, timeout;
1153                 struct msghdr m;
1154                 struct iovec iov[2];
1155                 fd_set rfds;
1156                 int n;
1157
1158                 /* signal handling */
1159                 if (seenint)
1160                         onint(SIGINT);
1161 #ifdef SIGINFO
1162                 if (seeninfo) {
1163                         summary();
1164                         seeninfo = 0;
1165                         continue;
1166                 }
1167 #endif
1168                 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
1169                 FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
1170                 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
1171                 timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
1172                 timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
1173                 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
1174                         timespecclear(&timeout);
1175
1176                 n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
1177                 if (n < 0)
1178                         continue;       /* EINTR */
1179                 if (n == 1) {
1180                         m.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
1181                         m.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
1182                         memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
1183                         iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)packet;
1184                         iov[0].iov_len = packlen;
1185                         m.msg_iov = iov;
1186                         m.msg_iovlen = 1;
1187                         memset(cm, 0, CONTROLLEN);
1188                         m.msg_control = (void *)cm;
1189                         m.msg_controllen = CONTROLLEN;
1190
1191                         cc = recvmsg(srecv, &m, 0);
1192                         if (cc < 0) {
1193                                 if (errno != EINTR) {
1194                                         warn("recvmsg");
1195                                         sleep(1);
1196                                 }
1197                                 continue;
1198                         } else if (cc == 0) {
1199                                 int mtu;
1200
1201                                 /*
1202                                  * receive control messages only. Process the
1203                                  * exceptions (currently the only possibility is
1204                                  * a path MTU notification.)
1205                                  */
1206                                 if ((mtu = get_pathmtu(&m)) > 0) {
1207                                         if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
1208                                                 printf("new path MTU (%d) is "
1209                                                     "notified\n", mtu);
1210                                         }
1211                                 }
1212                                 continue;
1213                         } else {
1214                                 /*
1215                                  * an ICMPv6 message (probably an echoreply)
1216                                  * arrived.
1217                                  */
1218                                 pr_pack(packet, cc, &m);
1219                         }
1220                         if (((options & F_ONCE) != 0 && nreceived > 0) ||
1221                             (npackets > 0 && nreceived >= npackets))
1222                                 break;
1223                 }
1224                 if (n == 0 || (options & F_FLOOD)) {
1225                         if (npackets == 0 || ntransmitted < npackets)
1226                                 pinger();
1227                         else {
1228                                 if (almost_done)
1229                                         break;
1230                                 almost_done = 1;
1231                         /*
1232                          * If we're not transmitting any more packets,
1233                          * change the timer to wait two round-trip times
1234                          * if we've received any packets or (waittime)
1235                          * milliseconds if we haven't.
1236                          */
1237                                 intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
1238                                 if (nreceived) {
1239                                         intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
1240                                         if (intvl.tv_sec == 0)
1241                                                 intvl.tv_sec = 1;
1242                                 } else {
1243                                         intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
1244                                         intvl.tv_nsec =
1245                                                 waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
1246                                 }
1247                         }
1248                         clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
1249                         if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
1250                                 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
1251                                 if (options & F_MISSED)
1252                                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1253                         }
1254                 }
1255         }
1256         sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
1257         si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
1258         si_sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1259         sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0);
1260         sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0);
1261         summary();
1262
1263         if(packet != NULL)
1264                 free(packet);
1265
1266         exit(nreceived == 0 ? 2 : 0);
1267 }
1268
1269 static void
1270 onsignal(int sig)
1271 {
1272
1273         switch (sig) {
1274         case SIGINT:
1275         case SIGALRM:
1276                 seenint++;
1277                 break;
1278 #ifdef SIGINFO
1279         case SIGINFO:
1280                 seeninfo++;
1281                 break;
1282 #endif
1283         }
1284 }
1285
1286 /*
1287  * pinger --
1288  *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
1289  * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
1290  * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
1291  * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in VAX
1292  * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
1293  */
1294 static size_t
1295 pingerlen(void)
1296 {
1297         size_t l;
1298
1299         if (options & F_FQDN)
1300                 l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1301         else if (options & F_FQDNOLD)
1302                 l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1303         else if (options & F_NODEADDR)
1304                 l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1305         else if (options & F_SUPTYPES)
1306                 l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1307         else
1308                 l = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;
1309
1310         return l;
1311 }
1312
1313 static int
1314 pinger(void)
1315 {
1316         struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1317         struct iovec iov[2];
1318         int i, cc;
1319         struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip;
1320         uint16_t seq;
1321
1322         if (npackets && ntransmitted >= npackets)
1323                 return(-1);     /* no more transmission */
1324
1325         icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)outpack;
1326         nip = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)outpack;
1327         memset(icp, 0, sizeof(*icp));
1328         icp->icmp6_cksum = 0;
1329         seq = ntransmitted++;
1330         CLR(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1331
1332         if (options & F_FQDN) {
1333                 uint16_t s;
1334
1335                 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1336                 icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
1337                 nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
1338                 nip->ni_flags = htons(0);
1339
1340                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1341                     sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1342                 s = htons(seq);
1343                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1344
1345                 memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
1346                     sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
1347                 cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1348                 datalen = 0;
1349         } else if (options & F_FQDNOLD) {
1350                 uint16_t s;
1351                 /* packet format in 03 draft - no Subject data on queries */
1352                 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1353                 icp->icmp6_code = 0;    /* code field is always 0 */
1354                 nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
1355                 nip->ni_flags = htons(0);
1356
1357                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1358                     sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1359                 s = htons(seq);
1360                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1361
1362                 cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1363                 datalen = 0;
1364         } else if (options & F_NODEADDR) {
1365                 uint16_t s;
1366
1367                 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1368                 icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
1369                 nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR);
1370                 nip->ni_flags = naflags;
1371
1372                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1373                     sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1374                 s = htons(seq);
1375                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1376
1377                 memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
1378                     sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
1379                 cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
1380                 datalen = 0;
1381         } else if (options & F_SUPTYPES) {
1382                 uint16_t s;
1383
1384                 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
1385                 icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN;   /*empty*/
1386                 nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES);
1387                 /* we support compressed bitmap */
1388                 nip->ni_flags = NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS;
1389
1390                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
1391                     sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
1392                 s = htons(seq);
1393                 memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));
1394
1395                 cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
1396                 datalen = 0;
1397         } else {
1398                 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
1399                 icp->icmp6_code = 0;
1400                 icp->icmp6_id = htons(ident);
1401                 icp->icmp6_seq = htons(seq);
1402                 if (timing) {
1403                         struct timespec tv;
1404                         struct tv32 tv32;
1405                         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);
1406                         /*
1407                          * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
1408                          * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
1409                          * packet. We're only concerned with
1410                          * durations, not absolute times.
1411                          */
1412                         tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_sec);
1413                         tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_nsec);
1414                         memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN], &tv32, sizeof(tv32));
1415                 }
1416                 cc = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;
1417         }
1418
1419 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
1420         if (pingerlen() != cc)
1421                 errx(1, "internal error; length mismatch");
1422 #endif
1423
1424         memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
1425         iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)outpack;
1426         iov[0].iov_len = cc;
1427         smsghdr.msg_iov = iov;
1428         smsghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
1429
1430         i = sendmsg(ssend, &smsghdr, 0);
1431
1432         if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
1433                 if (i < 0)
1434                         warn("sendmsg");
1435                 (void)printf("ping6: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
1436                     hostname, cc, i);
1437         }
1438         if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
1439                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
1440
1441         return(0);
1442 }
1443
1444 static int
1445 myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *icp)
1446 {
1447         if (ntohs(icp->icmp6_id) == ident)
1448                 return 1;
1449         else
1450                 return 0;
1451 }
1452
1453 static int
1454 mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip)
1455 {
1456         if (memcmp(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
1457             nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
1458             sizeof(nonce) - sizeof(u_int16_t)) == 0)
1459                 return 1;
1460         else
1461                 return 0;
1462 }
1463
1464 /*
1465  * Decode a name from a DNS message.
1466  *
1467  * Format of the message is described in RFC 1035 subsection 4.1.4.
1468  *
1469  * Arguments:
1470  *   sp     - Pointer to a DNS pointer octet or to the first octet of a label
1471  *            in the message.
1472  *   ep     - Pointer to the end of the message (one step past the last octet).
1473  *   base   - Pointer to the beginning of the message.
1474  *   buf    - Buffer into which the decoded name will be saved.
1475  *   bufsiz - Size of the buffer 'buf'.
1476  *
1477  * Return value:
1478  *   Pointer to an octet immediately following the ending zero octet
1479  *   of the decoded label, or NULL if an error occured.
1480  */
1481 static const char *
1482 dnsdecode(const u_char *sp, const u_char *ep, const u_char *base, char *buf,
1483         size_t bufsiz)
1484 {
1485         int i;
1486         const u_char *cp;
1487         char cresult[MAXDNAME + 1];
1488         const u_char *comp;
1489         int l;
1490
1491         cp = sp;
1492         *buf = '\0';
1493
1494         if (cp >= ep)
1495                 return NULL;
1496         while (cp < ep) {
1497                 i = *cp;
1498                 if (i == 0 || cp != sp) {
1499                         if (strlcat((char *)buf, ".", bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1500                                 return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
1501                 }
1502                 if (i == 0)
1503                         break;
1504                 cp++;
1505
1506                 if ((i & 0xc0) == 0xc0 && cp - base > (i & 0x3f)) {
1507                         /* DNS compression */
1508                         if (!base)
1509                                 return NULL;
1510
1511                         comp = base + (i & 0x3f);
1512                         if (dnsdecode(comp, cp, base, cresult,
1513                             sizeof(cresult)) == NULL)
1514                                 return NULL;
1515                         if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1516                                 return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
1517                         break;
1518                 } else if ((i & 0x3f) == i) {
1519                         if (i > ep - cp)
1520                                 return NULL;    /*source overrun*/
1521                         while (i-- > 0 && cp < ep) {
1522                                 l = snprintf(cresult, sizeof(cresult),
1523                                     isprint(*cp) ? "%c" : "\\%03o", *cp & 0xff);
1524                                 if ((size_t)l >= sizeof(cresult) || l < 0)
1525                                         return NULL;
1526                                 if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
1527                                         return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
1528                                 cp++;
1529                         }
1530                 } else
1531                         return NULL;    /*invalid label*/
1532         }
1533         if (i != 0)
1534                 return NULL;    /*not terminated*/
1535         cp++;
1536         return cp;
1537 }
1538
1539 /*
1540  * pr_pack --
1541  *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
1542  * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
1543  * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
1544  * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
1545  */
1546 static void
1547 pr_pack(u_char *buf, int cc, struct msghdr *mhdr)
1548 {
1549 #define safeputc(c)     printf((isprint((c)) ? "%c" : "\\%03o"), c)
1550         struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1551         struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
1552         int i;
1553         int hoplim;
1554         struct sockaddr *from;
1555         int fromlen;
1556         const u_char *cp = NULL;
1557         u_char *dp, *end = buf + cc;
1558         struct in6_pktinfo *pktinfo = NULL;
1559         struct timespec tv, tp;
1560         struct tv32 tpp;
1561         double triptime = 0;
1562         int dupflag;
1563         size_t off;
1564         int oldfqdn;
1565         u_int16_t seq;
1566         char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];
1567
1568         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);
1569
1570         if (!mhdr || !mhdr->msg_name ||
1571             mhdr->msg_namelen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) ||
1572             ((struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name)->sa_family != AF_INET6) {
1573                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1574                         warnx("invalid peername");
1575                 return;
1576         }
1577         from = (struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name;
1578         fromlen = mhdr->msg_namelen;
1579         if (cc < (int)sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
1580                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1581                         warnx("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
1582                             pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1583                 return;
1584         }
1585         if (((mhdr->msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC) != 0) &&
1586             (options & F_VERBOSE) != 0)
1587                 warnx("some control data discarded, insufficient buffer size");
1588         icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)buf;
1589         ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)buf;
1590         off = 0;
1591
1592         if ((hoplim = get_hoplim(mhdr)) == -1) {
1593                 warnx("failed to get receiving hop limit");
1594                 return;
1595         }
1596         if ((pktinfo = get_rcvpktinfo(mhdr)) == NULL) {
1597                 warnx("failed to get receiving packet information");
1598                 return;
1599         }
1600
1601         if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY && myechoreply(icp)) {
1602                 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp6_seq);
1603                 ++nreceived;
1604                 if (timing) {
1605                         memcpy(&tpp, icp + 1, sizeof(tpp));
1606                         tp.tv_sec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_sec);
1607                         tp.tv_nsec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_nsec);
1608                         timespecsub(&tv, &tp, &tv);
1609                         triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1610                             ((double)tv.tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
1611                         tsum += triptime;
1612                         tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
1613                         if (triptime < tmin)
1614                                 tmin = triptime;
1615                         if (triptime > tmax)
1616                                 tmax = triptime;
1617                 }
1618
1619                 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1620                         ++nrepeats;
1621                         --nreceived;
1622                         dupflag = 1;
1623                 } else {
1624                         SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1625                         dupflag = 0;
1626                 }
1627
1628                 if (options & F_QUIET)
1629                         return;
1630
1631                 if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
1632                         ++nrcvtimeout;
1633                         return;
1634                 }
1635
1636                 if (options & F_FLOOD)
1637                         (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
1638                 else {
1639                         if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
1640                                 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
1641                         (void)printf("%d bytes from %s, icmp_seq=%u", cc,
1642                             pr_addr(from, fromlen), seq);
1643                         (void)printf(" hlim=%d", hoplim);
1644                         if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
1645                                 struct sockaddr_in6 dstsa;
1646
1647                                 memset(&dstsa, 0, sizeof(dstsa));
1648                                 dstsa.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1649                                 dstsa.sin6_len = sizeof(dstsa);
1650                                 dstsa.sin6_scope_id = pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex;
1651                                 dstsa.sin6_addr = pktinfo->ipi6_addr;
1652                                 (void)printf(" dst=%s",
1653                                     pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dstsa,
1654                                     sizeof(dstsa)));
1655                         }
1656                         if (timing)
1657                                 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
1658                         if (dupflag)
1659                                 (void)printf("(DUP!)");
1660                         /* check the data */
1661                         cp = buf + off + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
1662                         dp = outpack + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
1663                         for (i = 8; cp < end; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
1664                                 if (*cp != *dp) {
1665                                         (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", i, *dp, *cp);
1666                                         break;
1667                                 }
1668                         }
1669                 }
1670         } else if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_NI_REPLY && mynireply(ni)) {
1671                 memcpy(&seq, ni->icmp6_ni_nonce, sizeof(seq));
1672                 seq = ntohs(seq);
1673                 ++nreceived;
1674                 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
1675                         ++nrepeats;
1676                         --nreceived;
1677                         dupflag = 1;
1678                 } else {
1679                         SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
1680                         dupflag = 0;
1681                 }
1682
1683                 if (options & F_QUIET)
1684                         return;
1685
1686                 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1687
1688                 switch (ntohs(ni->ni_code)) {
1689                 case ICMP6_NI_SUCCESS:
1690                         break;
1691                 case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
1692                         printf("refused, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1693                         goto fqdnend;
1694                 case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
1695                         printf("unknown, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1696                         goto fqdnend;
1697                 default:
1698                         printf("unknown code 0x%x, type 0x%x",
1699                             ntohs(ni->ni_code), ntohs(ni->ni_type));
1700                         goto fqdnend;
1701                 }
1702
1703                 switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
1704                 case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
1705                         printf("NodeInfo NOOP");
1706                         break;
1707                 case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
1708                         pr_suptypes(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
1709                         break;
1710                 case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
1711                         pr_nodeaddr(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
1712                         break;
1713                 case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
1714                 default:        /* XXX: for backward compatibility */
1715                         cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
1716                         if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] ==
1717                             cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1)
1718                                 oldfqdn = 1;
1719                         else
1720                                 oldfqdn = 0;
1721                         if (oldfqdn) {
1722                                 cp++;   /* skip length */
1723                                 while (cp < end) {
1724                                         safeputc(*cp & 0xff);
1725                                         cp++;
1726                                 }
1727                         } else {
1728                                 i = 0;
1729                                 while (cp < end) {
1730                                         cp = dnsdecode((const u_char *)cp, end,
1731                                             (const u_char *)(ni + 1), dnsname,
1732                                             sizeof(dnsname));
1733                                         if (cp == NULL) {
1734                                                 printf("???");
1735                                                 break;
1736                                         }
1737                                         /*
1738                                          * name-lookup special handling for
1739                                          * truncated name
1740                                          */
1741                                         if (cp + 1 <= end && !*cp &&
1742                                             strlen(dnsname) > 0) {
1743                                                 dnsname[strlen(dnsname) - 1] = '\0';
1744                                                 cp++;
1745                                         }
1746                                         printf("%s%s", i > 0 ? "," : "",
1747                                             dnsname);
1748                                 }
1749                         }
1750                         if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
1751                                 u_long t;
1752                                 int32_t ttl;
1753                                 int comma = 0;
1754
1755                                 (void)printf(" (");     /*)*/
1756
1757                                 switch (ni->ni_code) {
1758                                 case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
1759                                         (void)printf("refused");
1760                                         comma++;
1761                                         break;
1762                                 case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
1763                                         (void)printf("unknown qtype");
1764                                         comma++;
1765                                         break;
1766                                 }
1767
1768                                 if ((end - (u_char *)ni) < ICMP6_NIRLEN) {
1769                                         /* case of refusion, unknown */
1770                                         /*(*/
1771                                         putchar(')');
1772                                         goto fqdnend;
1773                                 }
1774                                 memcpy(&t, &buf[off+ICMP6ECHOLEN+8], sizeof(t));
1775                                 ttl = (int32_t)ntohl(t);
1776                                 if (comma)
1777                                         printf(",");
1778                                 if (!(ni->ni_flags & NI_FQDN_FLAG_VALIDTTL)) {
1779                                         (void)printf("TTL=%d:meaningless",
1780                                             (int)ttl);
1781                                 } else {
1782                                         if (ttl < 0) {
1783                                                 (void)printf("TTL=%d:invalid",
1784                                                    ttl);
1785                                         } else
1786                                                 (void)printf("TTL=%d", ttl);
1787                                 }
1788                                 comma++;
1789
1790                                 if (oldfqdn) {
1791                                         if (comma)
1792                                                 printf(",");
1793                                         printf("03 draft");
1794                                         comma++;
1795                                 } else {
1796                                         cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
1797                                         if (cp == end) {
1798                                                 if (comma)
1799                                                         printf(",");
1800                                                 printf("no name");
1801                                                 comma++;
1802                                         }
1803                                 }
1804
1805                                 if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] !=
1806                                     cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1 && oldfqdn) {
1807                                         if (comma)
1808                                                 printf(",");
1809                                         (void)printf("invalid namelen:%d/%lu",
1810                                             buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN],
1811                                             (u_long)cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1);
1812                                         comma++;
1813                                 }
1814                                 /*(*/
1815                                 putchar(')');
1816                         }
1817                 fqdnend:
1818                         ;
1819                 }
1820         } else {
1821                 /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
1822                 if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
1823                         return;
1824                 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));
1825                 pr_icmph(icp, end);
1826         }
1827
1828         if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
1829                 (void)putchar('\n');
1830                 if (options & F_VERBOSE)
1831                         pr_exthdrs(mhdr);
1832                 (void)fflush(stdout);
1833         }
1834 #undef safeputc
1835 }
1836
1837 static void
1838 pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *mhdr)
1839 {
1840         ssize_t bufsize;
1841         void    *bufp;
1842         struct cmsghdr *cm;
1843
1844         bufsize = 0;
1845         bufp = mhdr->msg_control;
1846         for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
1847              cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
1848                 if (cm->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IPV6)
1849                         continue;
1850
1851                 bufsize = CONTROLLEN - ((caddr_t)CMSG_DATA(cm) - (caddr_t)bufp);
1852                 if (bufsize <= 0)
1853                         continue;
1854                 switch (cm->cmsg_type) {
1855                 case IPV6_HOPOPTS:
1856                         printf("  HbH Options: ");
1857                         pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1858                         break;
1859                 case IPV6_DSTOPTS:
1860 #ifdef IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS
1861                 case IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS:
1862 #endif
1863                         printf("  Dst Options: ");
1864                         pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1865                         break;
1866                 case IPV6_RTHDR:
1867                         printf("  Routing: ");
1868                         pr_rthdr(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
1869                         break;
1870                 }
1871         }
1872 }
1873
1874 static void
1875 pr_ip6opt(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
1876 {
1877         struct ip6_hbh *ext;
1878         int currentlen;
1879         u_int8_t type;
1880         socklen_t extlen, len;
1881         void *databuf;
1882         size_t offset;
1883         u_int16_t value2;
1884         u_int32_t value4;
1885
1886         ext = (struct ip6_hbh *)extbuf;
1887         extlen = (ext->ip6h_len + 1) * 8;
1888         printf("nxt %u, len %u (%lu bytes)\n", ext->ip6h_nxt,
1889             (unsigned int)ext->ip6h_len, (unsigned long)extlen);
1890
1891         /*
1892          * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer:
1893          *     subtract the size of a cmsg structure from the buffer size.
1894          */
1895         if (bufsize < (extlen  + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
1896                 extlen = bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0);
1897                 warnx("options truncated, showing only %u (total=%u)",
1898                     (unsigned int)(extlen / 8 - 1),
1899                     (unsigned int)(ext->ip6h_len));
1900         }
1901
1902         currentlen = 0;
1903         while (1) {
1904                 currentlen = inet6_opt_next(extbuf, extlen, currentlen,
1905                     &type, &len, &databuf);
1906                 if (currentlen == -1)
1907                         break;
1908                 switch (type) {
1909                 /*
1910                  * Note that inet6_opt_next automatically skips any padding
1911                  * optins.
1912                  */
1913                 case IP6OPT_JUMBO:
1914                         offset = 0;
1915                         offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
1916                             &value4, sizeof(value4));
1917                         printf("    Jumbo Payload Opt: Length %u\n",
1918                             (u_int32_t)ntohl(value4));
1919                         break;
1920                 case IP6OPT_ROUTER_ALERT:
1921                         offset = 0;
1922                         offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
1923                                                    &value2, sizeof(value2));
1924                         printf("    Router Alert Opt: Type %u\n",
1925                             ntohs(value2));
1926                         break;
1927                 default:
1928                         printf("    Received Opt %u len %lu\n",
1929                             type, (unsigned long)len);
1930                         break;
1931                 }
1932         }
1933         return;
1934 }
1935
1936 static void
1937 pr_rthdr(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
1938 {
1939         struct in6_addr *in6;
1940         char ntopbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
1941         struct ip6_rthdr *rh = (struct ip6_rthdr *)extbuf;
1942         int i, segments, origsegs, rthsize, size0, size1;
1943
1944         /* print fixed part of the header */
1945         printf("nxt %u, len %u (%d bytes), type %u, ", rh->ip6r_nxt,
1946             rh->ip6r_len, (rh->ip6r_len + 1) << 3, rh->ip6r_type);
1947         if ((segments = inet6_rth_segments(extbuf)) >= 0) {
1948                 printf("%d segments, ", segments);
1949                 printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
1950         } else {
1951                 printf("segments unknown, ");
1952                 printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
1953                 return;
1954         }
1955
1956         /*
1957          * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer. When calculating
1958          * the number of items to show keep in mind:
1959          *      - The size of the cmsg structure
1960          *      - The size of one segment (the size of a Type 0 routing header)
1961          *      - When dividing add a fudge factor of one in case the
1962          *        dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor
1963          */
1964         rthsize = (rh->ip6r_len + 1) * 8;
1965         if (bufsize < (rthsize + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
1966                 origsegs = segments;
1967                 size0 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 0);
1968                 size1 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 1);
1969                 segments -= (rthsize - (bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0))) /
1970                     (size1 - size0) + 1;
1971                 warnx("segments truncated, showing only %d (total=%d)",
1972                     segments, origsegs);
1973         }
1974
1975         for (i = 0; i < segments; i++) {
1976                 in6 = inet6_rth_getaddr(extbuf, i);
1977                 if (in6 == NULL)
1978                         printf("   [%d]<NULL>\n", i);
1979                 else {
1980                         if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, in6, ntopbuf,
1981                             sizeof(ntopbuf)))
1982                                 strlcpy(ntopbuf, "?", sizeof(ntopbuf));
1983                         printf("   [%d]%s\n", i, ntopbuf);
1984                 }
1985         }
1986
1987         return;
1988
1989 }
1990
1991 static int
1992 pr_bitrange(u_int32_t v, int soff, int ii)
1993 {
1994         int off;
1995         int i;
1996
1997         off = 0;
1998         while (off < 32) {
1999                 /* shift till we have 0x01 */
2000                 if ((v & 0x01) == 0) {
2001                         if (ii > 1)
2002                                 printf("-%u", soff + off - 1);
2003                         ii = 0;
2004                         switch (v & 0x0f) {
2005                         case 0x00:
2006                                 v >>= 4;
2007                                 off += 4;
2008                                 continue;
2009                         case 0x08:
2010                                 v >>= 3;
2011                                 off += 3;
2012                                 continue;
2013                         case 0x04: case 0x0c:
2014                                 v >>= 2;
2015                                 off += 2;
2016                                 continue;
2017                         default:
2018                                 v >>= 1;
2019                                 off += 1;
2020                                 continue;
2021                         }
2022                 }
2023
2024                 /* we have 0x01 with us */
2025                 for (i = 0; i < 32 - off; i++) {
2026                         if ((v & (0x01 << i)) == 0)
2027                                 break;
2028                 }
2029                 if (!ii)
2030                         printf(" %u", soff + off);
2031                 ii += i;
2032                 v >>= i; off += i;
2033         }
2034         return ii;
2035 }
2036
2037 static void
2038 pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, size_t nilen)
2039         /* ni->qtype must be SUPTYPES */
2040 {
2041         size_t clen;
2042         u_int32_t v;
2043         const u_char *cp, *end;
2044         u_int16_t cur;
2045         struct cbit {
2046                 u_int16_t words;        /*32bit count*/
2047                 u_int16_t skip;
2048         } cbit;
2049 #define MAXQTYPES       (1 << 16)
2050         size_t off;
2051         int b;
2052
2053         cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2054         end = ((u_char *)ni) + nilen;
2055         cur = 0;
2056         b = 0;
2057
2058         printf("NodeInfo Supported Qtypes");
2059         if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2060                 if (ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS)
2061                         printf(", compressed bitmap");
2062                 else
2063                         printf(", raw bitmap");
2064         }
2065
2066         while (cp < end) {
2067                 clen = (size_t)(end - cp);
2068                 if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) == 0) {
2069                         if (clen == 0 || clen > MAXQTYPES / 8 ||
2070                             clen % sizeof(v)) {
2071                                 printf("???");
2072                                 return;
2073                         }
2074                 } else {
2075                         if (clen < sizeof(cbit) || clen % sizeof(v))
2076                                 return;
2077                         memcpy(&cbit, cp, sizeof(cbit));
2078                         if (sizeof(cbit) + ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v) >
2079                             clen)
2080                                 return;
2081                         cp += sizeof(cbit);
2082                         clen = ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v);
2083                         if (cur + clen * 8 + (u_long)ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32 >
2084                             MAXQTYPES)
2085                                 return;
2086                 }
2087
2088                 for (off = 0; off < clen; off += sizeof(v)) {
2089                         memcpy(&v, cp + off, sizeof(v));
2090                         v = (u_int32_t)ntohl(v);
2091                         b = pr_bitrange(v, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);
2092                 }
2093                 /* flush the remaining bits */
2094                 b = pr_bitrange(0, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);
2095
2096                 cp += clen;
2097                 cur += clen * 8;
2098                 if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) != 0)
2099                         cur += ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32;
2100         }
2101 }
2102
2103 static void
2104 pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, int nilen)
2105         /* ni->qtype must be NODEADDR */
2106 {
2107         u_char *cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2108         char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2109         int withttl = 0;
2110
2111         nilen -= sizeof(struct icmp6_nodeinfo);
2112
2113         if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2114                 switch (ni->ni_code) {
2115                 case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
2116                         (void)printf("refused");
2117                         break;
2118                 case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
2119                         (void)printf("unknown qtype");
2120                         break;
2121                 }
2122                 if (ni->ni_flags & NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_TRUNCATE)
2123                         (void)printf(" truncated");
2124         }
2125         putchar('\n');
2126         if (nilen <= 0)
2127                 printf("  no address\n");
2128
2129         /*
2130          * In icmp-name-lookups 05 and later, TTL of each returned address
2131          * is contained in the resposne. We try to detect the version
2132          * by the length of the data, but note that the detection algorithm
2133          * is incomplete. We assume the latest draft by default.
2134          */
2135         if (nilen % (sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(struct in6_addr)) == 0)
2136                 withttl = 1;
2137         while (nilen > 0) {
2138                 u_int32_t ttl = 0;
2139
2140                 if (withttl) {
2141                         uint32_t t;
2142
2143                         memcpy(&t, cp, sizeof(t));
2144                         ttl = (u_int32_t)ntohl(t);
2145                         cp += sizeof(u_int32_t);
2146                         nilen -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
2147                 }
2148
2149                 if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, cp, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)) ==
2150                     NULL)
2151                         strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2152                 printf("  %s", ntop_buf);
2153                 if (withttl) {
2154                         if (ttl == 0xffffffff) {
2155                                 /*
2156                                  * XXX: can this convention be applied to all
2157                                  * type of TTL (i.e. non-ND TTL)?
2158                                  */
2159                                 printf("(TTL=infty)");
2160                         }
2161                         else
2162                                 printf("(TTL=%u)", ttl);
2163                 }
2164                 putchar('\n');
2165
2166                 nilen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
2167                 cp += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
2168         }
2169 }
2170
2171 static int
2172 get_hoplim(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2173 {
2174         struct cmsghdr *cm;
2175
2176         for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2177              cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2178                 if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2179                         return(-1);
2180
2181                 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2182                     cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
2183                     cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
2184                         int r;
2185
2186                         memcpy(&r, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(r));
2187                         return(r);
2188                 }
2189         }
2190
2191         return(-1);
2192 }
2193
2194 static struct in6_pktinfo *
2195 get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2196 {
2197         static struct in6_pktinfo pi;
2198         struct cmsghdr *cm;
2199
2200         for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2201              cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2202                 if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2203                         return(NULL);
2204
2205                 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2206                     cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PKTINFO &&
2207                     cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo))) {
2208                         memcpy(&pi, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(pi));
2209                         return(&pi);
2210                 }
2211         }
2212
2213         return(NULL);
2214 }
2215
2216 static int
2217 get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *mhdr)
2218 {
2219 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
2220         struct cmsghdr *cm;
2221         struct ip6_mtuinfo mtuctl;
2222
2223         for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
2224              cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
2225                 if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
2226                         return(0);
2227
2228                 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
2229                     cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PATHMTU &&
2230                     cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ip6_mtuinfo))) {
2231                         memcpy(&mtuctl, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(mtuctl));
2232
2233                         /*
2234                          * If the notified destination is different from
2235                          * the one we are pinging, just ignore the info.
2236                          * We check the scope ID only when both notified value
2237                          * and our own value have non-0 values, because we may
2238                          * have used the default scope zone ID for sending,
2239                          * in which case the scope ID value is 0.
2240                          */
2241                         if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_addr,
2242                                                 &dst.sin6_addr) ||
2243                             (mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id &&
2244                              dst.sin6_scope_id &&
2245                              mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id !=
2246                              dst.sin6_scope_id)) {
2247                                 if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
2248                                         printf("path MTU for %s is notified. "
2249                                                "(ignored)\n",
2250                                            pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&mtuctl.ip6m_addr,
2251                                            sizeof(mtuctl.ip6m_addr)));
2252                                 }
2253                                 return(0);
2254                         }
2255
2256                         /*
2257                          * Ignore an invalid MTU. XXX: can we just believe
2258                          * the kernel check?
2259                          */
2260                         if (mtuctl.ip6m_mtu < IPV6_MMTU)
2261                                 return(0);
2262
2263                         /* notification for our destination. return the MTU. */
2264                         return((int)mtuctl.ip6m_mtu);
2265                 }
2266         }
2267 #endif
2268         return(0);
2269 }
2270
2271 /*
2272  * onint --
2273  *      SIGINT handler.
2274  */
2275 /* ARGSUSED */
2276 static void
2277 onint(int notused __unused)
2278 {
2279         /*
2280          * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the seenint flag might not
2281          * be noticed for a while.  Just exit if we get a second SIGINT.
2282          */
2283         if ((options & F_HOSTNAME) && seenint != 0)
2284                 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2);
2285 }
2286
2287 /*
2288  * summary --
2289  *      Print out statistics.
2290  */
2291 static void
2292 summary(void)
2293 {
2294
2295         (void)printf("\n--- %s ping6 statistics ---\n", hostname);
2296         (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
2297         (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
2298         if (nrepeats)
2299                 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
2300         if (ntransmitted) {
2301                 if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
2302                         (void)printf("-- somebody's duplicating packets!");
2303                 else
2304                         (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss",
2305                             ((((double)ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100.0) /
2306                             ntransmitted));
2307         }
2308         if (nrcvtimeout)
2309                 printf(", %ld packets out of wait time", nrcvtimeout);
2310         (void)putchar('\n');
2311         if (nreceived && timing) {
2312                 /* Only display average to microseconds */
2313                 double num = nreceived + nrepeats;
2314                 double avg = tsum / num;
2315                 double dev = sqrt(tsumsq / num - avg * avg);
2316                 (void)printf(
2317                     "round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
2318                     tmin, avg, tmax, dev);
2319                 (void)fflush(stdout);
2320         }
2321         (void)fflush(stdout);
2322 }
2323
2324 /*subject type*/
2325 static const char *niqcode[] = {
2326         "IPv6 address",
2327         "DNS label",    /*or empty*/
2328         "IPv4 address",
2329 };
2330
2331 /*result code*/
2332 static const char *nircode[] = {
2333         "Success", "Refused", "Unknown",
2334 };
2335
2336
2337 /*
2338  * pr_icmph --
2339  *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
2340  */
2341 static void
2342 pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *icp, u_char *end)
2343 {
2344         char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2345         struct nd_redirect *red;
2346         struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
2347         char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];
2348         const u_char *cp;
2349         size_t l;
2350
2351         switch (icp->icmp6_type) {
2352         case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
2353                 switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2354                 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
2355                         (void)printf("No Route to Destination\n");
2356                         break;
2357                 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
2358                         (void)printf("Destination Administratively "
2359                             "Unreachable\n");
2360                         break;
2361                 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE:
2362                         (void)printf("Destination Unreachable Beyond Scope\n");
2363                         break;
2364                 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
2365                         (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
2366                         break;
2367                 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
2368                         (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
2369                         break;
2370                 default:
2371                         (void)printf("Destination Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
2372                             icp->icmp6_code);
2373                         break;
2374                 }
2375                 /* Print returned IP header information */
2376                 pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2377                 break;
2378         case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
2379                 (void)printf("Packet too big mtu = %d\n",
2380                     (int)ntohl(icp->icmp6_mtu));
2381                 pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2382                 break;
2383         case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
2384                 switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2385                 case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT:
2386                         (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
2387                         break;
2388                 case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_REASSEMBLY:
2389                         (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
2390                         break;
2391                 default:
2392                         (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
2393                             icp->icmp6_code);
2394                         break;
2395                 }
2396                 pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2397                 break;
2398         case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
2399                 (void)printf("Parameter problem: ");
2400                 switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
2401                 case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_HEADER:
2402                         (void)printf("Erroneous Header ");
2403                         break;
2404                 case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER:
2405                         (void)printf("Unknown Nextheader ");
2406                         break;
2407                 case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_OPTION:
2408                         (void)printf("Unrecognized Option ");
2409                         break;
2410                 default:
2411                         (void)printf("Bad code(%d) ", icp->icmp6_code);
2412                         break;
2413                 }
2414                 (void)printf("pointer = 0x%02x\n",
2415                     (u_int32_t)ntohl(icp->icmp6_pptr));
2416                 pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
2417                 break;
2418         case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
2419                 (void)printf("Echo Request");
2420                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2421                 break;
2422         case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
2423                 (void)printf("Echo Reply");
2424                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2425                 break;
2426         case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
2427                 (void)printf("Listener Query");
2428                 break;
2429         case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
2430                 (void)printf("Listener Report");
2431                 break;
2432         case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REDUCTION:
2433                 (void)printf("Listener Done");
2434                 break;
2435         case ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT:
2436                 (void)printf("Router Solicitation");
2437                 break;
2438         case ND_ROUTER_ADVERT:
2439                 (void)printf("Router Advertisement");
2440                 break;
2441         case ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT:
2442                 (void)printf("Neighbor Solicitation");
2443                 break;
2444         case ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT:
2445                 (void)printf("Neighbor Advertisement");
2446                 break;
2447         case ND_REDIRECT:
2448                 red = (struct nd_redirect *)icp;
2449                 (void)printf("Redirect\n");
2450                 if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_dst, ntop_buf,
2451                     sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2452                         strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2453                 (void)printf("Destination: %s", ntop_buf);
2454                 if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_target, ntop_buf,
2455                     sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2456                         strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2457                 (void)printf(" New Target: %s", ntop_buf);
2458                 break;
2459         case ICMP6_NI_QUERY:
2460                 (void)printf("Node Information Query");
2461                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2462                 ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
2463                 l = end - (u_char *)(ni + 1);
2464                 printf(", ");
2465                 switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
2466                 case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
2467                         (void)printf("NOOP");
2468                         break;
2469                 case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
2470                         (void)printf("Supported qtypes");
2471                         break;
2472                 case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
2473                         (void)printf("DNS name");
2474                         break;
2475                 case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
2476                         (void)printf("nodeaddr");
2477                         break;
2478                 case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
2479                         (void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
2480                         break;
2481                 default:
2482                         (void)printf("unknown qtype");
2483                         break;
2484                 }
2485                 if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2486                         switch (ni->ni_code) {
2487                         case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6:
2488                                 if (l == sizeof(struct in6_addr) &&
2489                                     inet_ntop(AF_INET6, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
2490                                     sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
2491                                         (void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
2492                                             niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
2493                                 } else {
2494 #if 1
2495                                         /* backward compat to -W */
2496                                         (void)printf(", oldfqdn");
2497 #else
2498                                         (void)printf(", invalid");
2499 #endif
2500                                 }
2501                                 break;
2502                         case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN:
2503                                 if (end == (u_char *)(ni + 1)) {
2504                                         (void)printf(", no subject");
2505                                         break;
2506                                 }
2507                                 printf(", subject=%s", niqcode[ni->ni_code]);
2508                                 cp = (const u_char *)(ni + 1);
2509                                 cp = dnsdecode(cp, end, NULL, dnsname,
2510                                     sizeof(dnsname));
2511                                 if (cp != NULL)
2512                                         printf("(%s)", dnsname);
2513                                 else
2514                                         printf("(invalid)");
2515                                 break;
2516                         case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV4:
2517                                 if (l == sizeof(struct in_addr) &&
2518                                     inet_ntop(AF_INET, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
2519                                     sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
2520                                         (void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
2521                                             niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
2522                                 } else
2523                                         (void)printf(", invalid");
2524                                 break;
2525                         default:
2526                                 (void)printf(", invalid");
2527                                 break;
2528                         }
2529                 }
2530                 break;
2531         case ICMP6_NI_REPLY:
2532                 (void)printf("Node Information Reply");
2533                 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
2534                 ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
2535                 printf(", ");
2536                 switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
2537                 case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
2538                         (void)printf("NOOP");
2539                         break;
2540                 case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
2541                         (void)printf("Supported qtypes");
2542                         break;
2543                 case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
2544                         (void)printf("DNS name");
2545                         break;
2546                 case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
2547                         (void)printf("nodeaddr");
2548                         break;
2549                 case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
2550                         (void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
2551                         break;
2552                 default:
2553                         (void)printf("unknown qtype");
2554                         break;
2555                 }
2556                 if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
2557                         if (ni->ni_code > nitems(nircode))
2558                                 printf(", invalid");
2559                         else
2560                                 printf(", %s", nircode[ni->ni_code]);
2561                 }
2562                 break;
2563         default:
2564                 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp6_type);
2565         }
2566 }
2567
2568 /*
2569  * pr_iph --
2570  *      Print an IP6 header.
2571  */
2572 static void
2573 pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *ip6)
2574 {
2575         u_int32_t flow = ip6->ip6_flow & IPV6_FLOWLABEL_MASK;
2576         u_int8_t tc;
2577         char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
2578
2579         tc = *(&ip6->ip6_vfc + 1); /* XXX */
2580         tc = (tc >> 4) & 0x0f;
2581         tc |= (ip6->ip6_vfc << 4);
2582
2583         printf("Vr TC  Flow Plen Nxt Hlim\n");
2584         printf(" %1x %02x %05x %04x  %02x   %02x\n",
2585             (ip6->ip6_vfc & IPV6_VERSION_MASK) >> 4, tc, (u_int32_t)ntohl(flow),
2586             ntohs(ip6->ip6_plen), ip6->ip6_nxt, ip6->ip6_hlim);
2587         if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_src, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2588                 strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2589         printf("%s->", ntop_buf);
2590         if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_dst, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
2591                 strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
2592         printf("%s\n", ntop_buf);
2593 }
2594
2595 /*
2596  * pr_addr --
2597  *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
2598  * a hostname.
2599  */
2600 static const char *
2601 pr_addr(struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
2602 {
2603         static char buf[NI_MAXHOST];
2604         int flag = 0;
2605
2606         if ((options & F_HOSTNAME) == 0)
2607                 flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
2608
2609         if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, addr, addrlen, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0,
2610                 flag) == 0)
2611                 return (buf);
2612         else
2613                 return "?";
2614 }
2615
2616 /*
2617  * pr_retip --
2618  *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMPv6) IPv6 packet.
2619  */
2620 static void
2621 pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *ip6, u_char *end)
2622 {
2623         u_char *cp = (u_char *)ip6, nh;
2624         int hlen;
2625
2626         if ((size_t)(end - (u_char *)ip6) < sizeof(*ip6)) {
2627                 printf("IP6");
2628                 goto trunc;
2629         }
2630         pr_iph(ip6);
2631         hlen = sizeof(*ip6);
2632
2633         nh = ip6->ip6_nxt;
2634         cp += hlen;
2635         while (end - cp >= 8) {
2636                 struct ah ah;
2637
2638                 switch (nh) {
2639                 case IPPROTO_HOPOPTS:
2640                         printf("HBH ");
2641                         hlen = (((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_len+1) << 3;
2642                         nh = ((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_nxt;
2643                         break;
2644                 case IPPROTO_DSTOPTS:
2645                         printf("DSTOPT ");
2646                         hlen = (((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_len+1) << 3;
2647                         nh = ((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_nxt;
2648                         break;
2649                 case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:
2650                         printf("FRAG ");
2651                         hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_frag);
2652                         nh = ((struct ip6_frag *)cp)->ip6f_nxt;
2653                         break;
2654                 case IPPROTO_ROUTING:
2655                         printf("RTHDR ");
2656                         hlen = (((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_len+1) << 3;
2657                         nh = ((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_nxt;
2658                         break;
2659 #ifdef IPSEC
2660                 case IPPROTO_AH:
2661                         printf("AH ");
2662                         memcpy(&ah, cp, sizeof(ah));
2663                         hlen = (ah.ah_len+2) << 2;
2664                         nh = ah.ah_nxt;
2665                         break;
2666 #endif
2667                 case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
2668                         printf("ICMP6: type = %d, code = %d\n",
2669                             *cp, *(cp + 1));
2670                         return;
2671                 case IPPROTO_ESP:
2672                         printf("ESP\n");
2673                         return;
2674                 case IPPROTO_TCP:
2675                         printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
2676                             (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
2677                             (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
2678                         return;
2679                 case IPPROTO_UDP:
2680                         printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
2681                             (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
2682                             (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
2683                         return;
2684                 default:
2685                         printf("Unknown Header(%d)\n", nh);
2686                         return;
2687                 }
2688
2689                 if ((cp += hlen) >= end)
2690                         goto trunc;
2691         }
2692         if (end - cp < 8)
2693                 goto trunc;
2694
2695         putchar('\n');
2696         return;
2697
2698   trunc:
2699         printf("...\n");
2700         return;
2701 }
2702
2703 static void
2704 fill(char *bp, char *patp)
2705 {
2706         int ii, jj, kk;
2707         int pat[16];
2708         char *cp;
2709
2710         for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
2711                 if (!isxdigit(*cp))
2712                         errx(1, "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
2713         ii = sscanf(patp,
2714             "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
2715             &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
2716             &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
2717             &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
2718
2719 /* xxx */
2720         if (ii > 0)
2721                 for (kk = 0;
2722                     (size_t)kk <= MAXDATALEN - 8 + sizeof(struct tv32) + ii;
2723                     kk += ii)
2724                         for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
2725                                 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
2726         if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
2727                 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
2728                 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
2729                         (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
2730                 (void)printf("\n");
2731         }
2732 }
2733
2734 #ifdef IPSEC
2735 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
2736 static int
2737 setpolicy(int so __unused, char *policy)
2738 {
2739         char *buf;
2740
2741         if (policy == NULL)
2742                 return 0;       /* ignore */
2743
2744         buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
2745         if (buf == NULL)
2746                 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
2747         if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY, buf,
2748             ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
2749                 warnx("Unable to set IPsec policy");
2750         free(buf);
2751
2752         return 0;
2753 }
2754 #endif
2755 #endif
2756
2757 static char *
2758 nigroup(char *name, int nig_oldmcprefix)
2759 {
2760         char *p;
2761         char *q;
2762         MD5_CTX ctxt;
2763         u_int8_t digest[16];
2764         u_int8_t c;
2765         size_t l;
2766         char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
2767         struct in6_addr in6;
2768         int valid;
2769
2770         p = strchr(name, '.');
2771         if (!p)
2772                 p = name + strlen(name);
2773         l = p - name;
2774         if (l > 63 || l > sizeof(hbuf) - 1)
2775                 return NULL;    /*label too long*/
2776         strncpy(hbuf, name, l);
2777         hbuf[(int)l] = '\0';
2778
2779         for (q = name; *q; q++) {
2780                 if (isupper(*(unsigned char *)q))
2781                         *q = tolower(*(unsigned char *)q);
2782         }
2783
2784         /* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
2785         memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
2786         MD5Init(&ctxt);
2787         c = l & 0xff;
2788         MD5Update(&ctxt, &c, sizeof(c));
2789         MD5Update(&ctxt, (unsigned char *)name, l);
2790         MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
2791
2792         if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
2793                 /* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
2794                 valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:0000:0000", &in6);
2795         } else {
2796                 /* RFC 4620 */
2797                 valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:ff00:0000", &in6);
2798         }
2799         if (valid != 1)
2800                 return NULL;    /*XXX*/
2801
2802         if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
2803                 /* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
2804                 bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[12], 4);
2805         } else {
2806                 /* RFC 4620 */
2807                 bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[13], 3);
2808         }
2809
2810         if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) == NULL)
2811                 return NULL;
2812
2813         return strdup(hbuf);
2814 }
2815
2816 static void
2817 usage(void)
2818 {
2819         (void)fprintf(stderr,
2820 #if defined(IPSEC) && !defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
2821             "A"
2822 #endif
2823             "usage: ping6 [-"
2824             "Dd"
2825 #if defined(IPSEC) && !defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
2826             "E"
2827 #endif
2828             "fH"
2829 #ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
2830             "m"
2831 #endif
2832             "nNoqrRtvwW] "
2833             "[-a addrtype] [-b bufsiz] [-c count] [-g gateway]\n"
2834             "             [-h hoplimit] [-I interface] [-i wait] [-l preload]"
2835 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
2836             " [-P policy]"
2837 #endif
2838             "\n"
2839             "             [-p pattern] [-S sourceaddr] [-s packetsize] "
2840             "[-x waittime]\n"
2841             "             [-X timeout] [-z tclass] [hops ...] host\n");
2842         exit(1);
2843 }
2844
2845 static cap_channel_t *
2846 capdns_setup(void)
2847 {
2848         cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
2849 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
2850         const char *types[2];
2851         int families[1];
2852 #endif
2853         capcas = cap_init();
2854         if (capcas == NULL)
2855                 err(1, "unable to create casper process");
2856         capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
2857         /* Casper capability no longer needed. */
2858         cap_close(capcas);
2859         if (capdnsloc == NULL)
2860                 err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
2861 #ifdef WITH_CASPER
2862         types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
2863         types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
2864         if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
2865                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
2866         families[0] = AF_INET6;
2867         if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, nitems(families)) < 0)
2868                 err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
2869 #endif
2870         return (capdnsloc);
2871 }