2 .\" Copyright (c) 1999 Sheldon Hearn
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7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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140 .Nd shell built-in commands
142 See the built-in command description in the appropriate shell manual page.
144 Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the
145 running shell's process.
146 Note that, in the case of
148 builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as
149 any component of a pipeline except the last.
151 If a command specified to the shell contains a slash
153 the shell will not execute a builtin command, even if the last component
154 of the specified command matches the name of a builtin command.
155 Thus, while specifying
157 causes a builtin command to be executed under shells that support the
166 While some builtin commands may exist in more than one shell, their
167 operation may be different under each shell which supports them.
168 Below is a table which lists shell builtin commands, the standard shells
169 that support them and whether they exist as standalone utilities.
171 Only builtin commands for the
175 shells are listed here.
176 Consult a shell's manual page for
177 details on the operation its builtin commands.
180 manual page, at least, calls some of these commands
181 .Dq built-in commands
184 Users of other shells may need to consult an
186 page or other sources of documentation.
193 but are implemented as scripts using a builtin command of the same name.
194 .Bl -column ".Ic uncomplete" ".Em External" ".Xr csh 1" ".Xr sh 1" -offset indent
195 .It Em Command Ta Em External Ta Xr csh 1 Ta Xr sh 1
196 .It Ic \&! Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
197 .It Ic % Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
198 .It Ic \&. Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
199 .It Ic \&: Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
200 .It Ic @ Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
201 .It Ic \&[ Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
202 .It Ic { Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
203 .It Ic } Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
204 .It Ic alias Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
205 .It Ic alloc Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
206 .It Ic bg Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
207 .It Ic bind Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
208 .It Ic bindkey Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
209 .It Ic break Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
210 .It Ic breaksw Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
211 .It Ic builtin Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
212 .It Ic builtins Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
213 .It Ic case Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
214 .It Ic cd Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
215 .It Ic chdir Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
216 .It Ic command Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
217 .It Ic complete Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
218 .It Ic continue Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
219 .It Ic default Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
220 .It Ic dirs Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
221 .It Ic do Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
222 .It Ic done Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
223 .It Ic echo Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Yes
224 .It Ic echotc Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
225 .It Ic elif Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
226 .It Ic else Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
227 .It Ic end Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
228 .It Ic endif Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
229 .It Ic endsw Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
230 .It Ic esac Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
231 .It Ic eval Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
232 .It Ic exec Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
233 .It Ic exit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
234 .It Ic export Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
235 .It Ic false Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
236 .It Ic fc Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
237 .It Ic fg Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
238 .It Ic filetest Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
239 .It Ic fi Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
240 .It Ic for Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
241 .It Ic foreach Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
242 .It Ic getopts Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
243 .It Ic glob Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
244 .It Ic goto Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
245 .It Ic hash Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
246 .It Ic hashstat Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
247 .It Ic history Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
248 .It Ic hup Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
249 .It Ic if Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
250 .It Ic jobid Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
251 .It Ic jobs Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
252 .It Ic kill Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta Yes
253 .It Ic limit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
254 .It Ic local Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
255 .It Ic log Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
256 .It Ic login Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
257 .It Ic logout Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
258 .It Ic ls-F Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
259 .It Ic nice Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
260 .It Ic nohup Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
261 .It Ic notify Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
262 .It Ic onintr Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
263 .It Ic popd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
264 .It Ic printenv Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
265 .It Ic printf Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
266 .It Ic pushd Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
267 .It Ic pwd Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
268 .It Ic read Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
269 .It Ic readonly Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
270 .It Ic rehash Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
271 .It Ic repeat Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
272 .It Ic return Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
273 .It Ic sched Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
274 .It Ic set Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
275 .It Ic setenv Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
276 .It Ic settc Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
277 .It Ic setty Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
278 .It Ic setvar Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
279 .It Ic shift Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
280 .It Ic source Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
281 .It Ic stop Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
282 .It Ic suspend Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
283 .It Ic switch Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
284 .It Ic telltc Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
285 .It Ic test Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
286 .It Ic then Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
287 .It Ic time Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
288 .It Ic times Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
289 .It Ic trap Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
290 .It Ic true Ta Yes Ta \&No Ta Yes
291 .It Ic type Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
292 .It Ic ulimit Ta No** Ta \&No Ta Yes
293 .It Ic umask Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
294 .It Ic unalias Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
295 .It Ic uncomplete Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
296 .It Ic unhash Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
297 .It Ic unlimit Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
298 .It Ic unset Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
299 .It Ic unsetenv Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
300 .It Ic until Ta \&No Ta \&No Ta Yes
301 .It Ic wait Ta No** Ta Yes Ta Yes
302 .It Ic where Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta \&No
303 .It Ic which Ta Yes Ta Yes Ta \&No
304 .It Ic while Ta \&No Ta Yes Ta Yes
326 manual page first appeared in
329 This manual page was written by
330 .An Sheldon Hearn Aq Mt sheldonh@FreeBSD.org .