2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
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40 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
42 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
47 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
48 .Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa"
49 .Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0"
50 .Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14"
51 .Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa"
52 .Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170"
53 .Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15"
55 For PC98 based ATA/ATAPI support:
60 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
61 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.at="isa"
62 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.port="0x640"
63 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.irq="9"
65 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
69 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
72 To support ATA software RAID's:
75 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
78 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
81 To support ATAPI tape drives:
86 subsystem controller drivers into cam(4) interface modules (disables all native
88 APIs and periperal drivers):
91 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
94 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
95 .It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
96 set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (default is 1, check the cable)
97 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
98 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
100 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
102 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
103 .It Va hint.atapci.X.msi
104 set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by
105 specified PCI ATA controller, if supported.
106 .It Va hint.ata.X.devX.mode
107 limits initial ATA mode for specified device on specified channel.
108 .It Va hint.ata.X.mode
109 limits initial ATA mode for every device on specified channel.
110 .It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level
111 controls SATA interface Power Management for specified channel,
112 allowing to save some power by the cost of additional command latency.
116 interface Power Management is disabled, default value.
118 device is allowed to initiate PM state change, host is passive.
120 host initiates PARTIAL PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
122 host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
124 Modes 2 and 3 are implemented only for AHCI driver now.
129 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
130 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
131 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
133 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
135 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
137 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
139 M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289.
141 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536.
143 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800.
145 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
151 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
153 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5,
154 ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH.
156 IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F.
158 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
160 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SX6101,
161 88SX6102, 88SX6111, 88SX6121, 88SX6141, 88SX6145, 88SX7042.
167 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4,
168 MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89.
170 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270,
171 PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375,
172 PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580,
173 PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519,
176 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
178 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
180 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630,
181 SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962,
182 SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
184 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686,
185 VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237,
186 VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855, VX900.
189 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
190 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
191 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
192 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
196 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
197 when the system is up and running.
203 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
206 driver sometimes warns:
207 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
211 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
212 or could not be detected properly,
213 or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up
216 .Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
217 tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check.
219 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
221 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
222 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
223 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
224 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
226 but be aware that your hardware might
228 support it and can potentially
230 the entire system causing data loss.
232 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC" -compact
234 ATA disk device nodes
236 ATA RAID device nodes
238 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
240 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
242 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
243 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
244 sample generic kernel config file for
249 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
251 use 80 conductor cables.
252 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
253 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the
254 quality of the cables.
255 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
257 Static device numbering
261 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
262 even when not present.
263 This is useful in hotswap scenarios
264 where disks should always show up as the same numbered device,
265 and not depend on attach order.
267 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
278 driver first appeared in
282 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .