1 .\" Copyright (c) 2010 Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
3 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
4 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
5 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
7 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
8 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
9 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
10 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
11 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
12 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
13 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
22 .Nd Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network device
24 .Cd "options URTWN_WITHOUT_UCODE"
26 To compile this driver into the kernel,
27 place the following lines in your
28 kernel configuration file:
29 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
38 Alternatively, to load the driver as a
39 module at boot time, place the following line in
41 .Bd -literal -offset indent
47 driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on Realtek
48 RTL8188CUS, RTL8188CE-VAU, RTL8188EUS, RTL8188RU and RTL8192CU chipsets.
50 The RTL8188CUS and RTL8188EUS are highly integrated 802.11n adapters that
51 combine a MAC, a 1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.
52 They operate in the 2GHz spectrum only.
53 The RTL8188RU is a high-power variant of the RTL8188CUS.
54 The RTL8188CE-VAU is a PCI Express Mini Card adapter that attaches
57 The RTL8192CU is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO)
58 802.11n adapter that combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an
60 It operates in the 2GHz spectrum only.
62 All chips have hardware support for WEP, AES-CCM and TKIP encryption.
71 Only one virtual interface may be configured at any time.
73 This driver may use the firmware built with the
75 module for some additional features
76 (when URTWN_WITHOUT_UCODE kernel option is not set).
78 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /usr/share/doc/legal/realtek.LICENSE" -compact
79 .It Pa /usr/share/doc/legal/realtek.LICENSE
86 driver supports Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU based USB
87 IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless network adapters, including:
89 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
90 .It Alfa AWUS036NHR v2
92 .It Belkin F7D1102 Surf Wireless Micro
93 .It D-Link DWA-123 rev D1
94 .It D-Link DWA-125 rev D1
97 .It Elecom WDC-150SU2M
100 .It Realtek RTL8188CUS
101 .It TP-LINK TL-WN723N v3
102 .It TP-LINK TL-WN725N v2
105 Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):
106 .Bd -literal -offset indent
107 ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 inet 192.168.0.20 \e
111 Join a specific BSS network with network name
114 .Dl "ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net up"
116 Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:
117 .Bd -literal -offset indent
118 ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net \e
119 wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up
122 Create an IBSS network with 128-bit WEP encryption on the channel 4:
123 .Bd -literal -offset indent
124 ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode adhoc ssid my_net \e
125 wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1 \e
129 Join/create an 802.11b IBSS network with network name
131 .Bd -literal -offset indent
132 ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode adhoc
133 ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \e
137 Create an 802.11g host-based access point:
138 .Bd -literal -offset indent
139 ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode hostap
140 ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \e
145 .It "urtwn%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s"
146 For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the
148 The file might be missing or corrupted.
149 .It "urtwn%d: device timeout"
150 A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
151 The driver will reset the hardware.
152 This should not happen.
168 .%U http://www.realtek.com.tw
173 driver first appeared in
180 driver was written by
181 .An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien@openbsd.org .
185 driver currently does not support A-MPDU 802.11n transmit aggregation.
187 For non-RTL8188EUS chips
189 algorithm is absent; this may result in increased packet loss in noisy