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32 .\" @(#)fstab.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
40 .Nd static information about the file systems
46 contains descriptive information about the various file
49 is only read by programs, and not written;
50 it is the duty of the system administrator to properly create
51 and maintain this file.
52 Each file system is described on a separate line;
53 fields on each line are separated by tabs or spaces.
54 The order of records in
61 sequentially iterate through
67 describes the special device or
68 remote file system to be mounted.
72 describes the mount point for the file system.
73 For swap partitions, this field should be specified as ``none''.
77 describes the type of the file system.
78 The system can support various file system types.
79 Only the root, /usr, and /tmp file systems need be statically
80 compiled into the kernel;
81 everything else will be automatically loaded at mount
83 (Exception: the FFS cannot currently be demand-loaded.)
84 Some people still prefer to statically
85 compile other file systems as well.
89 describes the mount options associated with the file system.
90 It is formatted as a comma separated list of options.
91 It contains at least the type of mount (see
93 below) plus any additional options appropriate to the file system type.
98 page and the file system specific page, such as
100 for additional options that may be specified.
101 All options that can be given to the file system specific mount commands
105 They just need to be formatted a bit differently.
108 option can be used without the preceding
111 Other options need both the file system specific flag and its argument,
112 separated by an equal sign.
113 For example, mounting an
115 filesystem, the options
116 .Bd -literal -offset indent
117 -o sync -o noatime -m 644 -M 755 -u foo -g bar
121 .Bd -literal -offset indent
122 sync,noatime,-m=644,-M=755,-u=foo,-g=bar
125 in the option field of
128 If the options ``userquota'' and/or ``groupquota'' are specified,
129 the file system is automatically processed by the
131 command, and user and/or group disk quotas are enabled with
134 file system quotas are maintained in files named
138 which are located at the root of the associated file system.
139 These defaults may be overridden by putting an equal sign
140 and an alternative absolute pathname following the quota option.
141 Thus, if the user quota file for
144 .Pa /var/quotas/tmp.user ,
145 this location can be specified as:
146 .Bd -literal -offset indent
147 userquota=/var/quotas/tmp.user
150 If the option ``noauto'' is specified, the file system will not be automatically
151 mounted at system startup.
152 Note that, for network file systems
154 (i.e., types supported by additional software
155 not included in the base system)
156 to be automatically mounted at system startup,
158 .Va extra_netfs_types
160 variable must be used to extend the
162 startup script's list of network file system types.
164 The type of the mount is extracted from the
166 field and stored separately in the
168 field (it is not deleted from the
173 is ``rw'' or ``ro'' then the file system whose name is given in the
175 field is normally mounted read-write or read-only on the
176 specified special file.
179 is ``sw'' then the special file is made available as a piece of swap
182 command at the end of the system reboot procedure.
183 The fields other than
190 is specified as ``xx'' the entry is ignored.
191 This is useful to show disk partitions which are currently unused.
195 is used for these file systems by the
197 command to determine which file systems need to be dumped.
198 If the fifth field is not present, a value of zero is returned and
200 will assume that the file system does not need to be dumped.
201 If the fifth field is greater than 0, then it specifies the number of days
202 between dumps for this file system.
210 programs to determine the order in which file system and quota
211 checks are done at reboot time.
214 field can be any value between 0 and
217 The root file system should be specified with a
219 of 1, and other file systems should have a
224 value of 1 is always checked sequentially and be completed before
225 another file system is processed, and it will be processed before
226 all file systems with a larger
229 For any given value of
231 file systems within a drive will be checked sequentially,
232 but file systems on different drives will be checked at the
233 same time to utilize parallelism available in the hardware.
234 Once all file system checks are complete for the current
236 the same process will start over for the next
239 If the sixth field is not present or is zero,
240 a value of zero is returned and
244 will assume that the file system does not need to be checked.
248 field can be used to implement finer control when
249 the system utilities may determine that the file system resides
250 on a different physical device, when it actually does not, as with a
253 All file systems with a lower
255 value will be completed before starting on file systems with a
259 E.g. all file systems with a
261 of 2 will be completed before any file systems with a
263 of 3 or greater are started.
264 Gaps are allowed between the different
267 E.g. file systems listed in
271 values such as 0, 1, 2, 15, 100, 200, 300, and may appear in any order
275 #define FSTAB_RW "rw" /* read/write device */
276 #define FSTAB_RQ "rq" /* read/write with quotas */
277 #define FSTAB_RO "ro" /* read-only device */
278 #define FSTAB_SW "sw" /* swap device */
279 #define FSTAB_XX "xx" /* ignore totally */
282 char *fs_spec; /* block special device name */
283 char *fs_file; /* file system path prefix */
284 char *fs_vfstype; /* File system type, ufs, nfs */
285 char *fs_mntops; /* Mount options ala -o */
286 char *fs_type; /* FSTAB_* from fs_mntops */
287 int fs_freq; /* dump frequency, in days */
288 int fs_passno; /* pass number on parallel fsck */
292 The proper way to read records from
294 is to use the routines
301 .Bl -tag -width /etc/fstab -compact
322 file format appeared in