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32 .Nd system configuration information
36 contains descriptive information about the local host name, configuration
37 details for any potential network interfaces and which services should be
38 started up at system initial boot time.
39 In new installations, the
41 file is generally initialized by the system installation utility,
46 is not to run commands or perform system startup actions
48 Instead, it is included by the
49 various generic startup scripts in
51 which conditionalize their
52 internal actions according to the settings found there.
56 file is included from the file
57 .Pa /etc/defaults/rc.conf ,
58 which specifies the default settings for all the available options.
59 Options need only be specified in
61 when the system administrator wishes to override these defaults.
63 .Pa /etc/rc.conf.local
64 is used to override settings in
66 for historical reasons.
68 .Pa /etc/rc.conf.local
69 you can also place smaller configuration files for each
73 directory, which will be included by the
76 For jail configurations you could use the file
77 .Pa /etc/rc.conf.d/jail
78 to store jail specific configuration options.
84 .Dq Ar name Ns Li = Ns Ar value
88 The following list provides a name and short description for each
89 variable that can be set in the
92 .Bl -tag -width indent-two
97 enable output of debug messages from rc scripts.
98 This variable can be helpful in diagnosing mistakes when
99 editing or integrating new scripts.
100 Beware that this produces copious output to the terminal and
106 disable informational messages from the rc scripts.
107 Informational messages are displayed when
108 a condition that is not serious enough to warrant a warning or
116 when faststart is used (e.g., at boot time).
117 .It Va early_late_divider
119 The name of the script that should be used as the
120 delimiter between the
124 stages of the boot process.
125 The early stage should contain all the services needed to
126 get the disks (local or remote) mounted so that the late
127 stage can include scripts contained in the directories
130 variable (see below).
131 Thus, the two likely candidates for this value are
133 for the typical system, and
135 if the system needs remote file
136 systems mounted to get access to the
138 directories; for example when
146 is likely to be an appropriate value.
147 Extreme care should be taken when changing this value,
148 and before changing it one should ensure that there are
149 adequate provisions to recover from a failed boot
150 (such as physical contact with the machine,
151 or reliable remote console access).
152 .It Va always_force_depends
156 scripts use the force_depend function to check whether required
157 services are already running, and to start them if necessary.
158 By default during boot time this check is bypassed if the
159 required service is enabled in
160 .Pa /etc/rc.conf[.local] .
161 Setting this option will bypass that check at boot time and
162 always test whether or not the service is actually running.
163 Enabling this option is likely to increase your boot time if
164 services are enabled that utilize the force_depend check.
169 no swapfile is installed, otherwise the value is used as the full
170 pathname to a file to use for additional swap space.
171 .It Ao Ar name Ac Ns Va _chroot
174 to this directory before running the service.
175 .It Ao Ar name Ac Ns Va _user
177 Run the service under this user account.
178 .It Ao Ar name Ac Ns Va _group
180 Run the chrooted service under this system group. Unlike the _user
181 setting, this setting has no effect if the service is not chrooted.
182 .It Ao Ar name Ac Ns Va _nice
186 value to run the service under.
191 enable support for Automatic Power Management with
199 to handle APM event from userland.
200 This also enables support for APM.
207 these are the flags to pass to the
214 to handle device added, removed or unknown events from the kernel.
221 scripts at boot time.
224 Configuration file for
230 A list of kernel modules to load right after the local
232 Loading modules at this point in the boot process is
233 much faster than doing it via
234 .Pa /boot/loader.conf
235 for those modules not necessary for mounting local disk.
236 .It Va kldxref_enable
243 to automatically rebuild
248 .It Va kldxref_clobber
258 will overwrite existing
265 .It Va kldxref_module_path
270 delimited list of paths containing
282 enable the system power control facility with the
291 these are the flags to pass to the
295 Controls the creation of a
298 Always happens if set to
300 and never happens if set to
302 If set to anything else, a memory file system is created if
306 Controls the size of a created
310 Extra options passed to the
312 utility when the memory file system for
317 which inhibits the use of softupdates on
319 so that file system space is freed without delay
320 after file truncation or deletion.
323 for other options you can use in
326 Controls the creation of a
329 Always happens if set to
331 and never happens if set to
333 If set to anything else, a memory file system is created if
337 Controls the size of a created
341 Extra options passed to the
343 utility when the memory file system for
348 which inhibits the use of softupdates on
350 so that file system space is freed without delay
351 after file truncation or deletion.
354 for other options you can use in
357 Controls the automatic population of the
360 Always happens if set to
362 and never happens if set to
364 If set to anything else, a memory file system is created if
367 Note that this process requires access to certain commands in
371 is mounted on normal systems.
372 .It Va cleanvar_enable
379 List of directories to search for startup script files.
380 .It Va script_name_sep
382 The field separator to use for breaking down the list of startup script files
383 into individual filenames.
384 The default is a space.
385 It is not necessary to change this unless there are startup scripts with names
387 .It Va hostapd_enable
396 The fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of this host on the network.
397 This should almost certainly be set to something meaningful, even if
398 there is no network connection.
401 is used to set the hostname via DHCP,
402 this variable should be set to an empty string.
403 If this value remains unset when the system is done booting
404 your console login will display the default hostname of
408 The NIS domain name of this host, or
411 .It Va dhclient_program
413 Path to the DHCP client program
414 .Pa ( /sbin/dhclient ,
419 .It Va dhclient_flags
421 Additional flags to pass to the DHCP client program.
426 manpage for a description of the command line options available.
427 .It Va dhclient_flags_ Ns Aq Ar iface
428 Additional flags to pass to the DHCP client program running on
431 When specified, this variable overrides
433 .It Va background_dhclient
437 to start the DHCP client in background.
438 This can cause trouble with applications depending on
439 a working network, but it will provide a faster startup
441 .It Va background_dhclient_ Ns Aq Ar iface
442 When specified, this variable overrides the
443 .Va background_dhclient
444 variable for interface
447 .It Va synchronous_dhclient
453 synchronously at startup.
454 This behavior can be overridden on a per-interface basis by replacing
458 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
463 .It Va defaultroute_delay
465 When set to a positive value, wait up to this long after configuring
466 DHCP interfaces at startup to give the interfaces time to receive a lease.
467 .It Va firewall_enable
471 to load firewall rules at startup.
472 If the kernel was not built with
473 .Cd "options IPFIREWALL" ,
476 kernel module will be loaded.
478 .Va ipfilter_enable .
479 .It Va firewall_script
481 This variable specifies the full path to the firewall script to run.
483 .Pa /etc/rc.firewall .
486 Names the firewall type from the selection in
487 .Pa /etc/rc.firewall ,
488 or the file which contains the local firewall ruleset.
489 Valid selections from
493 .Bl -tag -width ".Li simple" -compact
495 unrestricted IP access
497 all IP services disabled, except via
500 basic protection for a workstation
502 basic protection for a LAN.
505 If a filename is specified, the full path
507 .It Va firewall_quiet
511 to disable the display of firewall rules on the console during boot.
512 .It Va firewall_logging
516 to enable firewall event logging.
517 This is equivalent to the
518 .Dv IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE
520 .It Va firewall_logif
524 to create pseudo interface
527 For more details, see
530 .It Va firewall_flags
536 specifies a filename.
537 .It Va firewall_coscripts
539 List of executables and/or rc scripts to run after firewall starts/stops.
541 .\" ----- firewall_nat_enable setting --------------------------------
542 .It Va firewall_nat_enable
554 .It Va firewall_nat_interface
560 This is the name of the public interface or IP address on which
561 kernel NAT should run.
562 .It Va firewall_nat_flags
564 Additional configuration parameters for kernel NAT should be placed here.
565 .It Va dummynet_enable
569 will automatically load the
575 .\" -------------------------------------------------------------------
591 sockets must be enabled in the kernel.
592 If the kernel was not built with
593 .Cd "options IPDIVERT" ,
596 kernel module will be loaded.
597 .It Va natd_interface
599 This is the name of the public interface on which
602 The interface may be given as an interface name or as an IP address.
607 flags should be placed here.
612 flag is automatically added with the above
615 .\" ----- ipfilter_enable setting --------------------------------
616 .It Va ipfilter_enable
627 Typical usage will require putting
629 ipfilter_enable="YES"
647 can be enabled independently.
651 both require at least one of
661 options IPFILTER_DEFAULT_BLOCK
664 in the kernel configuration file is a good idea, too.
665 .\" ----- ipfilter_program setting ------------------------------
666 .It Va ipfilter_program
672 .\" ----- ipfilter_rules setting --------------------------------
673 .It Va ipfilter_rules
678 This variable contains the name of the filter rule definition file.
679 The file is expected to be readable for the
682 .\" ----- ipv6_ipfilter_rules setting ---------------------------
683 .It Va ipv6_ipfilter_rules
688 This variable contains the IPv6 filter rule definition file.
689 The file is expected to be readable for the
692 .\" ----- ipfilter_flags setting --------------------------------
693 .It Va ipfilter_flags
696 This variable contains flags passed to the
699 .\" ----- ipnat_enable setting ----------------------------------
709 network address translation.
712 for a detailed discussion.
713 .\" ----- ipnat_program setting ---------------------------------
720 .\" ----- ipnat_rules setting -----------------------------------
726 This variable contains the name of the file
727 holding the network address translation definition.
728 This file is expected to be readable for the
731 .\" ----- ipnat_flags setting -----------------------------------
735 This variable contains flags passed to the
738 .\" ----- ipmon_enable setting ----------------------------------
753 Setting this variable needs setting
760 for a detailed discussion.
761 .\" ----- ipmon_program setting ---------------------------------
768 .\" ----- ipmon_flags setting -----------------------------------
774 This variable contains flags passed to the
777 Another typical example would be
778 .Dq Fl D Pa /var/log/ipflog
781 log directly to a file bypassing
784 .Pa /etc/newsyslog.conf
785 in such case like this:
787 /var/log/ipflog 640 10 100 * Z /var/run/ipmon.pid
789 .\" ----- ipfs_enable setting -----------------------------------
799 saving the filter and NAT state tables during shutdown
800 and reloading them during startup again.
801 Setting this variable needs setting
810 for a detailed discussion.
816 because the raised securelevel will prevent
818 from saving the state tables at shutdown time.
819 .\" ----- ipfs_program setting ----------------------------------
826 .\" ----- ipfs_flags setting ------------------------------------
830 This variable contains flags passed to the
833 .\" ----- end of added ipf hook ---------------------------------
845 Typical usage will require putting
860 into the kernel, otherwise the
861 kernel module will be loaded.
866 ruleset configuration file
881 these flags are passed to the
883 program when loading the ruleset.
893 which logs packets from the
906 .Pa /var/log/pflog ) .
908 .Pa /etc/newsyslog.conf
909 to adjust logfile rotation for this.
919 This variable contains additional flags passed to the
922 .It Va ftpproxy_enable
933 packet filter in translating ftp connections.
934 .It Va ftpproxy_flags
937 This variable contains additional flags passed to the
949 state changes to other hosts over the network by means of
954 must also be set then.
955 .It Va pfsync_syncdev
958 This variable specifies the name of the network interface
960 should operate through.
961 It must be set accordingly if
965 .It Va pfsync_syncpeer
968 This variable is optional.
969 By default, state change messages are sent out on the synchronisation
970 interface using IP multicast packets.
971 The protocol is IP protocol 240, PFSYNC, and the multicast group used is
973 When a peer address is specified using the
975 option, the peer address is used as a destination for the pfsync
976 traffic, and the traffic can then be protected using
980 manpage for more details about using
985 .It Va pfsync_ifconfig
988 This variable can contain additional options to be passed to the
990 command used to set up
992 .It Va tcp_extensions
999 disables certain TCP options as described by
1005 might help remedy such problems with connections as randomly hanging
1006 or other weird behavior.
1007 Some network devices are known
1008 to be broken with respect to these options.
1011 Set to 0 by default.
1015 .Va net.inet.tcp.log_in_vain
1017 .Va net.inet.udp.log_in_vain ,
1022 are set to the given value.
1023 .It Va tcp_keepalive
1030 will disable probing idle TCP connections to verify that the
1031 peer is still up and reachable.
1032 .It Va tcp_drop_synfin
1039 will cause the kernel to ignore TCP frames that have both
1040 the SYN and FIN flags set.
1041 This prevents OS fingerprinting, but may
1042 break some legitimate applications.
1043 .It Va icmp_drop_redirect
1050 will cause the kernel to ignore ICMP REDIRECT packets.
1053 for more information.
1054 .It Va icmp_log_redirect
1061 will cause the kernel to log ICMP REDIRECT packets.
1063 the log messages are not rate-limited, so this option should only be used
1064 for troubleshooting networks.
1067 for more information.
1068 .It Va icmp_bmcastecho
1072 to respond to broadcast or multicast ICMP ping packets.
1075 for more information.
1076 .It Va ip_portrange_first
1080 this is the first port in the default portrange.
1083 for more information.
1084 .It Va ip_portrange_last
1088 this is the last port in the default portrange.
1091 for more information.
1092 .It Va network_interfaces
1094 Set to the list of network interfaces to configure on this host or
1096 (the default) for all current interfaces.
1098 .Va network_interfaces
1099 variable to anything other than the default is deprecated.
1100 Interfaces that the administrator wishes to store configuration for,
1101 but not start at boot should be configured with the
1104 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1105 variables as described below.
1108 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1109 variable is also assumed to exist for each value of
1111 When an interface name contains any of the characters
1113 they are translated to
1116 The variable can contain arguments to
1118 as well as special case-insensitive keywords described below.
1119 Such keywords are removed before passing the value to
1121 while the order of the other arguments is preserved.
1123 One can configure more than one IPv4 address with the
1124 .Va ipv4_addrs_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1126 One or more IP addresses must be provided in Classless Inter-Domain
1127 Routing (CIDR) address notation, whose last byte can be a range like
1129 In this case the address 192.0.2.5 will be configured with the
1130 netmask /24 and the addresses 192.0.2.6 to 192.0.2.23 with
1131 the non-conflicting netmask /32 as explained in the
1134 With the interface in question being
1136 an example could look like:
1138 ipv4_addrs_ed0="192.0.2.129/27 192.0.2.1-5/28"
1141 It is also possible to add IP alias entries using
1146 Assuming that the interface in question was
1149 something like this:
1151 ifconfig_ed0_alias0="inet 127.0.0.253 netmask 0xffffffff"
1152 ifconfig_ed0_alias1="inet 127.0.0.254 netmask 0xffffffff"
1157 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns Va _alias Ns Aq Ar n
1160 keyword that is found,
1161 its contents are passed to
1163 Execution stops at the first unsuccessful access, so if
1164 something like this is present:
1166 ifconfig_ed0_alias0="inet 127.0.0.251 netmask 0xffffffff"
1167 ifconfig_ed0_alias1="inet 127.0.0.252 netmask 0xffffffff"
1168 ifconfig_ed0_alias2="inet 127.0.0.253 netmask 0xffffffff"
1169 ifconfig_ed0_alias4="inet 127.0.0.254 netmask 0xffffffff"
1172 Then note that alias4 would
1174 be added since the search would
1175 stop with the missing
1178 Due to this difficult to manage behavior, the
1179 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns Va _alias Ns Aq Ar n
1183 .Pa /etc/start_if. Ns Aq Ar interface
1184 file is present, it is read and executed by the
1187 before configuring the interface as specified in the
1188 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1190 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns Va _alias Ns Aq Ar n
1194 .Va vlans_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1198 interface will be created for each item in the list with the
1202 If a vlan interface's name is a number,
1203 then that number is used as the vlan tag and the new vlan interface is
1205 .Ar interface . Ns Ar tag .
1207 the vlan tag must be specified via a
1210 .Va create_args_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1213 To create a vlan device named
1217 with the vlan tag 101 and the optional the IPv4 address 192.0.2.1/24:
1220 ifconfig_em0_101="inet 192.0.2.1/24"
1223 To create a vlan device named
1227 with the vlan tag 102:
1230 create_args_myvlan="vlan 102"
1234 .Va wlans_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1238 interface will be created for each item in the list with the
1242 Further wlan cloning arguments may be passed to the
1245 command by setting the
1246 .Va create_args_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1250 devices must be created for each wireless devices as of
1256 may be specified with an
1257 .Va wlandebug_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1259 The contents of this variable will be passed directly to
1263 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1264 contains the keyword
1266 then the interface will not be configured
1268 .Pa /etc/pccard_ether
1270 .Va network_interfaces
1274 It is possible to bring up an interface with DHCP by adding
1277 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1279 For instance, to initialize the
1282 it is possible to use something like:
1287 Also, if you want to configure your wireless interface with
1288 .Xr wpa_supplicant 8
1289 for use with WPA, EAP/LEAP or WEP, you need to add
1292 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1295 Finally, you can add
1297 options in this variable, in addition to the
1298 .Pa /etc/start_if. Ns Aq Ar interface
1300 For instance, to configure an
1302 wireless device in station mode with an address obtained
1303 via DHCP, using WPA authentication and 802.11b mode, it is
1304 possible to use something like:
1307 ifconfig_wlan0="DHCP WPA mode 11b"
1311 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1312 form, a fallback variable
1313 .Va ifconfig_DEFAULT
1315 It will be used for all interfaces with no
1316 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1318 This is intended to replace the no longer supported
1322 It is also possible to rename an interface by doing:
1324 ifconfig_ed0_name="net0"
1325 ifconfig_net0="inet 192.0.2.1 netmask 0xffffff00"
1329 This variable is deprecated.
1331 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1333 .Va ipv6_activate_all_interfaces
1338 .Dq Li inet6 accept_rtadv
1340 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1342 .Va ipv6_activate_all_interfaces
1347 This variable is deprecated.
1349 .Va ip6addrctl_policy
1354 the default address selection policy table set by
1356 will be IPv6-preferred.
1360 the default address selection policy table set by
1362 will be IPv4-preferred.
1363 .It Va ipv6_activate_all_interfaces
1365 This controls initial configuration on IPv6-capable
1366 interfaces with no corresponding
1367 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1369 Note that it is not always necessary to set this variable to
1371 to use IPv6 functionality on
1373 In most cases, just configuring
1374 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1379 all interfaces which do not have a corresponding
1380 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1381 variable will be marked as
1384 This means that all of IPv6 functionality on that interface
1385 is completely disabled to enforce a security policy.
1386 If the variable is set to
1388 the flag will be cleared on all of the interfaces.
1390 In most cases, just defining an
1391 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1392 for an IPv6-capable interface should be sufficient.
1393 However, if an interface is added dynamically
1394 .Pq by some tunneling protocols such as PPP, for example ,
1395 it is often difficult to define the variable in advance.
1396 In such a case, configuring the
1398 flag can be disabled by setting this variable to
1401 For more details of the
1404 .Dq Li inet6 ifdisabled ,
1414 privacy addresses will be generated for each IPv6
1415 interface as described in RFC 4941.
1416 .It Va ipv6_network_interfaces
1418 This is the IPv6 equivalent of
1419 .Va network_interfaces .
1420 Normally manual configuration of this variable is not needed.
1422 .It Va ipv6_cpe_wanif
1424 If the variable is set to an interface name,
1428 .Dq inet6 -no_radr accept_rtadv
1429 will be added to the specified interface automatically before evaluating
1430 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6 ,
1434 .Va net.inet6.ip6.rfc6204w3
1436 .Va net.inet6.ip6.no_radr
1439 This means the specified interface will accept ICMPv6 Router
1440 Advertisement messages on that link and add the discovered
1441 routers into the Default Router List.
1442 While the other interfaces can still accept RA messages if the
1443 .Dq inet6 accept_rtadv
1444 option is specified, adding
1445 routes into the Default Router List will be disabled by
1452 Note that ICMPv6 Router Advertisement messages will be
1454 .Va net.inet6.ip6.forwarding
1456 .Pq packet forwarding is enabled
1458 .Va net.inet6.ip6.rfc6204w3
1463 .It Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1465 IPv6 functionality on an interface should be configured by
1466 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6 ,
1467 instead of setting ifconfig parameters in
1468 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface .
1469 If this variable is empty, all of IPv6 configurations on the
1470 specified interface by other variables such as
1471 .Va ipv6_prefix_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac
1474 Aliases should be set by
1475 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns Va _alias Ns Aq Ar n
1481 ifconfig_ed0_ipv6="inet6 2001:db8:1::1 prefixlen 64"
1482 ifconfig_ed0_alias0="inet6 2001:db8:2::1 prefixlen 64"
1485 Interfaces that have an
1486 .Dq Li inet6 accept_rtadv
1488 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1489 setting will be automatically configured by SLAAC
1490 .Pq StateLess Address AutoConfiguration
1496 Note that a link-local address will be automatically configured in
1497 addition to the configured global-scope addresses because the IPv6
1498 specifications require it on each link.
1499 The address is calculated from the MAC address by using an algorithm
1506 If only a link-local address is needed on the interface,
1507 the following configuration can be used:
1509 ifconfig_ed0_ipv6="inet6 auto_linklocal"
1512 A link-local address can also be configured manually.
1513 This is useful for the default router address of an IPv6 router
1514 so that it does not change when the network interface
1518 ifconfig_ed0_ipv6="inet6 fe80::1 prefixlen 64"
1520 .It Va ipv6_prefix_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1522 If one or more prefixes are defined in
1523 .Va ipv6_prefix_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1524 addresses based on each prefix and the EUI-64 interface index will be
1525 configured on that interface.
1526 Note that this variable will be ignored when
1527 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Ao Ar interface Ac Ns _ipv6
1530 For example, the following configuration
1532 ipv6_prefix_ed0="2001:db8:1:0 2001:db8:2:0"
1535 is equivalent to the following:
1537 ifconfig_ed0_alias0="inet6 2001:db8:1:: eui64 prefixlen 64"
1538 ifconfig_ed0_alias1="inet6 2001:db8:1:: prefixlen 64 anycast"
1539 ifconfig_ed0_alias2="inet6 2001:db8:2:: eui64 prefixlen 64"
1540 ifconfig_ed0_alias3="inet6 2001:db8:2:: prefixlen 64 anycast"
1543 These Subnet-Router anycast addresses will be added only when
1544 .Va ipv6_gateway_enable
1546 .It Va ipv6_default_interface
1550 this is the default output interface for scoped addresses.
1551 This works only with ipv6_gateway_enable="NO".
1552 .It Va ip6addrctl_enable
1554 This variable is to enable configuring default address selection policy table
1556 The table can be specified in another variable
1557 .Va ip6addrctl_policy .
1559 .Va ip6addrctl_policy
1560 the following keywords can be specified:
1561 .Dq Li ipv4_prefer ,
1562 .Dq Li ipv6_prefer ,
1572 installs a pre-defined policy table described in Section 2.1
1580 is specified, it attempts to read a file
1581 .Pa /etc/ip6addrctl.conf
1583 If this file is found,
1585 reads and installs it.
1586 If not found, a policy is automatically set
1588 .Va ipv6_activate_all_interfaces
1589 variable; if the variable is set to
1591 the IPv6-preferred one is used.
1592 Otherwise IPv4-preferred.
1594 The default value of
1595 .Va ip6addrctl_enable
1597 .Va ip6addrctl_policy
1603 .It Va cloned_interfaces
1605 Set to the list of clonable network interfaces to create on this host.
1606 Further cloning arguments may be passed to the
1609 command for each interface by setting the
1610 .Va create_args_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1613 .Va cloned_interfaces
1614 are automatically appended to
1615 .Va network_interfaces
1617 .It Va fec_interfaces
1621 Fast EtherChannel interfaces to configure on this host.
1623 .Va fecconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1624 variable is assumed to exist for each value of
1626 The value of this variable is used to configure link aggregated interfaces
1627 according to the syntax of the
1628 .Cm NGM_FEC_ADD_IFACE
1632 Additionally, this option ensures that each listed interface is created
1637 before attempting to configure it.
1640 fec_interfaces="fec0"
1641 fecconfig_fec0="em0 em1"
1642 ifconfig_fec0="DHCP"
1644 .It Va gif_interfaces
1648 tunnel interfaces to configure on this host.
1650 .Va gifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1651 variable is assumed to exist for each value of
1653 The value of this variable is used to configure the link layer of the
1654 tunnel according to the syntax of the
1658 Additionally, this option ensures that each listed interface is created
1663 before attempting to configure it.
1664 .It Va sppp_interfaces
1668 interfaces to configure on this host.
1670 .Va spppconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1671 variable is assumed to exist for each value of
1673 Each interface should also be configured by a general
1674 .Va ifconfig_ Ns Aq Ar interface
1678 for more information about available options.
1688 The name of the profile to use from
1689 .Pa /etc/ppp/ppp.conf .
1690 Also used for per-profile overrides of
1695 .Va ppp_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _unit .
1696 When the profile name contains any of the characters
1698 they are translated to
1700 for the proposes of the override variable names.
1703 Mode in which to run the
1706 .It Va ppp_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _mode
1708 Overrides the global
1718 See the manual for a full description.
1723 enables network address translation.
1724 Used in conjunction with
1726 allows hosts on private network addresses access to the Internet using
1727 this host as a network address translating router.
1728 .It Va ppp_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _nat
1730 Overrides the global
1734 .It Va ppp_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _unit
1736 Set the unit number to be used for this profile.
1737 See the manual description of
1742 The name of the user under which
1750 .It Va rc_conf_files
1752 This option is used to specify a list of files that will override
1754 .Pa /etc/defaults/rc.conf .
1755 The files will be read in the order in which they are specified and should
1756 include the full path to the file.
1757 By default, the files specified are
1760 .Pa /etc/rc.conf.local
1766 will attempt to automatically mount ZFS file systems and initialize ZFS volumes
1768 .It Va gptboot_enable
1772 .Pa /etc/rc.d/gptboot
1773 will log if the system successfully (or not) booted from a GPT partition,
1779 .It Va gbde_autoattach_all
1784 will attempt to automatically initialize your .bde devices in
1788 List the devices that the script should try to attach,
1793 The directory where the
1795 lockfiles are located.
1796 The default lockfile directory is
1799 The lockfile for each individual
1801 device can be overridden by setting the variable
1802 .Va gbde_lock_ Ns Aq Ar device ,
1805 is the encrypted device without the
1810 .It Va gbde_attach_attempts
1812 Number of times to attempt attaching to a
1814 device, i.e., how many times the user is asked for the pass-phrase.
1818 List of devices to automatically attach on boot.
1819 Note that .eli devices from
1821 are automatically appended to this list.
1824 Number of times user is asked for the pass-phrase.
1825 If empty, it will be taken from
1826 .Va kern.geom.eli.tries
1828 .It Va geli_default_flags
1830 Default flags to use by
1832 when configuring disk encryption.
1833 Flags can be configured for every device separately by defining
1834 .Va geli_ Ns Ao Ar device Ac Ns Va _flags
1836 .It Va geli_autodetach
1838 Specifies if GELI devices should be marked for detach on last close after
1839 file systems are mounted.
1842 This can be changed for every device separately by defining
1843 .Va geli_ Ns Ao Ar device Ac Ns Va _autodetach
1845 .It Va geli_swap_flags
1846 Options passed to the
1848 utility when encrypted GEOM providers for swap partitions are created.
1850 .Dq Li "-e aes -l 256 -s 4096 -d" .
1851 .It Va root_rw_mount
1856 After the file systems are checked at boot time, the root file system
1857 is remounted as read-write if this is set to
1859 Diskless systems that mount their root file system from a read-only remote
1860 NFS share should set this to
1864 .It Va fsck_y_enable
1869 will be run with the
1871 flag if the initial preen
1872 of the file systems fails.
1873 .It Va background_fsck
1877 the system will attempt to run
1879 in the background where possible.
1880 .It Va background_fsck_delay
1882 The amount of time in seconds to sleep before starting a background
1884 It defaults to sixty seconds to allow large applications such as
1885 the X server to start before disk I/O bandwidth is monopolized by
1887 If set to a negative number, the background file system check will be
1888 delayed indefinitely to allow the administrator to run it at a more
1890 For example it may be run from
1892 by adding a line like
1894 .Dl "0 4 * * * root /etc/rc.d/bgfsck forcestart"
1900 List of file system types that are network-based.
1901 This list should generally not be modified by end users.
1903 .Va extra_netfs_types
1905 .It Va extra_netfs_types
1907 If set to something other than
1910 this variable extends the list of file system types
1911 for which automatic mounting at startup by
1913 should be delayed until the network is initialized.
1915 a whitespace-separated list of network file system descriptor pairs,
1916 each consisting of a file system type as passed to
1918 and a human-readable, one-word description,
1921 Extending the default list in this way is only necessary
1922 when third party file system types are used.
1923 .It Va syslogd_enable
1930 .It Va syslogd_program
1935 .Pa /usr/sbin/syslogd ) .
1936 .It Va syslogd_flags
1942 these are the flags to pass to
1951 .It Va inetd_program
1956 .Pa /usr/sbin/inetd ) .
1963 these are the flags to pass to
1972 .It Va hastd_program
1984 these are the flags to pass to
1993 .It Va named_program
1998 .Pa /usr/sbin/named ) .
2003 configuration file, (default
2004 .Pa /etc/namedb/named.conf ) .
2011 these are the flags to pass to
2017 process should be run as.
2018 .It Va named_chrootdir
2020 The root directory for a name server run in a
2022 environment (default
2026 will not be run in a
2029 .It Va named_chroot_autoupdate
2033 to disable automatic update of the
2036 .It Va named_symlink_enable
2040 to disable symlinking of
2049 loop until working name service is established.
2050 .It Va named_wait_host
2052 Name of host to lookup for the named_wait option.
2054 .It Va named_auto_forward
2056 Set to enable automatic creation of a forwarder
2057 configuration file derived from
2058 .Pa /etc/resolv.conf .
2059 .It Va named_auto_forward_only
2061 Set to change the default forwarder configuration from
2065 .It Va kerberos5_server_enable
2069 to start a Kerberos 5 authentication server
2071 .It Va kerberos5_server
2074 .Va kerberos5_server_enable
2077 this is the path to Kerberos 5 Authentication Server.
2078 .It Va kerberos5_server_flags
2081 This variable contains additional flags to be passed to the Kerberos 5
2082 authentication server.
2083 .It Va kadmind5_server_enable
2089 the Kerberos 5 Administration Daemon; set to
2092 .It Va kadmind5_server
2095 .Va kadmind5_server_enable
2098 this is the path to Kerberos 5 Administration Daemon.
2099 .It Va kpasswdd_server_enable
2105 the Kerberos 5 Password-Changing Daemon; set to
2108 .It Va kpasswdd_server
2111 .Va kpasswdd_server_enable
2114 this is the path to Kerberos 5 Password-Changing Daemon.
2121 the Kerberos 5 ticket forwarding daemon, at the boot time.
2127 .Pa /usr/libexec/kfd ) .
2134 daemon at boot time.
2141 these are the flags to pass to it.
2148 daemon at boot time.
2155 these are the flags to pass to it.
2158 manpage for more information.
2159 .It Va amd_map_program
2162 the specified program is run to get the list of
2167 maps are stored in NIS, one can set this to
2180 will be updated at boot time to reflect the kernel release
2185 will not be updated.
2186 .It Va nfs_client_enable
2190 run the NFS client daemons at boot time.
2191 .It Va nfs_access_cache
2194 .Va nfs_client_enable
2199 to disable NFS ACCESS RPC caching, or to the number of seconds for which
2201 results should be cached.
2202 A value of 2-10 seconds will substantially reduce network
2203 traffic for many NFS operations.
2204 .It Va nfs_server_enable
2208 run the NFS server daemons at boot time.
2209 .It Va nfs_server_flags
2212 .Va nfs_server_enable
2215 these are the flags to pass to the
2218 .It Va nfsv4_server_enable
2221 .Va nfs_server_enable
2225 .Va nfsv4_server_enable
2228 enable the server for NFSv4 as well as NFSv2 and NFSv3.
2229 .It Va nfsuserd_enable
2235 run the nfsuserd daemon, which is needed for NFSv4 in order
2236 to map between user/group names vs uid/gid numbers.
2238 .Va nfsv4_server_enable
2241 this will be forced enabled.
2242 .It Va nfsuserd_flags
2248 these are the flags to pass to the
2251 .It Va nfscbd_enable
2257 run the nfscbd daemon, which enables callbacks/delegations for the NFSv4 client.
2264 these are the flags to pass to the
2267 .It Va oldnfs_server_enable
2270 .Va oldnfs_server_enable
2273 force the NFS server daemons to run the old NFS server code
2274 that does not support NFSv4.
2275 .It Va mountd_enable
2280 .Va nfs_server_enable
2286 It is commonly needed to run CFS without real NFS used.
2293 these are the flags to pass to the
2296 .It Va weak_mountd_authentication
2300 allow services like PCNFSD to make non-privileged mount
2302 .It Va nfs_reserved_port_only
2306 provide NFS services only on a secure port.
2307 .It Va nfs_bufpackets
2309 If set to a number, indicates the number of packets worth of
2310 socket buffer space to reserve on an NFS client.
2311 The kernel default is typically 4.
2312 Using a higher number may be
2313 useful on gigabit networks to improve performance.
2314 The minimum value is
2315 2 and the maximum is 64.
2316 .It Va rpc_lockd_enable
2320 and also an NFS server or client, run
2323 .It Va rpc_lockd_flags
2326 .Va rpc_lockd_enable
2329 these are the flags to pass to the
2332 .It Va rpc_statd_enable
2336 and also an NFS server or client, run
2339 .It Va rpc_statd_flags
2342 .Va rpc_statd_enable
2345 these are the flags to pass to the
2348 .It Va rpcbind_program
2353 .Pa /usr/sbin/rpcbind ) .
2354 .It Va rpcbind_enable
2360 service at boot time.
2361 .It Va rpcbind_flags
2367 these are the flags to pass to the
2370 .It Va keyserv_enable
2376 daemon on boot for running Secure RPC.
2377 .It Va keyserv_flags
2383 these are the flags to pass to
2386 .It Va pppoed_enable
2392 daemon at boot time to provide PPP over Ethernet services.
2393 .It Va pppoed_ Ns Aq Ar provider
2396 listens to requests to this
2402 argument of the same name.
2405 Additional flags to pass to
2407 .It Va pppoed_interface
2409 The network interface to run
2412 This is mandatory when
2422 service at boot time.
2423 This command is intended for networks of
2424 machines where a consistent
2426 for all hosts must be established.
2427 This is often useful in large NFS
2428 environments where time stamps on files are expected to be consistent
2436 these are the flags to pass to the
2439 .It Va ntpdate_enable
2446 This command is intended to
2447 synchronize the system clock only
2449 from some standard reference.
2450 An option to set this up initially
2451 (from a list of known servers) is also provided by the
2453 program when the system is first installed.
2454 .It Va ntpdate_config
2456 Configuration file for
2460 .It Va ntpdate_hosts
2462 A whitespace-separated list of NTP servers to synchronize with at startup.
2463 The default is to use the servers listed in
2464 .Va ntpdate_config ,
2465 if that file exists.
2466 .It Va ntpdate_program
2471 .Pa /usr/sbin/ntpdate ) .
2472 .It Va ntpdate_flags
2478 these are the flags to pass to the
2480 command (typically a hostname).
2487 command at boot time.
2493 .Pa /usr/sbin/ntpd ) .
2507 these are the flags to pass to the
2510 .It Va ntpd_sync_on_start
2517 flag, which syncs the system's clock on startup.
2520 for more information regarding the
2523 This is a preferred alternative to using
2528 .It Va nis_client_enable
2534 service at system boot time.
2535 .It Va nis_client_flags
2538 .Va nis_client_enable
2541 these are the flags to pass to the
2544 .It Va nis_ypset_enable
2550 daemon at system boot time.
2551 .It Va nis_ypset_flags
2554 .Va nis_ypset_enable
2557 these are the flags to pass to the
2560 .It Va nis_server_enable
2566 daemon at system boot time.
2567 .It Va nis_server_flags
2570 .Va nis_server_enable
2573 these are the flags to pass to the
2576 .It Va nis_ypxfrd_enable
2582 daemon at system boot time.
2583 .It Va nis_ypxfrd_flags
2586 .Va nis_ypxfrd_enable
2589 these are the flags to pass to the
2592 .It Va nis_yppasswdd_enable
2598 daemon at system boot time.
2599 .It Va nis_yppasswdd_flags
2602 .Va nis_yppasswdd_enable
2605 these are the flags to pass to the
2608 .It Va rpc_ypupdated_enable
2614 daemon at system boot time.
2615 .It Va bsnmpd_enable
2621 daemon at system boot time.
2622 Be sure to understand the security implications of running SNMP daemon
2630 these are the flags to pass to the
2633 .It Va defaultrouter
2637 create a default route to this host name or IP address
2638 (use an IP address if this router is also required to get to the
2640 .It Va ipv6_defaultrouter
2642 The IPv6 equivalent of
2644 .It Va static_arp_pairs
2646 Set to the list of static ARP pairs that are to be added at system
2648 For each whitespace separated
2651 .Va static_arp_ Ns Aq Ar element
2652 variable is assumed to exist whose contents will later be passed to a
2657 static_arp_pairs="gw"
2658 static_arp_gw="192.168.1.1 00:01:02:03:04:05"
2660 .It Va static_ndp_pairs
2662 Set to the list of static NDP pairs that are to be added at system
2664 For each whitespace separated
2667 .Va static_ndp_ Ns Aq Ar element
2668 variable is assumed to exist whose contents will later be passed to a
2673 static_ndp_pairs="gw"
2674 static_ndp_gw="2001:db8:3::1 00:01:02:03:04:05"
2676 .It Va static_routes
2678 Set to the list of static routes that are to be added at system
2682 then for each whitespace separated
2685 .Va route_ Ns Aq Ar element
2686 variable is assumed to exist
2687 whose contents will later be passed to a
2692 static_routes="mcast gif0local"
2693 route_mcast="-net 224.0.0.0/4 -iface gif0"
2694 route_gif0local="-host 169.254.1.1 -iface lo0"
2696 .It Va ipv6_static_routes
2698 The IPv6 equivalent of
2702 then for each whitespace separated
2705 .Va ipv6_route_ Ns Aq Ar element
2706 variable is assumed to exist
2707 whose contents will later be passed to a
2708 .Dq Nm route Cm add Fl inet6
2710 .It Va natm_static_routes
2716 If not empty then for each whitespace separated
2719 .Va route_ Ns Aq Ar element
2720 variable is assumed to exist whose contents will later be passed to a
2721 .Dq Nm atmconfig Cm natm Cm add
2723 .It Va gateway_enable
2727 configure host to act as an IP router, e.g.\& to forward packets
2729 .It Va ipv6_gateway_enable
2731 The IPv6 equivalent of
2732 .Va gateway_enable .
2733 .It Va routed_enable
2737 run a routing daemon of some sort, based on the
2742 .It Va route6d_enable
2744 The IPv6 equivalent of
2748 run a routing daemon of some sort, based on the
2753 .It Va routed_program
2759 this is the name of the routing daemon to use.
2760 .It Va route6d_program
2762 The IPv6 equivalent of
2763 .Va routed_program .
2770 these are the flags to pass to the routing daemon.
2771 .It Va route6d_flags
2773 The IPv6 equivalent of
2775 .It Va mrouted_enable
2779 run the multicast routing daemon,
2781 .It Va mroute6d_enable
2783 The IPv6 equivalent of
2784 .Va mrouted_enable .
2787 run the IPv6 multicast routing daemon.
2789 Note that multicast routing daemons are no longer included in the
2791 base system, however, both
2795 may be installed from the
2798 .It Va mrouted_flags
2804 these are the flags to pass to the
2807 .It Va mroute6d_flags
2809 The IPv6 equivalent of
2815 these are the flags passed to the IPv6 multicast routing daemon.
2816 .It Va mroute6d_program
2822 this is the path to the IPv6 multicast routing daemon.
2823 .It Va rtadvd_enable
2829 daemon at boot time.
2832 utility sends ICMPv6 Router Advertisement messages to
2833 the interfaces specified in
2834 .Va rtadvd_interfaces .
2835 This should only be enabled with great care.
2836 You may want to fine-tune
2838 .It Va rtadvd_interfaces
2844 this is the list of interfaces to use.
2845 .It Va ipxgateway_enable
2849 enable the routing of IPX traffic.
2850 .It Va ipxrouted_enable
2856 daemon at system boot time.
2857 .It Va ipxrouted_flags
2860 .Va ipxrouted_enable
2863 these are the flags to pass to the
2870 enable global proxy ARP.
2871 .It Va forward_sourceroute
2879 source-routed packets are forwarded.
2880 .It Va accept_sourceroute
2884 the system will accept source-routed packets directed at it.
2891 daemon at system boot time.
2898 these are the flags to pass to the
2901 .It Va bootparamd_enable
2907 daemon at system boot time.
2908 .It Va bootparamd_flags
2911 .Va bootparamd_enable
2914 these are the flags to pass to the
2917 .It Va stf_interface_ipv4addr
2921 this is the local IPv4 address for 6to4 (IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling
2923 Specify this entry to enable the 6to4 interface.
2924 .It Va stf_interface_ipv4plen
2926 Prefix length for 6to4 IPv4 addresses, to limit peer address range.
2927 An effective value is 0-31.
2928 .It Va stf_interface_ipv6_ifid
2930 IPv6 interface ID for
2934 .It Va stf_interface_ipv6_slaid
2936 IPv6 Site Level Aggregator for
2938 .It Va ipv6_faith_prefix
2942 this is the faith prefix to enable a FAITH IPv6-to-IPv4 TCP
2947 .It Va ipv6_ipv4mapping
2951 this enables IPv4 mapped IPv6 address communication (like
2952 .Li ::ffff:a.b.c.d ) .
2953 .It Va rtsold_enable
2959 daemon to send ICMPv6 Router Solicitation messages.
2966 these are the flags to pass to
2970 For interfaces configured with the
2971 .Dq Li inet6 accept_rtadv
2972 keyword, these are the flags to pass to
2977 is mutually exclusive to
2985 to enable the configuration of ATM interfaces at system boot time.
2986 For all of the ATM variables described below, please refer to the
2988 manual page for further details on the available command parameters.
2989 Also refer to the files in
2990 .Pa /usr/share/examples/atm
2991 for more detailed configuration information.
2994 This is a list of physical ATM interface drivers to load.
2999 .It Va atm_netif_ Ns Aq Ar intf
3001 For the ATM physical interface
3003 this variable defines the name prefix and count for the ATM network
3004 interfaces to be created.
3005 The value will be passed as the parameters of an
3006 .Dq Nm atm Cm "set netif" Ar intf
3008 .It Va atm_sigmgr_ Ns Aq Ar intf
3010 For the ATM physical interface
3012 this variable defines the ATM signalling manager to be used.
3013 The value will be passed as the parameters of an
3014 .Dq Nm atm Cm attach Ar intf
3016 .It Va atm_prefix_ Ns Aq Ar intf
3018 For the ATM physical interface
3020 this variable defines the NSAP prefix for interfaces using a UNI signalling
3024 the prefix will automatically be set via the
3027 Otherwise, the value will be passed as the parameters of an
3028 .Dq Nm atm Cm "set prefix" Ar intf
3030 .It Va atm_macaddr_ Ns Aq Ar intf
3032 For the ATM physical interface
3034 this variable defines the MAC address for interfaces using a UNI signalling
3038 the hardware MAC address contained in the ATM interface card will be used.
3039 Otherwise, the value will be passed as the parameters of an
3040 .Dq Nm atm Cm "set mac" Ar intf
3042 .It Va atm_arpserver_ Ns Aq Ar netif
3044 For the ATM network interface
3046 this variable defines the ATM address for a host which is to provide ATMARP
3048 This variable is only applicable to interfaces using a UNI signalling
3052 this host will become an ATMARP server.
3053 The value will be passed as the parameters of an
3054 .Dq Nm atm Cm "set arpserver" Ar netif
3056 .It Va atm_scsparp_ Ns Aq Ar netif
3060 SCSP/ATMARP service for the network interface
3062 will be initiated using the
3067 This variable is only applicable if
3068 .Va atm_arpserver_ Ns Aq Ar netif
3073 Set to the list of ATM PVCs to be added at system
3075 For each whitespace separated
3078 .Va atm_pvc_ Ns Aq Ar element
3079 variable is assumed to exist.
3080 The value of each of these variables
3081 will be passed as the parameters of an
3082 .Dq Nm atm Cm "add pvc"
3086 Set to the list of permanent ATM ARP entries to be added
3087 at system boot time.
3088 For each whitespace separated
3091 .Va atm_arp_ Ns Aq Ar element
3092 variable is assumed to exist.
3093 The value of each of these variables
3094 will be passed as the parameters of an
3095 .Dq Nm atm Cm "add arp"
3097 .It Va natm_interfaces
3101 interfaces that will also be used for HARP through
3103 If this list is not empty all interfaces in the list will be brought up
3109 For this to work the interface drivers must be either compiled into the
3110 kernel or must reside on the root partition.
3113 The keyboard bell sound.
3120 if the default behavior is desired.
3121 For details, refer to the
3126 If set to a non-null string, the virtual console's keyboard input is
3132 no keymap is installed, otherwise the value is used to install
3134 .Pa /usr/share/syscons/keymaps/ Ns Ao Ar value Ac Ns Pa .kbd .
3137 The keyboard repeat speed.
3144 if the default behavior is desired.
3149 attempt to program the function keys with the value.
3151 be a single string of the form:
3152 .Dq Ar funkey_number new_value Op Ar funkey_number new_value ... .
3155 Can be set to the value of
3158 .Dq Li destructive ,
3161 to set the cursor behavior explicitly or choose the default behavior.
3166 no screen map is installed, otherwise the value is used to install
3167 the screen map file in
3168 .Pa /usr/share/syscons/scrnmaps/ Ns Aq Ar value .
3173 the default 8x16 font value is used for screen size requests, otherwise
3175 .Pa /usr/share/syscons/fonts/ Ns Aq Ar value
3181 the default 8x14 font value is used for screen size requests, otherwise
3183 .Pa /usr/share/syscons/fonts/ Ns Aq Ar value
3189 the default 8x8 font value is used for screen size requests, otherwise
3191 .Pa /usr/share/syscons/fonts/ Ns Aq Ar value
3197 the default screen blanking interval is used, otherwise it is set
3205 this is the actual screen saver to use
3206 .Li ( blank , snake , daemon ,
3208 .It Va moused_nondefault_enable
3212 the mouse device specified on
3213 the command line is not automatically treated as enabled by the
3214 .Pa /etc/rc.d/moused
3216 Having this variable set to
3222 to be enabled as soon as it is plugged in.
3223 .It Va moused_enable
3229 daemon is started for doing cut/paste selection on the console.
3232 This is the protocol type of the mouse connected to this host.
3233 This variable must be set if
3240 is able to detect the appropriate mouse type automatically in many cases.
3241 Set this variable to
3243 to let the daemon detect it, or
3244 select one from the following list if the automatic detection fails.
3246 If the mouse is attached to the PS/2 mouse port, choose
3250 regardless of the brand and model of the mouse.
3252 mouse is attached to the bus mouse port, choose
3256 All other protocols are for serial mice and will not work with
3257 the PS/2 and bus mice.
3258 If this is a USB mouse,
3260 is the only protocol type which will work.
3262 .Bl -tag -width ".Li x10mouseremote" -compact
3264 Microsoft mouse (serial)
3266 Microsoft IntelliMouse (serial)
3268 Mouse systems Corp.\& mouse (serial)
3270 MM Series mouse (serial)
3272 Logitech mouse (serial)
3276 Logitech MouseMan and TrackMan (serial)
3278 ALPS GlidePoint (serial)
3279 .It Li thinkingmouse
3280 Kensington ThinkingMouse (serial)
3284 MM HitTablet (serial)
3285 .It Li x10mouseremote
3286 X10 MouseRemote (serial)
3288 Interlink VersaPad (serial)
3291 Even if the mouse is not in the above list, it may be compatible
3292 with one in the list.
3293 Refer to the manual page for
3295 for compatibility information.
3297 It should also be noted that while this is enabled, any
3298 other client of the mouse (such as an X server) should access
3299 the mouse through the virtual mouse device,
3301 and configure it as a
3303 type mouse, since all
3304 mouse data is converted to this single canonical format when
3307 If the client program does not support the
3313 It is the second preferred type.
3320 this is the actual port the mouse is on.
3323 for a COM1 serial mouse,
3327 for a bus mouse, for example.
3332 is set, its value is used as an additional set of flags to pass to the
3335 .It Va "moused_" Ns Ar XXX Ns Va "_flags"
3337 .Va moused_nondefault_enable
3340 daemon is started for a non-default port, the
3341 .Va "moused_" Ns Ar XXX Ns Va "_flags"
3342 set of options has precedence over and replaces the default
3346 is the name of the non-default port, i.e.,\&
3349 .Va "moused_" Ns Ar XXX Ns Va "_flags"
3350 it is possible to set up a different set of default flags for each
3353 For example, you can use
3357 to make your laptop's touchpad more comfortable to use,
3358 but an empty set of options for
3359 .Va moused_ums0_flags
3362 mouse has three or more buttons.
3363 .It Va mousechar_start
3367 the default mouse cursor character range
3368 .Li 0xd0 Ns - Ns Li 0xd3
3370 otherwise the range start is set
3375 Use if the default range is occupied in the language code table.
3376 .It Va allscreens_flags
3380 is run with these options for each of the virtual terminals
3384 will enable the mouse pointer on all virtual terminals
3389 .It Va allscreens_kbdflags
3393 is run with these options for each of the virtual terminals
3399 scrollback (history) buffer to 200 lines.
3406 daemon at system boot time.
3412 .Pa /usr/sbin/cron ) .
3419 these are the flags to pass to
3425 enable the special handling of transitions to and from the
3426 Daylight Saving Time in
3428 (equivalent to using the flag
3435 .Pa /usr/sbin/lpd ) .
3442 daemon at system boot time.
3449 these are the flags to pass to the
3452 .It Va chkprintcap_enable
3458 command before starting the
3461 .It Va chkprintcap_flags
3466 .Va chkprintcap_enable
3469 these are the flags to pass to the
3474 which causes missing directories to be created.
3475 .It Va mta_start_script
3477 This variable specifies the full path to the script to run to start
3478 a mail transfer agent.
3480 .Pa /etc/rc.sendmail .
3484 .Pa /etc/rc.sendmail
3485 uses are documented in the
3490 Indicates the device (usually a swap partition) to which a crash dump
3491 should be written in the event of a system crash.
3492 If the value of this variable is
3494 the first suitable swap device listed in
3496 will be used as dump device.
3497 Otherwise, the value of this variable is passed as the argument to
3499 To disable crash dumps, set this variable to
3503 When the system reboots after a crash and a crash dump is found on the
3504 device specified by the
3508 will save that crash dump and a copy of the kernel to the directory
3512 The default value is
3521 .It Va savecore_flags
3523 If crash dumps are enabled, these are the flags to pass to the
3530 to turn on user and group disk quotas on system startup via the
3532 command for all file systems marked as having quotas enabled in
3534 The kernel must be built with
3536 for disk quotas to function.
3541 to enable user and group disk quota checking via the
3544 .It Va quotacheck_flags
3554 these are the flags to pass to the
3559 which checks quotas for all file systems with quotas enabled in
3561 .It Va quotaon_flags
3567 these are the flags to pass to the
3572 which enables quotas for all file systems with quotas enabled in
3574 .It Va quotaoff_flags
3580 these are the flags to pass to the
3582 utility when shutting down the quota system.
3585 which disables quotas for all file systems with quotas enabled in
3587 .It Va accounting_enable
3591 to enable system accounting through the
3598 to enable iBCS2 (SCO) binary emulation at system initial boot
3600 .It Va ibcs2_loaders
3608 this specifies a list of additional iBCS2 loaders to enable.
3613 to enable Linux/ELF binary emulation at system initial
3619 enable SysVR4 emulation at boot time.
3620 .It Va sysvipc_enable
3624 load System V IPC primitives at boot time.
3625 .It Va clear_tmp_enable
3636 to disable removing of X11 lock files,
3637 and the removal and (secure) recreation
3638 of the various socket directories for X11
3640 .It Va ldconfig_paths
3642 Set to the list of shared library paths to use with
3646 will always be added first, so it need not appear in this list.
3647 .It Va ldconfig32_paths
3649 Set to the list of 32-bit compatibility shared library paths to
3652 .It Va ldconfig_paths_aout
3654 Set to the list of shared library paths to use with
3659 .It Va ldconfig_insecure
3663 utility normally refuses to use directories
3664 which are writable by anyone except root.
3665 Set this variable to
3667 to disable that security check during system startup.
3668 .It Va ldconfig_local_dirs
3670 Set to the list of local
3673 The names of all files in the directories listed will be
3674 passed as arguments to
3676 .It Va ldconfig_local32_dirs
3678 Set to the list of local 32-bit compatibility
3681 The names of all files in the directories listed will be
3682 passed as arguments to
3683 .Dq Nm ldconfig Fl 32 .
3684 .It Va kern_securelevel_enable
3688 to set the kernel security level at system startup.
3689 .It Va kern_securelevel
3691 The kernel security level to set at startup.
3692 The allowed range of
3694 ranges from \-1 (the compile time default) to 3 (the
3698 for the list of possible security levels and their effect
3699 on system operation.
3702 Path to the SSH server program
3703 .Pa ( /usr/sbin/sshd
3711 at system boot time.
3718 these are the flags to pass to the
3723 Path to the FTP server program
3724 .Pa ( /usr/libexec/ftpd
3732 as a stand-alone daemon at system boot time.
3739 these are the additional flags to pass to the
3742 .It Va watchdogd_enable
3748 daemon at boot time.
3749 This requires that the kernel have been compiled with a
3752 .It Va watchdogd_flags
3755 .Va watchdogd_enable
3758 these are the flags passed to the
3761 .It Va devfs_rulesets
3763 List of files containing sets of rules for
3765 .It Va devfs_system_ruleset
3767 Rule name(s) to apply to the system
3770 .It Va devfs_set_rulesets
3772 Pairs of already-mounted
3774 directories and rulesets that should be applied to them.
3775 For example: /mount/dev=ruleset_name
3776 .It Va devfs_load_rulesets
3778 If set, always load the default rulesets listed in
3779 .Va devfs_rulesets .
3780 .It Va performance_cx_lowest
3782 CPU idle state to use while on AC power.
3787 should use the lowest power state available while
3789 indicates that the lowest latency state (less power savings) should be used.
3790 .It Va performance_cpu_freq
3792 CPU clock frequency to use while on AC power.
3797 should use the lowest frequency available while
3799 indicates that the highest frequency (less power savings) should be used.
3800 .It Va economy_cx_lowest
3802 CPU idle state to use when off AC power.
3807 should use the lowest power state available while
3809 indicates that the lowest latency state (less power savings) should be used.
3810 .It Va economy_cpu_freq
3812 CPU clock frequency to use when off AC power.
3817 should use the lowest frequency available while
3819 indicates that the highest frequency (less power savings) should be used.
3824 any configured jails will not be started.
3825 .It Va jail_parallel_start
3829 all configured jails will be started in the background (in parallel).
3832 A space separated list of names for jails.
3833 This is purely a configuration aid to help identify and
3834 configure multiple jails.
3835 The names specified in this list will be used to
3836 identify settings common to an instance of a jail,
3837 and should contain alphanumeric characters only.
3838 Assuming that the jail in question was named
3840 you would have the following dependent variables:
3842 jail_vjail_hostname="jail.example.com"
3843 jail_vjail_ip="192.0.2.100"
3844 jail_vjail_rootdir="/var/jails/vjail/root"
3850 When set, use as default value for
3851 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _flags
3854 .It Va jail_interface
3857 When set, use as default value for
3858 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _interface
3864 When set, use as default value for
3865 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fstab
3868 .It Va jail_mount_enable
3876 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _mount_enable
3879 by default for every jail in
3881 .It Va jail_devfs_ruleset
3885 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _devfs_ruleset
3886 to given value for every jail in
3888 .It Va jail_devfs_enable
3896 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _devfs_enable
3899 by default for every jail in
3901 .It Va jail_fdescfs_enable
3909 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fdescfs_enable
3912 by default for every jail in
3914 .It Va jail_procfs_enable
3922 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fdescfs_enable
3925 by default for every jail in
3927 .It Va jail_exec_prestart Ns Aq Ar N
3930 When set, use as default value for
3931 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_prestart Ns Aq Ar N
3934 .It Va jail_exec_start
3937 When set, use as default value for
3938 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_start
3941 .It Va jail_exec_afterstart Ns Aq Ar N
3944 When set, use as default value for
3945 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_afterstart Ns Aq Ar N
3948 .It Va jail_exec_poststart Ns Aq Ar N
3951 When set, use as default value for
3952 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_poststart Ns Aq Ar N
3955 .It Va jail_exec_prestop Ns Aq Ar N
3958 When set, use as default value for
3959 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_prestop Ns Aq Ar N
3962 .It Va jail_exec_stop
3964 When set, use as default value for
3965 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_stop
3968 .It Va jail_exec_poststop Ns Aq Ar N
3971 When set, use as default value for
3972 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_poststop Ns Aq Ar N
3975 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _rootdir
3978 Set to the root directory used by jail
3980 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _hostname
3983 Set to the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) assigned to jail
3985 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _ip
3988 Set to the (primary) IPv4 and/or IPv6 address(es) assigned to the jail.
3989 The argument can be a sole address or a comma separated list of addresses.
3990 Additionally each address can be prefixed by the name of an interface
3991 followed by a pipe to overwrite
3992 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _interface
3995 and/or suffixed by a netmask, prefixlen or prefix.
3996 In case no netmask, prefixlen or prefix is given,
3998 will be used for IPv4 and
4000 will be used for an IPv6 address.
4001 If no address is given for the jail then the jail will be started with
4002 no networking support.
4003 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _ip_multi Ns Aq Ar n
4006 Set additional IPv4 and/or IPv6 address(es) assigned to the jail.
4007 The sequence starts with
4009 and the numbers have to be strictly ascending.
4010 These entries follow the same syntax as their primary
4011 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _ip
4013 The order of the entries can be important as the first address for
4014 each address family found will be the primary address of the jail.
4020 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _flags
4025 These are flags to pass to
4027 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _interface
4030 When set, sets the interface to use when setting IP address alias.
4031 Note that the alias is created at jail startup and removed at jail shutdown.
4032 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fib
4035 When set, the jail is started with the specified forwarding table (sometimes
4036 referred to as a routing table) via
4038 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fstab
4041 .Pa /etc/fstab. Ns Aq Ar jname
4043 This is the file system information file to use for jail
4045 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _mount_enable
4052 mount all file systems from
4053 .Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fstab
4055 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _devfs_ruleset
4058 When set, defines the device file system ruleset file to use for jail
4060 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _devfs_enable
4067 mount the device file system inside jail
4070 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _fdescfs_enable
4077 mount the file-descriptor file system inside jail
4080 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _procfs_enable
4087 mount the process file system inside jail
4090 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_prestart Ns Aq Ar N
4093 This is the command run as
4096 before jail startup, where
4099 It is run outside the jail.
4100 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_start
4103 .Dq Li /bin/sh /etc/rc
4105 This is the command executed in a jail at jail startup.
4106 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_afterstart Ns Aq Ar N
4109 This is the command run as
4113 after jail startup, where
4116 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_poststart Ns Aq Ar N
4119 This is the command run as
4122 after jail startup, where
4125 It is run outside the jail.
4126 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_prestop Ns Aq Ar N
4129 This is the command run as
4132 before jail shutdown, where
4135 It is run outside the jail.
4136 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_stop
4139 .Dq Li /bin/sh /etc/rc.shutdown
4141 This is the command executed in a jail at jail shutdown.
4142 .It Va jail_ Ns Ao Ar jname Ac Ns Va _exec_poststop Ns Aq Ar N
4145 This is the command run as
4148 after jail shutdown, where
4151 It is run outside the jail.
4152 .It Va jail_set_hostname_allow
4156 do not allow the root user in a jail to set its hostname.
4157 .It Va jail_socket_unixiproute_only
4161 do not allow any sockets,
4162 besides UNIX/IP/route sockets,
4163 to be used within a jail.
4164 .It Va jail_sysvipc_allow
4168 allow applications within a jail to use System V IPC.
4169 .\" -----------------------------------------------------
4170 .It Va harvest_interrupt
4174 to use hardware interrupts as an entropy source.
4177 for more information.
4178 .It Va harvest_ethernet
4182 to use LAN traffic as an entropy source.
4185 for more information.
4186 .It Va harvest_p_to_p
4190 to use serial line traffic as an entropy source.
4193 for more information.
4198 to disable caching entropy via
4200 Otherwise set to the directory used to store entropy files in.
4205 to disable caching entropy through reboots.
4206 Otherwise set to the filename used to store cached entropy through
4208 This file should be located on the root file system to seed the
4210 device as early as possible in the boot process.
4211 .It Va entropy_save_sz
4213 Size of the entropy cache files saved by
4216 .It Va entropy_save_num
4218 Number of entropy cache files to save by
4232 Configuration file for
4241 .Pa /var/run/dmesg.boot
4243 .It Va rcshutdown_timeout
4245 If set, start a watchdog timer in the background which will terminate
4249 has not completed within the specified time (in seconds).
4250 Notice that in addition to this soft timeout,
4252 also applies a hard timeout for the execution of
4254 This is configured via
4257 .Va kern.init_shutdown_timeout
4258 and defaults to 120 seconds.
4259 Setting the value of
4260 .Va rcshutdown_timeout
4261 to more than 120 seconds will have no effect until the
4264 .Va kern.init_shutdown_timeout
4266 .It Va virecover_enable
4270 to prevent the system from trying to
4271 recover pre-maturely terminated
4274 .It Va ugidfw_enable
4279 .Xr mac_bsdextended 4
4280 module upon system initialization and load a default
4282 .It Va bsdextended_script
4285 .Xr mac_bsdextended 4
4286 ruleset file to load.
4287 The default value of this variable is
4288 .Pa /etc/rc.bsdextended .
4289 .It Va newsyslog_enable
4296 .It Va newsyslog_flags
4299 .Va newsyslog_enable
4302 these are the flags to pass to the
4307 which causes log files flagged with a
4310 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Aq Ar X
4320 must be specified and either a
4322 for malloc or swap backed
4330 .Va mdconfig_md Ns Aq Ar X
4331 variables are evaluated until one variable is unset or null.
4332 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Ao Ar X Ac Ns Va _newfs
4334 Optional arguments passed to
4340 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Ao Ar X Ac Ns Va _owner
4342 An ownership specification passed to
4351 device and the mount point will be changed.
4352 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Ao Ar X Ac Ns Va _perms
4354 A mode string passed to
4363 device and the mount point will be changed.
4364 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Ao Ar X Ac Ns Va _files
4366 Files to be copied to the mount point of the
4370 after it has been mounted.
4371 .It Va mdconfig_md Ns Ao Ar X Ac Ns Va _cmd
4373 Command to execute after the specified
4378 Note that the command is passed to
4384 variables can be used to reference respectively the
4386 device and the mount point.
4391 one could set the following:
4393 mdconfig_md0_cmd="tar xfzC /var/file.tgz \e${_mp}"
4395 .It Va autobridge_interfaces
4397 Set to the list of bridge interfaces that will have newly arriving interfaces
4398 checked against to be automatically added.
4401 then for each whitespace separated
4404 .Va autobridge_ Ns Aq Ar element
4405 variable is assumed to exist which has a whitespace separated list of interface
4406 names to match, these names can use wildcards.
4409 autobridge_interfaces="bridge0"
4410 autobridge_bridge0="tap* dc0 vlan[345]"
4416 enable support for sound mixer.
4417 .It Va hcsecd_enable
4421 enable Bluetooth security daemon.
4422 .It Va hcsecd_config
4424 Configuration file for
4427 .Pa /etc/bluetooth/hcsecd.conf .
4432 enable Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol daemon.
4440 .It Va sdpd_groupname
4444 group to run as after it initializes.
4447 .It Va sdpd_username
4451 user to run as after it initializes.
4454 .It Va bthidd_enable
4458 enable Bluetooth Human Interface Device daemon.
4459 .It Va bthidd_config
4461 Configuration file for
4464 .Pa /etc/bluetooth/bthidd.conf .
4467 Path to a file, where
4469 will store information about known HID devices.
4471 .Pa /var/db/bthidd.hids .
4472 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_enable
4476 enable Bluetooth RFCOMM PPP wrapper daemon.
4477 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_profile
4479 The name of the profile to use from
4480 .Pa /etc/ppp/ppp.conf .
4481 Multiple profiles can be specified here.
4482 Also used to specify per-profile overrides.
4483 When the profile name contains any of the characters
4485 they are translated to
4487 for the proposes of the override variable names.
4488 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _bdaddr
4490 Overrides local address to listen on.
4496 The address can be specified as BD_ADDR or name.
4497 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _channel
4499 Overrides local RFCOMM channel to listen on.
4502 will listen on RFCOMM channel 1.
4503 Must set properly if multiple profiles used in the same time.
4504 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _register_sp
4508 if it should register Serial Port service on the specified RFCOMM channel.
4511 .It Va rfcomm_pppd_server_ Ns Ao Ar profile Ac Ns _register_dun
4515 if it should register Dial-Up Networking service on the specified
4519 .It Va ubthidhci_enable
4523 change the USB Bluetooth controller from HID mode to HCI mode.
4524 You also need to specify the location of USB Bluetooth controller with the
4525 .Va ubthidhci_busnum
4529 .It Va ubthidhci_busnum
4530 Bus number where the USB Bluetooth controller is located.
4533 on your system to find this information.
4534 .It Va ubthidhci_addr
4535 Bus address of the USB Bluetooth controller.
4538 on your system to find this information.
4539 .It Va netwait_enable
4543 delays the start of network-reliant services until
4545 is up and ICMP packets to a destination defined in
4548 Link state is examined first, followed by
4550 an IP address to verify network usability.
4551 If no destination can be reached or timeouts are exceeded,
4552 network services are started anyway with no guarantee that
4553 the network is usable.
4554 Use of this variable requires both
4562 This variable contains a space-delimited list of IP addresses to
4564 DNS hostnames should not be used as resolution is not guaranteed
4565 to be functional at this point.
4566 If multiple IP addresses are specified,
4567 each will be tried until one is successful or the list is exhausted.
4568 .It Va netwait_timeout
4570 Indicates the total number of seconds to perform a
4572 against each IP address in
4574 at a rate of one ping per second.
4575 If any of the pings are successful,
4576 full network connectivity is considered reliable.
4581 Defines the name of the network interface on which watch for link.
4583 is used to monitor the interface, looking for
4584 .Dq Li status: no carrier .
4585 Once gone, the link is considered up.
4588 interface if desired.
4589 .It Va netwait_if_timeout
4591 Defines the total number of seconds to wait for link to become usable,
4592 polled at a 1-second interval.
4596 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /etc/defaults/rc.conf" -compact
4597 .It Pa /etc/defaults/rc.conf
4599 .It Pa /etc/rc.conf.local
4628 .Xr newsyslog.conf 5 ,
4698 .An Jordan K. Hubbard .