share/misc/bsd-family-tree

   1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
   2 ---------------------------------------------
   3
   4 First Edition (V1)
   5      |
   6 Second Edition (V2)
   7      |
   8 Third Edition (V3)
   9      |
  10 Fourth Edition (V4)
  11      |
  12 Fifth Edition (V5)
  13      |
  14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
  15        \                |
  16         \               |
  17          \              |
  18 Seventh Edition (V7)    |
  19             \           |
  20              \        1BSD
  21              32V        |
  22                \      2BSD---------------*
  23                 \    /                   |
  24                  \  /                    |
  25                   \/                     |
  26                  3BSD                    |
  27                   |                      |
  28                4.0BSD                2.79BSD
  29                   |                      |
  30                4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
  31                   |                      |
  32               4.1aBSD -----------\       |
  33                   |                \     |
  34               4.1bBSD                \   |
  35                   |                    \ |
  36       *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
  37      /            |                      |
  38 Eighth Edition    |                   2.9BSD-Seismo
  39      |            |                      |
  40      +----<--- 4.2BSD               2.9.1BSD
  41      |            |                      |
  42      +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
  43      |            |               /      |
  44 Ninth Edition     |              / 2.10.1BSD
  45      |         4.3BSD Tahoe-----+        |
  46      |            |              \       |
  47      |            |                \     |
  48      v            |                  2.11BSD
  49 Tenth Edition     |                      |
  50                   |                  2.11BSD rev #430
  51                4.3BSD NET/1              |
  52                   |                      v
  53                4.3BSD Reno
  54                   |
  55    *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
  56    |                    |                      |             |
  57 386BSD 0.0              |                      |           BSD/386 ALPHA
  58    |                    |                      |             |
  59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+                      |           BSD/386 0.3.[13]
  60    |     \              |                  4.4BSD Alpha      |
  61    |     386BSD 1.0     |                      |           BSD/386 0.9.[34]
  62    |                    |                  4.4BSD            |
  63    |                    |                    / |             |
  64    |                    |   4.4BSD-Encumbered  |             |
  65    |                -NetBSD 0.8                |           BSD/386 1.0
  66    |               /    |                      |             |
  67 FreeBSD 1.0 <-----'     *--NetBSD 0.9          |           BSD/386 1.1
  68    |                    |           .----- 4.4BSD Lite       |
  69 FreeBSD 1.1             |          /     /     |     \       |
  70    |                    |         /     |      |      \      |
  71 FreeBSD 1.1.5       .---|--------'      |      |       \     |
  72    |               /    |               |      |        \    |
  73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1   /     |               |      |         \   |
  74    |             /      *--NetBSD 1.0 <-'      |          \  |
  75    |            /       |                      |           \ |
  76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--'        |                      |           BSD/OS 2.0
  77    |                     \                     |             |
  78 FreeBSD 2.0.5             \                    |           BSD/OS 2.0.1
  79    |                 .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2       |
  80    |                 |      \             |  |   |   |       |
  81    |                 | .-----|------Rhapsody |   |   |       |
  82    |                 | |     |        NetBSD 1.3 |   |       |
  83    |                 | |     |           OpenBSD 2.3 |       |
  84    |                 | |     |                BSD/OS 3.0     |
  85 FreeBSD 2.1          | |     |                               |
  86  |   |               | |     *--NetBSD 1.1 -.              BSD/OS 2.1
  87  | FreeBSD 2.1.5     | |     |               \               |
  88  |     |             | |     *--NetBSD 1.2    \            BSD/OS 3.0
  89  | FreeBSD 2.1.6     | |     |  \          OpenBSD 2.0       |
  90  |     |             | |     |   \             |             |
  91  | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1   | |     |    \            |             |
  92  |     |             | |     |     \           |             |
  93  | FreeBSD 2.1.7     | |     |      |          |             |
  94  |     |             | |     |  NetBSD 1.2.1   |             |
  95  | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1   | |     |                 |             |
  96  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  97  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  98  *-FreeBSD 2.2       | |     |                 |             |
  99  |        \          | |     |                 |             |
 100  |     FreeBSD 2.2.1 | |     |                 |             |
 101  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 102  |     FreeBSD 2.2.2 | |     |             OpenBSD 2.1       |
 103  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 104  |     FreeBSD 2.2.5 | |     |                 |             |
 105  |         |         | |     |             OpenBSD 2.2       |
 106  |         |         | |     *--NetBSD 1.3     |             |
 107  |     FreeBSD 2.2.6 | |     |    |            |             |
 108  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.1    |           BSD/OS 3.1
 109  |         |         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.3       |
 110  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.2    |             |
 111  |     FreeBSD 2.2.7 | |     |    |            |             |
 112  |         |         | |     |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.0
 113  |     FreeBSD 2.2.8 | |     |    |            |             |
 114  |         |         | |     |    |            |             |
 115  |         v         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.4       |
 116  |     FreeBSD 2.2.9 | |     |    |            |             |
 117  |                   | |     |    |            |             |
 118 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* |     |    v            |             |
 119  |                     |     | NetBSD 1.3.3    |             |
 120  *---FreeBSD 3.1       |     |                 |             |
 121  |       |             |     |                 |           BSD/OS 4.0.1
 122  |   FreeBSD 3.2----*  |  .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5       |
 123  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 124  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 125  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 126  |   FreeBSD 3.3    |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.1    |             |
 127  |       |          |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.6       |
 128  |   FreeBSD 3.4    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 129  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.1
 130 FreeBSD 4.0  |      |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.2    |             |
 131  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 132  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 133  |   FreeBSD 3.5    |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.7       |
 134  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 135  |   FreeBSD 3.5.1  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 136  |                  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 137  *---FreeBSD 4.1    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 138  |      |           |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 139  |   FreeBSD 4.1.1  |  |  /  |    |            |             |
 140  |      |           |  | /   |    |            |             |
 141  |   FreeBSD 4.2   Darwin/   | NetBSD 1.4.3    |             |
 142  |      |         Mac OS X   |             OpenBSD 2.8     BSD/OS 4.2
 143  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 144  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 145  |      |           10.0     *--NetBSD 1.5     |             |
 146  |   FreeBSD 4.3      |      |    |            |             |
 147  |      |             |      |    |        OpenBSD 2.9       |
 148  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.5.1    |             |
 149  |      |             |      |    |            |             |
 150  |   FreeBSD 4.4-.    |      | NetBSD 1.5.2    |             |
 151  |      |        | Mac OS X  |    |            |             |
 152  |      |        |   10.1    |    |        OpenBSD 3.0       |
 153  |   FreeBSD 4.5 |    |      |    |            |             |
 154  |      |         \   |      |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.3
 155  |   FreeBSD 4.6   \  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.1       |
 156  |      |           \ |      | NetBSD 1.5.3    |             |
 157  |   FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X  |                 |             |
 158  |      |            10.2    |                 |             |
 159  |   FreeBSD 4.7      |      |                 |             |
 160  |      |             |      *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2       |
 161  |   FreeBSD 4.8      |      |    |            |             |
 162  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.6.1    |             |
 163  |      |--------.    |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.3     BSD/OS 5.0
 164  |      |         \   |      |    |            |             |
 165  |   FreeBSD 4.9   |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.4     BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
 166  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 167  |      |          |  |      | NetBSD 1.6.2    |
 168  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 169  |      |          |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.5
 170  |      |          |  |      |    v            |
 171  |   FreeBSD 4.10  |  |      |                 |
 172  |      |          |  |      |                 |
 173  |   FreeBSD 4.11  |  |      |                 |
 174  |                 |  |      |                 |
 175  |                  `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
 176  |                    |      |                 |                      \
 177 FreeBSD 5.0           |      |                 |                       |
 178  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 179 FreeBSD 5.1           |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.0
 180  |          \         |      |                 |                       |
 181  |           ----- Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 182  |                   10.3    |                 |                       |
 183 FreeBSD 5.2           |      |                 |                       |
 184  |      |             |      |                 |                       |
 185  |   FreeBSD 5.2.1    |      |                 |                       |
 186  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 187  *-------FreeBSD 5.3  |      |                 |                       |
 188  |           |        |      |             OpenBSD 3.6                 |
 189  |           |        |      *--NetBSD 2.0     |                       |
 190  |           |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.2.0
 191  |           |     Mac OS X  | | NetBSD 2.0.2  |                       |
 192  |           |       10.4    | |  |            |                       |
 193  |       FreeBSD 5.4  |      | |  |            |                       |
 194  |           |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.7                 |
 195  |           |        |      | | NetBSD 2.0.3  |                       |
 196  |           |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 197  *--FreeBSD  |        |      | |  v        OpenBSD 3.8                 |
 198  |    6.0    |        |      | |               |                       |
 199  |     |     |        |      |  \              |                       |
 200  |     |     |        |      | NetBSD 2.1      |                       |
 201  |     |     |        |      |                 |                       |
 202  |     |     |        |      *--NetBSD 3.0     |                       |
 203  |     |     |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.4.0
 204  |     |     |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.9                 |
 205  |  FreeBSD  |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 206  |    6.1    |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 207  |     |  FreeBSD 5.5 |      | |  |            |                       |
 208  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.1  |               DragonFly 1.6.0
 209  |     |              |      | |  |            |                       |
 210  |     |              |      | |  |        OpenBSD 4.0                 |
 211  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.2  |                       |
 212  |     |              |      | NetBSD 3.1      |                       |
 213  | FreeBSD 6.2        |      |                 |                       |
 214  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.8.0
 215  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.1                 |
 216  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.10.0
 217  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 218  |     |             10.5    |                 |                       |
 219  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.2                 |
 220  |     |              |      *--NetBSD 4.0     |                       |
 221  | FreeBSD 6.3        |      |    |            |                       |
 222  |            \       |      |    |            |                       |
 223  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |    |            |               DragonFly 1.12.0
 224  |    7.0      |      |      |    |            |                       |
 225  |     |       |      |      |    |        OpenBSD 4.3                 |
 226  |     |       |      |      | NetBSD          |               DragonFly 2.0.0
 227  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |  4.0.1      OpenBSD 4.4                 |
 228  |     |      6.4     |      |                 |                       |
 229  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 230  |  FreeBSD 7.1       |      |                 |                       |
 231  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 2.2.0
 232  |  FreeBSD 7.2       |      *--NetBSD     OpenBSD 4.5                 |
 233  |             \      |      |   5.0           |                       |
 234  |             \      |      |  / | \          |                       |
 235  |              |  Mac OS X  |  | |  \         |                       |
 236  |              |    10.6    |  | |   \        |                       |
 237  |              |     |      |  | | NetBSD     |               DragonFly 2.4.0
 238  |              |     |      |  | |  5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6                 |
 239  |              |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 240  *--FreeBSD     |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 241  |    8.0       |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 242  |     |     FreeBSD  |      |  | | NetBSD     |                       |
 243  |     |       7.3    |      |  | |  5.0.2     |               DragonFly 2.6.0
 244  |     |        |     |      |  | |        OpenBSD 4.7                 |
 245  |  FreeBSD     |     |      |  | |            |                       |
 246  |    8.1       |     |      |  | |            |                       |
 247  |     |        |     |      |  | |            |               DragonFly 2.8.2
 248  |     |        |     |      |  | |        OpenBSD 4.8                 |
 249  |     |        |     |      |  | *--NetBSD    |                       |
 250  |  FreeBSD  FreeBSD  |      |  |    5.1       |                       |
 251  |    8.2      7.4    |      |  |     |        |               DragonFly 2.10.1
 252  |     |              |      |  |     |    OpenBSD 4.9                 |
 253  |     `-----.     Mac OS X  |  |     |        |                       |
 254  |            \      10.7    |  |     |        |                       |
 255  |             |      |      |  |     |    OpenBSD 5.0                 |
 256  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |  |     |        |                       |
 257  |    9.0      |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |               DragonFly 3.0.1
 258  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |  |   5.1.2      |                       |
 259  |     |      8.3     |      |  |     |        |                       |
 260  |     |       |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |                       |
 261  |     |       |      |      |  |   5.1.3      |                       |
 262  |     |       |      |      |  |     |        |                       |
 263  |     |       |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |                       |
 264  |     |       |      |      |  |   5.1.4      |                       |
 265  |     |       |      |      |  |          OpenBSD 5.1                 |
 266  |     |       |   Mac OS X  |  `--------.     |                       |
 267  |     |       |     10.8    |           |     |                       |
 268  |     |       |      |      *--NetBSD   |     |                       |
 269  |     |       |      |      |    6.0    |     |                       |
 270  |     |       |      |      |    | |    | OpenBSD 5.2         DragonFly 3.2.1
 271  |  FreeBSD    |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 272  |    9.1      |      |      |    | |   5.2    |                       |
 273  |     |       |      |      |    | |    |     |                       |
 274  |     |       |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 275  |     |       |      |      |    | |  5.2.1   |                       |
 276  |     |       |      |      |    | |    |     |                       |
 277  |     |       |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 278  |     |       |      |      |    | |  5.2.2   |                       |
 279  |     |       |      |      |    | |          |                       |
 280  |     |       |      |      |    |  \         |                       |
 281  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 282  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.1   |                       |
 283  |     |       |      |      |    |      | OpenBSD 5.3         DragonFly 3.4.1
 284  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 285  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.2   |                       |
 286  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 287  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 288  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.3   |                       |
 289  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 290  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 291  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.4   |                       |
 292  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 293  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 294  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.5   |                       |
 295  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 296  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 297  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.6   |                       |
 298  |     |       |      |      |    |            |                       |
 299  |     |       |      |      |    *--NetBSD    |                       |
 300  |     |       |      |      |         6.1     |                       |
 301  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |          |      |                       |
 302  |     |      8.4     |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 303  |     |       |      |      |        6.1.1    |                       |
 304  |     |              |      |          |      |                       |
 305  |  FreeBSD           |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 306  |    9.2             |      |        6.1.2    |                       |
 307  |     |           Mac OS X  |          |      |                       |
 308  |     |             10.9    |          |  OpenBSD 5.4                 |
 309  |     `-----.        |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.0
 310  |            \       |      |          |      |                       |
 311  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 312  |   10.0      |      |      |        6.1.3    |                       |
 313  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 314  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.1
 315  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 316  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 317  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.2
 318  |     |       |      |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 319  |     |       |      |      |        6.1.4    |                       |
 320  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 321  |     |       |      |      |          |  OpenBSD 5.5                 |
 322  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 323  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.8.0
 324  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 325  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 326  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.8.1
 327  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 328  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 329  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.3
 330  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 331  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |          |      |                       |
 332  |     |      9.3     |      |          |      |                       |
 333  |     |              |      |       NetBSD    |               DragonFly 3.8.2
 334  |     |              |      |        6.1.5    |                       |
 335  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 336  |     |             10.10   |                 |                       |
 337  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 5.6                 |
 338  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 339  |   10.1             |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.1
 340  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 341  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.2
 342  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 343  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.3
 344  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 345  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.4
 346  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 347  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.5
 348  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 349  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 5.7                 |
 350  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.2.0
 351  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 352  |   10.2             |      |                 |                       |
 353  |     |            macOS    *--NetBSD 7.0     |                       |
 354  |     |            10.11    |   | |       OpenBSD 5.8                 |
 355  |     |              |      |   | `--.        |               DragonFly 4.4.1
 356  |  FreeBSD           |      |   |    |    OpenBSD 5.9                 |
 357  |   10.3             |      |   |    |        |                       |
 358  |     |              |      |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 359  |     |              |      |   |  7.0.1      |                       |
 360  |     `------.       |      |   |    |        |               DragonFly 4.6.0
 361  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 362  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 363  *--FreeBSD   |     macOS    |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.0                 |
 364  |   11.0     |     10.12    |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 365  |     |      |       |      |   |  7.0.2      |                       |
 366  |     |      |       |      |   |             |                       |
 367  |     |      |       |      |   *--NetBSD     |                       |
 368  |     |      |       |      |   |   7.1       |                       |
 369  |     |      |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 370  |     |      |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 371  |     |      |     macOS    |   |    |        |               DragonFly 4.8.0
 372  |     |      |     10.13    |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.1                 |
 373  |  FreeBSD   |       |      |   |    |        |               DragonFly 5.0.0
 374  |   11.1  FreeBSD    |      |   |    |        |                       |
 375  |     |    10.4      |      |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.2         DragonFly 5.0.1
 376  |     |              |      |   |    |        |                       |
 377  |     `------.       |      |   | NetBSD      |               DragonFly 5.0.2
 378  |            |       |      |   |  7.1.1      |                       |
 379  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 380  |            |       |      |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 381  |            |       |      |   |  7.1.2      `--.                    |
 382  |            |       |      |   |                |                    |
 383  |            |       |      |   `-----.      OpenBSD 6.3              |
 384  |            |       |      *--NetBSD |          |            DragonFly 5.2.0
 385  |            |       |      |   8.0   |          |                    |
 386  |            |       |      |   |     |          |            DragonFly 5.2.1
 387  |            |       |      |   |     |          |                    |
 388  |            |       |      |   |     |          |            DragonFly 5.2.2
 389  |         FreeBSD    |      |   |     *--NetBSD  |                    |
 390  |           11.2     |      |   |         7.2    |                    |
 391  |            |     macOS    |   |                |                    |
 392  |            |     10.14    |   |            OpenBSD 6.4              |
 393  |            |       |      |   |                |                    |
 394  |            |       |      |   |                |            DragonFly 5.4.0
 395  *--FreeBSD   |       |      |   |                |                    |
 396  |   12.0     |       |      |   |                |            DragonFly 5.4.1
 397  |     |      |       |      |   |            OpenBSD 6.5              |
 398  |     |      |       |      |   |                |                    |
 399  |     |      |       |      |  NetBSD            |                    |
 400  |     |      |       |      |   8.1              |            DragonFly 5.6
 401  |     |      |       |      |                    |                    |
 402  |     |      |       |      |                    |            DragonFly 5.6.1
 403  |     |   FreeBSD  macOS    |                    |                    |
 404  |     |     11.3   10.15    |                    |                    |
 405  |  FreeBSD           |      |                OpenBSD 6.6              |
 406  |   12.1           macOS    |                    |                    |
 407  |     |           10.15.1   |                    |            DragonFly 5.6.2
 408  |     |              |      *--NetBSD            |                    |
 409  |     v              |      |   9.0              |                    |
 410  |                    |      |                    |                    |
 411 FreeBSD 13 -current   |  NetBSD -current   OpenBSD -current    DragonFly -current
 412  |                    |      |                    |                    |
 413  v                    v      v                    v                    v
 414
 415 Time
 416 ----------------
 417
 418 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
 419 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
 420
 421 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
 422         and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
 423         the 4.4BSD Operating System.
 424 [APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/]
 425 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
 426 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
 427 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
 428 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
 429 [KB]  Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
 430         Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
 431 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
 432         comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
 433 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
 434         Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
 435         Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
 436 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
 437 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
 438 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
 439 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
 440 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society.  http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
 441 [USE] Usenet announcement.
 442 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
 443 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
 444
 445 Multics                 1965
 446 UNIX                    Summer 1969
 447                                 DEC PDP-7
 448 First   Edition         1971-11-03 [QCU]
 449                                 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
 450 Second  Edition         1972-06-12 [QCU]
 451                                 10 UNIX installations
 452 Third   Edition         1973-02-xx [QCU]
 453                                 Pipes, 16 installations
 454 Fourth  Edition         1973-11-xx [QCU]
 455                                 rewriting in C effected,
 456                                 above 30 installations
 457 Fifth   Edition         1974-06-xx [QCU]
 458                                 above 50 installations
 459 Sixth   Edition         1975-05-xx [QCU]
 460                                 port to DEC Vax
 461 Seventh Edition         1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS]
 462                                 first portable UNIX
 463 Eighth  Edition         1985-02-xx [QCU]
 464                                 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
 465                                 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
 466                                 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
 467                         scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
 468                         and networking part by the streams mechanism
 469
 470 Ninth   Edition         1986-09-xx [QCU]
 471 Tenth   Edition         1989-10-xx [QCU]
 472
 473 1BSD                    late 1977
 474                         1978-03-09 [QCU]
 475                                 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
 476                                 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
 477                                 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
 478 2BSD                    mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
 479                                 75 2BSD tapes shipped
 480 2.79BSD                 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
 481 2.8BSD                  1981-07-xx [KSJ]
 482
 483 2.8.1BSD                1982-01-xx [QCU]
 484                                 set of performance improvements
 485 2.9BSD                  1983-07-xx [KSJ]
 486 2.9.1BSD                1983-11-xx [TUHS]
 487 2.9BSD-Seismo           1985-08-xx [SMS]
 488 2.10BSD                 1987-04-xx [KKK]
 489 2.10.1BSD               1989-01-xx [SMS]
 490 2.11BSD                 1992-02-xx [SMS]
 491 2.11BSD rev #430        1999-12-13 [SMS]
 492
 493 32V                     1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS]
 494 3BSD                    late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
 495                                 virtual memory, page replacement,
 496                                 demand paging
 497 4.0BSD                  1980-10-xx
 498 4.1BSD                  1981-07-08 [DOC]
 499 4.1aBSD                 1982-04-xx
 500                                 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
 501 4.1bBSD                         internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
 502 4.1cBSD                 late 1982
 503                                 beta release, IPC [44B]
 504 4.2BSD                  1983-09-xx [QCU]
 505                         1983-08-03 [DOC]
 506 4.3BSD                  1986-06-xx [QCU]
 507                         1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
 508 4.3BSD Tahoe            1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
 509 4.3BSD NET/1            1988-11-xx [QCU]
 510                         1989-01-01 [DOC]
 511 4.3BSD Reno             1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
 512 4.3BSD NET/2            1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
 513
 514 BSD/386 ALPHA           1991-12-xx [BSDI]
 515                                 first code released to people outside BSDI
 516 386BSD 0.0              1992-02-xx [DOC]
 517 BSD/386 0.3.1           1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
 518 BSD/386 0.3.3           1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
 519 386BSD 0.1              1992-07-28 [DOC]
 520 4.4BSD Alpha            1992-07-07
 521 BSD/386 0.9.3           1992-10-xx [BSDI]
 522                                 first external gamma; G customers
 523 BSD/386 0.9.4           1992-12-xx [BSDI]
 524                                 would have been 1.0 except for request
 525                                 for preliminary injunction
 526 BSD/386 1.0             1993-03-xx [BSDI]
 527                                 injunction denied; first official release
 528 NetBSD 0.8              1993-04-20 [NBD]
 529 4.4BSD                  1993-06-01 [USE]
 530 NetBSD 0.9              1993-08-23 [NBD]
 531 FreeBSD 1.0             1993-11-01 [FBD]
 532 FreeBSD 1.0.2           1993-11-14 [FBD]
 533                                 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
 534 BSD/386 1.1             1994-02-xx [BSDI]
 535 4.4BSD Lite             1994-03-01 [USE]
 536 FreeBSD 1.1             1994-05-07 [FBD]
 537 FreeBSD 1.1.5           1994-06-30 [FBD]
 538 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1         1994-07-05 [FBD]
 539                                 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
 540 NetBSD 1.0              1994-10-26 [NBD]
 541 386BSD 1.0              1994-11-12 [USE]
 542 FreeBSD 2.0             1994-11-23 [FBD]
 543 BSD/OS 2.0              1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
 544 FreeBSD 2.0.5           1995-06-10 [FBD]
 545 BSD/OS 2.0.1            1995-06-xx [BSDI]
 546 4.4BSD Lite Release 2   1995-06-xx [44B]
 547                                 the true final distribution from the CSRG
 548 FreeBSD 2.1.0           1995-11-19 [FBD]
 549 NetBSD 1.1              1995-11-26 [NBD]
 550 BSD/OS 2.1              1996-01-xx [BSDI]
 551 FreeBSD 2.1.5           1996-07-14 [FBD]
 552 NetBSD 1.2              1996-10-04 [NBD]
 553 OpenBSD 2.0             1996-10-18 [OBD]
 554 FreeBSD 2.1.6           1996-11-16 [FBD]
 555 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1         1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
 556 Rhapsody                1997-xx-xx
 557 FreeBSD 2.1.7           1997-02-20 [FBD]
 558 BSD/OS 3.0              1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
 559 FreeBSD 2.2.0           1997-03-16 [FBD]
 560 FreeBSD 2.2.1           1997-03-25 [FBD]
 561 FreeBSD 2.2.2           1997-05-16 [FBD]
 562 NetBSD 1.2.1            1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
 563 OpenBSD 2.1             1997-06-01 [OBD]
 564 FreeBSD 2.2.5           1997-10-22 [FBD]
 565 OpenBSD 2.2             1997-12-01 [OBD]
 566 NetBSD 1.3              1998-01-04 [NBD]
 567 FreeBSD 2.2.6           1998-03-25 [FBD]
 568 NetBSD 1.3.1            1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
 569 BSD/OS 3.1              1998-03-xx [BSDI]
 570 OpenBSD 2.3             1998-05-19 [OBD]
 571 NetBSD 1.3.2            1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
 572 FreeBSD 2.2.7           1998-07-22 [FBD]
 573 BSD/OS 4.0              1998-08-xx [BSDI]
 574                                 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
 575 FreeBSD 3.0             1998-10-16 [FBD]
 576                                 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
 577                                 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
 578                                 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
 579 FreeBSD 2.2.8           1998-11-29 [FBD]
 580 OpenBSD 2.4             1998-12-01 [OBD]
 581 NetBSD 1.3.3            1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
 582 FreeBSD 3.1             1999-02-15 [FBD]
 583 BSD/OS 4.0.1            1999-03-xx [BSDI]
 584 NetBSD 1.4              1999-05-12 [NBD]
 585 FreeBSD 3.2             1999-05-17 [FBD]
 586 OpenBSD 2.5             1999-05-19 [OBD]
 587 NetBSD 1.4.1            1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
 588 FreeBSD 3.3             1999-09-17 [FBD]
 589 OpenBSD 2.6             1999-12-01 [OBD]
 590 FreeBSD 3.4             1999-12-20 [FBD]
 591 BSD/OS 4.1              1999-12-xx [BSDI]
 592 FreeBSD 4.0             2000-03-13 [FBD]
 593 NetBSD 1.4.2            2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
 594 OpenBSD 2.7             2000-06-15 [OBD]
 595 FreeBSD 3.5             2000-06-24 [FBD]
 596 FreeBSD 4.1             2000-07-27 [FBD]
 597 FreeBSD 3.5.1           2000-07-28 [FBD]
 598 FreeBSD 4.1.1           2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
 599 FreeBSD 4.2             2000-11-21 [FBD]
 600 NetBSD 1.4.3            2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
 601 BSD/OS 4.2              2000-11-29 [BSDI]
 602 OpenBSD 2.8             2000-12-01 [OBD]
 603 NetBSD 1.5              2000-12-06 [NBD]
 604 Mac OS X 10.0           2001-03-24 [APL]
 605 FreeBSD 4.3             2001-04-20 [FBD]
 606 OpenBSD 2.9             2001-06-01 [OBD]
 607 NetBSD 1.5.1            2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
 608 NetBSD 1.5.2            2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
 609 FreeBSD 4.4             2001-09-18 [FBD]
 610 Mac OS X 10.1           2001-09-29 [APL]
 611 OpenBSD 3.0             2001-12-01 [OBD]
 612 FreeBSD 4.5             2002-01-29 [FBD]
 613 BSD/OS 4.3              2002-03-14 [WRS]
 614 OpenBSD 3.1             2002-05-19 [OBD]
 615 FreeBSD 4.6             2002-06-15 [FBD]
 616 NetBSD 1.5.3            2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
 617 FreeBSD 4.6.2           2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
 618 Mac OS X 10.2           2002-08-23 [APL]
 619 NetBSD 1.6              2002-09-14 [NBD]
 620 FreeBSD 4.7             2002-10-08 [FBD]
 621 OpenBSD 3.2             2002-11-01 [OBD]
 622 FreeBSD 5.0             2003-01-17 [FBD]
 623                                 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
 624                                 -current, similar to 3.0.
 625 FreeBSD 4.8             2003-04-03 [FBD]
 626 NetBSD 1.6.1            2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
 627 OpenBSD 3.3             2003-05-01 [OBD]
 628 BSD/OS 5.0              2003-05-?? [WRS]
 629 FreeBSD 5.1             2003-06-09 [FBD]
 630 Mac OS X 10.3           2003-10-24 [APL]
 631 FreeBSD 4.9             2003-10-28 [FBD]
 632 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE          2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
 633 OpenBSD 3.4             2003-11-01 [OBD]
 634 FreeBSD 5.2             2004-01-12 [FBD]
 635 FreeBSD 5.2.1           2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
 636 NetBSD 1.6.2            2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
 637 OpenBSD 3.5             2004-04-01 [OBD]
 638 FreeBSD 4.10            2004-05-27 [FBD]
 639 DragonFly 1.0           2004-07-12 [DFB]
 640 OpenBSD 3.6             2004-10-29 [OBD]
 641 FreeBSD 5.3             2004-11-06 [FBD]
 642 NetBSD 2.0              2004-12-09 [NBD]
 643 FreeBSD 4.11            2005-01-25 [FBD]
 644 DragonFly 1.2.0         2005-04-08 [DFB]
 645 NetBSD 2.0.2            2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 646 Mac OS X 10.4           2005-04-29 [APL]
 647 FreeBSD 5.4             2005-05-09 [FBD]
 648 OpenBSD 3.7             2005-05-19 [OBD]
 649 NetBSD 2.0.3            2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 650 OpenBSD 3.8             2005-11-01 [OBD]
 651 FreeBSD 6.0             2005-11-01 [FBD]
 652 NetBSD 2.1              2005-11-02 [NBD]
 653 NetBSD 3.0              2005-12-23 [NBD]
 654 DragonFly 1.4.0         2006-01-08 [DFB]
 655 FreeBSD 2.2.9           2006-04-01 [FBD]
 656 OpenBSD 3.9             2006-05-01 [OBD]
 657 FreeBSD 6.1             2006-05-08 [FBD]
 658 FreeBSD 5.5             2006-05-25 [FBD]
 659 NetBSD 3.0.1            2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 660 DragonFly 1.6.0         2006-07-24 [DFB]
 661 OpenBSD 4.0             2006-11-01 [OBD]
 662 NetBSD 3.0.2            2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 663 NetBSD 3.1              2006-11-04 [NBD]
 664 FreeBSD 6.2             2007-01-15 [FBD]
 665 DragonFly 1.8.0         2007-01-30 [DFB]
 666 OpenBSD 4.1             2007-05-01 [OBD]
 667 DragonFly 1.10.0        2007-08-06 [DFB]
 668 Mac OS X 10.5           2007-10-26 [APL]
 669 OpenBSD 4.2             2007-11-01 [OBD]
 670 NetBSD 4.0              2007-12-19 [NBD]
 671 FreeBSD 6.3             2008-01-18 [FBD]
 672 DragonFly 1.12.0        2008-02-26 [DFB]
 673 FreeBSD 7.0             2008-02-27 [FBD]
 674 OpenBSD 4.3             2008-05-01 [OBD]
 675 DragonFly 2.0.0         2008-07-21 [DFB]
 676 OpenBSD 4.4             2008-11-01 [OBD]
 677 FreeBSD 6.4             2008-11-28 [FBD]
 678 FreeBSD 7.1             2009-01-04 [FBD]
 679 DragonFly 2.2.0         2009-02-17 [DFB]
 680 NetBSD 5.0              2009-04-29 [NBD]
 681 OpenBSD 4.5             2009-05-01 [OBD]
 682 FreeBSD 7.2             2009-05-04 [FBD]
 683 Mac OS X 10.6           2009-06-08 [APL]
 684 NetBSD 5.0.1            2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 685 DragonFly 2.4.0         2009-09-16 [DFB]
 686 OpenBSD 4.6             2009-10-18 [OBD]
 687 FreeBSD 8.0             2009-11-26 [FBD]
 688 NetBSD 5.0.2            2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 689 FreeBSD 7.3             2010-03-23 [FBD]
 690 DragonFly 2.6.0         2010-03-28 [DFB]
 691 OpenBSD 4.7             2010-05-19 [OBD]
 692 FreeBSD 8.1             2010-07-24 [FBD]
 693 DragonFly 2.8.2         2010-10-30 [DFB]
 694 OpenBSD 4.8             2010-11-01 [OBD]
 695 NetBSD 5.1              2010-11-19 [NBD]
 696 FreeBSD 7.4             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 697 FreeBSD 8.2             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 698 DragonFly 2.10.1        2011-04-26 [DFB]
 699 OpenBSD 4.9             2011-05-01 [OBD]
 700 Mac OS X 10.7           2011-07-20 [APL]
 701 OpenBSD 5.0             2011-11-01 [OBD]
 702 FreeBSD 9.0             2012-01-12 [FBD]
 703 NetBSD 5.1.2            2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 704 DragonFly 3.0.1         2012-02-21 [DFB]
 705 FreeBSD 8.3             2012-04-18 [FBD]
 706 OpenBSD 5.1             2012-05-01 [OBD]
 707 Mac OS X 10.8           2012-07-25 [APL]
 708 NetBSD 6.0              2012-10-17 [NBD]
 709 OpenBSD 5.2             2012-11-01 [OBD]
 710 DragonFly 3.2.1         2012-11-02 [DFB]
 711 NetBSD 5.2              2012-12-03 [NBD]
 712 NetBSD 6.0.1            2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 713 FreeBSD 9.1             2012-12-30 [FBD]
 714 DragonFly 3.4.1         2013-04-29 [DFB]
 715 OpenBSD 5.3             2013-05-01 [OBD]
 716 NetBSD 6.0.2            2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 717 NetBSD 6.1              2013-05-18 [NBD]
 718 FreeBSD 8.4             2013-06-07 [FBD]
 719 NetBSD 6.1.1            2013-08-22 [NBD]
 720 NetBSD 5.1.3            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 721 NetBSD 5.2.1            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 722 FreeBSD 9.2             2013-09-30 [FBD]
 723 NetBSD 6.0.3            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 724 NetBSD 6.1.2            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 725 Mac OS X 10.9           2013-10-22 [APL]
 726 OpenBSD 5.4             2013-11-01 [OBD]
 727 DragonFly 3.6.0         2013-11-25 [DFB]
 728 FreeBSD 10.0            2014-01-20 [FBD]
 729 NetBSD 5.1.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 730 NetBSD 5.2.2            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 731 NetBSD 6.0.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 732 NetBSD 6.1.3            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 733 DragonFly 3.6.1         2014-02-22 [DFB]
 734 DragonFly 3.6.2         2014-04-10 [DFB]
 735 NetBSD 6.0.5            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 736 NetBSD 6.1.4            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 737 OpenBSD 5.5             2014-05-01 [OBD]
 738 DragonFly 3.8.0         2014-06-04 [DFB]
 739 DragonFly 3.8.1         2014-06-16 [DFB]
 740 DragonFly 3.6.3         2014-06-17 [DFB]
 741 FreeBSD 9.3             2014-07-05 [FBD]
 742 DragonFly 3.8.2         2014-08-08 [DFB]
 743 NetBSD 6.0.6            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 744 NetBSD 6.1.5            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 745 Mac OS X 10.10          2014-10-16 [APL]
 746 OpenBSD 5.6             2014-11-01 [OBD]
 747 FreeBSD 10.1            2014-11-14 [FBD]
 748 DragonFly 4.0.1         2014-11-25 [DFB]
 749 DragonFly 4.0.2         2015-01-07 [DFB]
 750 DragonFly 4.0.3         2015-01-21 [DFB]
 751 DragonFly 4.0.4         2015-03-09 [DFB]
 752 DragonFly 4.0.5         2015-03-23 [DFB]
 753 OpenBSD 5.7             2015-05-01 [OBD]
 754 DragonFly 4.2.0         2015-06-29 [DFB]
 755 FreeBSD 10.2            2015-08-13 [FBD]
 756 NetBSD 7.0              2015-09-25 [NBD]
 757 OS X 10.11              2015-09-30 [APL]
 758 OpenBSD 5.8             2015-10-18 [OBD]
 759 DragonFly 4.4.1         2015-12-07 [DFB]
 760 OpenBSD 5.9             2016-03-29 [OBD]
 761 FreeBSD 10.3            2016-04-04 [FBD]
 762 NetBSD 7.0.1            2016-05-22 [NBD]
 763 DragonFly 4.6.0         2016-08-02 [DFB]
 764 OpenBSD 6.0             2016-09-01 [OBD]
 765 macOS 10.12             2016-09-20 [APL]
 766 FreeBSD 11.0            2016-10-10 [FBD]
 767 NetBSD 7.0.2            2016-10-21 [NBD]
 768 NetBSD 7.1              2017-03-11 [NBD]
 769 DragonFly 4.8.0         2017-03-27 [DFB]
 770 OpenBSD 6.1             2017-04-11 [OBD]
 771 FreeBSD 11.1            2017-07-26 [FBD]
 772 macOS 10.13             2017-09-25 [APL]
 773 FreeBSD 10.4            2017-10-03 [FBD]
 774 OpenBSD 6.2             2017-10-09 [OBD]
 775 DragonFly 5.0.0         2017-10-16 [DFB]
 776 DragonFly 5.0.1         2017-11-06 [DFB]
 777 DragonFly 5.0.2         2017-12-04 [DFB]
 778 NetBSD 7.1.1            2017-12-22 [NBD]
 779 NetBSD 7.1.2            2018-03-15 [NBD]
 780 OpenBSD 6.3             2018-04-02 [OBD]
 781 DragonFly 5.2.0         2018-04-10 [DFB]
 782 DragonFly 5.2.1         2018-05-20 [DFB]
 783 DragonFly 5.2.2         2018-06-18 [DFB]
 784 FreeBSD 11.2            2018-06-27 [FBD]
 785 NetBSD 8.0              2018-07-17 [NBD]
 786 NetBSD 7.2              2018-08-29 [NBD]
 787 macOS 10.14             2018-09-24 [APL]
 788 OpenBSD 6.4             2018-10-18 [OBD]
 789 DragonFly 5.4.0         2018-12-03 [DFB]
 790 FreeBSD 12.0            2018-12-11 [FBD]
 791 DragonFly 5.4.1         2018-12-24 [DFB]
 792 OpenBSD 6.5             2019-05-01 [OBD]
 793 NetBSD 8.1              2019-06-04 [NBD]
 794 DragonFly 5.6           2019-06-17 [DFB]
 795 DragonFly 5.6.1         2019-06-19 [DFB]
 796 FreeBSD 11.3            2019-07-09 [FBD]
 797 DragonFly 5.6.2         2019-08-11 [DFB]
 798 OpenBSD 6.6             2019-10-17 [OBD]
 799 macOS 10.15             2019-10-07 [APL]
 800 macOS 10.15.1           2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release)
 801 FreeBSD 12.1            2019-11-04 [FBD]
 802 NetBSD 9.0              2020-02-14 [NBD]
 803
 804 Bibliography
 805 ------------------------
 806
 807 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
 808 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
 809 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
 810
 811 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
 812 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
 813
 814 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
 815 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
 816 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
 817
 818 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
 819 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
 820 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
 821
 822 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The
 823 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition.
 824 Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2
 825
 826 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
 827
 828 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
 829 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
 830 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
 831
 832 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
 833 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
 834
 835 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
 836 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
 837
 838 BSD Release Announcements collection.
 839 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
 840
 841 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
 842 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
 843
 844 UNIX history graphing project
 845 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
 846
 847 UNIX history
 848 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
 849
 850 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
 851 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
 852 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
 853
 854
 855 Acknowledgments
 856 ---------------
 857
 858 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
 859 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
 860
 861 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
 862
 863 --
 864 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
 865 URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
 866
 867 $FreeBSD$