share/misc/bsd-family-tree

   1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
   2 ---------------------------------------------
   3
   4 First Edition (V1)
   5      |
   6 Second Edition (V2)
   7      |
   8 Third Edition (V3)
   9      |
  10 Fourth Edition (V4)
  11      |
  12 Fifth Edition (V5)
  13      |
  14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
  15        \                |
  16         \               |
  17          \              |
  18 Seventh Edition (V7)    |
  19             \           |
  20              \        1BSD
  21              32V        |
  22                \      2BSD---------------*
  23                 \    /                   |
  24                  \  /                    |
  25                   \/                     |
  26                  3BSD                    |
  27                   |                      |
  28                4.0BSD                2.79BSD
  29                   |                      |
  30                4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
  31                   |                      |
  32               4.1aBSD -----------\       |
  33                   |                \     |
  34               4.1bBSD                \   |
  35                   |                    \ |
  36       *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
  37      /            |                      |
  38 Eighth Edition    |                   2.9BSD-Seismo
  39      |            |                      |
  40      +----<--- 4.2BSD               2.9.1BSD
  41      |            |                      |
  42      +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
  43      |            |               /      |
  44 Ninth Edition     |              / 2.10.1BSD
  45      |         4.3BSD Tahoe-----+        |
  46      |            |              \       |
  47      |            |                \     |
  48      v            |                  2.11BSD
  49 Tenth Edition     |                      |
  50                   |                  2.11BSD rev #430
  51                4.3BSD NET/1              |
  52                   |                      v
  53                4.3BSD Reno
  54                   |
  55    *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
  56    |                    |                      |             |
  57 386BSD 0.0              |                      |           BSD/386 ALPHA
  58    |                    |                      |             |
  59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+                      |           BSD/386 0.3.[13]
  60    |     \              |                  4.4BSD Alpha      |
  61    |     386BSD 1.0     |                      |           BSD/386 0.9.[34]
  62    |                    |                  4.4BSD            |
  63    |                    |                    / |             |
  64    |                    |   4.4BSD-Encumbered  |             |
  65    |                -NetBSD 0.8                |           BSD/386 1.0
  66    |               /    |                      |             |
  67 FreeBSD 1.0 <-----'  NetBSD 0.9                |           BSD/386 1.1
  68    |                    |           .----- 4.4BSD Lite       |
  69 FreeBSD 1.1             |          /   /       |     \       |
  70    |                    |         /   /        |      \      |
  71 FreeBSD 1.1.5       .---|--------'   /         |       \     |
  72    |               /    |           /          |        \    |
  73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1   /     |          /           |         \   |
  74    |             /   NetBSD 1.0 <-'            |          \  |
  75    |            /       |                      |           \ |
  76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--'        |                      |           BSD/OS 2.0
  77    |                     \                     |             |
  78 FreeBSD 2.0.5             \                    |           BSD/OS 2.0.1
  79    |                 .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2       |
  80    |                 |      \             |  |   |   |       |
  81    |                 | .-----|------Rhapsody |   |   |       |
  82    |                 | |     |        NetBSD 1.3 |   |       |
  83    |                 | |     |           OpenBSD 2.3 |       |
  84    |                 | |     |                BSD/OS 3.0     |
  85 FreeBSD 2.1          | |     |                               |
  86  |   |               | |  NetBSD 1.1 ------.               BSD/OS 2.1
  87  | FreeBSD 2.1.5     | |     |              \                |
  88  |     |             | |  NetBSD 1.2         \             BSD/OS 3.0
  89  | FreeBSD 2.1.6     | |     |  \          OpenBSD 2.0       |
  90  |     |             | |     |   \             |             |
  91  | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1   | |     |    \            |             |
  92  |     |             | |     |     \           |             |
  93  | FreeBSD 2.1.7     | |     |      |          |             |
  94  |     |             | |     |  NetBSD 1.2.1   |             |
  95  | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1   | |     |                 |             |
  96  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  97  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  98  *-FreeBSD 2.2       | |     |                 |             |
  99  |        \          | |     |                 |             |
 100  |     FreeBSD 2.2.1 | |     |                 |             |
 101  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 102  |     FreeBSD 2.2.2 | |     |             OpenBSD 2.1       |
 103  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 104  |     FreeBSD 2.2.5 | |     |                 |             |
 105  |         |         | |     |             OpenBSD 2.2       |
 106  |         |         | |  NetBSD 1.3           |             |
 107  |     FreeBSD 2.2.6 | |     |    |            |             |
 108  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.1    |           BSD/OS 3.1
 109  |         |         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.3       |
 110  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.2    |             |
 111  |     FreeBSD 2.2.7 | |     |    |            |             |
 112  |         |         | |     |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.0
 113  |     FreeBSD 2.2.8 | |     |    |            |             |
 114  |         |         | |     |    |            |             |
 115  |         v         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.4       |
 116  |     FreeBSD 2.2.9 | |     |    |            |             |
 117  |                   | |     |    |            |             |
 118 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* |     |    v            |             |
 119  |                     |     | NetBSD 1.3.3    |             |
 120  *---FreeBSD 3.1       |     |                 |             |
 121  |       |             |     |                 |           BSD/OS 4.0.1
 122  |   FreeBSD 3.2----*  |  NetBSD 1.4       OpenBSD 2.5       |
 123  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 124  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 125  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 126  |   FreeBSD 3.3    |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.1    |             |
 127  |       |          |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.6       |
 128  |   FreeBSD 3.4    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 129  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.1
 130 FreeBSD 4.0  |      |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.2    |             |
 131  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 132  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 133  |   FreeBSD 3.5    |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.7       |
 134  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 135  |   FreeBSD 3.5.1  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 136  |                  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 137  *---FreeBSD 4.1    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 138  |      |           |  | (?) |    |            |             |
 139  |   FreeBSD 4.1.1  |  |  /  |    |            |             |
 140  |      |           |  | /   |    |            |             |
 141  |   FreeBSD 4.2   Darwin/   | NetBSD 1.4.3    |             |
 142  |      |         Mac OS X   |             OpenBSD 2.8     BSD/OS 4.2
 143  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 144  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 145  |      |           10.0  NetBSD 1.5           |             |
 146  |   FreeBSD 4.3      |      |    |            |             |
 147  |      |             |      |    |        OpenBSD 2.9       |
 148  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.5.1    |             |
 149  |      |             |      |    |            |             |
 150  |   FreeBSD 4.4-.    |      | NetBSD 1.5.2    |             |
 151  |      |        | Mac OS X  |    |            |             |
 152  |      |        |   10.1    |    |        OpenBSD 3.0       |
 153  |   FreeBSD 4.5 |    |      |    |            |             |
 154  |      |         \   |      |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.3
 155  |   FreeBSD 4.6   \  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.1       |
 156  |      |           \ |      | NetBSD 1.5.3    |             |
 157  |   FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X  |                 |             |
 158  |      |            10.2    |                 |             |
 159  |   FreeBSD 4.7      |      |                 |             |
 160  |      |             |   NetBSD 1.6       OpenBSD 3.2       |
 161  |   FreeBSD 4.8      |      |    |            |             |
 162  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.6.1    |             |
 163  |      |--------.    |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.3     BSD/OS 5.0
 164  |      |         \   |      |    |            |             |
 165  |   FreeBSD 4.9   |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.4     BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
 166  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 167  |      |          |  |      | NetBSD 1.6.2    |
 168  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 169  |      |          |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.5
 170  |      |          |  |      |    v            |
 171  |   FreeBSD 4.10  |  |      |                 |
 172  |      |          |  |      |                 |
 173  |   FreeBSD 4.11  |  |      |                 |
 174  |                 |  |      |                 |
 175  |                  `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
 176  |                    |      |                 |                      \
 177 FreeBSD 5.0           |      |                 |                       |
 178  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 179 FreeBSD 5.1           |      |                 |                DragonFly 1.0
 180  |          \         |      |                 |                       |
 181  |           ----- Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 182  |                   10.3    |                 |                       |
 183 FreeBSD 5.2           |      |                 |                       |
 184  |      |             |      |                 |                       |
 185  |   FreeBSD 5.2.1    |      |                 |                       |
 186  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 187  *-------FreeBSD 5.3  |      |                 |                       |
 188  |           |        |      |             OpenBSD 3.6                 |
 189  |           |        |   NetBSD 2.0           |                       |
 190  |           |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.2.0
 191  |           |     Mac OS X  | | NetBSD 2.0.2  |                       |
 192  |           |       10.4    | |  |            |                       |
 193  |       FreeBSD 5.4  |      | |  |            |                       |
 194  |           |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.7                 |
 195  |           |        |      | | NetBSD 2.0.3  |                       |
 196  |           |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 197  *--FreeBSD  |        |      | |  v        OpenBSD 3.8                 |
 198  |    6.0    |        |      | |               |                       |
 199  |     |     |        |      |  \              |                       |
 200  |     |     |        |      | NetBSD 2.1      |                       |
 201  |     |     |        |      |                 |                       |
 202  |     |     |        |   NetBSD 3.0           |                       |
 203  |     |     |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.4.0
 204  |     |     |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.9                 |
 205  |  FreeBSD  |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 206  |    6.1    |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 207  |     |  FreeBSD 5.5 |      | |  |            |                       |
 208  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.1  |               DragonFly 1.6.0
 209  |     |              |      | |  |            |                       |
 210  |     |              |      | |  |        OpenBSD 4.0                 |
 211  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.2  |                       |
 212  |     |              |      | NetBSD 3.1      |                       |
 213  | FreeBSD 6.2        |      |                 |                       |
 214  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.8.0
 215  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.1                 |
 216  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.10.0
 217  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 218  |     |             10.5    |                 |                       |
 219  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.2                 |
 220  |     |              |   NetBSD 4.0           |                       |
 221  | FreeBSD 6.3        |      |    |            |                       |
 222  |            \       |      |    |            |                       |
 223  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |    |            |               DragonFly 1.12.0
 224  |    7.0      |      |      |    |            |                       |
 225  |     |       |      |      |    |        OpenBSD 4.3                 |
 226  |     |       |      |      | NetBSD          |               DragonFly 2.0.0
 227  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |  4.0.1      OpenBSD 4.4                 |
 228  |     |      6.4     |      |                 |                       |
 229  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 230  |  FreeBSD 7.1       |      |                 |                       |
 231  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 2.2.0
 232  |  FreeBSD 7.2       |   NetBSD 5.0       OpenBSD 4.5                 |
 233  |             \      |      | |    \          |                       |
 234  |              |  Mac OS X  | |     \         |                       |
 235  |              |    10.6    | |      \        |                       |
 236  |              |     |      | |   NetBSD      |               DragonFly 2.4.0
 237  |              |     |      | |    5.0.1  OpenBSD 4.6                 |
 238  |              |     |      | |       |       |                       |
 239  *--FreeBSD     |     |      | |       |       |                       |
 240  |    8.0       |     |      | |       |       |                       |
 241  |     |     FreeBSD  |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 242  |     |       7.3    |      | |    5.0.2      |               DragonFly 2.6.0
 243  |     |        |     |      | |           OpenBSD 4.7                 |
 244  |  FreeBSD     |     |      | |               |                       |
 245  |    8.1       |     |      | |               |                       |
 246  |     |        |     |      | |               |               DragonFly 2.8.2
 247  |     |        |     |      | |           OpenBSD 4.8                 |
 248  |     |        |     |      | *--NetBSD       |                       |
 249  |  FreeBSD  FreeBSD  |      | |    5.1        |                       |
 250  |    8.2      7.4    |      | |      |        |               DragonFly 2.10.1
 251  |     |              |      | |      |    OpenBSD 4.9                 |
 252  |     `-----.     Mac OS X  | |      |        |                       |
 253  |            \      10.7    | |      |        |                       |
 254  |             |      |      | |      |    OpenBSD 5.0                 |
 255  *--FreeBSD    |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 256  |    9.0      |      |      | |   NetBSD      |               DragonFly 3.0.1
 257  |     |    FreeBSD   |      | |    5.1.2      |                       |
 258  |     |      8.3     |      | |      |        |                       |
 259  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 260  |     |       |      |      | |    5.1.3      |                       |
 261  |     |       |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 262  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 263  |     |       |      |      | |    5.1.4      |                       |
 264  |     |       |      |      | |           OpenBSD 5.1                 |
 265  |     |       |   Mac OS X  | `----.          |                       |
 266  |     |       |     10.8    |       \         |                       |
 267  |     |       |      |   NetBSD 6.0  |        |                       |
 268  |     |       |      |      | | |    |    OpenBSD 5.2         DragonFly 3.2.1
 269  |  FreeBSD    |      |      | | | NetBSD      |                       |
 270  |    9.1      |      |      | | |   5.2       |                       |
 271  |     |       |      |      | | |    |        |                       |
 272  |     |       |      |      | | | NetBSD      |                       |
 273  |     |       |      |      | | |  5.2.1      |                       |
 274  |     |       |      |      | | |    |        |                       |
 275  |     |       |      |      | | | NetBSD      |                       |
 276  |     |       |      |      | | |  5.2.2      |                       |
 277  |     |       |      |      | | |             |                       |
 278  |     |       |      |      | |  \            |                       |
 279  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 280  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.1      |                       |
 281  |     |       |      |      | |      |   OpenBSD 5.3          DragonFly 3.4.1
 282  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 283  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.2      |                       |
 284  |     |       |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 285  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 286  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.3      |                       |
 287  |     |       |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 288  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 289  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.4      |                       |
 290  |     |       |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 291  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 292  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.5      |                       |
 293  |     |       |      |      | |      |        |                       |
 294  |     |       |      |      | |   NetBSD      |                       |
 295  |     |       |      |      | |    6.0.6      |                       |
 296  |     |       |      |      | |               |                       |
 297  |     |       |      |      | |`-NetBSD 6.1   |                       |
 298  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |       |         |                       |
 299  |     |      8.4     |      |    NetBSD 6.1.1 |                       |
 300  |     |              |      |       |         |                       |
 301  |  FreeBSD           |      |    NetBSD 6.1.2 |                       |
 302  |    9.2          Mac OS X  |       |         |                       |
 303  |     |             10.9    |       |    OpenBSD 5.4                  |
 304  |     `-----.        |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.6.0
 305  |            \       |      |       |         |                       |
 306  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |    NetBSD 6.1.3 |                       |
 307  |   10.0      |      |      |       |         |                       |
 308  |     |       |      |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.6.1
 309  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 310  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 311  |     |       |      |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.6.2
 312  |     |       |      |      |    NetBSD 6.1.4 |                       |
 313  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 314  |     |       |      |      |       |    OpenBSD 5.5                  |
 315  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 316  |     |       |      |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.8.0
 317  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 318  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 319  |     |       |      |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.8.1
 320  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 321  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 322  |     |       |      |      |       |         |               DragonFly 3.6.3
 323  |     |       |      |      |       |         |                       |
 324  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |       |         |                       |
 325  |     |      9.3     |      |       |         |                       |
 326  |     |              |      |    NetBSD 6.1.5 |               DragonFly 3.8.2
 327  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 328  |     |             10.10   |                 |                       |
 329  |     |              |      |            OpenBSD 5.6                  |
 330  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 331  |   10.1             |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.1
 332  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 333  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.2
 334  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 335  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.3
 336  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 337  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.4
 338  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 339  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.5
 340  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 341  |     |              |      |            OpenBSD 5.7                  |
 342  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.2.0
 343  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 344  |   10.2             |      |                 |                       |
 345  |     |            macOS  NetBSD 7.0          |                       |
 346  |     |            10.11   | | |         OpenBSD 5.8                  |
 347  |     |              |     | | `--.           |               DragonFly 4.4.1
 348  |  FreeBSD           |     | |    |      OpenBSD 5.9                  |
 349  |   10.3             |     | |    |           |                       |
 350  |     |              |     | | NetBSD 7.0.1   |                       |
 351  |     `------.       |     | |    |           |               DragonFly 4.6.0
 352  |            |       |     | |    |           |                       |
 353  |            |       |     | |    |           |                       |
 354  *--FreeBSD   |     macOS   | |    |      OpenBSD 6.0                  |
 355  |   11.0     |     10.12   | | NetBSD 7.0.2   |                       |
 356  |     |      |       |     | |                |                       |
 357  |     |      |       |     | *- NetBSD 7.1    |                       |
 358  |     |      |       |     |      |           |                       |
 359  |     |      |       |     |      |           |                       |
 360  |     |      |     macOS   |      |           |               DragonFly 4.8.0
 361  |     |      |     10.13   |      |      OpenBSD 6.1                  |
 362  |  FreeBSD   |       |     |      |           |               DragonFly 5.0.0
 363  |   11.1  FreeBSD    |     |      |           |                       |
 364  |     |    10.4      |     |      |      OpenBSD 6.2          DragonFly 5.0.1
 365  |     |              |     |      |           |                       |
 366  |     |              |     |  NetBSD 7.1.1    |               DragonFly 5.0.2
 367  |     |              |     |      |           |                       |
 368  |     |              |     |  NetBSD 7.1.2    |                       |
 369  |     |              |     |      |           |                       |
 370  |     |              |     |      |      OpenBSD 6.3                  |
 371  |     |              |     |      |           |               DragonFly 5.2.0
 372  |     |              |     |      v           |                       |
 373  |     v              |     |                  |                       |
 374  |                    |     |                  |                       |
 375 FreeBSD 12 -current   | NetBSD -current   OpenBSD -current    DragonFly -current
 376  |                    |     |                  |                       |
 377  v                    v     v                  v                       v
 378
 379 Time
 380 ----------------
 381
 382 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
 383 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
 384
 385 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
 386         and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
 387         the 4.4BSD Operating System.
 388 [APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/]
 389 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
 390 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
 391 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
 392 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
 393 [KB]  Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
 394         Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
 395 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
 396         comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
 397 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
 398         Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
 399         Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
 400 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
 401 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
 402 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
 403 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
 404 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society.  http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
 405 [USE] Usenet announcement.
 406 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
 407 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
 408
 409 Multics                 1965
 410 UNIX                    Summer 1969
 411                                 DEC PDP-7
 412 First   Edition         1971-11-03 [QCU]
 413                                 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
 414 Second  Edition         1972-06-12 [QCU]
 415                                 10 UNIX installations
 416 Third   Edition         1973-02-xx [QCU]
 417                                 Pipes, 16 installations
 418 Fourth  Edition         1973-11-xx [QCU]
 419                                 rewriting in C effected,
 420                                 above 30 installations
 421 Fifth   Edition         1974-06-xx [QCU]
 422                                 above 50 installations
 423 Sixth   Edition         1975-05-xx [QCU]
 424                                 port to DEC Vax
 425 Seventh Edition         1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS]
 426                                 first portable UNIX
 427 Eighth  Edition         1985-02-xx [QCU]
 428                                 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
 429                                 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
 430                                 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
 431                         scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
 432                         and networking part by the streams mechanism
 433
 434 Ninth   Edition         1986-09-xx [QCU]
 435 Tenth   Edition         1989-10-xx [QCU]
 436
 437 1BSD                    late 1977
 438                         1978-03-09 [QCU]
 439                                 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
 440                                 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
 441                                 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
 442 2BSD                    mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
 443                                 75 2BSD tapes shipped
 444 2.79BSD                 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
 445 2.8BSD                  1981-07-xx [KSJ]
 446
 447 2.8.1BSD                1982-01-xx [QCU]
 448                                 set of performance improvements
 449 2.9BSD                  1983-07-xx [KSJ]
 450 2.9.1BSD                1983-11-xx [TUHS]
 451 2.9BSD-Seismo           1985-08-xx [SMS]
 452 2.10BSD                 1987-04-xx [KKK]
 453 2.10.1BSD               1989-01-xx [SMS]
 454 2.11BSD                 1992-02-xx [SMS]
 455 2.11BSD rev #430        1999-12-13 [SMS]
 456
 457 32V                     1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS]
 458 3BSD                    late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
 459                                 virtual memory, page replacement,
 460                                 demand paging
 461 4.0BSD                  1980-10-xx
 462 4.1BSD                  1981-07-08 [DOC]
 463 4.1aBSD                 1982-04-xx
 464                                 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
 465 4.1bBSD                         internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
 466 4.1cBSD                 late 1982
 467                                 beta release, IPC [44B]
 468 4.2BSD                  1983-09-xx [QCU]
 469                         1983-08-03 [DOC]
 470 4.3BSD                  1986-06-xx [QCU]
 471                         1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
 472 4.3BSD Tahoe            1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
 473 4.3BSD NET/1            1988-11-xx [QCU]
 474                         1989-01-01 [DOC]
 475 4.3BSD Reno             1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
 476 4.3BSD NET/2            1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
 477
 478 BSD/386 ALPHA           1991-12-xx [BSDI]
 479                                 first code released to people outside BSDI
 480 386BSD 0.0              1992-02-xx [DOC]
 481 BSD/386 0.3.1           1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
 482 BSD/386 0.3.3           1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
 483 386BSD 0.1              1992-07-28 [DOC]
 484 4.4BSD Alpha            1992-07-07
 485 BSD/386 0.9.3           1992-10-xx [BSDI]
 486                                 first external gamma; G customers
 487 BSD/386 0.9.4           1992-12-xx [BSDI]
 488                                 would have been 1.0 except for request
 489                                 for preliminary injunction
 490 BSD/386 1.0             1993-03-xx [BSDI]
 491                                 injunction denied; first official release
 492 NetBSD 0.8              1993-04-20 [NBD]
 493 4.4BSD                  1993-06-01 [USE]
 494 NetBSD 0.9              1993-08-23 [NBD]
 495 FreeBSD 1.0             1993-11-01 [FBD]
 496 FreeBSD 1.0.2           1993-11-14 [FBD]
 497                                 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
 498 BSD/386 1.1             1994-02-xx [BSDI]
 499 4.4BSD Lite             1994-03-01 [USE]
 500 FreeBSD 1.1             1994-05-07 [FBD]
 501 FreeBSD 1.1.5           1994-06-30 [FBD]
 502 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1         1994-07-05 [FBD]
 503                                 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
 504 NetBSD 1.0              1994-10-26 [NBD]
 505 386BSD 1.0              1994-11-12 [USE]
 506 FreeBSD 2.0             1994-11-23 [FBD]
 507 BSD/OS 2.0              1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
 508 FreeBSD 2.0.5           1995-06-10 [FBD]
 509 BSD/OS 2.0.1            1995-06-xx [BSDI]
 510 4.4BSD Lite Release 2   1995-06-xx [44B]
 511                                 the true final distribution from the CSRG
 512 FreeBSD 2.1.0           1995-11-19 [FBD]
 513 NetBSD 1.1              1995-11-26 [NBD]
 514 BSD/OS 2.1              1996-01-xx [BSDI]
 515 FreeBSD 2.1.5           1996-07-14 [FBD]
 516 NetBSD 1.2              1996-10-04 [NBD]
 517 OpenBSD 2.0             1996-10-18 [OBD]
 518 FreeBSD 2.1.6           1996-11-16 [FBD]
 519 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1         1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
 520 Rhapsody                1997-xx-xx
 521 FreeBSD 2.1.7           1997-02-20 [FBD]
 522 BSD/OS 3.0              1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
 523 FreeBSD 2.2.0           1997-03-16 [FBD]
 524 FreeBSD 2.2.1           1997-03-25 [FBD]
 525 FreeBSD 2.2.2           1997-05-16 [FBD]
 526 NetBSD 1.2.1            1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
 527 OpenBSD 2.1             1997-06-01 [OBD]
 528 FreeBSD 2.2.5           1997-10-22 [FBD]
 529 OpenBSD 2.2             1997-12-01 [OBD]
 530 NetBSD 1.3              1998-01-04 [NBD]
 531 FreeBSD 2.2.6           1998-03-25 [FBD]
 532 NetBSD 1.3.1            1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
 533 BSD/OS 3.1              1998-03-xx [BSDI]
 534 OpenBSD 2.3             1998-05-19 [OBD]
 535 NetBSD 1.3.2            1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
 536 FreeBSD 2.2.7           1998-07-22 [FBD]
 537 BSD/OS 4.0              1998-08-xx [BSDI]
 538                                 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
 539 FreeBSD 3.0             1998-10-16 [FBD]
 540                                 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
 541                                 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
 542                                 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
 543 FreeBSD 2.2.8           1998-11-29 [FBD]
 544 OpenBSD 2.4             1998-12-01 [OBD]
 545 NetBSD 1.3.3            1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
 546 FreeBSD 3.1             1999-02-15 [FBD]
 547 BSD/OS 4.0.1            1999-03-xx [BSDI]
 548 NetBSD 1.4              1999-05-12 [NBD]
 549 FreeBSD 3.2             1999-05-17 [FBD]
 550 OpenBSD 2.5             1999-05-19 [OBD]
 551 NetBSD 1.4.1            1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
 552 FreeBSD 3.3             1999-09-17 [FBD]
 553 OpenBSD 2.6             1999-12-01 [OBD]
 554 FreeBSD 3.4             1999-12-20 [FBD]
 555 BSD/OS 4.1              1999-12-xx [BSDI]
 556 FreeBSD 4.0             2000-03-13 [FBD]
 557 NetBSD 1.4.2            2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
 558 OpenBSD 2.7             2000-06-15 [OBD]
 559 FreeBSD 3.5             2000-06-24 [FBD]
 560 FreeBSD 4.1             2000-07-27 [FBD]
 561 FreeBSD 3.5.1           2000-07-28 [FBD]
 562 FreeBSD 4.1.1           2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
 563 FreeBSD 4.2             2000-11-21 [FBD]
 564 NetBSD 1.4.3            2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
 565 BSD/OS 4.2              2000-11-29 [BSDI]
 566 OpenBSD 2.8             2000-12-01 [OBD]
 567 NetBSD 1.5              2000-12-06 [NBD]
 568 Mac OS X 10.0           2001-03-24 [APL]
 569 FreeBSD 4.3             2001-04-20 [FBD]
 570 OpenBSD 2.9             2001-06-01 [OBD]
 571 NetBSD 1.5.1            2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
 572 NetBSD 1.5.2            2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
 573 FreeBSD 4.4             2001-09-18 [FBD]
 574 Mac OS X 10.1           2001-09-29 [APL]
 575 OpenBSD 3.0             2001-12-01 [OBD]
 576 FreeBSD 4.5             2002-01-29 [FBD]
 577 BSD/OS 4.3              2002-03-14 [WRS]
 578 OpenBSD 3.1             2002-05-19 [OBD]
 579 FreeBSD 4.6             2002-06-15 [FBD]
 580 NetBSD 1.5.3            2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
 581 FreeBSD 4.6.2           2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
 582 Mac OS X 10.2           2002-08-23 [APL]
 583 NetBSD 1.6              2002-09-14 [NBD]
 584 FreeBSD 4.7             2002-10-08 [FBD]
 585 OpenBSD 3.2             2002-11-01 [OBD]
 586 FreeBSD 5.0             2003-01-17 [FBD]
 587                                 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
 588                                 -current, similar to 3.0.
 589 FreeBSD 4.8             2003-04-03 [FBD]
 590 NetBSD 1.6.1            2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
 591 OpenBSD 3.3             2003-05-01 [OBD]
 592 BSD/OS 5.0              2003-05-?? [WRS]
 593 FreeBSD 5.1             2003-06-09 [FBD]
 594 Mac OS X 10.3           2003-10-24 [APL]
 595 FreeBSD 4.9             2003-10-28 [FBD]
 596 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE          2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
 597 OpenBSD 3.4             2003-11-01 [OBD]
 598 FreeBSD 5.2             2004-01-12 [FBD]
 599 FreeBSD 5.2.1           2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
 600 NetBSD 1.6.2            2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
 601 OpenBSD 3.5             2004-04-01 [OBD]
 602 FreeBSD 4.10            2004-05-27 [FBD]
 603 DragonFly 1.0           2004-07-12 [DFB]
 604 OpenBSD 3.6             2004-10-29 [OBD]
 605 FreeBSD 5.3             2004-11-06 [FBD]
 606 NetBSD 2.0              2004-12-09 [NBD]
 607 FreeBSD 4.11            2005-01-25 [FBD]
 608 DragonFly 1.2.0         2005-04-08 [DFB]
 609 NetBSD 2.0.2            2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 610 Mac OS X 10.4           2005-04-29 [APL]
 611 FreeBSD 5.4             2005-05-09 [FBD]
 612 OpenBSD 3.7             2005-05-19 [OBD]
 613 NetBSD 2.0.3            2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 614 OpenBSD 3.8             2005-11-01 [OBD]
 615 FreeBSD 6.0             2005-11-01 [FBD]
 616 NetBSD 2.1              2005-11-02 [NBD]
 617 NetBSD 3.0              2005-12-23 [NBD]
 618 DragonFly 1.4.0         2006-01-08 [DFB]
 619 FreeBSD 2.2.9           2006-04-01 [FBD]
 620 OpenBSD 3.9             2006-05-01 [OBD]
 621 FreeBSD 6.1             2006-05-08 [FBD]
 622 FreeBSD 5.5             2006-05-25 [FBD]
 623 NetBSD 3.0.1            2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 624 DragonFly 1.6.0         2006-07-24 [DFB]
 625 OpenBSD 4.0             2006-11-01 [OBD]
 626 NetBSD 3.0.2            2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 627 NetBSD 3.1              2006-11-04 [NBD]
 628 FreeBSD 6.2             2007-01-15 [FBD]
 629 DragonFly 1.8.0         2007-01-30 [DFB]
 630 OpenBSD 4.1             2007-05-01 [OBD]
 631 DragonFly 1.10.0        2007-08-06 [DFB]
 632 Mac OS X 10.5           2007-10-26 [APL]
 633 OpenBSD 4.2             2007-11-01 [OBD]
 634 NetBSD 4.0              2007-12-19 [NBD]
 635 FreeBSD 6.3             2008-01-18 [FBD]
 636 DragonFly 1.12.0        2008-02-26 [DFB]
 637 FreeBSD 7.0             2008-02-27 [FBD]
 638 OpenBSD 4.3             2008-05-01 [OBD]
 639 DragonFly 2.0.0         2008-07-21 [DFB]
 640 OpenBSD 4.4             2008-11-01 [OBD]
 641 FreeBSD 6.4             2008-11-28 [FBD]
 642 FreeBSD 7.1             2009-01-04 [FBD]
 643 DragonFly 2.2.0         2009-02-17 [DFB]
 644 NetBSD 5.0              2009-04-29 [NBD]
 645 OpenBSD 4.5             2009-05-01 [OBD]
 646 FreeBSD 7.2             2009-05-04 [FBD]
 647 Mac OS X 10.6           2009-06-08 [APL]
 648 NetBSD 5.0.1            2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 649 DragonFly 2.4.0         2009-09-16 [DFB]
 650 OpenBSD 4.6             2009-10-18 [OBD]
 651 FreeBSD 8.0             2009-11-26 [FBD]
 652 NetBSD 5.0.2            2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 653 FreeBSD 7.3             2010-03-23 [FBD]
 654 DragonFly 2.6.0         2010-03-28 [DFB]
 655 OpenBSD 4.7             2010-05-19 [OBD]
 656 FreeBSD 8.1             2010-07-24 [FBD]
 657 DragonFly 2.8.2         2010-10-30 [DFB]
 658 OpenBSD 4.8             2010-11-01 [OBD]
 659 NetBSD 5.1              2010-11-19 [NBD]
 660 FreeBSD 7.4             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 661 FreeBSD 8.2             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 662 DragonFly 2.10.1        2011-04-26 [DFB]
 663 OpenBSD 4.9             2011-05-01 [OBD]
 664 Mac OS X 10.7           2011-07-20 [APL]
 665 OpenBSD 5.0             2011-11-01 [OBD]
 666 FreeBSD 9.0             2012-01-12 [FBD]
 667 NetBSD 5.1.2            2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 668 DragonFly 3.0.1         2012-02-21 [DFB]
 669 FreeBSD 8.3             2012-04-18 [FBD]
 670 OpenBSD 5.1             2012-05-01 [OBD]
 671 Mac OS X 10.8           2012-07-25 [APL]
 672 NetBSD 6.0              2012-10-17 [NBD]
 673 OpenBSD 5.2             2012-11-01 [OBD]
 674 DragonFly 3.2.1         2012-11-02 [DFB]
 675 NetBSD 5.2              2012-12-03 [NBD]
 676 NetBSD 6.0.1            2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 677 FreeBSD 9.1             2012-12-30 [FBD]
 678 DragonFly 3.4.1         2013-04-29 [DFB]
 679 OpenBSD 5.3             2013-05-01 [OBD]
 680 NetBSD 6.0.2            2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 681 NetBSD 6.1              2013-05-18 [NBD]
 682 FreeBSD 8.4             2013-06-07 [FBD]
 683 NetBSD 6.1.1            2013-08-22 [NBD]
 684 NetBSD 5.1.3            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 685 NetBSD 5.2.1            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 686 FreeBSD 9.2             2013-09-30 [FBD]
 687 NetBSD 6.0.3            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 688 NetBSD 6.1.2            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 689 Mac OS X 10.9           2013-10-22 [APL]
 690 OpenBSD 5.4             2013-11-01 [OBD]
 691 DragonFly 3.6.0         2013-11-25 [DFB]
 692 FreeBSD 10.0            2014-01-20 [FBD]
 693 NetBSD 5.1.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 694 NetBSD 5.2.2            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 695 NetBSD 6.0.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 696 NetBSD 6.1.3            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 697 DragonFly 3.6.1         2014-02-22 [DFB]
 698 DragonFly 3.6.2         2014-04-10 [DFB]
 699 NetBSD 6.0.5            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 700 NetBSD 6.1.4            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 701 OpenBSD 5.5             2014-05-01 [OBD]
 702 DragonFly 3.8.0         2014-06-04 [DFB]
 703 DragonFly 3.8.1         2014-06-16 [DFB]
 704 DragonFly 3.6.3         2014-06-17 [DFB]
 705 FreeBSD 9.3             2014-07-05 [FBD]
 706 DragonFly 3.8.2         2014-08-08 [DFB]
 707 NetBSD 6.0.6            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 708 NetBSD 6.1.5            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 709 Mac OS X 10.10          2014-10-16 [APL]
 710 OpenBSD 5.6             2014-11-01 [OBD]
 711 FreeBSD 10.1            2014-11-14 [FBD]
 712 DragonFly 4.0.1         2014-11-25 [DFB]
 713 DragonFly 4.0.2         2015-01-07 [DFB]
 714 DragonFly 4.0.3         2015-01-21 [DFB]
 715 DragonFly 4.0.4         2015-03-09 [DFB]
 716 DragonFly 4.0.5         2015-03-23 [DFB]
 717 OpenBSD 5.7             2015-05-01 [OBD]
 718 DragonFly 4.2.0         2015-06-29 [DFB]
 719 FreeBSD 10.2            2015-08-13 [FBD]
 720 NetBSD 7.0              2015-09-25 [NBD]
 721 OS X 10.11              2015-09-30 [APL]
 722 OpenBSD 5.8             2015-10-18 [OBD]
 723 DragonFly 4.4.1         2015-12-07 [DFB]
 724 OpenBSD 5.9             2016-03-29 [OBD]
 725 FreeBSD 10.3            2016-04-04 [FBD]
 726 NetBSD 7.0.1            2016-05-22 [NBD]
 727 DragonFly 4.6.0         2016-08-02 [DFB]
 728 OpenBSD 6.0             2016-09-01 [OBD]
 729 macOS 10.12             2016-09-20 [APL]
 730 FreeBSD 11.0            2016-10-10 [FBD]
 731 NetBSD 7.0.2            2016-10-21 [NBD]
 732 NetBSD 7.1              2017-03-11 [NBD]
 733 DragonFly 4.8.0         2017-03-27 [DFB]
 734 OpenBSD 6.1             2017-04-11 [OBD]
 735 FreeBSD 11.1            2017-07-26 [FBD]
 736 macOS 10.13             2017-09-25 [APL]
 737 FreeBSD 10.4            2017-10-03 [FBD]
 738 OpenBSD 6.2             2017-10-09 [OBD]
 739 DragonFly 5.0.0         2017-10-16 [DFB]
 740 DragonFly 5.0.1         2017-11-06 [DFB]
 741 DragonFly 5.0.2         2017-12-04 [DFB]
 742 NetBSD 7.1.1            2017-12-22 [NBD]
 743 NetBSD 7.1.2            2018-03-15 [NBD]
 744 OpenBSD 6.3             2018-04-02 [OBD]
 745 DragonFly 5.2.0         2018-04-10 [DFB]
 746
 747 Bibliography
 748 ------------------------
 749
 750 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
 751 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
 752 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
 753
 754 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
 755 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
 756
 757 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
 758 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
 759 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
 760
 761 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
 762 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
 763 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
 764
 765 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The
 766 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition.
 767 Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2
 768
 769 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
 770
 771 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
 772 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
 773 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
 774
 775 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
 776 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
 777
 778 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
 779 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
 780
 781 BSD Release Announcements collection.
 782 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
 783
 784 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
 785 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
 786
 787 UNIX history graphing project
 788 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
 789
 790 UNIX history
 791 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
 792
 793 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
 794 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
 795 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
 796
 797
 798 Acknowledgments
 799 ---------------
 800
 801 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
 802 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
 803
 804 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
 805
 806 --
 807 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
 808 URL: http://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
 809
 810 $FreeBSD$