1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2 ---------------------------------------------
14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
18 Seventh Edition (V7) |
22 \ 2BSD---------------*
30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
32 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
38 Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
44 Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
57 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
67 FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69 FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
71 FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ |
73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ |
74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
78 FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1
87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | |
107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | |
118 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
130 FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | |
146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
151 | | | Mac OS X | | | |
152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | |
157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | |
159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | |
160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 |
161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | |
162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | |
163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0
165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 |
169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5
171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | |
173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | |
175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
179 FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0
181 | ----- Mac OS X | | |
185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | |
187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | |
188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 |
189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | |
190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0
191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | |
193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | |
194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 |
195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | |
197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 |
200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | |
202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | |
203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0
204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 |
205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | |
207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | |
208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0
210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 |
211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | |
212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | |
213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | |
214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0
215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 |
216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0
219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 |
220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | |
221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | |
223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0
225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 |
226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0
227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 |
230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | |
231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0
232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 |
235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | |
237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0
238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 |
240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | |
241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | |
242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | |
243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0
244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 |
245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | |
247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2
248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 |
249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | |
250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | |
251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1
252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 |
253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | |
255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 |
256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | |
257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1
258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | |
260 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | |
263 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | |
265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 |
266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | |
268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | |
270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1
271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | |
272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | |
274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | |
275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | |
277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | |
278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | |
281 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | |
283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1
284 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | |
287 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | |
290 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | |
293 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | |
296 | | | | | | NetBSD | |
297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | |
299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | |
301 | | FreeBSD | | | | |
302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | |
305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | |
308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 |
309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0
311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | |
312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | |
314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1
317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2
321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 |
323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0
326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1
329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3
331 | | FreeBSD | | | | |
333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2
337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 |
339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1
341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2
343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3
345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4
347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5
349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 |
350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0
353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | |
354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 |
355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1
356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 |
360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0
363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 |
364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | |
365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | |
367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | |
371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0
372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 |
373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0
374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | |
375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1
377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2
381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. |
383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 |
384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0
386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1
388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2
389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | |
392 | | 10.14 | | | OpenBSD 6.4 |
394 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0
395 *--FreeBSD | | | | v | |
396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1
397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 |
400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6
402 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1
403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | |
405 | FreeBSD | | OpenBSD 6.6 |
407 | | 10.15.1 | | DragonFly 5.6.2
410 FreeBSD 13 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current
417 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
418 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
420 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
421 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
422 the 4.4BSD Operating System.
423 [APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/]
424 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
425 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
426 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
427 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
428 [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
429 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
430 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
431 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
432 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
433 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
434 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
435 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
436 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
437 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
438 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
439 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
440 [USE] Usenet announcement.
441 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
442 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
447 First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
448 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
449 Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
450 10 UNIX installations
451 Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
452 Pipes, 16 installations
453 Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
454 rewriting in C effected,
455 above 30 installations
456 Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
457 above 50 installations
458 Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
460 Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS]
462 Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
463 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
464 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
465 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
466 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
467 and networking part by the streams mechanism
469 Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
470 Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
474 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
475 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
476 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
477 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
478 75 2BSD tapes shipped
479 2.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
480 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
482 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
483 set of performance improvements
484 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
485 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS]
486 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
487 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
488 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
489 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
490 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
492 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS]
493 3BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
494 virtual memory, page replacement,
497 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
499 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
500 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
502 beta release, IPC [44B]
503 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
505 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
506 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
507 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
508 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
510 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
511 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
513 BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
514 first code released to people outside BSDI
515 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
516 BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
517 BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
518 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
519 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
520 BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
521 first external gamma; G customers
522 BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
523 would have been 1.0 except for request
524 for preliminary injunction
525 BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
526 injunction denied; first official release
527 NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
528 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
529 NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
530 FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
531 FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD]
532 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
533 BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
534 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
535 FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD]
536 FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD]
537 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD]
538 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
539 NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
540 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
541 FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD]
542 BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
543 FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
544 BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
545 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
546 the true final distribution from the CSRG
547 FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
548 NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
549 BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
550 FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
551 NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
552 OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
553 FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
554 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
556 FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
557 BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
558 FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
559 FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
560 FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
561 NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
562 OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
563 FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
564 OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
565 NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
566 FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
567 NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
568 BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
569 OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
570 NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
571 FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
572 BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
573 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
574 FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
575 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
576 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
577 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
578 FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
579 OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
580 NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
581 FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
582 BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
583 NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
584 FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
585 OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
586 NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
587 FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
588 OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
589 FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
590 BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
591 FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
592 NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
593 OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
594 FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
595 FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
596 FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
597 FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
598 FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
599 NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
600 BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
601 OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
602 NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
603 Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
604 FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
605 OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
606 NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
607 NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
608 FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
609 Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
610 OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
611 FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
612 BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
613 OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
614 FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
615 NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
616 FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
617 Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
618 NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
619 FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
620 OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD]
621 FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD]
622 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
623 -current, similar to 3.0.
624 FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD]
625 NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
626 OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD]
627 BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS]
628 FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD]
629 Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL]
630 FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD]
631 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
632 OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD]
633 FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD]
634 FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
635 NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
636 OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD]
637 FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD]
638 DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB]
639 OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD]
640 FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD]
641 NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD]
642 FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD]
643 DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB]
644 NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
645 Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL]
646 FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD]
647 OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD]
648 NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
649 OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD]
650 FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD]
651 NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD]
652 NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD]
653 DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB]
654 FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD]
655 OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD]
656 FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD]
657 FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD]
658 NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
659 DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB]
660 OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD]
661 NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
662 NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD]
663 FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD]
664 DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB]
665 OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD]
666 DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB]
667 Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL]
668 OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD]
669 NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD]
670 FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD]
671 DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB]
672 FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD]
673 OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD]
674 DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB]
675 OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD]
676 FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD]
677 FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD]
678 DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB]
679 NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD]
680 OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD]
681 FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD]
682 Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL]
683 NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
684 DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB]
685 OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD]
686 FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD]
687 NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release)
688 FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD]
689 DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB]
690 OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD]
691 FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD]
692 DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB]
693 OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD]
694 NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD]
695 FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD]
696 FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD]
697 DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB]
698 OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD]
699 Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL]
700 OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD]
701 FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD]
702 NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
703 DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB]
704 FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD]
705 OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD]
706 Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL]
707 NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD]
708 OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD]
709 DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB]
710 NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD]
711 NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release)
712 FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD]
713 DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB]
714 OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD]
715 NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release)
716 NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD]
717 FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD]
718 NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD]
719 NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD]
720 NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD]
721 FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD]
722 NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD]
723 NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD]
724 Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL]
725 OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD]
726 DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB]
727 FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD]
728 NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD]
729 NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD]
730 NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD]
731 NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD]
732 DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB]
733 DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB]
734 NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD]
735 NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD]
736 OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD]
737 DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB]
738 DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB]
739 DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB]
740 FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD]
741 DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB]
742 NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD]
743 NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD]
744 Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL]
745 OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD]
746 FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD]
747 DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB]
748 DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB]
749 DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB]
750 DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB]
751 DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB]
752 OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD]
753 DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB]
754 FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD]
755 NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD]
756 OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL]
757 OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD]
758 DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB]
759 OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD]
760 FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD]
761 NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD]
762 DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB]
763 OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD]
764 macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL]
765 FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD]
766 NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD]
767 NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD]
768 DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB]
769 OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD]
770 FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD]
771 macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL]
772 FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD]
773 OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD]
774 DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB]
775 DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB]
776 DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB]
777 NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD]
778 NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD]
779 OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD]
780 DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB]
781 DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB]
782 DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB]
783 FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD]
784 NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD]
785 NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD]
786 macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL]
787 OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD]
788 DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB]
789 FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD]
790 DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB]
791 OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD]
792 NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD]
793 DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB]
794 DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB]
795 FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD]
796 DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB]
797 OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD]
798 macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL]
799 macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release)
800 FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD]
803 ------------------------
805 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
806 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
807 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
809 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
810 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
812 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
813 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
814 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
816 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
817 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
818 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
820 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The
821 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition.
822 Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2
824 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
826 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
827 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
828 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
830 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
831 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
833 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
834 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
836 BSD Release Announcements collection.
837 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
839 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
840 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
842 UNIX history graphing project
843 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
846 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
848 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
849 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
850 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
856 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
857 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
859 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
862 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
863 URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree