share/misc/bsd-family-tree

   1 The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
   2 ---------------------------------------------
   3
   4 First Edition (V1)
   5      |
   6 Second Edition (V2)
   7      |
   8 Third Edition (V3)
   9      |
  10 Fourth Edition (V4)
  11      |
  12 Fifth Edition (V5)
  13      |
  14 Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
  15        \                |
  16         \               |
  17          \              |
  18 Seventh Edition (V7)    |
  19             \           |
  20              \        1BSD
  21              32V        |
  22                \      2BSD---------------*
  23                 \    /                   |
  24                  \  /                    |
  25                   \/                     |
  26                  3BSD                    |
  27                   |                      |
  28                4.0BSD                2.79BSD
  29                   |                      |
  30                4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
  31                   |                      |
  32               4.1aBSD -----------\       |
  33                   |                \     |
  34               4.1bBSD                \   |
  35                   |                    \ |
  36       *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
  37      /            |                      |
  38 Eighth Edition    |                   2.9BSD-Seismo
  39      |            |                      |
  40      +----<--- 4.2BSD               2.9.1BSD
  41      |            |                      |
  42      +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
  43      |            |               /      |
  44 Ninth Edition     |              / 2.10.1BSD
  45      |         4.3BSD Tahoe-----+        |
  46      |            |              \       |
  47      |            |                \     |
  48      v            |                  2.11BSD
  49 Tenth Edition     |                      |
  50                   |                  2.11BSD rev #430
  51                4.3BSD NET/1              |
  52                   |                      v
  53                4.3BSD Reno
  54                   |
  55    *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
  56    |                    |                      |             |
  57 386BSD 0.0              |                      |           BSD/386 ALPHA
  58    |                    |                      |             |
  59 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+                      |           BSD/386 0.3.[13]
  60    |     \              |                  4.4BSD Alpha      |
  61    |     386BSD 1.0     |                      |           BSD/386 0.9.[34]
  62    |                    |                  4.4BSD            |
  63    |                    |                    / |             |
  64    |                    |   4.4BSD-Encumbered  |             |
  65    |                -NetBSD 0.8                |           BSD/386 1.0
  66    |               /    |                      |             |
  67 FreeBSD 1.0 <-----'     *--NetBSD 0.9          |           BSD/386 1.1
  68    |                    |           .----- 4.4BSD Lite       |
  69 FreeBSD 1.1             |          /     /     |     \       |
  70    |                    |         /     |      |      \      |
  71 FreeBSD 1.1.5       .---|--------'      |      |       \     |
  72    |               /    |               |      |        \    |
  73 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1   /     |               |      |         \   |
  74    |             /      *--NetBSD 1.0 <-'      |          \  |
  75    |            /       |                      |           \ |
  76 FreeBSD 2.0 <--'        |                      |           BSD/OS 2.0
  77    |                     \                     |             |
  78 FreeBSD 2.0.5             \                    |           BSD/OS 2.0.1
  79    |                 .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2       |
  80    |                 |      \             |  |   |   |       |
  81    |                 | .-----|------Rhapsody |   |   |       |
  82    |                 | |     |        NetBSD 1.3 |   |       |
  83    |                 | |     |           OpenBSD 2.3 |       |
  84    |                 | |     |                BSD/OS 3.0     |
  85 FreeBSD 2.1          | |     |                               |
  86  |   |               | |     *--NetBSD 1.1 -.              BSD/OS 2.1
  87  | FreeBSD 2.1.5     | |     |               \               |
  88  |     |             | |     *--NetBSD 1.2    \            BSD/OS 3.0
  89  | FreeBSD 2.1.6     | |     |  \          OpenBSD 2.0       |
  90  |     |             | |     |   \             |             |
  91  | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1   | |     |    \            |             |
  92  |     |             | |     |     \           |             |
  93  | FreeBSD 2.1.7     | |     |      |          |             |
  94  |     |             | |     |  NetBSD 1.2.1   |             |
  95  | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1   | |     |                 |             |
  96  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  97  |                   | |     |                 |             |
  98  *-FreeBSD 2.2       | |     |                 |             |
  99  |        \          | |     |                 |             |
 100  |     FreeBSD 2.2.1 | |     |                 |             |
 101  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 102  |     FreeBSD 2.2.2 | |     |             OpenBSD 2.1       |
 103  |         |         | |     |                 |             |
 104  |     FreeBSD 2.2.5 | |     |                 |             |
 105  |         |         | |     |             OpenBSD 2.2       |
 106  |         |         | |     *--NetBSD 1.3     |             |
 107  |     FreeBSD 2.2.6 | |     |    |            |             |
 108  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.1    |           BSD/OS 3.1
 109  |         |         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.3       |
 110  |         |         | |     | NetBSD 1.3.2    |             |
 111  |     FreeBSD 2.2.7 | |     |    |            |             |
 112  |         |         | |     |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.0
 113  |     FreeBSD 2.2.8 | |     |    |            |             |
 114  |         |         | |     |    |            |             |
 115  |         v         | |     |    |        OpenBSD 2.4       |
 116  |     FreeBSD 2.2.9 | |     |    |            |             |
 117  |                   | |     |    |            |             |
 118 FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* |     |    v            |             |
 119  |                     |     | NetBSD 1.3.3    |             |
 120  *---FreeBSD 3.1       |     |                 |             |
 121  |       |             |     |                 |           BSD/OS 4.0.1
 122  |   FreeBSD 3.2----*  |  .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5       |
 123  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 124  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 125  |       |          |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 126  |   FreeBSD 3.3    |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.1    |             |
 127  |       |          |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.6       |
 128  |   FreeBSD 3.4    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 129  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.1
 130 FreeBSD 4.0  |      |  |  |  | NetBSD 1.4.2    |             |
 131  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 132  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 133  |   FreeBSD 3.5    |  |  |  |    |        OpenBSD 2.7       |
 134  |           |      |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 135  |   FreeBSD 3.5.1  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 136  |                  |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 137  *---FreeBSD 4.1    |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 138  |      |           |  |  |  |    |            |             |
 139  |   FreeBSD 4.1.1  |  |  /  |    |            |             |
 140  |      |           |  | /   |    |            |             |
 141  |   FreeBSD 4.2   Darwin/   | NetBSD 1.4.3    |             |
 142  |      |         Mac OS X   |             OpenBSD 2.8     BSD/OS 4.2
 143  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 144  |      |             |      |                 |             |
 145  |      |           10.0     *--NetBSD 1.5     |             |
 146  |   FreeBSD 4.3      |      |    |            |             |
 147  |      |             |      |    |        OpenBSD 2.9       |
 148  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.5.1    |             |
 149  |      |             |      |    |            |             |
 150  |   FreeBSD 4.4-.    |      | NetBSD 1.5.2    |             |
 151  |      |        | Mac OS X  |    |            |             |
 152  |      |        |   10.1    |    |        OpenBSD 3.0       |
 153  |   FreeBSD 4.5 |    |      |    |            |             |
 154  |      |         \   |      |    |            |           BSD/OS 4.3
 155  |   FreeBSD 4.6   \  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.1       |
 156  |      |           \ |      | NetBSD 1.5.3    |             |
 157  |   FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X  |                 |             |
 158  |      |            10.2    |                 |             |
 159  |   FreeBSD 4.7      |      |                 |             |
 160  |      |             |      *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2       |
 161  |   FreeBSD 4.8      |      |    |            |             |
 162  |      |             |      | NetBSD 1.6.1    |             |
 163  |      |--------.    |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.3     BSD/OS 5.0
 164  |      |         \   |      |    |            |             |
 165  |   FreeBSD 4.9   |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.4     BSD/OS 5.1 ISE
 166  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 167  |      |          |  |      | NetBSD 1.6.2    |
 168  |      |          |  |      |    |            |
 169  |      |          |  |      |    |        OpenBSD 3.5
 170  |      |          |  |      |    v            |
 171  |   FreeBSD 4.10  |  |      |                 |
 172  |      |          |  |      |                 |
 173  |   FreeBSD 4.11  |  |      |                 |
 174  |                 |  |      |                 |
 175  |                  `-|------|-----------------|---------------------.
 176  |                    |      |                 |                      \
 177 FreeBSD 5.0           |      |                 |                       |
 178  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 179 FreeBSD 5.1           |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.0
 180  |          \         |      |                 |                       |
 181  |           ----- Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 182  |                   10.3    |                 |                       |
 183 FreeBSD 5.2           |      |                 |                       |
 184  |      |             |      |                 |                       |
 185  |   FreeBSD 5.2.1    |      |                 |                       |
 186  |                    |      |                 |                       |
 187  *-------FreeBSD 5.3  |      |                 |                       |
 188  |           |        |      |             OpenBSD 3.6                 |
 189  |           |        |      *--NetBSD 2.0     |                       |
 190  |           |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.2.0
 191  |           |     Mac OS X  | | NetBSD 2.0.2  |                       |
 192  |           |       10.4    | |  |            |                       |
 193  |       FreeBSD 5.4  |      | |  |            |                       |
 194  |           |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.7                 |
 195  |           |        |      | | NetBSD 2.0.3  |                       |
 196  |           |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 197  *--FreeBSD  |        |      | |  v        OpenBSD 3.8                 |
 198  |    6.0    |        |      | |               |                       |
 199  |     |     |        |      |  \              |                       |
 200  |     |     |        |      | NetBSD 2.1      |                       |
 201  |     |     |        |      |                 |                       |
 202  |     |     |        |      *--NetBSD 3.0     |                       |
 203  |     |     |        |      | |  |            |               DragonFly 1.4.0
 204  |     |     |        |      | |  |        OpenBSD 3.9                 |
 205  |  FreeBSD  |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 206  |    6.1    |        |      | |  |            |                       |
 207  |     |  FreeBSD 5.5 |      | |  |            |                       |
 208  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.1  |               DragonFly 1.6.0
 209  |     |              |      | |  |            |                       |
 210  |     |              |      | |  |        OpenBSD 4.0                 |
 211  |     |              |      | | NetBSD 3.0.2  |                       |
 212  |     |              |      | NetBSD 3.1      |                       |
 213  | FreeBSD 6.2        |      |                 |                       |
 214  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.8.0
 215  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.1                 |
 216  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 1.10.0
 217  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 218  |     |             10.5    |                 |                       |
 219  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 4.2                 |
 220  |     |              |      *--NetBSD 4.0     |                       |
 221  | FreeBSD 6.3        |      |    |            |                       |
 222  |            \       |      |    |            |                       |
 223  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |    |            |               DragonFly 1.12.0
 224  |    7.0      |      |      |    |            |                       |
 225  |     |       |      |      |    |        OpenBSD 4.3                 |
 226  |     |       |      |      | NetBSD          |               DragonFly 2.0.0
 227  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |  4.0.1      OpenBSD 4.4                 |
 228  |     |      6.4     |      |                 |                       |
 229  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 230  |  FreeBSD 7.1       |      |                 |                       |
 231  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 2.2.0
 232  |  FreeBSD 7.2       |      *--NetBSD     OpenBSD 4.5                 |
 233  |             \      |      |   5.0           |                       |
 234  |             \      |      |  / | \          |                       |
 235  |              |  Mac OS X  |  | |  \         |                       |
 236  |              |    10.6    |  | |   \        |                       |
 237  |              |     |      |  | | NetBSD     |               DragonFly 2.4.0
 238  |              |     |      |  | |  5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6                 |
 239  |              |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 240  *--FreeBSD     |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 241  |    8.0       |     |      |  | |    |       |                       |
 242  |     |     FreeBSD  |      |  | | NetBSD     |                       |
 243  |     |       7.3    |      |  | |  5.0.2     |               DragonFly 2.6.0
 244  |     |        |     |      |  | |        OpenBSD 4.7                 |
 245  |  FreeBSD     |     |      |  | |            |                       |
 246  |    8.1       |     |      |  | |            |                       |
 247  |     |        |     |      |  | |            |               DragonFly 2.8.2
 248  |     |        |     |      |  | |        OpenBSD 4.8                 |
 249  |     |        |     |      |  | *--NetBSD    |                       |
 250  |  FreeBSD  FreeBSD  |      |  |    5.1       |                       |
 251  |    8.2      7.4    |      |  |     |        |               DragonFly 2.10.1
 252  |     |              |      |  |     |    OpenBSD 4.9                 |
 253  |     `-----.     Mac OS X  |  |     |        |                       |
 254  |            \      10.7    |  |     |        |                       |
 255  |             |      |      |  |     |    OpenBSD 5.0                 |
 256  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |  |     |        |                       |
 257  |    9.0      |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |               DragonFly 3.0.1
 258  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |  |   5.1.2      |                       |
 259  |     |      8.3     |      |  |     |        |                       |
 260  |     |       |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |                       |
 261  |     |       |      |      |  |   5.1.3      |                       |
 262  |     |       |      |      |  |     |        |                       |
 263  |     |       |      |      |  |  NetBSD      |                       |
 264  |     |       |      |      |  |   5.1.4      |                       |
 265  |     |       |      |      |  |          OpenBSD 5.1                 |
 266  |     |       |   Mac OS X  |  `--------.     |                       |
 267  |     |       |     10.8    |           |     |                       |
 268  |     |       |      |      *--NetBSD   |     |                       |
 269  |     |       |      |      |    6.0    |     |                       |
 270  |     |       |      |      |    | |    | OpenBSD 5.2         DragonFly 3.2.1
 271  |  FreeBSD    |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 272  |    9.1      |      |      |    | |   5.2    |                       |
 273  |     |       |      |      |    | |    |     |                       |
 274  |     |       |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 275  |     |       |      |      |    | |  5.2.1   |                       |
 276  |     |       |      |      |    | |    |     |                       |
 277  |     |       |      |      |    | | NetBSD   |                       |
 278  |     |       |      |      |    | |  5.2.2   |                       |
 279  |     |       |      |      |    | |          |                       |
 280  |     |       |      |      |    |  \         |                       |
 281  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 282  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.1   |                       |
 283  |     |       |      |      |    |      | OpenBSD 5.3         DragonFly 3.4.1
 284  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 285  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.2   |                       |
 286  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 287  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 288  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.3   |                       |
 289  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 290  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 291  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.4   |                       |
 292  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 293  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 294  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.5   |                       |
 295  |     |       |      |      |    |      |     |                       |
 296  |     |       |      |      |    |   NetBSD   |                       |
 297  |     |       |      |      |    |    6.0.6   |                       |
 298  |     |       |      |      |    |            |                       |
 299  |     |       |      |      |    *--NetBSD    |                       |
 300  |     |       |      |      |         6.1     |                       |
 301  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |          |      |                       |
 302  |     |      8.4     |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 303  |     |       |      |      |        6.1.1    |                       |
 304  |     |              |      |          |      |                       |
 305  |  FreeBSD           |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 306  |    9.2             |      |        6.1.2    |                       |
 307  |     |           Mac OS X  |          |      |                       |
 308  |     |             10.9    |          |  OpenBSD 5.4                 |
 309  |     `-----.        |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.0
 310  |            \       |      |          |      |                       |
 311  *--FreeBSD    |      |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 312  |   10.0      |      |      |        6.1.3    |                       |
 313  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 314  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.1
 315  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 316  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 317  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.2
 318  |     |       |      |      |       NetBSD    |                       |
 319  |     |       |      |      |        6.1.4    |                       |
 320  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 321  |     |       |      |      |          |  OpenBSD 5.5                 |
 322  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 323  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.8.0
 324  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 325  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 326  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.8.1
 327  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 328  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 329  |     |       |      |      |          |      |               DragonFly 3.6.3
 330  |     |       |      |      |          |      |                       |
 331  |     |    FreeBSD   |      |          |      |                       |
 332  |     |      9.3     |      |          |      |                       |
 333  |     |              |      |       NetBSD    |               DragonFly 3.8.2
 334  |     |              |      |        6.1.5    |                       |
 335  |     |           Mac OS X  |                 |                       |
 336  |     |             10.10   |                 |                       |
 337  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 5.6                 |
 338  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 339  |   10.1             |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.1
 340  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 341  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.2
 342  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 343  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.3
 344  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 345  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.4
 346  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 347  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.0.5
 348  |     |              |      |                 |                       |
 349  |     |              |      |             OpenBSD 5.7                 |
 350  |     |              |      |                 |               DragonFly 4.2.0
 351  |  FreeBSD           |      |                 |                       |
 352  |   10.2             |      |                 |                       |
 353  |     |            macOS    *--NetBSD 7.0     |                       |
 354  |     |            10.11    |   | |       OpenBSD 5.8                 |
 355  |     |              |      |   | `--.        |               DragonFly 4.4.1
 356  |  FreeBSD           |      |   |    |    OpenBSD 5.9                 |
 357  |   10.3             |      |   |    |        |                       |
 358  |     |              |      |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 359  |     |              |      |   |  7.0.1      |                       |
 360  |     `------.       |      |   |    |        |               DragonFly 4.6.0
 361  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 362  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 363  *--FreeBSD   |     macOS    |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.0                 |
 364  |   11.0     |     10.12    |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 365  |     |      |       |      |   |  7.0.2      |                       |
 366  |     |      |       |      |   |             |                       |
 367  |     |      |       |      |   *--NetBSD     |                       |
 368  |     |      |       |      |   |   7.1       |                       |
 369  |     |      |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 370  |     |      |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 371  |     |      |     macOS    |   |    |        |               DragonFly 4.8.0
 372  |     |      |     10.13    |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.1                 |
 373  |  FreeBSD   |       |      |   |    |        |               DragonFly 5.0.0
 374  |   11.1  FreeBSD    |      |   |    |        |                       |
 375  |     |    10.4      |      |   |    |    OpenBSD 6.2         DragonFly 5.0.1
 376  |     |              |      |   |    |        |                       |
 377  |     `------.       |      |   | NetBSD      |               DragonFly 5.0.2
 378  |            |       |      |   |  7.1.1      |                       |
 379  |            |       |      |   |    |        |                       |
 380  |            |       |      |   | NetBSD      |                       |
 381  |            |       |      |   |  7.1.2      `--.                    |
 382  |            |       |      |   |                |                    |
 383  |            |       |      |   `-----.      OpenBSD 6.3              |
 384  |            |       |      *--NetBSD |          |            DragonFly 5.2.0
 385  |            |       |      |   8.0   |          |                    |
 386  |            |       |      |   |     |          |            DragonFly 5.2.1
 387  |            |       |      |   |     |          |                    |
 388  |            |       |      |   |     |          |            DragonFly 5.2.2
 389  |         FreeBSD    |      |   |     *--NetBSD  |                    |
 390  |           11.2     |      |   |         7.2    |                    |
 391  |            |     macOS    |   |                |                    |
 392  |            |     10.14    |   |            OpenBSD 6.4              |
 393  |            |       |      |   |                |                    |
 394  |            |       |      |   |                |            DragonFly 5.4.0
 395  *--FreeBSD   |       |      |   |                |                    |
 396  |   12.0     |       |      |   |                |            DragonFly 5.4.1
 397  |     |      |       |      |   |            OpenBSD 6.5              |
 398  |     |      |       |      |   |                |                    |
 399  |     |      |       |      |  NetBSD            |                    |
 400  |     |      |       |      |   8.1              |            DragonFly 5.6
 401  |     |      |       |      |   |                |                    |
 402  |     |      |       |      |   |                |            DragonFly 5.6.1
 403  |     |   FreeBSD  macOS    |   |                |                    |
 404  |     |     11.3   10.15    |   |                |                    |
 405  |  FreeBSD           |      |   |            OpenBSD 6.6              |
 406  |   12.1           macOS    |   `-------.        |                    |
 407  |     |           10.15.1   |           |        |            DragonFly 5.6.2
 408  |     |              |      *--NetBSD   |        |                    |
 409  |     v              |      |   9.0     |        |                    |
 410  |                    |      |           |        |                    |
 411  |                    |      |           |        |            DragonFly 5.8
 412  |                    |      |           |        |                    |
 413  |                    |      |           |        |            DragonFly 5.6.3
 414  |                    |      |        NetBSD      |                    |
 415  |                    |      |         8.2        |                    |
 416  |                    |      |                    |                    |
 417 FreeBSD 13 -current   |  NetBSD -current   OpenBSD -current    DragonFly -current
 418  |                    |      |                    |                    |
 419  v                    v      v                    v                    v
 420
 421 Time
 422 ----------------
 423
 424 Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
 425 was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
 426
 427 [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
 428         and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
 429         the 4.4BSD Operating System.
 430 [APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/]
 431 [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
 432 [DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The.
 433 [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
 434 [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
 435 [KB]  Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
 436         Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
 437 [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
 438         comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
 439 [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
 440         Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
 441         Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
 442 [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
 443 [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
 444 [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
 445 [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
 446 [TUHS] The Unix Historical Society.  http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/.
 447 [USE] Usenet announcement.
 448 [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
 449 [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
 450
 451 Multics                 1965
 452 UNIX                    Summer 1969
 453                                 DEC PDP-7
 454 First   Edition         1971-11-03 [QCU]
 455                                 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
 456 Second  Edition         1972-06-12 [QCU]
 457                                 10 UNIX installations
 458 Third   Edition         1973-02-xx [QCU]
 459                                 Pipes, 16 installations
 460 Fourth  Edition         1973-11-xx [QCU]
 461                                 rewriting in C effected,
 462                                 above 30 installations
 463 Fifth   Edition         1974-06-xx [QCU]
 464                                 above 50 installations
 465 Sixth   Edition         1975-05-xx [QCU]
 466                                 port to DEC Vax
 467 Seventh Edition         1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS]
 468                                 first portable UNIX
 469 Eighth  Edition         1985-02-xx [QCU]
 470                                 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
 471                                 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
 472                                 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
 473                         scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
 474                         and networking part by the streams mechanism
 475
 476 Ninth   Edition         1986-09-xx [QCU]
 477 Tenth   Edition         1989-10-xx [QCU]
 478
 479 1BSD                    late 1977
 480                         1978-03-09 [QCU]
 481                                 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
 482                                 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
 483                                 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
 484 2BSD                    mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS]
 485                                 75 2BSD tapes shipped
 486 2.79BSD                 1980-04-xx [TUHS]
 487 2.8BSD                  1981-07-xx [KSJ]
 488
 489 2.8.1BSD                1982-01-xx [QCU]
 490                                 set of performance improvements
 491 2.9BSD                  1983-07-xx [KSJ]
 492 2.9.1BSD                1983-11-xx [TUHS]
 493 2.9BSD-Seismo           1985-08-xx [SMS]
 494 2.10BSD                 1987-04-xx [KKK]
 495 2.10.1BSD               1989-01-xx [SMS]
 496 2.11BSD                 1992-02-xx [SMS]
 497 2.11BSD rev #430        1999-12-13 [SMS]
 498
 499 32V                     1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS]
 500 3BSD                    late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS]
 501                                 virtual memory, page replacement,
 502                                 demand paging
 503 4.0BSD                  1980-10-xx
 504 4.1BSD                  1981-07-08 [DOC]
 505 4.1aBSD                 1982-04-xx
 506                                 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
 507 4.1bBSD                         internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
 508 4.1cBSD                 late 1982
 509                                 beta release, IPC [44B]
 510 4.2BSD                  1983-09-xx [QCU]
 511                         1983-08-03 [DOC]
 512 4.3BSD                  1986-06-xx [QCU]
 513                         1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
 514 4.3BSD Tahoe            1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
 515 4.3BSD NET/1            1988-11-xx [QCU]
 516                         1989-01-01 [DOC]
 517 4.3BSD Reno             1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
 518 4.3BSD NET/2            1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
 519
 520 BSD/386 ALPHA           1991-12-xx [BSDI]
 521                                 first code released to people outside BSDI
 522 386BSD 0.0              1992-02-xx [DOC]
 523 BSD/386 0.3.1           1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
 524 BSD/386 0.3.3           1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
 525 386BSD 0.1              1992-07-28 [DOC]
 526 4.4BSD Alpha            1992-07-07
 527 BSD/386 0.9.3           1992-10-xx [BSDI]
 528                                 first external gamma; G customers
 529 BSD/386 0.9.4           1992-12-xx [BSDI]
 530                                 would have been 1.0 except for request
 531                                 for preliminary injunction
 532 BSD/386 1.0             1993-03-xx [BSDI]
 533                                 injunction denied; first official release
 534 NetBSD 0.8              1993-04-20 [NBD]
 535 4.4BSD                  1993-06-01 [USE]
 536 NetBSD 0.9              1993-08-23 [NBD]
 537 FreeBSD 1.0             1993-11-01 [FBD]
 538 FreeBSD 1.0.2           1993-11-14 [FBD]
 539                                 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release.
 540 BSD/386 1.1             1994-02-xx [BSDI]
 541 4.4BSD Lite             1994-03-01 [USE]
 542 FreeBSD 1.1             1994-05-07 [FBD]
 543 FreeBSD 1.1.5           1994-06-30 [FBD]
 544 FreeBSD 1.1.5.1         1994-07-05 [FBD]
 545                                 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release.
 546 NetBSD 1.0              1994-10-26 [NBD]
 547 386BSD 1.0              1994-11-12 [USE]
 548 FreeBSD 2.0             1994-11-23 [FBD]
 549 BSD/OS 2.0              1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
 550 FreeBSD 2.0.5           1995-06-10 [FBD]
 551 BSD/OS 2.0.1            1995-06-xx [BSDI]
 552 4.4BSD Lite Release 2   1995-06-xx [44B]
 553                                 the true final distribution from the CSRG
 554 FreeBSD 2.1.0           1995-11-19 [FBD]
 555 NetBSD 1.1              1995-11-26 [NBD]
 556 BSD/OS 2.1              1996-01-xx [BSDI]
 557 FreeBSD 2.1.5           1996-07-14 [FBD]
 558 NetBSD 1.2              1996-10-04 [NBD]
 559 OpenBSD 2.0             1996-10-18 [OBD]
 560 FreeBSD 2.1.6           1996-11-16 [FBD]
 561 FreeBSD 2.1.6.1         1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
 562 Rhapsody                1997-xx-xx
 563 FreeBSD 2.1.7           1997-02-20 [FBD]
 564 BSD/OS 3.0              1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
 565 FreeBSD 2.2.0           1997-03-16 [FBD]
 566 FreeBSD 2.2.1           1997-03-25 [FBD]
 567 FreeBSD 2.2.2           1997-05-16 [FBD]
 568 NetBSD 1.2.1            1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
 569 OpenBSD 2.1             1997-06-01 [OBD]
 570 FreeBSD 2.2.5           1997-10-22 [FBD]
 571 OpenBSD 2.2             1997-12-01 [OBD]
 572 NetBSD 1.3              1998-01-04 [NBD]
 573 FreeBSD 2.2.6           1998-03-25 [FBD]
 574 NetBSD 1.3.1            1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
 575 BSD/OS 3.1              1998-03-xx [BSDI]
 576 OpenBSD 2.3             1998-05-19 [OBD]
 577 NetBSD 1.3.2            1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
 578 FreeBSD 2.2.7           1998-07-22 [FBD]
 579 BSD/OS 4.0              1998-08-xx [BSDI]
 580                                 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
 581 FreeBSD 3.0             1998-10-16 [FBD]
 582                                 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
 583                                 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
 584                                 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
 585 FreeBSD 2.2.8           1998-11-29 [FBD]
 586 OpenBSD 2.4             1998-12-01 [OBD]
 587 NetBSD 1.3.3            1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
 588 FreeBSD 3.1             1999-02-15 [FBD]
 589 BSD/OS 4.0.1            1999-03-xx [BSDI]
 590 NetBSD 1.4              1999-05-12 [NBD]
 591 FreeBSD 3.2             1999-05-17 [FBD]
 592 OpenBSD 2.5             1999-05-19 [OBD]
 593 NetBSD 1.4.1            1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
 594 FreeBSD 3.3             1999-09-17 [FBD]
 595 OpenBSD 2.6             1999-12-01 [OBD]
 596 FreeBSD 3.4             1999-12-20 [FBD]
 597 BSD/OS 4.1              1999-12-xx [BSDI]
 598 FreeBSD 4.0             2000-03-13 [FBD]
 599 NetBSD 1.4.2            2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
 600 OpenBSD 2.7             2000-06-15 [OBD]
 601 FreeBSD 3.5             2000-06-24 [FBD]
 602 FreeBSD 4.1             2000-07-27 [FBD]
 603 FreeBSD 3.5.1           2000-07-28 [FBD]
 604 FreeBSD 4.1.1           2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
 605 FreeBSD 4.2             2000-11-21 [FBD]
 606 NetBSD 1.4.3            2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
 607 BSD/OS 4.2              2000-11-29 [BSDI]
 608 OpenBSD 2.8             2000-12-01 [OBD]
 609 NetBSD 1.5              2000-12-06 [NBD]
 610 Mac OS X 10.0           2001-03-24 [APL]
 611 FreeBSD 4.3             2001-04-20 [FBD]
 612 OpenBSD 2.9             2001-06-01 [OBD]
 613 NetBSD 1.5.1            2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
 614 NetBSD 1.5.2            2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
 615 FreeBSD 4.4             2001-09-18 [FBD]
 616 Mac OS X 10.1           2001-09-29 [APL]
 617 OpenBSD 3.0             2001-12-01 [OBD]
 618 FreeBSD 4.5             2002-01-29 [FBD]
 619 BSD/OS 4.3              2002-03-14 [WRS]
 620 OpenBSD 3.1             2002-05-19 [OBD]
 621 FreeBSD 4.6             2002-06-15 [FBD]
 622 NetBSD 1.5.3            2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
 623 FreeBSD 4.6.2           2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
 624 Mac OS X 10.2           2002-08-23 [APL]
 625 NetBSD 1.6              2002-09-14 [NBD]
 626 FreeBSD 4.7             2002-10-08 [FBD]
 627 OpenBSD 3.2             2002-11-01 [OBD]
 628 FreeBSD 5.0             2003-01-17 [FBD]
 629                                 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
 630                                 -current, similar to 3.0.
 631 FreeBSD 4.8             2003-04-03 [FBD]
 632 NetBSD 1.6.1            2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
 633 OpenBSD 3.3             2003-05-01 [OBD]
 634 BSD/OS 5.0              2003-05-?? [WRS]
 635 FreeBSD 5.1             2003-06-09 [FBD]
 636 Mac OS X 10.3           2003-10-24 [APL]
 637 FreeBSD 4.9             2003-10-28 [FBD]
 638 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE          2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version)
 639 OpenBSD 3.4             2003-11-01 [OBD]
 640 FreeBSD 5.2             2004-01-12 [FBD]
 641 FreeBSD 5.2.1           2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release)
 642 NetBSD 1.6.2            2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
 643 OpenBSD 3.5             2004-04-01 [OBD]
 644 FreeBSD 4.10            2004-05-27 [FBD]
 645 DragonFly 1.0           2004-07-12 [DFB]
 646 OpenBSD 3.6             2004-10-29 [OBD]
 647 FreeBSD 5.3             2004-11-06 [FBD]
 648 NetBSD 2.0              2004-12-09 [NBD]
 649 FreeBSD 4.11            2005-01-25 [FBD]
 650 DragonFly 1.2.0         2005-04-08 [DFB]
 651 NetBSD 2.0.2            2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 652 Mac OS X 10.4           2005-04-29 [APL]
 653 FreeBSD 5.4             2005-05-09 [FBD]
 654 OpenBSD 3.7             2005-05-19 [OBD]
 655 NetBSD 2.0.3            2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 656 OpenBSD 3.8             2005-11-01 [OBD]
 657 FreeBSD 6.0             2005-11-01 [FBD]
 658 NetBSD 2.1              2005-11-02 [NBD]
 659 NetBSD 3.0              2005-12-23 [NBD]
 660 DragonFly 1.4.0         2006-01-08 [DFB]
 661 FreeBSD 2.2.9           2006-04-01 [FBD]
 662 OpenBSD 3.9             2006-05-01 [OBD]
 663 FreeBSD 6.1             2006-05-08 [FBD]
 664 FreeBSD 5.5             2006-05-25 [FBD]
 665 NetBSD 3.0.1            2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 666 DragonFly 1.6.0         2006-07-24 [DFB]
 667 OpenBSD 4.0             2006-11-01 [OBD]
 668 NetBSD 3.0.2            2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 669 NetBSD 3.1              2006-11-04 [NBD]
 670 FreeBSD 6.2             2007-01-15 [FBD]
 671 DragonFly 1.8.0         2007-01-30 [DFB]
 672 OpenBSD 4.1             2007-05-01 [OBD]
 673 DragonFly 1.10.0        2007-08-06 [DFB]
 674 Mac OS X 10.5           2007-10-26 [APL]
 675 OpenBSD 4.2             2007-11-01 [OBD]
 676 NetBSD 4.0              2007-12-19 [NBD]
 677 FreeBSD 6.3             2008-01-18 [FBD]
 678 DragonFly 1.12.0        2008-02-26 [DFB]
 679 FreeBSD 7.0             2008-02-27 [FBD]
 680 OpenBSD 4.3             2008-05-01 [OBD]
 681 DragonFly 2.0.0         2008-07-21 [DFB]
 682 OpenBSD 4.4             2008-11-01 [OBD]
 683 FreeBSD 6.4             2008-11-28 [FBD]
 684 FreeBSD 7.1             2009-01-04 [FBD]
 685 DragonFly 2.2.0         2009-02-17 [DFB]
 686 NetBSD 5.0              2009-04-29 [NBD]
 687 OpenBSD 4.5             2009-05-01 [OBD]
 688 FreeBSD 7.2             2009-05-04 [FBD]
 689 Mac OS X 10.6           2009-06-08 [APL]
 690 NetBSD 5.0.1            2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 691 DragonFly 2.4.0         2009-09-16 [DFB]
 692 OpenBSD 4.6             2009-10-18 [OBD]
 693 FreeBSD 8.0             2009-11-26 [FBD]
 694 NetBSD 5.0.2            2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 695 FreeBSD 7.3             2010-03-23 [FBD]
 696 DragonFly 2.6.0         2010-03-28 [DFB]
 697 OpenBSD 4.7             2010-05-19 [OBD]
 698 FreeBSD 8.1             2010-07-24 [FBD]
 699 DragonFly 2.8.2         2010-10-30 [DFB]
 700 OpenBSD 4.8             2010-11-01 [OBD]
 701 NetBSD 5.1              2010-11-19 [NBD]
 702 FreeBSD 7.4             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 703 FreeBSD 8.2             2011-02-24 [FBD]
 704 DragonFly 2.10.1        2011-04-26 [DFB]
 705 OpenBSD 4.9             2011-05-01 [OBD]
 706 Mac OS X 10.7           2011-07-20 [APL]
 707 OpenBSD 5.0             2011-11-01 [OBD]
 708 FreeBSD 9.0             2012-01-12 [FBD]
 709 NetBSD 5.1.2            2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 710 DragonFly 3.0.1         2012-02-21 [DFB]
 711 FreeBSD 8.3             2012-04-18 [FBD]
 712 OpenBSD 5.1             2012-05-01 [OBD]
 713 Mac OS X 10.8           2012-07-25 [APL]
 714 NetBSD 6.0              2012-10-17 [NBD]
 715 OpenBSD 5.2             2012-11-01 [OBD]
 716 DragonFly 3.2.1         2012-11-02 [DFB]
 717 NetBSD 5.2              2012-12-03 [NBD]
 718 NetBSD 6.0.1            2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 719 FreeBSD 9.1             2012-12-30 [FBD]
 720 DragonFly 3.4.1         2013-04-29 [DFB]
 721 OpenBSD 5.3             2013-05-01 [OBD]
 722 NetBSD 6.0.2            2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release)
 723 NetBSD 6.1              2013-05-18 [NBD]
 724 FreeBSD 8.4             2013-06-07 [FBD]
 725 NetBSD 6.1.1            2013-08-22 [NBD]
 726 NetBSD 5.1.3            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 727 NetBSD 5.2.1            2013-09-29 [NBD]
 728 FreeBSD 9.2             2013-09-30 [FBD]
 729 NetBSD 6.0.3            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 730 NetBSD 6.1.2            2013-09-30 [NBD]
 731 Mac OS X 10.9           2013-10-22 [APL]
 732 OpenBSD 5.4             2013-11-01 [OBD]
 733 DragonFly 3.6.0         2013-11-25 [DFB]
 734 FreeBSD 10.0            2014-01-20 [FBD]
 735 NetBSD 5.1.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 736 NetBSD 5.2.2            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 737 NetBSD 6.0.4            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 738 NetBSD 6.1.3            2014-01-25 [NBD]
 739 DragonFly 3.6.1         2014-02-22 [DFB]
 740 DragonFly 3.6.2         2014-04-10 [DFB]
 741 NetBSD 6.0.5            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 742 NetBSD 6.1.4            2014-04-12 [NBD]
 743 OpenBSD 5.5             2014-05-01 [OBD]
 744 DragonFly 3.8.0         2014-06-04 [DFB]
 745 DragonFly 3.8.1         2014-06-16 [DFB]
 746 DragonFly 3.6.3         2014-06-17 [DFB]
 747 FreeBSD 9.3             2014-07-05 [FBD]
 748 DragonFly 3.8.2         2014-08-08 [DFB]
 749 NetBSD 6.0.6            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 750 NetBSD 6.1.5            2014-09-22 [NBD]
 751 Mac OS X 10.10          2014-10-16 [APL]
 752 OpenBSD 5.6             2014-11-01 [OBD]
 753 FreeBSD 10.1            2014-11-14 [FBD]
 754 DragonFly 4.0.1         2014-11-25 [DFB]
 755 DragonFly 4.0.2         2015-01-07 [DFB]
 756 DragonFly 4.0.3         2015-01-21 [DFB]
 757 DragonFly 4.0.4         2015-03-09 [DFB]
 758 DragonFly 4.0.5         2015-03-23 [DFB]
 759 OpenBSD 5.7             2015-05-01 [OBD]
 760 DragonFly 4.2.0         2015-06-29 [DFB]
 761 FreeBSD 10.2            2015-08-13 [FBD]
 762 NetBSD 7.0              2015-09-25 [NBD]
 763 OS X 10.11              2015-09-30 [APL]
 764 OpenBSD 5.8             2015-10-18 [OBD]
 765 DragonFly 4.4.1         2015-12-07 [DFB]
 766 OpenBSD 5.9             2016-03-29 [OBD]
 767 FreeBSD 10.3            2016-04-04 [FBD]
 768 NetBSD 7.0.1            2016-05-22 [NBD]
 769 DragonFly 4.6.0         2016-08-02 [DFB]
 770 OpenBSD 6.0             2016-09-01 [OBD]
 771 macOS 10.12             2016-09-20 [APL]
 772 FreeBSD 11.0            2016-10-10 [FBD]
 773 NetBSD 7.0.2            2016-10-21 [NBD]
 774 NetBSD 7.1              2017-03-11 [NBD]
 775 DragonFly 4.8.0         2017-03-27 [DFB]
 776 OpenBSD 6.1             2017-04-11 [OBD]
 777 FreeBSD 11.1            2017-07-26 [FBD]
 778 macOS 10.13             2017-09-25 [APL]
 779 FreeBSD 10.4            2017-10-03 [FBD]
 780 OpenBSD 6.2             2017-10-09 [OBD]
 781 DragonFly 5.0.0         2017-10-16 [DFB]
 782 DragonFly 5.0.1         2017-11-06 [DFB]
 783 DragonFly 5.0.2         2017-12-04 [DFB]
 784 NetBSD 7.1.1            2017-12-22 [NBD]
 785 NetBSD 7.1.2            2018-03-15 [NBD]
 786 OpenBSD 6.3             2018-04-02 [OBD]
 787 DragonFly 5.2.0         2018-04-10 [DFB]
 788 DragonFly 5.2.1         2018-05-20 [DFB]
 789 DragonFly 5.2.2         2018-06-18 [DFB]
 790 FreeBSD 11.2            2018-06-27 [FBD]
 791 NetBSD 8.0              2018-07-17 [NBD]
 792 NetBSD 7.2              2018-08-29 [NBD]
 793 macOS 10.14             2018-09-24 [APL]
 794 OpenBSD 6.4             2018-10-18 [OBD]
 795 DragonFly 5.4.0         2018-12-03 [DFB]
 796 FreeBSD 12.0            2018-12-11 [FBD]
 797 DragonFly 5.4.1         2018-12-24 [DFB]
 798 OpenBSD 6.5             2019-05-01 [OBD]
 799 NetBSD 8.1              2019-06-04 [NBD]
 800 DragonFly 5.6           2019-06-17 [DFB]
 801 DragonFly 5.6.1         2019-06-19 [DFB]
 802 FreeBSD 11.3            2019-07-09 [FBD]
 803 DragonFly 5.6.2         2019-08-11 [DFB]
 804 OpenBSD 6.6             2019-10-17 [OBD]
 805 macOS 10.15             2019-10-07 [APL]
 806 macOS 10.15.1           2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release)
 807 FreeBSD 12.1            2019-11-04 [FBD]
 808 NetBSD 9.0              2020-02-14 [NBD]
 809 DragonFly 5.8           2020-03-03 [DFB]
 810 DragonFly 5.6.3         2020-03-11 [DFB]
 811 NetBSD 8.2              2020-03-31 [NBD]
 812
 813 Bibliography
 814 ------------------------
 815
 816 Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
 817 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
 818 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
 819
 820 Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
 821 Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
 822
 823 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
 824 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
 825 System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
 826
 827 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
 828 Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
 829 Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
 830
 831 McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The
 832 Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition.
 833 Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2
 834
 835 Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
 836
 837 Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
 838 Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
 839 Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
 840
 841 Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
 842 URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
 843
 844 Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
 845 Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
 846
 847 BSD Release Announcements collection.
 848 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/
 849
 850 BSD Hypertext Man Pages
 851 URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
 852
 853 UNIX history graphing project
 854 URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
 855
 856 UNIX history
 857 URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
 858
 859 James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
 860 URL: http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
 861 ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
 862
 863
 864 Acknowledgments
 865 ---------------
 866
 867 Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
 868 original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
 869
 870 Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
 871
 872 --
 873 Copyright (c) 1997-2012 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
 874 URL: https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base/head/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
 875
 876 $FreeBSD$