4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
11 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14 ###############################################################################
18 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
23 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
29 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
30 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
31 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
33 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
34 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
35 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
37 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
38 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
40 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
41 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
42 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
43 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
44 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
46 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
47 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
48 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
49 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
50 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
51 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
52 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
53 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
54 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
55 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
57 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
58 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
60 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
61 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
62 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
63 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
65 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
66 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
67 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
68 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
70 # From Arthur David Olson:
71 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
72 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
73 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
75 # From Arthur David Olson:
76 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
77 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
79 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
80 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
81 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
82 # An AltaVista search turned up
83 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
84 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
85 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
86 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
88 # From Joseph Gallant citing
89 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
90 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
91 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
92 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
93 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
94 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
95 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
96 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
98 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
99 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
101 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
102 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
103 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
104 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
105 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
109 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
110 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
111 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
113 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
115 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
116 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
117 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
118 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
119 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
121 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
122 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
124 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
125 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
126 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
127 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
136 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
137 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
138 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
139 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
140 # this time zone package.
141 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
142 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
143 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
144 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
145 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
151 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
152 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
153 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
154 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
156 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
157 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
159 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
160 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
161 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
162 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
164 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
165 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
166 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
168 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
169 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
170 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
172 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
173 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
174 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
175 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
176 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
180 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
182 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
183 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
184 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
185 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
186 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
188 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
189 # The above dates are for 1988.
190 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
191 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
195 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
196 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
197 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
198 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
200 # United States standard eastern time
201 # United States standard mountain time
202 # United States standard central time
203 # United States standard Pacific time
205 # United States standard Alaska time
207 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
208 # public law 98-181):
209 # Atlantic standard time
210 # eastern standard time
211 # central standard time
212 # mountain standard time
213 # Pacific standard time
214 # Yukon standard time
215 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
216 # Bering standard time
217 # And after 1983-11-30:
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Alaska standard time
224 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
225 # Samoa standard time
226 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
228 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
229 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
230 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
231 # See the file "australasia".
233 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
234 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
236 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
237 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
238 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
239 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
240 # Sunday of March'; and
241 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
242 # Sunday of November'.
243 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
244 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
245 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
246 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
247 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
249 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
250 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
251 # Department study is complete.
253 # US eastern time, represented by New York
255 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
256 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
257 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
258 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
259 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
260 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
262 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
263 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
264 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
265 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
266 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
267 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
269 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
270 # According to today's Huntsville Times
271 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
272 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
273 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
274 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
275 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
276 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
280 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
282 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
286 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
293 # US central time, represented by Chicago
295 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
296 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
297 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
298 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
299 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
300 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
301 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
302 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
304 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
305 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
306 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
307 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
308 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
309 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
312 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
313 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
314 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
315 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
316 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
317 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
318 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
319 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
321 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
322 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
323 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
325 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
327 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
328 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
329 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
331 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
332 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
333 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
334 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
335 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
336 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
337 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
338 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
339 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
342 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
344 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
345 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
346 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota, far eastern Oregon,
347 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
348 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
350 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
351 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
352 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
353 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
354 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
355 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
356 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
357 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
359 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
361 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
364 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
366 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
367 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties),
368 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
370 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
371 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
372 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
373 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
374 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
375 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
376 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
377 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
383 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
385 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
386 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
387 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
388 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
389 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
390 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
391 # the Julian calendar.
393 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
394 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
395 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
396 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
397 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
398 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
400 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
401 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
402 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
406 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
407 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
409 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
410 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
414 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
416 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
417 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
419 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
420 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
421 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
423 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
424 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
426 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
427 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
430 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
432 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
433 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
435 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
436 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
439 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
441 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
442 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
444 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
446 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
447 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
448 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
450 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
451 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
452 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
453 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
454 # possibly until 1983:
456 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
457 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
458 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
459 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
460 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
461 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
462 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
463 # three votes for and one against."
467 # From Arthur David Olson:
468 # And then there's Hawaii.
469 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
470 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
471 # it's always standard as of 1986.
474 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
476 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
477 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
478 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
479 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
482 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
484 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
486 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
488 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
489 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
490 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
491 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
492 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
493 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
494 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
495 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
496 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
497 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
498 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
499 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
500 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
502 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
503 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
505 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
506 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
507 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
508 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
510 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
512 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
513 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
514 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
515 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
516 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
517 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
519 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
521 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
522 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
523 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
524 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
525 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties) and eastern Oregon
526 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
528 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
529 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
530 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
532 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
537 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
538 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
539 # What time is it in Indiana?
542 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
543 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
544 # with the following exceptions:
546 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
547 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
549 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
551 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
552 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
554 # - Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski counties
555 # have been like America/Indiana/Vincennes.
557 # - Crawford, Pike, Starke, and Switzerland counties have their own time zone
558 # histories as noted below.
560 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
561 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
562 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
563 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
565 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
566 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
567 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
569 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
570 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
572 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
573 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
574 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
575 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
576 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
577 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
578 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
579 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
580 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
581 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
582 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
583 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
584 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
586 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
587 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
588 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
589 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
590 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
591 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
593 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
595 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
596 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
597 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
603 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
604 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
605 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
606 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
607 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
608 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
609 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
610 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
611 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
613 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
615 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
616 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
621 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pulaski Counties, Indiana,
622 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
623 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
624 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
625 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
626 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
627 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
628 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
629 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
630 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
631 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
632 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
633 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
634 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
636 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
639 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
642 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
643 # then switched back in 2006.
644 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
645 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
646 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
647 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
648 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
649 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
650 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
652 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
653 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
654 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
655 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
658 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
659 # then switched back in 2006.
660 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
661 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
662 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
664 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
665 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
666 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
667 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
668 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
669 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
670 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
671 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
673 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
674 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
675 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
676 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
679 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
680 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
681 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
682 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
688 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
689 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
690 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
691 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
692 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
693 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
694 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
695 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
696 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
697 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
698 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
699 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
701 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
703 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
705 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
706 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
709 # Wayne County, Kentucky
712 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
713 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
714 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
715 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
716 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
717 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
718 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
719 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
720 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
721 # location in the Central time zone.
723 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
724 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
725 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
726 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
727 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
729 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
730 # The final rule was published in the
731 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
732 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
735 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
738 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
742 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
743 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
744 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
745 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
746 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
747 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
748 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
749 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
751 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
752 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
753 # so omit that change for now.
754 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
755 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
756 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
757 # 1999-10-31. See the
758 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
759 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
761 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
762 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
763 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
767 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
768 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
770 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
771 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
772 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
775 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
776 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
777 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
778 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
779 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
780 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
783 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
785 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
786 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
787 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
788 # info, so omit this for now.
790 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
791 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
792 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
793 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
794 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
795 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
796 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
797 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
798 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
801 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
803 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
806 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
807 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
808 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
809 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
810 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
811 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
812 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
813 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
814 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
816 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
817 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
821 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
822 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
823 # also claimed by Haiti
824 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
825 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
826 # currently uninhabited
827 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
828 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
829 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
831 ################################################################################
834 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
835 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
836 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
837 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
839 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
840 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
841 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
842 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
843 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
845 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
846 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
848 # Other sources occasionally used include:
850 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
851 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
852 # which I found in the UCLA library.
854 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
855 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
858 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
862 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
863 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
864 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
866 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
867 # offset French English French English
878 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
879 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
881 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
882 # C: du Centre Central
883 # E: de l'Est Eastern
886 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
891 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
892 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
894 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
897 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01):
898 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
899 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
900 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
901 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
903 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
904 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
905 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
906 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
907 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
908 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
910 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
911 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
912 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
913 # </a> (updated periodically).
914 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
916 # CBC News reported that Ontario and Manitoba have announced plans to
917 # follow the US change; see
918 # <http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/daylightsavingtime/> (2005-10-21).
919 # CBC news also reported that Prince Edward Island is the first
920 # province in Atlantic Canada to follow the US change, and that Quebec
921 # had agreed; see <http://www.cbc.ca/pei/story/pe_daylight_20051207.html>
922 # (2005-12-07). It also reported that Alberta will fall into line; see
923 # <http://www.cbc.ca/calgary/story/ca_daylight20060202.html> (2006-02-02).
924 # For now, assume all of Canada will fall into line.
926 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
927 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
928 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
929 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
930 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
931 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
932 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
933 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
934 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
935 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
936 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
939 # Newfoundland (and far southeast Labrador)
941 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
942 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
943 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
944 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
945 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
947 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
948 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
949 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
950 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
951 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
952 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
953 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
954 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
955 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
956 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
958 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
959 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
960 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
961 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
962 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
963 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
964 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
965 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
966 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
967 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
968 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
969 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
970 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
971 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
972 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
973 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
974 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
975 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
976 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
977 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-05):
978 # http://www.releases.gov.nl.ca/releases/2006/mpa/0331n01.htm
979 # [This says Newfoundlandland expects to follow step with the US.]
980 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
981 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
983 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
984 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
985 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
986 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
987 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
988 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
989 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
990 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
993 # most of east Labrador
995 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
996 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
997 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
999 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1000 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1002 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1003 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1004 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1008 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1010 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1011 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1012 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1013 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1014 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1015 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1018 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-25):
1019 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1020 # Here is a news release which was issued today by the Nova Scotia government:
1021 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=20060425004
1023 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1024 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1025 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1026 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1027 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1028 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1029 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1030 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1031 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1032 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1033 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1034 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1035 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1036 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1037 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1038 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1039 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1040 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1041 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1042 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1043 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1044 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1045 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1046 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1047 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1048 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1049 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1050 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1051 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1052 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1053 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1054 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1055 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1056 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1057 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1058 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1059 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1060 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1061 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1062 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1063 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1064 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1065 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1066 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1067 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1068 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1069 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1070 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1071 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1073 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1074 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1075 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1077 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1082 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
1083 # New Brunswick's Time Definition Act
1084 # <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf> says they change at 00:01, and
1085 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1086 # clear that this has been the case since at least 1993.
1087 # For now, assume it started in 1993. The Office of the Premier announced
1088 # <http://www.gnb.ca/cnb/news/pre/2005e1737pr.htm> (2005-12-23)
1089 # that they will bring forward proposed amendments to harmonize with the US;
1090 # for now assume that this will happen, but they'll still switch at 00:01.
1092 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1093 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1094 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1095 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1096 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1097 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1098 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1099 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1100 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1101 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1102 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1103 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1104 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1105 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1106 Rule Moncton 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1107 Rule Moncton 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1108 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1109 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1110 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1111 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1112 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1113 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1114 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1115 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1120 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1121 # Shanks & Pottenger writes that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1122 # Toronto, and most of Quebec has been like Montreal.
1123 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1124 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1125 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1126 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1128 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1129 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1130 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1131 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1132 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1133 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1134 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1135 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1136 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1139 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1141 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1142 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1143 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1144 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1145 # He also writes that the
1146 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1147 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1149 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1150 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1151 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1153 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1154 # For what it's worth, Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with
1155 # Rainy River ever since standard time was introduced.
1157 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1158 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1159 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1160 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1161 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1162 # They also write that Quebec east of the -63 meridian is supposed to
1163 # observe AST, but residents as far east as Natashquan use EST/EDT,
1164 # and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1165 # We probably need Zones for far east Quebec and for Atikokan,
1166 # but we don't know when their practices started.
1168 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1169 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1170 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1171 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1172 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1173 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1174 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1175 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1176 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1177 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1178 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1179 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1180 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1181 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1182 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1183 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1184 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1185 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1186 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1187 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1188 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1189 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1190 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1191 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1192 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1193 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1194 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1195 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1196 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1198 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1199 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1200 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1201 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1202 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1203 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1204 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1205 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1207 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1208 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1209 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1210 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1211 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1212 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1213 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1214 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1215 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1216 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1217 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1218 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1220 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1221 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1222 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1223 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1224 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1225 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1226 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1227 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1228 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1229 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1230 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1231 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that he
1232 # checked the 1971-10-30 issue of the Toronto Star, and it said that
1233 # DST ended 1971-10-31 as usual.
1234 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1236 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1237 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1238 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1239 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1240 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1242 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1243 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1244 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1245 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1246 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1247 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1248 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1249 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1250 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1251 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1252 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1254 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1255 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1256 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1257 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1258 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1259 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1260 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1262 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1263 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1264 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1265 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1266 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1268 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1271 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1272 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1275 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1276 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1277 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1279 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:17:56 - LMT 1895
1280 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1281 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1287 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-05):
1288 # Here is a copy of the new official time act ...
1289 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1290 # The act indicates that daylight savings ends at 2:00am.
1292 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1293 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1294 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1295 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1296 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1297 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1298 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1299 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1300 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1301 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1302 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1303 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1304 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1306 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1307 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1308 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1309 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1311 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1312 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1313 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1314 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1315 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1316 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1317 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1318 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1319 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1320 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1321 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1322 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1323 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1324 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1325 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1326 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1327 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1328 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1329 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1330 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1331 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1332 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1333 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1334 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1335 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1336 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1337 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1338 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1344 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1345 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1346 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1347 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1348 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1349 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1350 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1351 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1354 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1355 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1356 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1358 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1359 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1360 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1361 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1362 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1363 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1365 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1366 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1367 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1368 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1369 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1371 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1372 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1373 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1374 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1376 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1377 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1378 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1379 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1380 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1381 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1382 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1384 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1385 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1386 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1387 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1388 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1389 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1391 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1392 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1393 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1394 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1395 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1396 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1397 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1398 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1399 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1400 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1401 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1402 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1403 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1404 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1405 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1406 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1407 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1408 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1410 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1411 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1412 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1413 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1414 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1415 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1416 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1417 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1419 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1420 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1421 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1422 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1428 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1429 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1430 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1431 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1432 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1433 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1434 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1435 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1436 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1437 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1438 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1439 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1440 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1441 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1442 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1443 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1444 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1445 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1446 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1447 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1454 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1455 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1456 # been like Vancouver.
1457 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1458 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1460 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1461 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1462 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1463 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1464 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1465 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1466 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1467 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1468 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1469 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1470 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1471 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1472 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1474 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1475 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1476 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1480 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1482 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1483 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1484 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1485 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1486 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1487 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1488 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1489 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1490 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1491 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1494 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1495 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1496 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1497 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1500 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1501 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1502 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1504 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1505 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1506 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1507 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1508 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1509 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1511 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1512 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1513 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1515 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1517 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1518 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1520 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1522 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1524 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1525 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1526 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1527 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1528 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1529 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1530 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1531 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1532 # the current state of affairs.
1534 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1535 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1536 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1537 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1538 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1539 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1540 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1542 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1543 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1544 # for these potential new Zones.
1546 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1547 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1548 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1549 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1550 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1551 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1552 # required to use daylight savings.
1555 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1556 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1557 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1558 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1559 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1560 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1561 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1562 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1563 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1564 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1565 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1566 # unified time zone in 1999.
1568 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1569 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1571 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1572 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1574 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1575 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1576 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1577 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1578 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1579 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1580 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1582 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1584 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1585 # According to maps at
1586 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1587 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1588 # (both dated 2003), and
1589 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1590 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1591 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1592 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1593 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1594 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1595 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1597 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1598 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1599 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1601 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-25):
1602 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1603 # http://www.cbc.ca/north/story/nor-nwt-time-change.html
1605 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1606 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1607 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1608 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1609 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1610 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1611 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1612 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1613 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1614 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1615 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1616 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1617 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1618 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1619 Zone America/Pangnirtung -4:22:56 - LMT 1884
1620 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1621 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1622 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1624 Zone America/Iqaluit -4:33:52 - LMT 1884 # Frobisher Bay before 1987
1625 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1626 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1628 Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884
1629 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946
1631 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet -6:08:40 - LMT 1884
1632 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1633 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1635 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay -7:00:20 - LMT 1884
1636 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1637 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1638 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1639 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1641 Zone America/Yellowknife -7:37:24 - LMT 1884
1642 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1644 Zone America/Inuvik -8:54:00 - LMT 1884
1645 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1646 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1648 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1649 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1650 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1652 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1653 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1654 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1658 ###############################################################################
1662 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1663 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1664 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1665 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1666 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1669 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
1670 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1671 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1672 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1673 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
1674 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1676 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1677 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1678 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1679 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1680 # the relevant documents.
1682 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1683 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1684 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1686 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1688 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1689 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1691 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1692 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1693 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1694 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1696 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1697 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1702 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1707 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1709 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1710 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1711 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1712 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1713 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1716 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1717 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1718 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1720 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1721 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1722 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1723 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1724 # Arizona year round.
1726 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1727 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1728 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1729 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1730 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1733 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1734 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1736 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1737 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1739 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1740 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1741 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1743 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1744 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1745 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1746 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1747 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1748 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1749 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1750 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1752 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1753 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1754 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1755 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1757 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1759 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1760 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1762 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1763 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1764 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1765 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1766 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1767 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1769 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1771 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1772 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1773 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1774 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1775 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1776 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1777 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1778 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1779 # September 30, 2001.
1780 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1781 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1783 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1784 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1785 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1786 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1787 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1788 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1789 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1790 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1792 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1793 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1794 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1795 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1796 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1798 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1799 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1800 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1801 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1802 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1803 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1804 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1805 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1806 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1807 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1808 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1809 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1810 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1811 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1812 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1813 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1815 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1816 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1817 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1820 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1821 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1822 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1824 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1825 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1830 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1831 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1832 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1833 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1834 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1835 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1836 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1837 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1840 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
1841 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1842 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1843 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1844 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1845 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1847 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
1848 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
1851 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
1852 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1853 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1854 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1855 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1856 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1857 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1858 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1860 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
1862 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
1863 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
1864 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1865 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1866 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1867 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1868 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1869 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
1870 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
1874 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
1876 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1877 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
1878 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
1879 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
1880 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
1881 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
1882 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
1883 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
1884 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
1889 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
1890 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
1892 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1893 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
1894 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
1895 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
1896 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
1897 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
1898 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
1899 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
1900 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
1901 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
1902 # name or contents should be.
1907 ###############################################################################
1910 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1911 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1914 # Antigua and Barbuda
1915 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1916 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1921 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1922 Rule Bahamas 1964 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1923 Rule Bahamas 1964 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1924 Rule Bahamas 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1925 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1926 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
1930 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1931 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
1932 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1933 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
1934 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1935 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
1936 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1937 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
1938 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
1942 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1943 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1944 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
1945 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
1946 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
1947 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
1948 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
1949 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
1950 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1951 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
1955 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1956 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
1957 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
1961 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1962 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
1963 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
1967 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1968 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1969 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1970 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
1971 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
1972 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1973 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
1974 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
1975 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
1976 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1977 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
1978 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
1981 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
1985 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
1986 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
1987 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
1988 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
1989 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
1990 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
1991 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
1992 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
1993 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
1994 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
1996 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
1997 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
1998 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1999 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2000 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2001 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2002 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2003 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2005 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2006 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2007 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2008 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2010 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2011 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2012 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2013 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2014 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2015 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2016 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2017 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2018 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2019 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2020 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2021 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2022 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2023 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2024 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2025 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2026 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2027 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2028 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2029 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2030 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2031 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2032 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2033 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2034 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2035 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2036 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2037 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2038 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2039 Rule Cuba 2000 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2040 Rule Cuba 2006 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2042 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2043 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2044 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2048 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2049 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
2052 # Dominican Republic
2054 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2055 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2056 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2057 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2059 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2060 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2062 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2063 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2064 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2065 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2066 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2067 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2068 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2069 # decided to revert.
2072 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2073 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2074 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2075 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2076 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2077 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2078 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2079 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2080 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2081 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2082 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2083 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2084 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2089 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2090 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2091 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2092 # months until September, and a 2006-05-03 NACION article saying El
2093 # Salvador will follow suit. However, ignore this for now, because:
2094 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-05-05):
2095 # Change of DST perhaps postponed in El Salvador:
2096 # http://www.laprensagrafica.com/lodeldia/883.asp
2098 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2099 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2100 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2101 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2102 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2103 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2104 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2108 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2109 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
2113 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2114 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
2119 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2120 # Diario Co Latino, at
2121 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2122 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2123 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2124 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2125 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2126 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2127 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2128 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2129 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2130 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2131 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2132 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2133 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2134 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2135 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2136 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2140 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2141 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2142 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2143 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2144 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2145 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2147 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2148 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2149 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2150 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2151 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2153 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2154 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2155 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2158 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2160 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2161 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2162 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2163 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2164 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2166 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2167 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2169 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2172 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2173 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2174 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2175 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2176 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2178 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2179 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2180 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2181 Rule Haiti 2005 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2182 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2183 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2184 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2188 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2190 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2191 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2192 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2193 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2194 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2195 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this. For lack of better info,
2196 # assume they'll use the same end-of-DST rules as in 1987 and 1988.
2198 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2199 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2200 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2201 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2202 Rule Hond 2006 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2204 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2207 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2211 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2214 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2215 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2217 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
2218 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2219 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2220 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2221 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2226 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2227 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2228 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2229 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2230 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2234 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2235 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2236 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
2237 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2238 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
2243 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
2245 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2246 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2247 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2248 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2249 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2250 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2251 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2252 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2253 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2255 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2256 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2257 # assume that it is daylight saving....
2259 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2260 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2261 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2262 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2263 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2264 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2265 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2266 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2267 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2268 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2270 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2271 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2272 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2275 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
2276 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
2277 # (my informal translation)
2278 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
2279 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
2280 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
2282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2283 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2284 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2285 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2286 Rule Nic 2005 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2287 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
2288 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2289 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2290 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2291 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2292 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2293 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
2294 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
2300 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2301 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2302 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2306 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2307 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2308 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2309 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2314 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2315 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2319 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2320 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2321 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2324 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2325 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2326 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2327 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2328 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2329 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2332 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2333 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2334 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2335 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2339 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2340 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2341 # says they switch at midnight. Go with IATA SSIM.
2342 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2343 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2344 Rule TC 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2345 Rule TC 1987 max - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2346 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2347 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2348 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2352 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2353 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2357 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2358 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
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