1 # @(#)southamerica 7.35
3 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
4 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
5 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
7 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1999-07-07):
8 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
9 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
10 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
12 # Gwillim Law <Gwil_Law@bridge-point.com> writes that a good source
13 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
14 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
15 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
16 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
18 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
19 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
21 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
22 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
23 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
24 # I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
25 # _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
26 # in Europe and South America.
27 # -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
28 # H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
30 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
31 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
32 # "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
33 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
34 # The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
35 # Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
36 # "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
37 # The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
38 # "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
39 # name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
40 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
41 # Corrections are welcome!
43 # -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
44 # -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
45 # -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
48 ###############################################################################
50 ###############################################################################
54 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
55 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
56 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
58 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
59 # ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
61 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
62 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
63 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
65 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
66 Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
67 Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
68 Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
69 Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
70 Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
71 Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
72 Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
73 Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
74 Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
75 Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
76 Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
77 Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
78 Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
79 Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
80 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
81 Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
82 Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
83 Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
84 Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
85 Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
86 Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
87 Rule Arg 1974 1976 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
88 Rule Arg 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
89 Rule Arg 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
90 Rule Arg 1986 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
91 Rule Arg 1986 1987 - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
92 Rule Arg 1987 only - Feb 13 0:00 0 -
93 Rule Arg 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
94 Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
96 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
97 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
98 # obtaining the data from the:
99 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
100 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
102 # Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
103 Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
104 Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
106 # From Hernan G. Otero <hernan@isoft.com.ar> (1995-06-26):
107 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
108 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
109 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
111 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
112 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
113 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
114 # from the International Date Line. On March 5, 2000, at 0:00 local time,
115 # Argentina will come off daylight savings time, which will bring them to 8
116 # hours from the International Date Line.
118 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
119 # We just checked with our San Paulo office and they say the government of
120 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
121 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
123 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
125 # Buenos Aires (BA), Distrito Federal (DF), Santa Cruz (SC),
126 # Tierra del Fuego (TF) & Antartida e Islas
127 Zone America/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Nov
128 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
130 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
133 # Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
134 # Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH)
135 Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov
136 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
138 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
139 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Jul
142 # Cordoba (CB), Santiago del Estero (SE), Salta (SA), Tucuman (TM), La Rioja (LR), San Juan (SJ), San Luis (SL),
143 # Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
144 Zone America/Cordoba -4:16:44 - LMT 1894 Nov
145 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
147 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
148 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
152 Zone America/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Nov
153 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
155 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
156 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
157 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
158 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 15
159 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
163 Zone America/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Nov
164 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
166 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
167 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Jul
169 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1992 Jul
173 Zone America/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Nov
174 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May
176 -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
177 -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
178 -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
179 -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
180 -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
184 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
185 Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
186 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
190 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
191 Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
192 -4:32:36 - LPMT 1931 Oct 15 # La Paz Mean Time
193 -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
194 -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
198 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
199 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
200 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
201 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
202 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
203 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
205 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
206 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
207 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
208 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
209 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
210 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
212 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
213 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
214 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
215 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
216 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
217 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
218 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
219 # (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
220 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
221 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
222 # become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
223 # has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
224 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
225 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
226 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
227 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
228 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
229 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
231 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
232 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
233 # Brazilian official page
236 # From Paul Eggert (1998-10-29):
237 # The official decrees referenced below are taken from
238 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
239 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
240 # </a> (1999-10-04, in Portuguese).
242 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
243 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
244 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
245 Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
246 Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
247 Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
248 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
250 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
251 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
252 Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
253 Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
254 Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
255 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
256 Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
257 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
259 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
260 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
261 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
262 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
263 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
264 Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
265 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
266 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
267 Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
268 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
269 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
270 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
271 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
272 Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
273 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
274 Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
275 Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
276 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
278 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
279 Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
280 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
281 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
282 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
283 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
284 Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
285 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
286 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
287 Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
288 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
289 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
290 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
291 Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
292 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
293 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
294 # with the same exceptions
295 Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
296 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
297 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
298 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
299 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
300 Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
301 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
302 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
303 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
304 Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
305 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
306 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
307 # adopted by same states.
308 Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
309 Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
310 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
311 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
312 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22)
313 # adopted by same states, minus AM.
314 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
315 # adopted by same states, plus TO.
316 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
318 Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
319 Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
320 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
321 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
322 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
323 Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
324 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
325 # From Daniel C. Sobral <dcs@gns.com.br> (1998-02-12):
326 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
327 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
328 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
329 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
330 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
332 # From Paul Eggert (1998-02-25):
333 # <a href="http://churchnet.ucsm.ac.uk/news/files2/news165.htm">
334 # Brazil Prepares for Papal Visit
336 # Church Net UK (1997-10-02).
338 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
339 Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
340 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
342 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
343 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
344 # adopted by the same states as before.
345 Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
346 Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
347 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
348 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
349 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
350 # adds SE, AL, PE, PR, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
351 # These give only one year's rules. After that, the rules are guesses
352 # and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
353 Rule Brazil 1999 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
354 Rule Brazil 2000 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
357 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
359 # Fernando de Noronha
360 Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
361 -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
364 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
365 Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
366 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
369 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
370 # Paraiba (PB), Pernambuco (PE) (except Fernando de Noronha)
371 Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
372 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
373 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
377 Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
378 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
379 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
382 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
383 Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
384 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
385 -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
386 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
387 -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
390 # Bahia (BA), Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
391 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
392 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
393 Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
394 -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
398 # Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul
399 Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
402 # west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
403 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
404 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
408 Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
409 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
410 -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
414 Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
415 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
416 -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
417 -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
421 # Rio_Branco is too ambiguous, since there's a Rio Branco in Uruguay too.
422 Zone America/Porto_Acre -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
423 -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
426 # Martin Vaz and Trindade are like America/Noronha.
431 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
432 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
433 # of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
435 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
436 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
437 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
439 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
440 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
441 # on April 3, (one-time change).
443 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
444 Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
445 Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
446 Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
447 Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
448 Rule Chile 1969 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
449 Rule Chile 1970 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
450 Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 0:00 1:00 S
451 Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
452 Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
453 Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 0:00 0 -
454 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
455 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
456 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
457 Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
458 -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
459 -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
461 Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
462 -7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
463 -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
466 # Whitman says Juan Fernandez Is are like America/Santiago.
467 # San Ambrosio, San Felix
468 # no information; probably like America/Santiago
472 # Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
473 # as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
474 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
475 Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
476 Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
477 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
478 Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
479 -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
480 -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
481 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
482 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
485 # Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
486 # standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
487 # used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
488 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
489 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
490 Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
491 -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
495 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
496 Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
497 -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
498 -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
499 Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
501 -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
504 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
505 Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
506 Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
507 Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
508 Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
509 Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
510 Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
511 Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
512 Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
513 Rule Falk 1985 1995 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
514 Rule Falk 1986 max - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
515 Rule Falk 1996 max - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
516 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
517 Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
518 -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
519 -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
520 -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
524 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
525 Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
526 -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
530 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
531 Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
532 -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
533 -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
535 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
539 # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
540 # Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
541 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
542 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
543 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
544 Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
545 Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
546 Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
547 Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
548 Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
549 Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
550 Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
551 Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
552 Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
553 Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
554 Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
555 Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
556 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
557 Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
558 Rule Para 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
559 Rule Para 1996 1998 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
560 # IATA SSIM (1999-02) says lastSat, not lastSun; (1999-09) reports no date;
562 Rule Para 1999 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
563 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10.
564 Rule Para 1999 max - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
565 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
566 Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
567 -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
568 -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
573 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
574 Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
575 Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
576 Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
577 Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
578 Rule Peru 1987 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
579 Rule Peru 1987 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
580 Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
581 Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
582 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
583 Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
584 Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
585 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
586 Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
587 -5:09 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time
588 -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
591 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
592 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
593 -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
596 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
599 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
600 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
601 -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
602 -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
603 -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
604 -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
607 # Trinidad and Tobago
608 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
609 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
613 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1993-11-18):
614 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
616 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
617 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
618 Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
619 Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
620 Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
621 Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
622 # Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
623 Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
624 Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
625 Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
626 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
627 Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
628 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
629 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
630 Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
631 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
632 Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
633 Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
634 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
635 Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
636 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
637 Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
638 Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
639 Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
640 Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
641 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
642 Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
643 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
644 Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
645 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
646 Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
647 Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
648 Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
649 Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
650 Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
651 Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
652 Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
653 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
654 Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
655 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
656 Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
657 # Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
658 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
659 Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
660 Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
661 Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
662 Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
663 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
664 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
665 -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
666 -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
670 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
671 Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
672 -4:27:44 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time
673 -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
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