2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Peter Wemm.
5 * Copyright (c) 1992 Terrence R. Lambert.
6 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1987, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
9 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
12 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
15 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21 * must display the following acknowledgement:
22 * This product includes software developed by the University of
23 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
25 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
26 * without specific prior written permission.
28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
31 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
40 * from: @(#)machdep.c 7.4 (Berkeley) 6/3/91
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
46 #include "opt_atpic.h"
51 #include "opt_kstack_pages.h"
52 #include "opt_maxmem.h"
54 #include "opt_platform.h"
55 #include "opt_sched.h"
57 #include <sys/param.h>
59 #include <sys/systm.h>
64 #include <sys/callout.h>
69 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
71 #include <sys/imgact.h>
73 #include <sys/kernel.h>
75 #include <sys/linker.h>
77 #include <sys/malloc.h>
78 #include <sys/memrange.h>
80 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
81 #include <sys/mutex.h>
83 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
84 #include <sys/reboot.h>
86 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
87 #include <sys/sched.h>
88 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
92 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
93 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
94 #include <sys/sysent.h>
95 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
96 #include <sys/ucontext.h>
97 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
100 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
101 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
102 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
103 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
104 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
105 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
106 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
107 #include <vm/vm_phys.h>
108 #include <vm/vm_dumpset.h>
112 #error KDB must be enabled in order for DDB to work!
115 #include <ddb/db_sym.h>
118 #include <net/netisr.h>
120 #include <machine/clock.h>
121 #include <machine/cpu.h>
122 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
123 #include <machine/frame.h>
124 #include <machine/intr_machdep.h>
126 #include <machine/md_var.h>
127 #include <machine/metadata.h>
128 #include <machine/pc/bios.h>
129 #include <machine/pcb.h>
130 #include <machine/proc.h>
131 #include <machine/sigframe.h>
132 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
133 #include <machine/trap.h>
134 #include <machine/tss.h>
135 #include <x86/ucode.h>
136 #include <x86/ifunc.h>
138 #include <machine/smp.h>
145 #include <x86/isa/icu.h>
147 #include <x86/apicvar.h>
150 #include <isa/isareg.h>
152 #include <x86/init.h>
154 /* Sanity check for __curthread() */
155 CTASSERT(offsetof(struct pcpu, pc_curthread) == 0);
158 * The PTI trampoline stack needs enough space for a hardware trapframe and a
159 * couple of scratch registers, as well as the trapframe left behind after an
162 CTASSERT(PC_PTI_STACK_SZ * sizeof(register_t) >= 2 * sizeof(struct pti_frame) -
163 offsetof(struct pti_frame, pti_rip));
165 extern u_int64_t hammer_time(u_int64_t, u_int64_t);
167 static void cpu_startup(void *);
168 SYSINIT(cpu, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_FIRST, cpu_startup, NULL);
170 /* Probe 8254 PIT and TSC. */
171 static void native_clock_source_init(void);
173 /* Preload data parse function */
174 static caddr_t native_parse_preload_data(u_int64_t);
176 /* Native function to fetch and parse the e820 map */
177 static void native_parse_memmap(caddr_t, vm_paddr_t *, int *);
179 /* Default init_ops implementation. */
180 struct init_ops init_ops = {
181 .parse_preload_data = native_parse_preload_data,
182 .early_clock_source_init = native_clock_source_init,
183 .early_delay = i8254_delay,
184 .parse_memmap = native_parse_memmap,
188 * Physical address of the EFI System Table. Stashed from the metadata hints
189 * passed into the kernel and used by the EFI code to call runtime services.
191 vm_paddr_t efi_systbl_phys;
193 /* Intel ICH registers */
194 #define ICH_PMBASE 0x400
195 #define ICH_SMI_EN ICH_PMBASE + 0x30
197 int _udatasel, _ucodesel, _ucode32sel, _ufssel, _ugssel;
203 int late_console = 1;
205 struct kva_md_info kmi;
207 struct region_descriptor r_idt;
210 struct pcpu temp_bsp_pcpu;
214 struct mem_range_softc mem_range_softc;
216 struct mtx dt_lock; /* lock for GDT and LDT */
218 void (*vmm_resume_p)(void);
223 cpu_startup(void *dummy)
229 * On MacBooks, we need to disallow the legacy USB circuit to
230 * generate an SMI# because this can cause several problems,
231 * namely: incorrect CPU frequency detection and failure to
233 * We do this by disabling a bit in the SMI_EN (SMI Control and
234 * Enable register) of the Intel ICH LPC Interface Bridge.
236 sysenv = kern_getenv("smbios.system.product");
237 if (sysenv != NULL) {
238 if (strncmp(sysenv, "MacBook1,1", 10) == 0 ||
239 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBook3,1", 10) == 0 ||
240 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBook4,1", 10) == 0 ||
241 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBookPro1,1", 13) == 0 ||
242 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBookPro1,2", 13) == 0 ||
243 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBookPro3,1", 13) == 0 ||
244 strncmp(sysenv, "MacBookPro4,1", 13) == 0 ||
245 strncmp(sysenv, "Macmini1,1", 10) == 0) {
247 printf("Disabling LEGACY_USB_EN bit on "
249 outl(ICH_SMI_EN, inl(ICH_SMI_EN) & ~0x8);
255 * Good {morning,afternoon,evening,night}.
261 * Display physical memory if SMBIOS reports reasonable amount.
264 sysenv = kern_getenv("smbios.memory.enabled");
265 if (sysenv != NULL) {
266 memsize = (uintmax_t)strtoul(sysenv, (char **)NULL, 10) << 10;
269 if (memsize < ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()))
270 memsize = ptoa((uintmax_t)Maxmem);
271 printf("real memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n", memsize, memsize >> 20);
272 realmem = atop(memsize);
275 * Display any holes after the first chunk of extended memory.
280 printf("Physical memory chunk(s):\n");
281 for (indx = 0; phys_avail[indx + 1] != 0; indx += 2) {
284 size = phys_avail[indx + 1] - phys_avail[indx];
286 "0x%016jx - 0x%016jx, %ju bytes (%ju pages)\n",
287 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx],
288 (uintmax_t)phys_avail[indx + 1] - 1,
289 (uintmax_t)size, (uintmax_t)size / PAGE_SIZE);
293 vm_ksubmap_init(&kmi);
295 printf("avail memory = %ju (%ju MB)\n",
296 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()),
297 ptoa((uintmax_t)vm_free_count()) / 1048576);
299 if (bootverbose && intel_graphics_stolen_base != 0)
300 printf("intel stolen mem: base %#jx size %ju MB\n",
301 (uintmax_t)intel_graphics_stolen_base,
302 (uintmax_t)intel_graphics_stolen_size / 1024 / 1024);
306 * Set up buffers, so they can be used to read disk labels.
309 vm_pager_bufferinit();
315 late_ifunc_resolve(void *dummy __unused)
317 link_elf_late_ireloc();
319 SYSINIT(late_ifunc_resolve, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_ANY, late_ifunc_resolve, NULL);
329 * CR0_MP, CR0_NE and CR0_TS are also set by npx_probe() for the
330 * BSP. See the comments there about why we set them.
332 cr0 |= CR0_MP | CR0_NE | CR0_TS | CR0_WP | CR0_AM;
337 * Initialize amd64 and configure to run kernel
341 * Initialize segments & interrupt table
343 static struct gate_descriptor idt0[NIDT];
344 struct gate_descriptor *idt = &idt0[0]; /* interrupt descriptor table */
346 static char dblfault_stack[DBLFAULT_STACK_SIZE] __aligned(16);
347 static char mce0_stack[MCE_STACK_SIZE] __aligned(16);
348 static char nmi0_stack[NMI_STACK_SIZE] __aligned(16);
349 static char dbg0_stack[DBG_STACK_SIZE] __aligned(16);
350 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct nmi_pcpu) == 16);
353 * Software prototypes -- in more palatable form.
355 * Keep GUFS32, GUGS32, GUCODE32 and GUDATA at the same
356 * slots as corresponding segments for i386 kernel.
358 struct soft_segment_descriptor gdt_segs[] = {
359 /* GNULL_SEL 0 Null Descriptor */
368 /* GNULL2_SEL 1 Null Descriptor */
377 /* GUFS32_SEL 2 32 bit %gs Descriptor for user */
379 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
380 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMRWA,
386 /* GUGS32_SEL 3 32 bit %fs Descriptor for user */
388 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
389 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMRWA,
395 /* GCODE_SEL 4 Code Descriptor for kernel */
397 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
398 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMERA,
404 /* GDATA_SEL 5 Data Descriptor for kernel */
406 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
407 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMRWA,
413 /* GUCODE32_SEL 6 32 bit Code Descriptor for user */
415 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
416 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMERA,
422 /* GUDATA_SEL 7 32/64 bit Data Descriptor for user */
424 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
425 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMRWA,
431 /* GUCODE_SEL 8 64 bit Code Descriptor for user */
433 .ssd_limit = 0xfffff,
434 .ssd_type = SDT_MEMERA,
440 /* GPROC0_SEL 9 Proc 0 Tss Descriptor */
442 .ssd_limit = sizeof(struct amd64tss) + IOPERM_BITMAP_SIZE - 1,
443 .ssd_type = SDT_SYSTSS,
449 /* Actually, the TSS is a system descriptor which is double size */
458 /* GUSERLDT_SEL 11 LDT Descriptor */
467 /* GUSERLDT_SEL 12 LDT Descriptor, double size */
477 _Static_assert(nitems(gdt_segs) == NGDT, "Stale NGDT");
480 setidt(int idx, inthand_t *func, int typ, int dpl, int ist)
482 struct gate_descriptor *ip;
485 ip->gd_looffset = (uintptr_t)func;
486 ip->gd_selector = GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL);
492 ip->gd_hioffset = ((uintptr_t)func)>>16 ;
496 IDTVEC(div), IDTVEC(dbg), IDTVEC(nmi), IDTVEC(bpt), IDTVEC(ofl),
497 IDTVEC(bnd), IDTVEC(ill), IDTVEC(dna), IDTVEC(fpusegm),
498 IDTVEC(tss), IDTVEC(missing), IDTVEC(stk), IDTVEC(prot),
499 IDTVEC(page), IDTVEC(mchk), IDTVEC(rsvd), IDTVEC(fpu), IDTVEC(align),
500 IDTVEC(xmm), IDTVEC(dblfault),
501 IDTVEC(div_pti), IDTVEC(bpt_pti),
502 IDTVEC(ofl_pti), IDTVEC(bnd_pti), IDTVEC(ill_pti), IDTVEC(dna_pti),
503 IDTVEC(fpusegm_pti), IDTVEC(tss_pti), IDTVEC(missing_pti),
504 IDTVEC(stk_pti), IDTVEC(prot_pti), IDTVEC(page_pti),
505 IDTVEC(rsvd_pti), IDTVEC(fpu_pti), IDTVEC(align_pti),
508 IDTVEC(dtrace_ret), IDTVEC(dtrace_ret_pti),
511 IDTVEC(xen_intr_upcall), IDTVEC(xen_intr_upcall_pti),
513 IDTVEC(fast_syscall), IDTVEC(fast_syscall32),
514 IDTVEC(fast_syscall_pti);
518 * Display the index and function name of any IDT entries that don't use
519 * the default 'rsvd' entry point.
521 DB_SHOW_COMMAND_FLAGS(idt, db_show_idt, DB_CMD_MEMSAFE)
523 struct gate_descriptor *ip;
528 for (idx = 0; idx < NIDT && !db_pager_quit; idx++) {
529 func = ((long)ip->gd_hioffset << 16 | ip->gd_looffset);
530 if (func != (uintptr_t)&IDTVEC(rsvd)) {
531 db_printf("%3d\t", idx);
532 db_printsym(func, DB_STGY_PROC);
539 /* Show privileged registers. */
540 DB_SHOW_COMMAND_FLAGS(sysregs, db_show_sysregs, DB_CMD_MEMSAFE)
545 } __packed idtr, gdtr;
548 __asm __volatile("sidt %0" : "=m" (idtr));
549 db_printf("idtr\t0x%016lx/%04x\n",
550 (u_long)idtr.base, (u_int)idtr.limit);
551 __asm __volatile("sgdt %0" : "=m" (gdtr));
552 db_printf("gdtr\t0x%016lx/%04x\n",
553 (u_long)gdtr.base, (u_int)gdtr.limit);
554 __asm __volatile("sldt %0" : "=r" (ldt));
555 db_printf("ldtr\t0x%04x\n", ldt);
556 __asm __volatile("str %0" : "=r" (tr));
557 db_printf("tr\t0x%04x\n", tr);
558 db_printf("cr0\t0x%016lx\n", rcr0());
559 db_printf("cr2\t0x%016lx\n", rcr2());
560 db_printf("cr3\t0x%016lx\n", rcr3());
561 db_printf("cr4\t0x%016lx\n", rcr4());
562 if (rcr4() & CR4_XSAVE)
563 db_printf("xcr0\t0x%016lx\n", rxcr(0));
564 db_printf("EFER\t0x%016lx\n", rdmsr(MSR_EFER));
565 if (cpu_feature2 & (CPUID2_VMX | CPUID2_SMX))
566 db_printf("FEATURES_CTL\t%016lx\n",
567 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL));
568 db_printf("DEBUG_CTL\t0x%016lx\n", rdmsr(MSR_DEBUGCTLMSR));
569 db_printf("PAT\t0x%016lx\n", rdmsr(MSR_PAT));
570 db_printf("GSBASE\t0x%016lx\n", rdmsr(MSR_GSBASE));
573 DB_SHOW_COMMAND_FLAGS(dbregs, db_show_dbregs, DB_CMD_MEMSAFE)
576 db_printf("dr0\t0x%016lx\n", rdr0());
577 db_printf("dr1\t0x%016lx\n", rdr1());
578 db_printf("dr2\t0x%016lx\n", rdr2());
579 db_printf("dr3\t0x%016lx\n", rdr3());
580 db_printf("dr6\t0x%016lx\n", rdr6());
581 db_printf("dr7\t0x%016lx\n", rdr7());
586 sdtossd(struct user_segment_descriptor *sd, struct soft_segment_descriptor *ssd)
589 ssd->ssd_base = (sd->sd_hibase << 24) | sd->sd_lobase;
590 ssd->ssd_limit = (sd->sd_hilimit << 16) | sd->sd_lolimit;
591 ssd->ssd_type = sd->sd_type;
592 ssd->ssd_dpl = sd->sd_dpl;
593 ssd->ssd_p = sd->sd_p;
594 ssd->ssd_long = sd->sd_long;
595 ssd->ssd_def32 = sd->sd_def32;
596 ssd->ssd_gran = sd->sd_gran;
600 ssdtosd(struct soft_segment_descriptor *ssd, struct user_segment_descriptor *sd)
603 sd->sd_lobase = (ssd->ssd_base) & 0xffffff;
604 sd->sd_hibase = (ssd->ssd_base >> 24) & 0xff;
605 sd->sd_lolimit = (ssd->ssd_limit) & 0xffff;
606 sd->sd_hilimit = (ssd->ssd_limit >> 16) & 0xf;
607 sd->sd_type = ssd->ssd_type;
608 sd->sd_dpl = ssd->ssd_dpl;
609 sd->sd_p = ssd->ssd_p;
610 sd->sd_long = ssd->ssd_long;
611 sd->sd_def32 = ssd->ssd_def32;
612 sd->sd_gran = ssd->ssd_gran;
616 ssdtosyssd(struct soft_segment_descriptor *ssd, struct system_segment_descriptor *sd)
619 sd->sd_lobase = (ssd->ssd_base) & 0xffffff;
620 sd->sd_hibase = (ssd->ssd_base >> 24) & 0xfffffffffful;
621 sd->sd_lolimit = (ssd->ssd_limit) & 0xffff;
622 sd->sd_hilimit = (ssd->ssd_limit >> 16) & 0xf;
623 sd->sd_type = ssd->ssd_type;
624 sd->sd_dpl = ssd->ssd_dpl;
625 sd->sd_p = ssd->ssd_p;
626 sd->sd_gran = ssd->ssd_gran;
632 add_physmap_entry(uint64_t base, uint64_t length, vm_paddr_t *physmap,
635 int i, insert_idx, physmap_idx;
637 physmap_idx = *physmap_idxp;
643 * Find insertion point while checking for overlap. Start off by
644 * assuming the new entry will be added to the end.
646 * NB: physmap_idx points to the next free slot.
648 insert_idx = physmap_idx;
649 for (i = 0; i <= physmap_idx; i += 2) {
650 if (base < physmap[i + 1]) {
651 if (base + length <= physmap[i]) {
655 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE)
657 "Overlapping memory regions, ignoring second region\n");
662 /* See if we can prepend to the next entry. */
663 if (insert_idx <= physmap_idx && base + length == physmap[insert_idx]) {
664 physmap[insert_idx] = base;
668 /* See if we can append to the previous entry. */
669 if (insert_idx > 0 && base == physmap[insert_idx - 1]) {
670 physmap[insert_idx - 1] += length;
675 *physmap_idxp = physmap_idx;
676 if (physmap_idx == PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES) {
678 "Too many segments in the physical address map, giving up\n");
683 * Move the last 'N' entries down to make room for the new
686 for (i = (physmap_idx - 2); i > insert_idx; i -= 2) {
687 physmap[i] = physmap[i - 2];
688 physmap[i + 1] = physmap[i - 1];
691 /* Insert the new entry. */
692 physmap[insert_idx] = base;
693 physmap[insert_idx + 1] = base + length;
698 bios_add_smap_entries(struct bios_smap *smapbase, u_int32_t smapsize,
699 vm_paddr_t *physmap, int *physmap_idx)
701 struct bios_smap *smap, *smapend;
703 smapend = (struct bios_smap *)((uintptr_t)smapbase + smapsize);
705 for (smap = smapbase; smap < smapend; smap++) {
706 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE)
707 printf("SMAP type=%02x base=%016lx len=%016lx\n",
708 smap->type, smap->base, smap->length);
710 if (smap->type != SMAP_TYPE_MEMORY)
713 if (!add_physmap_entry(smap->base, smap->length, physmap,
720 add_efi_map_entries(struct efi_map_header *efihdr, vm_paddr_t *physmap,
723 struct efi_md *map, *p;
728 static const char *types[] = {
734 "RuntimeServicesCode",
735 "RuntimeServicesData",
736 "ConventionalMemory",
741 "MemoryMappedIOPortSpace",
747 * Memory map data provided by UEFI via the GetMemoryMap
750 efisz = (sizeof(struct efi_map_header) + 0xf) & ~0xf;
751 map = (struct efi_md *)((uint8_t *)efihdr + efisz);
753 if (efihdr->descriptor_size == 0)
755 ndesc = efihdr->memory_size / efihdr->descriptor_size;
757 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE)
758 printf("%23s %12s %12s %8s %4s\n",
759 "Type", "Physical", "Virtual", "#Pages", "Attr");
761 for (i = 0, p = map; i < ndesc; i++,
762 p = efi_next_descriptor(p, efihdr->descriptor_size)) {
763 if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE) {
764 if (p->md_type < nitems(types))
765 type = types[p->md_type];
768 printf("%23s %012lx %012lx %08lx ", type, p->md_phys,
769 p->md_virt, p->md_pages);
770 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_UC)
772 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WC)
774 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WT)
776 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WB)
778 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_UCE)
780 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_WP)
782 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_RP)
784 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_XP)
786 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_NV)
788 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_MORE_RELIABLE)
789 printf("MORE_RELIABLE ");
790 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_RO)
792 if (p->md_attr & EFI_MD_ATTR_RT)
797 switch (p->md_type) {
798 case EFI_MD_TYPE_CODE:
799 case EFI_MD_TYPE_DATA:
800 case EFI_MD_TYPE_BS_CODE:
801 case EFI_MD_TYPE_BS_DATA:
802 case EFI_MD_TYPE_FREE:
804 * We're allowed to use any entry with these types.
811 if (!add_physmap_entry(p->md_phys, p->md_pages * EFI_PAGE_SIZE,
812 physmap, physmap_idx))
818 native_parse_memmap(caddr_t kmdp, vm_paddr_t *physmap, int *physmap_idx)
820 struct bios_smap *smap;
821 struct efi_map_header *efihdr;
825 * Memory map from INT 15:E820.
827 * subr_module.c says:
828 * "Consumer may safely assume that size value precedes data."
829 * ie: an int32_t immediately precedes smap.
832 efihdr = (struct efi_map_header *)preload_search_info(kmdp,
833 MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_EFI_MAP);
834 smap = (struct bios_smap *)preload_search_info(kmdp,
835 MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_SMAP);
836 if (efihdr == NULL && smap == NULL)
837 panic("No BIOS smap or EFI map info from loader!");
839 if (efihdr != NULL) {
840 add_efi_map_entries(efihdr, physmap, physmap_idx);
841 strlcpy(bootmethod, "UEFI", sizeof(bootmethod));
843 size = *((u_int32_t *)smap - 1);
844 bios_add_smap_entries(smap, size, physmap, physmap_idx);
845 strlcpy(bootmethod, "BIOS", sizeof(bootmethod));
849 #define PAGES_PER_GB (1024 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE)
852 * Populate the (physmap) array with base/bound pairs describing the
853 * available physical memory in the system, then test this memory and
854 * build the phys_avail array describing the actually-available memory.
856 * Total memory size may be set by the kernel environment variable
857 * hw.physmem or the compile-time define MAXMEM.
859 * XXX first should be vm_paddr_t.
862 getmemsize(caddr_t kmdp, u_int64_t first)
864 int i, physmap_idx, pa_indx, da_indx;
865 vm_paddr_t pa, physmap[PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES];
866 u_long physmem_start, physmem_tunable, memtest;
868 quad_t dcons_addr, dcons_size;
872 * Tell the physical memory allocator about pages used to store
873 * the kernel and preloaded data. See kmem_bootstrap_free().
875 vm_phys_early_add_seg((vm_paddr_t)kernphys, trunc_page(first));
877 bzero(physmap, sizeof(physmap));
880 init_ops.parse_memmap(kmdp, physmap, &physmap_idx);
884 * Find the 'base memory' segment for SMP
887 for (i = 0; i <= physmap_idx; i += 2) {
888 if (physmap[i] <= 0xA0000) {
889 basemem = physmap[i + 1] / 1024;
893 if (basemem == 0 || basemem > 640) {
896 "Memory map doesn't contain a basemem segment, faking it");
901 * Maxmem isn't the "maximum memory", it's one larger than the
902 * highest page of the physical address space. It should be
903 * called something like "Maxphyspage". We may adjust this
904 * based on ``hw.physmem'' and the results of the memory test.
906 Maxmem = atop(physmap[physmap_idx + 1]);
912 if (TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("hw.physmem", &physmem_tunable))
913 Maxmem = atop(physmem_tunable);
916 * The boot memory test is disabled by default, as it takes a
917 * significant amount of time on large-memory systems, and is
918 * unfriendly to virtual machines as it unnecessarily touches all
921 * A general name is used as the code may be extended to support
922 * additional tests beyond the current "page present" test.
925 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("hw.memtest.tests", &memtest);
928 * Don't allow MAXMEM or hw.physmem to extend the amount of memory
931 if (Maxmem > atop(physmap[physmap_idx + 1]))
932 Maxmem = atop(physmap[physmap_idx + 1]);
934 if (atop(physmap[physmap_idx + 1]) != Maxmem &&
935 (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE))
936 printf("Physical memory use set to %ldK\n", Maxmem * 4);
938 /* call pmap initialization to make new kernel address space */
939 pmap_bootstrap(&first);
942 * Size up each available chunk of physical memory.
944 * XXX Some BIOSes corrupt low 64KB between suspend and resume.
945 * By default, mask off the first 16 pages unless we appear to be
948 physmem_start = (vm_guest > VM_GUEST_NO ? 1 : 16) << PAGE_SHIFT;
949 TUNABLE_ULONG_FETCH("hw.physmem.start", &physmem_start);
950 if (physmap[0] < physmem_start) {
951 if (physmem_start < PAGE_SIZE)
952 physmap[0] = PAGE_SIZE;
953 else if (physmem_start >= physmap[1])
954 physmap[0] = round_page(physmap[1] - PAGE_SIZE);
956 physmap[0] = round_page(physmem_start);
960 phys_avail[pa_indx++] = physmap[0];
961 phys_avail[pa_indx] = physmap[0];
962 dump_avail[da_indx] = physmap[0];
966 * Get dcons buffer address
968 if (getenv_quad("dcons.addr", &dcons_addr) == 0 ||
969 getenv_quad("dcons.size", &dcons_size) == 0)
973 * physmap is in bytes, so when converting to page boundaries,
974 * round up the start address and round down the end address.
978 printf("Testing system memory");
979 for (i = 0; i <= physmap_idx; i += 2) {
982 end = ptoa((vm_paddr_t)Maxmem);
983 if (physmap[i + 1] < end)
984 end = trunc_page(physmap[i + 1]);
985 for (pa = round_page(physmap[i]); pa < end; pa += PAGE_SIZE) {
986 int tmp, page_bad, full;
987 int *ptr = (int *)CADDR1;
991 * block out kernel memory as not available.
993 if (pa >= (vm_paddr_t)kernphys && pa < first)
997 * block out dcons buffer
1000 && pa >= trunc_page(dcons_addr)
1001 && pa < dcons_addr + dcons_size)
1009 * Print a "." every GB to show we're making
1013 if ((page_counter % PAGES_PER_GB) == 0)
1017 * map page into kernel: valid, read/write,non-cacheable
1019 *pte = pa | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD;
1024 * Test for alternating 1's and 0's
1026 *(volatile int *)ptr = 0xaaaaaaaa;
1027 if (*(volatile int *)ptr != 0xaaaaaaaa)
1030 * Test for alternating 0's and 1's
1032 *(volatile int *)ptr = 0x55555555;
1033 if (*(volatile int *)ptr != 0x55555555)
1038 *(volatile int *)ptr = 0xffffffff;
1039 if (*(volatile int *)ptr != 0xffffffff)
1044 *(volatile int *)ptr = 0x0;
1045 if (*(volatile int *)ptr != 0x0)
1048 * Restore original value.
1054 * Adjust array of valid/good pages.
1056 if (page_bad == TRUE)
1059 * If this good page is a continuation of the
1060 * previous set of good pages, then just increase
1061 * the end pointer. Otherwise start a new chunk.
1062 * Note that "end" points one higher than end,
1063 * making the range >= start and < end.
1064 * If we're also doing a speculative memory
1065 * test and we at or past the end, bump up Maxmem
1066 * so that we keep going. The first bad page
1067 * will terminate the loop.
1069 if (phys_avail[pa_indx] == pa) {
1070 phys_avail[pa_indx] += PAGE_SIZE;
1073 if (pa_indx == PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES) {
1075 "Too many holes in the physical address space, giving up\n");
1080 phys_avail[pa_indx++] = pa; /* start */
1081 phys_avail[pa_indx] = pa + PAGE_SIZE; /* end */
1085 if (dump_avail[da_indx] == pa) {
1086 dump_avail[da_indx] += PAGE_SIZE;
1089 if (da_indx == PHYS_AVAIL_ENTRIES) {
1093 dump_avail[da_indx++] = pa; /* start */
1094 dump_avail[da_indx] = pa + PAGE_SIZE; /* end */
1108 * The last chunk must contain at least one page plus the message
1109 * buffer to avoid complicating other code (message buffer address
1110 * calculation, etc.).
1112 while (phys_avail[pa_indx - 1] + PAGE_SIZE +
1113 round_page(msgbufsize) >= phys_avail[pa_indx]) {
1114 physmem -= atop(phys_avail[pa_indx] - phys_avail[pa_indx - 1]);
1115 phys_avail[pa_indx--] = 0;
1116 phys_avail[pa_indx--] = 0;
1119 Maxmem = atop(phys_avail[pa_indx]);
1121 /* Trim off space for the message buffer. */
1122 phys_avail[pa_indx] -= round_page(msgbufsize);
1124 /* Map the message buffer. */
1125 msgbufp = (struct msgbuf *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(phys_avail[pa_indx]);
1129 native_parse_preload_data(u_int64_t modulep)
1134 vm_offset_t ksym_start;
1135 vm_offset_t ksym_end;
1138 preload_metadata = (caddr_t)(uintptr_t)(modulep + KERNBASE);
1139 preload_bootstrap_relocate(KERNBASE);
1140 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf kernel");
1142 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf64 kernel");
1143 boothowto = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_HOWTO, int);
1144 envp = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ENVP, char *);
1147 init_static_kenv(envp, 0);
1149 ksym_start = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_SSYM, uintptr_t);
1150 ksym_end = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_ESYM, uintptr_t);
1151 db_fetch_ksymtab(ksym_start, ksym_end, 0);
1153 efi_systbl_phys = MD_FETCH(kmdp, MODINFOMD_FW_HANDLE, vm_paddr_t);
1159 native_clock_source_init(void)
1165 amd64_kdb_init(void)
1169 if (boothowto & RB_KDB)
1170 kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_BOOTFLAGS, "Boot flags requested debugger");
1174 /* Set up the fast syscall stuff */
1176 amd64_conf_fast_syscall(void)
1180 msr = rdmsr(MSR_EFER) | EFER_SCE;
1181 wrmsr(MSR_EFER, msr);
1182 wrmsr(MSR_LSTAR, pti ? (u_int64_t)IDTVEC(fast_syscall_pti) :
1183 (u_int64_t)IDTVEC(fast_syscall));
1184 wrmsr(MSR_CSTAR, (u_int64_t)IDTVEC(fast_syscall32));
1185 msr = ((u_int64_t)GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL) << 32) |
1186 ((u_int64_t)GSEL(GUCODE32_SEL, SEL_UPL) << 48);
1187 wrmsr(MSR_STAR, msr);
1188 wrmsr(MSR_SF_MASK, PSL_NT | PSL_T | PSL_I | PSL_C | PSL_D | PSL_AC);
1192 amd64_bsp_pcpu_init1(struct pcpu *pc)
1194 struct user_segment_descriptor *gdt;
1196 PCPU_SET(prvspace, pc);
1197 gdt = *PCPU_PTR(gdt);
1198 PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0);
1199 PCPU_SET(tssp, PCPU_PTR(common_tss));
1200 PCPU_SET(tss, (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[GPROC0_SEL]);
1201 PCPU_SET(ldt, (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[GUSERLDT_SEL]);
1202 PCPU_SET(fs32p, &gdt[GUFS32_SEL]);
1203 PCPU_SET(gs32p, &gdt[GUGS32_SEL]);
1204 PCPU_SET(ucr3_load_mask, PMAP_UCR3_NOMASK);
1205 PCPU_SET(smp_tlb_gen, 1);
1209 amd64_bsp_pcpu_init2(uint64_t rsp0)
1212 PCPU_SET(rsp0, rsp0);
1213 PCPU_SET(pti_rsp0, ((vm_offset_t)PCPU_PTR(pti_stack) +
1214 PC_PTI_STACK_SZ * sizeof(uint64_t)) & ~0xful);
1215 PCPU_SET(curpcb, thread0.td_pcb);
1219 amd64_bsp_ist_init(struct pcpu *pc)
1221 struct nmi_pcpu *np;
1222 struct amd64tss *tssp;
1224 tssp = &pc->pc_common_tss;
1226 /* doublefault stack space, runs on ist1 */
1227 np = ((struct nmi_pcpu *)&dblfault_stack[sizeof(dblfault_stack)]) - 1;
1228 np->np_pcpu = (register_t)pc;
1229 tssp->tss_ist1 = (long)np;
1232 * NMI stack, runs on ist2. The pcpu pointer is stored just
1233 * above the start of the ist2 stack.
1235 np = ((struct nmi_pcpu *)&nmi0_stack[sizeof(nmi0_stack)]) - 1;
1236 np->np_pcpu = (register_t)pc;
1237 tssp->tss_ist2 = (long)np;
1240 * MC# stack, runs on ist3. The pcpu pointer is stored just
1241 * above the start of the ist3 stack.
1243 np = ((struct nmi_pcpu *)&mce0_stack[sizeof(mce0_stack)]) - 1;
1244 np->np_pcpu = (register_t)pc;
1245 tssp->tss_ist3 = (long)np;
1248 * DB# stack, runs on ist4.
1250 np = ((struct nmi_pcpu *)&dbg0_stack[sizeof(dbg0_stack)]) - 1;
1251 np->np_pcpu = (register_t)pc;
1252 tssp->tss_ist4 = (long)np;
1256 * Calculate the kernel load address by inspecting page table created by loader.
1258 * - kernel is mapped at KERNBASE, backed by contiguous phys memory
1259 * aligned at 2M, below 4G (the latter is important for AP startup)
1260 * - there is a 2M hole at KERNBASE (KERNSTART = KERNBASE + 2M)
1261 * - kernel is mapped with 2M superpages
1262 * - all participating memory, i.e. kernel, modules, metadata,
1263 * page table is accessible by pre-created 1:1 mapping
1264 * (right now loader creates 1:1 mapping for lower 4G, and all
1265 * memory is from there)
1266 * - there is a usable memory block right after the end of the
1267 * mapped kernel and all modules/metadata, pointed to by
1268 * physfree, for early allocations
1270 vm_paddr_t __nosanitizeaddress __nosanitizememory
1271 amd64_loadaddr(void)
1273 pml4_entry_t *pml4e;
1279 pml4e = (pml4_entry_t *)cr3 + pmap_pml4e_index(KERNSTART);
1280 pdpe = (pdp_entry_t *)(*pml4e & PG_FRAME) + pmap_pdpe_index(KERNSTART);
1281 pde = (pd_entry_t *)(*pdpe & PG_FRAME) + pmap_pde_index(KERNSTART);
1282 return (*pde & PG_FRAME);
1286 hammer_time(u_int64_t modulep, u_int64_t physfree)
1293 struct user_segment_descriptor *gdt;
1294 struct region_descriptor r_gdt;
1297 TSRAW(&thread0, TS_ENTER, __func__, NULL);
1299 kernphys = amd64_loadaddr();
1301 physfree += kernphys;
1303 kmdp = init_ops.parse_preload_data(modulep);
1305 efi_boot = preload_search_info(kmdp, MODINFO_METADATA |
1306 MODINFOMD_EFI_MAP) != NULL;
1309 /* Tell the bios to warmboot next time */
1310 atomic_store_short((u_short *)0x472, 0x1234);
1313 physfree += ucode_load_bsp(physfree - kernphys + KERNSTART);
1314 physfree = roundup2(physfree, PAGE_SIZE);
1317 identify_hypervisor();
1318 identify_cpu_fixup_bsp();
1320 initializecpucache();
1323 * Check for pti, pcid, and invpcid before ifuncs are
1324 * resolved, to correctly select the implementation for
1325 * pmap_activate_sw_mode().
1327 pti = pti_get_default();
1328 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pti", &pti);
1329 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pcid_enabled", &pmap_pcid_enabled);
1330 if ((cpu_feature2 & CPUID2_PCID) != 0 && pmap_pcid_enabled) {
1331 invpcid_works = (cpu_stdext_feature &
1332 CPUID_STDEXT_INVPCID) != 0;
1334 pmap_pcid_enabled = 0;
1338 * Now we can do small core initialization, after the PCID
1339 * CPU features and user knobs are evaluated.
1341 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pcid_invlpg_workaround",
1342 &pmap_pcid_invlpg_workaround_uena);
1343 cpu_init_small_core();
1345 link_elf_ireloc(kmdp);
1348 * This may be done better later if it gets more high level
1349 * components in it. If so just link td->td_proc here.
1351 proc_linkup0(&proc0, &thread0);
1353 /* Init basic tunables, hz etc */
1356 thread0.td_kstack = physfree - kernphys + KERNSTART;
1357 thread0.td_kstack_pages = kstack_pages;
1358 kstack0_sz = thread0.td_kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE;
1359 bzero((void *)thread0.td_kstack, kstack0_sz);
1360 physfree += kstack0_sz;
1363 * Initialize enough of thread0 for delayed invalidation to
1364 * work very early. Rely on thread0.td_base_pri
1365 * zero-initialization, it is reset to PVM at proc0_init().
1367 pmap_thread_init_invl_gen(&thread0);
1369 pc = &temp_bsp_pcpu;
1370 pcpu_init(pc, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu));
1371 gdt = &temp_bsp_pcpu.pc_gdt[0];
1374 * make gdt memory segments
1376 for (x = 0; x < NGDT; x++) {
1377 if (x != GPROC0_SEL && x != (GPROC0_SEL + 1) &&
1378 x != GUSERLDT_SEL && x != (GUSERLDT_SEL) + 1)
1379 ssdtosd(&gdt_segs[x], &gdt[x]);
1381 gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL].ssd_base = (uintptr_t)&pc->pc_common_tss;
1382 ssdtosyssd(&gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL],
1383 (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[GPROC0_SEL]);
1385 r_gdt.rd_limit = NGDT * sizeof(gdt[0]) - 1;
1386 r_gdt.rd_base = (long)gdt;
1389 wrmsr(MSR_FSBASE, 0); /* User value */
1390 wrmsr(MSR_GSBASE, (u_int64_t)pc);
1391 wrmsr(MSR_KGSBASE, 0); /* User value while in the kernel */
1393 dpcpu_init((void *)(physfree - kernphys + KERNSTART), 0);
1394 physfree += DPCPU_SIZE;
1395 amd64_bsp_pcpu_init1(pc);
1396 /* Non-late cninit() and printf() can be moved up to here. */
1399 * Initialize mutexes.
1401 * icu_lock: in order to allow an interrupt to occur in a critical
1402 * section, to set pcpu->ipending (etc...) properly, we
1403 * must be able to get the icu lock, so it can't be
1407 mtx_init(&icu_lock, "icu", NULL, MTX_SPIN | MTX_NOWITNESS);
1408 mtx_init(&dt_lock, "descriptor tables", NULL, MTX_DEF);
1411 for (x = 0; x < NIDT; x++)
1412 setidt(x, pti ? &IDTVEC(rsvd_pti) : &IDTVEC(rsvd), SDT_SYSIGT,
1414 setidt(IDT_DE, pti ? &IDTVEC(div_pti) : &IDTVEC(div), SDT_SYSIGT,
1416 setidt(IDT_DB, &IDTVEC(dbg), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 4);
1417 setidt(IDT_NMI, &IDTVEC(nmi), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 2);
1418 setidt(IDT_BP, pti ? &IDTVEC(bpt_pti) : &IDTVEC(bpt), SDT_SYSIGT,
1420 setidt(IDT_OF, pti ? &IDTVEC(ofl_pti) : &IDTVEC(ofl), SDT_SYSIGT,
1422 setidt(IDT_BR, pti ? &IDTVEC(bnd_pti) : &IDTVEC(bnd), SDT_SYSIGT,
1424 setidt(IDT_UD, pti ? &IDTVEC(ill_pti) : &IDTVEC(ill), SDT_SYSIGT,
1426 setidt(IDT_NM, pti ? &IDTVEC(dna_pti) : &IDTVEC(dna), SDT_SYSIGT,
1428 setidt(IDT_DF, &IDTVEC(dblfault), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 1);
1429 setidt(IDT_FPUGP, pti ? &IDTVEC(fpusegm_pti) : &IDTVEC(fpusegm),
1430 SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
1431 setidt(IDT_TS, pti ? &IDTVEC(tss_pti) : &IDTVEC(tss), SDT_SYSIGT,
1433 setidt(IDT_NP, pti ? &IDTVEC(missing_pti) : &IDTVEC(missing),
1434 SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
1435 setidt(IDT_SS, pti ? &IDTVEC(stk_pti) : &IDTVEC(stk), SDT_SYSIGT,
1437 setidt(IDT_GP, pti ? &IDTVEC(prot_pti) : &IDTVEC(prot), SDT_SYSIGT,
1439 setidt(IDT_PF, pti ? &IDTVEC(page_pti) : &IDTVEC(page), SDT_SYSIGT,
1441 setidt(IDT_MF, pti ? &IDTVEC(fpu_pti) : &IDTVEC(fpu), SDT_SYSIGT,
1443 setidt(IDT_AC, pti ? &IDTVEC(align_pti) : &IDTVEC(align), SDT_SYSIGT,
1445 setidt(IDT_MC, &IDTVEC(mchk), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 3);
1446 setidt(IDT_XF, pti ? &IDTVEC(xmm_pti) : &IDTVEC(xmm), SDT_SYSIGT,
1448 #ifdef KDTRACE_HOOKS
1449 setidt(IDT_DTRACE_RET, pti ? &IDTVEC(dtrace_ret_pti) :
1450 &IDTVEC(dtrace_ret), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_UPL, 0);
1453 setidt(IDT_EVTCHN, pti ? &IDTVEC(xen_intr_upcall_pti) :
1454 &IDTVEC(xen_intr_upcall), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
1456 r_idt.rd_limit = sizeof(idt0) - 1;
1457 r_idt.rd_base = (long) idt;
1461 * Use vt(4) by default for UEFI boot (during the sc(4)/vt(4)
1463 * Once bootblocks have updated, we can test directly for
1464 * efi_systbl != NULL here...
1467 vty_set_preferred(VTY_VT);
1469 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("hw.ibrs_disable", &hw_ibrs_disable);
1470 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.mitigations.ibrs.disable", &hw_ibrs_disable);
1472 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("hw.spec_store_bypass_disable", &hw_ssb_disable);
1473 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.mitigations.ssb.disable", &hw_ssb_disable);
1475 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.syscall_ret_l1d_flush",
1476 &syscall_ret_l1d_flush_mode);
1478 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("hw.mds_disable", &hw_mds_disable);
1479 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.mitigations.mds.disable", &hw_mds_disable);
1481 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.mitigations.taa.enable", &x86_taa_enable);
1483 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.mitigations.rndgs.enable",
1484 &x86_rngds_mitg_enable);
1486 finishidentcpu(); /* Final stage of CPU initialization */
1489 * Initialize the clock before the console so that console
1490 * initialization can use DELAY().
1494 initializecpu(); /* Initialize CPU registers */
1496 amd64_bsp_ist_init(pc);
1498 /* Set the IO permission bitmap (empty due to tss seg limit) */
1499 pc->pc_common_tss.tss_iobase = sizeof(struct amd64tss) +
1502 gsel_tss = GSEL(GPROC0_SEL, SEL_KPL);
1505 amd64_conf_fast_syscall();
1508 * We initialize the PCB pointer early so that exception
1509 * handlers will work. Also set up td_critnest to short-cut
1510 * the page fault handler.
1512 cpu_max_ext_state_size = sizeof(struct savefpu);
1513 set_top_of_stack_td(&thread0);
1514 thread0.td_pcb = get_pcb_td(&thread0);
1515 thread0.td_critnest = 1;
1518 * The console and kdb should be initialized even earlier than here,
1519 * but some console drivers don't work until after getmemsize().
1520 * Default to late console initialization to support these drivers.
1521 * This loses mainly printf()s in getmemsize() and early debugging.
1523 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("debug.late_console", &late_console);
1524 if (!late_console) {
1529 getmemsize(kmdp, physfree);
1530 init_param2(physmem);
1532 /* now running on new page tables, configured,and u/iom is accessible */
1535 /* This call might adjust phys_avail[]. */
1543 * Dump the boot metadata. We have to wait for cninit() since console
1544 * output is required. If it's grossly incorrect the kernel will never
1547 if (getenv_is_true("debug.dump_modinfo_at_boot"))
1555 /* Reset and mask the atpics and leave them shut down. */
1559 * Point the ICU spurious interrupt vectors at the APIC spurious
1560 * interrupt handler.
1562 setidt(IDT_IO_INTS + 7, IDTVEC(spuriousint), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
1563 setidt(IDT_IO_INTS + 15, IDTVEC(spuriousint), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
1566 #error "have you forgotten the isa device?"
1572 msgbufinit(msgbufp, msgbufsize);
1575 /* make an initial tss so cpu can get interrupt stack on syscall! */
1576 rsp0 = thread0.td_md.md_stack_base;
1577 /* Ensure the stack is aligned to 16 bytes */
1579 PCPU_PTR(common_tss)->tss_rsp0 = rsp0;
1580 amd64_bsp_pcpu_init2(rsp0);
1582 /* transfer to user mode */
1584 _ucodesel = GSEL(GUCODE_SEL, SEL_UPL);
1585 _udatasel = GSEL(GUDATA_SEL, SEL_UPL);
1586 _ucode32sel = GSEL(GUCODE32_SEL, SEL_UPL);
1587 _ufssel = GSEL(GUFS32_SEL, SEL_UPL);
1588 _ugssel = GSEL(GUGS32_SEL, SEL_UPL);
1594 /* setup proc 0's pcb */
1595 thread0.td_pcb->pcb_flags = 0;
1597 env = kern_getenv("kernelname");
1599 strlcpy(kernelname, env, sizeof(kernelname));
1606 thread0.td_critnest = 0;
1613 /* Location of kernel stack for locore */
1614 return (thread0.td_md.md_stack_base);
1618 cpu_pcpu_init(struct pcpu *pcpu, int cpuid, size_t size)
1621 pcpu->pc_acpi_id = 0xffffffff;
1625 smap_sysctl_handler(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1627 struct bios_smap *smapbase;
1628 struct bios_smap_xattr smap;
1631 int count, error, i;
1633 /* Retrieve the system memory map from the loader. */
1634 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf kernel");
1636 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf64 kernel");
1637 smapbase = (struct bios_smap *)preload_search_info(kmdp,
1638 MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_SMAP);
1639 if (smapbase == NULL)
1641 smapattr = (uint32_t *)preload_search_info(kmdp,
1642 MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_SMAP_XATTR);
1643 count = *((uint32_t *)smapbase - 1) / sizeof(*smapbase);
1645 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1646 smap.base = smapbase[i].base;
1647 smap.length = smapbase[i].length;
1648 smap.type = smapbase[i].type;
1649 if (smapattr != NULL)
1650 smap.xattr = smapattr[i];
1653 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &smap, sizeof(smap));
1657 SYSCTL_PROC(_machdep, OID_AUTO, smap,
1658 CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0,
1659 smap_sysctl_handler, "S,bios_smap_xattr",
1660 "Raw BIOS SMAP data");
1663 efi_map_sysctl_handler(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1665 struct efi_map_header *efihdr;
1669 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf kernel");
1671 kmdp = preload_search_by_type("elf64 kernel");
1672 efihdr = (struct efi_map_header *)preload_search_info(kmdp,
1673 MODINFO_METADATA | MODINFOMD_EFI_MAP);
1676 efisize = *((uint32_t *)efihdr - 1);
1677 return (SYSCTL_OUT(req, efihdr, efisize));
1679 SYSCTL_PROC(_machdep, OID_AUTO, efi_map,
1680 CTLTYPE_OPAQUE | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, NULL, 0,
1681 efi_map_sysctl_handler, "S,efi_map_header",
1682 "Raw EFI Memory Map");
1685 spinlock_enter(void)
1691 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) {
1692 flags = intr_disable();
1693 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count = 1;
1694 td->td_md.md_saved_flags = flags;
1697 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count++;
1707 flags = td->td_md.md_saved_flags;
1708 td->td_md.md_spinlock_count--;
1709 if (td->td_md.md_spinlock_count == 0) {
1711 intr_restore(flags);
1716 * Construct a PCB from a trapframe. This is called from kdb_trap() where
1717 * we want to start a backtrace from the function that caused us to enter
1718 * the debugger. We have the context in the trapframe, but base the trace
1719 * on the PCB. The PCB doesn't have to be perfect, as long as it contains
1720 * enough for a backtrace.
1723 makectx(struct trapframe *tf, struct pcb *pcb)
1726 pcb->pcb_r12 = tf->tf_r12;
1727 pcb->pcb_r13 = tf->tf_r13;
1728 pcb->pcb_r14 = tf->tf_r14;
1729 pcb->pcb_r15 = tf->tf_r15;
1730 pcb->pcb_rbp = tf->tf_rbp;
1731 pcb->pcb_rbx = tf->tf_rbx;
1732 pcb->pcb_rip = tf->tf_rip;
1733 pcb->pcb_rsp = tf->tf_rsp;
1737 * The pcb_flags is only modified by current thread, or by other threads
1738 * when current thread is stopped. However, current thread may change it
1739 * from the interrupt context in cpu_switch(), or in the trap handler.
1740 * When we read-modify-write pcb_flags from C sources, compiler may generate
1741 * code that is not atomic regarding the interrupt handler. If a trap or
1742 * interrupt happens and any flag is modified from the handler, it can be
1743 * clobbered with the cached value later. Therefore, we implement setting
1744 * and clearing flags with single-instruction functions, which do not race
1745 * with possible modification of the flags from the trap or interrupt context,
1746 * because traps and interrupts are executed only on instruction boundary.
1749 set_pcb_flags_raw(struct pcb *pcb, const u_int flags)
1752 __asm __volatile("orl %1,%0"
1753 : "=m" (pcb->pcb_flags) : "ir" (flags), "m" (pcb->pcb_flags)
1759 * The support for RDFSBASE, WRFSBASE and similar instructions for %gs
1760 * base requires that kernel saves MSR_FSBASE and MSR_{K,}GSBASE into
1761 * pcb if user space modified the bases. We must save on the context
1762 * switch or if the return to usermode happens through the doreti.
1764 * Tracking of both events is performed by the pcb flag PCB_FULL_IRET,
1765 * which have a consequence that the base MSRs must be saved each time
1766 * the PCB_FULL_IRET flag is set. We disable interrupts to sync with
1770 set_pcb_flags_fsgsbase(struct pcb *pcb, const u_int flags)
1774 if (curpcb == pcb &&
1775 (flags & PCB_FULL_IRET) != 0 &&
1776 (pcb->pcb_flags & PCB_FULL_IRET) == 0) {
1778 if ((pcb->pcb_flags & PCB_FULL_IRET) == 0) {
1779 if (rfs() == _ufssel)
1780 pcb->pcb_fsbase = rdfsbase();
1781 if (rgs() == _ugssel)
1782 pcb->pcb_gsbase = rdmsr(MSR_KGSBASE);
1784 set_pcb_flags_raw(pcb, flags);
1787 set_pcb_flags_raw(pcb, flags);
1791 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void, set_pcb_flags, (struct pcb *, const u_int))
1794 return ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_FSGSBASE) != 0 ?
1795 set_pcb_flags_fsgsbase : set_pcb_flags_raw);
1799 clear_pcb_flags(struct pcb *pcb, const u_int flags)
1802 __asm __volatile("andl %1,%0"
1803 : "=m" (pcb->pcb_flags) : "ir" (~flags), "m" (pcb->pcb_flags)
1810 * Provide inb() and outb() as functions. They are normally only available as
1811 * inline functions, thus cannot be called from the debugger.
1814 /* silence compiler warnings */
1815 u_char inb_(u_short);
1816 void outb_(u_short, u_char);
1825 outb_(u_short port, u_char data)
1836 void *memset_std(void *buf, int c, size_t len);
1837 void *memset_erms(void *buf, int c, size_t len);
1838 void *memmove_std(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src,
1840 void *memmove_erms(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src,
1842 void *memcpy_std(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src,
1844 void *memcpy_erms(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src,
1849 * These fail to build as ifuncs when used with KCSAN.
1852 memset(void *buf, int c, size_t len)
1855 return (memset_std(buf, c, len));
1859 memmove(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src, size_t len)
1862 return (memmove_std(dst, src, len));
1866 memcpy(void * _Nonnull dst, const void * _Nonnull src, size_t len)
1869 return (memcpy_std(dst, src, len));
1872 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void *, memset, (void *, int, size_t))
1875 return ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_ERMS) != 0 ?
1876 memset_erms : memset_std);
1879 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void *, memmove, (void * _Nonnull, const void * _Nonnull,
1883 return ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_ERMS) != 0 ?
1884 memmove_erms : memmove_std);
1887 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void *, memcpy, (void * _Nonnull, const void * _Nonnull,size_t))
1890 return ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_ERMS) != 0 ?
1891 memcpy_erms : memcpy_std);
1895 void pagezero_std(void *addr);
1896 void pagezero_erms(void *addr);
1897 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void , pagezero, (void *))
1900 return ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_ERMS) != 0 ?
1901 pagezero_erms : pagezero_std);