2 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
4 * Copyright (c) 1994 John S. Dyson
6 * Copyright (c) 1994 David Greenman
8 * Copyright (c) 2003 Peter Wemm
10 * Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
11 * All rights reserved.
13 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
14 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
15 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
17 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
20 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
26 * must display the following acknowledgement:
27 * This product includes software developed by the University of
28 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
29 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
30 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
31 * without specific prior written permission.
33 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
34 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
35 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
36 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
37 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
38 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
39 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
41 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
42 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
45 * from: @(#)pmap.c 7.7 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
48 * Copyright (c) 2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
49 * All rights reserved.
51 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Jake Burkholder,
52 * Safeport Network Services, and Network Associates Laboratories, the
53 * Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under
54 * DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA
55 * CHATS research program.
57 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
58 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
60 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
61 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
62 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
63 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
64 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
66 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
67 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
68 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
69 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
70 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
71 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
72 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
73 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
74 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
75 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
79 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
80 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
83 * Manages physical address maps.
85 * In addition to hardware address maps, this
86 * module is called upon to provide software-use-only
87 * maps which may or may not be stored in the same
88 * form as hardware maps. These pseudo-maps are
89 * used to store intermediate results from copy
90 * operations to and from address spaces.
92 * Since the information managed by this module is
93 * also stored by the logical address mapping module,
94 * this module may throw away valid virtual-to-physical
95 * mappings at almost any time. However, invalidations
96 * of virtual-to-physical mappings must be done as
99 * In order to cope with hardware architectures which
100 * make virtual-to-physical map invalidates expensive,
101 * this module may delay invalidate or reduced protection
102 * operations until such time as they are actually
103 * necessary. This module is given full information as
104 * to which processors are currently using which maps,
105 * and to when physical maps must be made correct.
108 #include "opt_msgbuf.h"
109 #include "opt_pmap.h"
112 #include <sys/param.h>
113 #include <sys/systm.h>
114 #include <sys/kernel.h>
116 #include <sys/lock.h>
117 #include <sys/malloc.h>
118 #include <sys/mman.h>
119 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
120 #include <sys/mutex.h>
121 #include <sys/proc.h>
123 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
124 #include <sys/sched.h>
125 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
131 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
132 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
133 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
134 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
135 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
136 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
137 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
138 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
139 #include <vm/vm_reserv.h>
142 #include <machine/cpu.h>
143 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
144 #include <machine/md_var.h>
145 #include <machine/pcb.h>
146 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
148 #include <machine/smp.h>
151 #ifndef PMAP_SHPGPERPROC
152 #define PMAP_SHPGPERPROC 200
155 #if !defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
156 #define PMAP_INLINE __gnu89_inline
163 #define PV_STAT(x) do { x ; } while (0)
165 #define PV_STAT(x) do { } while (0)
168 #define pa_index(pa) ((pa) >> PDRSHIFT)
169 #define pa_to_pvh(pa) (&pv_table[pa_index(pa)])
171 struct pmap kernel_pmap_store;
173 vm_offset_t virtual_avail; /* VA of first avail page (after kernel bss) */
174 vm_offset_t virtual_end; /* VA of last avail page (end of kernel AS) */
177 static vm_paddr_t dmaplimit;
178 vm_offset_t kernel_vm_end = VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
181 SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, pmap, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "VM/pmap parameters");
183 static int pg_ps_enabled;
184 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pg_ps_enabled, CTLFLAG_RD, &pg_ps_enabled, 0,
185 "Are large page mappings enabled?");
187 static u_int64_t KPTphys; /* phys addr of kernel level 1 */
188 static u_int64_t KPDphys; /* phys addr of kernel level 2 */
189 u_int64_t KPDPphys; /* phys addr of kernel level 3 */
190 u_int64_t KPML4phys; /* phys addr of kernel level 4 */
192 static u_int64_t DMPDphys; /* phys addr of direct mapped level 2 */
193 static u_int64_t DMPDPphys; /* phys addr of direct mapped level 3 */
196 * Data for the pv entry allocation mechanism
198 static int pv_entry_count = 0, pv_entry_max = 0, pv_entry_high_water = 0;
199 static struct md_page *pv_table;
200 static int shpgperproc = PMAP_SHPGPERPROC;
203 * All those kernel PT submaps that BSD is so fond of
205 pt_entry_t *CMAP1 = 0;
207 struct msgbuf *msgbufp = 0;
212 static caddr_t crashdumpmap;
214 static void free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv);
215 static pv_entry_t get_pv_entry(pmap_t locked_pmap, int try);
216 static void pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
217 static boolean_t pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
218 static void pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
219 static void pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
220 static pv_entry_t pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap,
223 static boolean_t pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
224 static boolean_t pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
226 static vm_page_t pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
227 vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte);
228 static void pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte);
229 static boolean_t pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh);
230 static vm_page_t pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
231 static void pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
232 static boolean_t pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva,
234 static int pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
236 static int pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq,
237 vm_offset_t sva, pd_entry_t ptepde, vm_page_t *free);
238 static void pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte);
239 static void pmap_remove_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde,
241 static void pmap_remove_entry(struct pmap *pmap, vm_page_t m,
243 static void pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m);
244 static boolean_t pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
247 static vm_page_t pmap_allocpde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags);
248 static vm_page_t pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags);
250 static vm_page_t _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_pindex_t ptepindex, int flags);
251 static int _pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
253 static int pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, pd_entry_t, vm_page_t *);
254 static vm_offset_t pmap_kmem_choose(vm_offset_t addr);
256 CTASSERT(1 << PDESHIFT == sizeof(pd_entry_t));
257 CTASSERT(1 << PTESHIFT == sizeof(pt_entry_t));
260 * Move the kernel virtual free pointer to the next
261 * 2MB. This is used to help improve performance
262 * by using a large (2MB) page for much of the kernel
263 * (.text, .data, .bss)
266 pmap_kmem_choose(vm_offset_t addr)
268 vm_offset_t newaddr = addr;
270 newaddr = (addr + (NBPDR - 1)) & ~(NBPDR - 1);
274 /********************/
275 /* Inline functions */
276 /********************/
278 /* Return a non-clipped PD index for a given VA */
279 static __inline vm_pindex_t
280 pmap_pde_pindex(vm_offset_t va)
282 return va >> PDRSHIFT;
286 /* Return various clipped indexes for a given VA */
287 static __inline vm_pindex_t
288 pmap_pte_index(vm_offset_t va)
291 return ((va >> PAGE_SHIFT) & ((1ul << NPTEPGSHIFT) - 1));
294 static __inline vm_pindex_t
295 pmap_pde_index(vm_offset_t va)
298 return ((va >> PDRSHIFT) & ((1ul << NPDEPGSHIFT) - 1));
301 static __inline vm_pindex_t
302 pmap_pdpe_index(vm_offset_t va)
305 return ((va >> PDPSHIFT) & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1));
308 static __inline vm_pindex_t
309 pmap_pml4e_index(vm_offset_t va)
312 return ((va >> PML4SHIFT) & ((1ul << NPML4EPGSHIFT) - 1));
315 /* Return a pointer to the PML4 slot that corresponds to a VA */
316 static __inline pml4_entry_t *
317 pmap_pml4e(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
320 return (&pmap->pm_pml4[pmap_pml4e_index(va)]);
323 /* Return a pointer to the PDP slot that corresponds to a VA */
324 static __inline pdp_entry_t *
325 pmap_pml4e_to_pdpe(pml4_entry_t *pml4e, vm_offset_t va)
329 pdpe = (pdp_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pml4e & PG_FRAME);
330 return (&pdpe[pmap_pdpe_index(va)]);
333 /* Return a pointer to the PDP slot that corresponds to a VA */
334 static __inline pdp_entry_t *
335 pmap_pdpe(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
339 pml4e = pmap_pml4e(pmap, va);
340 if ((*pml4e & PG_V) == 0)
342 return (pmap_pml4e_to_pdpe(pml4e, va));
345 /* Return a pointer to the PD slot that corresponds to a VA */
346 static __inline pd_entry_t *
347 pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdp_entry_t *pdpe, vm_offset_t va)
351 pde = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pdpe & PG_FRAME);
352 return (&pde[pmap_pde_index(va)]);
355 /* Return a pointer to the PD slot that corresponds to a VA */
356 static __inline pd_entry_t *
357 pmap_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
361 pdpe = pmap_pdpe(pmap, va);
362 if (pdpe == NULL || (*pdpe & PG_V) == 0)
364 return (pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdpe, va));
367 /* Return a pointer to the PT slot that corresponds to a VA */
368 static __inline pt_entry_t *
369 pmap_pde_to_pte(pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
373 pte = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pde & PG_FRAME);
374 return (&pte[pmap_pte_index(va)]);
377 /* Return a pointer to the PT slot that corresponds to a VA */
378 static __inline pt_entry_t *
379 pmap_pte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
383 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
384 if (pde == NULL || (*pde & PG_V) == 0)
386 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0) /* compat with i386 pmap_pte() */
387 return ((pt_entry_t *)pde);
388 return (pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va));
392 PMAP_INLINE pt_entry_t *
393 vtopte(vm_offset_t va)
395 u_int64_t mask = ((1ul << (NPTEPGSHIFT + NPDEPGSHIFT + NPDPEPGSHIFT + NPML4EPGSHIFT)) - 1);
397 return (PTmap + ((va >> PAGE_SHIFT) & mask));
400 static __inline pd_entry_t *
401 vtopde(vm_offset_t va)
403 u_int64_t mask = ((1ul << (NPDEPGSHIFT + NPDPEPGSHIFT + NPML4EPGSHIFT)) - 1);
405 return (PDmap + ((va >> PDRSHIFT) & mask));
409 allocpages(vm_paddr_t *firstaddr, int n)
414 bzero((void *)ret, n * PAGE_SIZE);
415 *firstaddr += n * PAGE_SIZE;
420 create_pagetables(vm_paddr_t *firstaddr)
425 KPTphys = allocpages(firstaddr, NKPT);
426 KPML4phys = allocpages(firstaddr, 1);
427 KPDPphys = allocpages(firstaddr, NKPML4E);
428 KPDphys = allocpages(firstaddr, NKPDPE);
430 ndmpdp = (ptoa(Maxmem) + NBPDP - 1) >> PDPSHIFT;
431 if (ndmpdp < 4) /* Minimum 4GB of dirmap */
433 DMPDPphys = allocpages(firstaddr, NDMPML4E);
434 DMPDphys = allocpages(firstaddr, ndmpdp);
435 dmaplimit = (vm_paddr_t)ndmpdp << PDPSHIFT;
437 /* Fill in the underlying page table pages */
438 /* Read-only from zero to physfree */
439 /* XXX not fully used, underneath 2M pages */
440 for (i = 0; (i << PAGE_SHIFT) < *firstaddr; i++) {
441 ((pt_entry_t *)KPTphys)[i] = i << PAGE_SHIFT;
442 ((pt_entry_t *)KPTphys)[i] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_G;
445 /* Now map the page tables at their location within PTmap */
446 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++) {
447 ((pd_entry_t *)KPDphys)[i] = KPTphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT);
448 ((pd_entry_t *)KPDphys)[i] |= PG_RW | PG_V;
451 /* Map from zero to end of allocations under 2M pages */
452 /* This replaces some of the KPTphys entries above */
453 for (i = 0; (i << PDRSHIFT) < *firstaddr; i++) {
454 ((pd_entry_t *)KPDphys)[i] = i << PDRSHIFT;
455 ((pd_entry_t *)KPDphys)[i] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_PS | PG_G;
458 /* And connect up the PD to the PDP */
459 for (i = 0; i < NKPDPE; i++) {
460 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPDPphys)[i + KPDPI] = KPDphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT);
461 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPDPphys)[i + KPDPI] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
465 /* Now set up the direct map space using 2MB pages */
466 for (i = 0; i < NPDEPG * ndmpdp; i++) {
467 ((pd_entry_t *)DMPDphys)[i] = (vm_paddr_t)i << PDRSHIFT;
468 ((pd_entry_t *)DMPDphys)[i] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_PS | PG_G;
471 /* And the direct map space's PDP */
472 for (i = 0; i < ndmpdp; i++) {
473 ((pdp_entry_t *)DMPDPphys)[i] = DMPDphys + (i << PAGE_SHIFT);
474 ((pdp_entry_t *)DMPDPphys)[i] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
477 /* And recursively map PML4 to itself in order to get PTmap */
478 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[PML4PML4I] = KPML4phys;
479 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[PML4PML4I] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
481 /* Connect the Direct Map slot up to the PML4 */
482 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[DMPML4I] = DMPDPphys;
483 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[DMPML4I] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
485 /* Connect the KVA slot up to the PML4 */
486 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[KPML4I] = KPDPphys;
487 ((pdp_entry_t *)KPML4phys)[KPML4I] |= PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
491 * Bootstrap the system enough to run with virtual memory.
493 * On amd64 this is called after mapping has already been enabled
494 * and just syncs the pmap module with what has already been done.
495 * [We can't call it easily with mapping off since the kernel is not
496 * mapped with PA == VA, hence we would have to relocate every address
497 * from the linked base (virtual) address "KERNBASE" to the actual
498 * (physical) address starting relative to 0]
501 pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t *firstaddr)
504 pt_entry_t *pte, *unused;
507 * Create an initial set of page tables to run the kernel in.
509 create_pagetables(firstaddr);
511 virtual_avail = (vm_offset_t) KERNBASE + *firstaddr;
512 virtual_avail = pmap_kmem_choose(virtual_avail);
514 virtual_end = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
517 /* XXX do %cr0 as well */
518 load_cr4(rcr4() | CR4_PGE | CR4_PSE);
522 * Initialize the kernel pmap (which is statically allocated).
524 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(kernel_pmap);
525 kernel_pmap->pm_pml4 = (pdp_entry_t *) (KERNBASE + KPML4phys);
526 kernel_pmap->pm_root = NULL;
527 kernel_pmap->pm_active = -1; /* don't allow deactivation */
528 TAILQ_INIT(&kernel_pmap->pm_pvchunk);
531 * Reserve some special page table entries/VA space for temporary
534 #define SYSMAP(c, p, v, n) \
535 v = (c)va; va += ((n)*PAGE_SIZE); p = pte; pte += (n);
541 * CMAP1 is only used for the memory test.
543 SYSMAP(caddr_t, CMAP1, CADDR1, 1)
548 SYSMAP(caddr_t, unused, crashdumpmap, MAXDUMPPGS)
551 * msgbufp is used to map the system message buffer.
553 SYSMAP(struct msgbuf *, unused, msgbufp, atop(round_page(MSGBUF_SIZE)))
561 /* Initialize the PAT MSR. */
573 /* Bail if this CPU doesn't implement PAT. */
574 if (!(cpu_feature & CPUID_PAT))
579 * Leave the indices 0-3 at the default of WB, WT, UC, and UC-.
580 * Program 4 and 5 as WP and WC.
581 * Leave 6 and 7 as UC and UC-.
583 pat_msr = rdmsr(MSR_PAT);
584 pat_msr &= ~(PAT_MASK(4) | PAT_MASK(5));
585 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(4, PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED) |
586 PAT_VALUE(5, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
589 * Due to some Intel errata, we can only safely use the lower 4
590 * PAT entries. Thus, just replace PAT Index 2 with WC instead
593 * Intel Pentium III Processor Specification Update
594 * Errata E.27 (Upper Four PAT Entries Not Usable With Mode B
597 * Intel Pentium IV Processor Specification Update
598 * Errata N46 (PAT Index MSB May Be Calculated Incorrectly)
600 pat_msr = rdmsr(MSR_PAT);
601 pat_msr &= ~PAT_MASK(2);
602 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(2, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
604 wrmsr(MSR_PAT, pat_msr);
608 * Initialize a vm_page's machine-dependent fields.
611 pmap_page_init(vm_page_t m)
614 TAILQ_INIT(&m->md.pv_list);
618 * Initialize the pmap module.
619 * Called by vm_init, to initialize any structures that the pmap
620 * system needs to map virtual memory.
631 * Initialize the vm page array entries for the kernel pmap's
634 pd = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, KERNBASE);
635 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++) {
636 if ((pd[i] & (PG_PS | PG_V)) == (PG_PS | PG_V))
638 KASSERT((pd[i] & PG_V) != 0,
639 ("pmap_init: page table page is missing"));
640 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pd[i] & PG_FRAME);
641 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
642 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
643 ("pmap_init: page table page is out of range"));
644 mpte->pindex = pmap_pde_pindex(KERNBASE) + i;
645 mpte->phys_addr = pd[i] & PG_FRAME;
649 * Initialize the address space (zone) for the pv entries. Set a
650 * high water mark so that the system can recover from excessive
651 * numbers of pv entries.
653 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.shpgperproc", &shpgperproc);
654 pv_entry_max = shpgperproc * maxproc + cnt.v_page_count;
655 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pv_entries", &pv_entry_max);
656 pv_entry_high_water = 9 * (pv_entry_max / 10);
659 * Are large page mappings enabled?
661 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled", &pg_ps_enabled);
664 * Calculate the size of the pv head table for superpages.
666 for (i = 0; phys_avail[i + 1]; i += 2);
667 pv_npg = round_2mpage(phys_avail[(i - 2) + 1]) / NBPDR;
670 * Allocate memory for the pv head table for superpages.
672 s = (vm_size_t)(pv_npg * sizeof(struct md_page));
674 pv_table = (struct md_page *)kmem_alloc(kernel_map, s);
675 for (i = 0; i < pv_npg; i++)
676 TAILQ_INIT(&pv_table[i].pv_list);
680 pmap_pventry_proc(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
684 error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, oidp->oid_arg1, oidp->oid_arg2, req);
685 if (error == 0 && req->newptr) {
686 shpgperproc = (pv_entry_max - cnt.v_page_count) / maxproc;
687 pv_entry_high_water = 9 * (pv_entry_max / 10);
691 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_max, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
692 &pv_entry_max, 0, pmap_pventry_proc, "IU", "Max number of PV entries");
695 pmap_shpgperproc_proc(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
699 error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, oidp->oid_arg1, oidp->oid_arg2, req);
700 if (error == 0 && req->newptr) {
701 pv_entry_max = shpgperproc * maxproc + cnt.v_page_count;
702 pv_entry_high_water = 9 * (pv_entry_max / 10);
706 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, shpgperproc, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
707 &shpgperproc, 0, pmap_shpgperproc_proc, "IU", "Page share factor per proc");
709 SYSCTL_NODE(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pde, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
710 "2MB page mapping counters");
712 static u_long pmap_pde_demotions;
713 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, demotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
714 &pmap_pde_demotions, 0, "2MB page demotions");
716 static u_long pmap_pde_mappings;
717 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, mappings, CTLFLAG_RD,
718 &pmap_pde_mappings, 0, "2MB page mappings");
720 static u_long pmap_pde_p_failures;
721 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, p_failures, CTLFLAG_RD,
722 &pmap_pde_p_failures, 0, "2MB page promotion failures");
724 static u_long pmap_pde_promotions;
725 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, promotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
726 &pmap_pde_promotions, 0, "2MB page promotions");
729 /***************************************************
730 * Low level helper routines.....
731 ***************************************************/
734 * Determine the appropriate bits to set in a PTE or PDE for a specified
738 pmap_cache_bits(int mode, boolean_t is_pde)
740 int pat_flag, pat_index, cache_bits;
742 /* The PAT bit is different for PTE's and PDE's. */
743 pat_flag = is_pde ? PG_PDE_PAT : PG_PTE_PAT;
745 /* If we don't support PAT, map extended modes to older ones. */
746 if (!(cpu_feature & CPUID_PAT)) {
748 case PAT_UNCACHEABLE:
749 case PAT_WRITE_THROUGH:
753 case PAT_WRITE_COMBINING:
754 case PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED:
755 mode = PAT_UNCACHEABLE;
760 /* Map the caching mode to a PAT index. */
763 case PAT_UNCACHEABLE:
766 case PAT_WRITE_THROUGH:
775 case PAT_WRITE_COMBINING:
778 case PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED:
783 case PAT_UNCACHEABLE:
784 case PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED:
787 case PAT_WRITE_THROUGH:
793 case PAT_WRITE_COMBINING:
798 panic("Unknown caching mode %d\n", mode);
801 /* Map the 3-bit index value into the PAT, PCD, and PWT bits. */
804 cache_bits |= pat_flag;
806 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PCD;
808 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PWT;
813 * For SMP, these functions have to use the IPI mechanism for coherence.
815 * N.B.: Before calling any of the following TLB invalidation functions,
816 * the calling processor must ensure that all stores updating a non-
817 * kernel page table are globally performed. Otherwise, another
818 * processor could cache an old, pre-update entry without being
819 * invalidated. This can happen one of two ways: (1) The pmap becomes
820 * active on another processor after its pm_active field is checked by
821 * one of the following functions but before a store updating the page
822 * table is globally performed. (2) The pmap becomes active on another
823 * processor before its pm_active field is checked but due to
824 * speculative loads one of the following functions stills reads the
825 * pmap as inactive on the other processor.
827 * The kernel page table is exempt because its pm_active field is
828 * immutable. The kernel page table is always active on every
832 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
838 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active == all_cpus) {
842 cpumask = PCPU_GET(cpumask);
843 other_cpus = PCPU_GET(other_cpus);
844 if (pmap->pm_active & cpumask)
846 if (pmap->pm_active & other_cpus)
847 smp_masked_invlpg(pmap->pm_active & other_cpus, va);
853 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
860 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active == all_cpus) {
861 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
863 smp_invlpg_range(sva, eva);
865 cpumask = PCPU_GET(cpumask);
866 other_cpus = PCPU_GET(other_cpus);
867 if (pmap->pm_active & cpumask)
868 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
870 if (pmap->pm_active & other_cpus)
871 smp_masked_invlpg_range(pmap->pm_active & other_cpus,
878 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
884 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active == all_cpus) {
888 cpumask = PCPU_GET(cpumask);
889 other_cpus = PCPU_GET(other_cpus);
890 if (pmap->pm_active & cpumask)
892 if (pmap->pm_active & other_cpus)
893 smp_masked_invltlb(pmap->pm_active & other_cpus);
899 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
909 * Normal, non-SMP, invalidation functions.
910 * We inline these within pmap.c for speed.
913 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
916 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active)
921 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
925 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active)
926 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
931 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
934 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || pmap->pm_active)
939 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
947 * Are we current address space or kernel?
950 pmap_is_current(pmap_t pmap)
952 return (pmap == kernel_pmap ||
953 (pmap->pm_pml4[PML4PML4I] & PG_FRAME) == (PML4pml4e[0] & PG_FRAME));
957 * Routine: pmap_extract
959 * Extract the physical page address associated
960 * with the given map/virtual_address pair.
963 pmap_extract(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
967 pd_entry_t pde, *pdep;
971 pdep = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
975 if ((pde & PG_PS) != 0)
976 rtval = (pde & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
978 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pdep, va);
979 rtval = (*pte & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
988 * Routine: pmap_extract_and_hold
990 * Atomically extract and hold the physical page
991 * with the given pmap and virtual address pair
992 * if that mapping permits the given protection.
995 pmap_extract_and_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t prot)
997 pd_entry_t pde, *pdep;
1002 vm_page_lock_queues();
1004 pdep = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1005 if (pdep != NULL && (pde = *pdep)) {
1007 if ((pde & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
1008 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE((pde & PG_PS_FRAME) |
1013 pte = *pmap_pde_to_pte(pdep, va);
1015 ((pte & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)) {
1016 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pte & PG_FRAME);
1021 vm_page_unlock_queues();
1027 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va)
1032 if (va >= DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS && va < DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS) {
1033 pa = DMAP_TO_PHYS(va);
1037 pa = (pde & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
1040 * Beware of a concurrent promotion that changes the
1041 * PDE at this point! For example, vtopte() must not
1042 * be used to access the PTE because it would use the
1043 * new PDE. It is, however, safe to use the old PDE
1044 * because the page table page is preserved by the
1047 pa = *pmap_pde_to_pte(&pde, va);
1048 pa = (pa & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
1054 /***************************************************
1055 * Low level mapping routines.....
1056 ***************************************************/
1059 * Add a wired page to the kva.
1060 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1063 pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
1068 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_G);
1072 pmap_kenter_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa, int mode)
1077 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_G | pmap_cache_bits(mode, 0));
1081 * Remove a page from the kernel pagetables.
1082 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1085 pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t va)
1094 * Used to map a range of physical addresses into kernel
1095 * virtual address space.
1097 * The value passed in '*virt' is a suggested virtual address for
1098 * the mapping. Architectures which can support a direct-mapped
1099 * physical to virtual region can return the appropriate address
1100 * within that region, leaving '*virt' unchanged. Other
1101 * architectures should map the pages starting at '*virt' and
1102 * update '*virt' with the first usable address after the mapped
1106 pmap_map(vm_offset_t *virt, vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int prot)
1108 return PHYS_TO_DMAP(start);
1113 * Add a list of wired pages to the kva
1114 * this routine is only used for temporary
1115 * kernel mappings that do not need to have
1116 * page modification or references recorded.
1117 * Note that old mappings are simply written
1118 * over. The page *must* be wired.
1119 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1122 pmap_qenter(vm_offset_t sva, vm_page_t *ma, int count)
1124 pt_entry_t *endpte, oldpte, *pte;
1128 endpte = pte + count;
1129 while (pte < endpte) {
1131 pte_store(pte, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(*ma) | PG_G | PG_RW | PG_V);
1135 if ((oldpte & PG_V) != 0)
1136 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, sva + count *
1141 * This routine tears out page mappings from the
1142 * kernel -- it is meant only for temporary mappings.
1143 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1146 pmap_qremove(vm_offset_t sva, int count)
1151 while (count-- > 0) {
1155 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1158 /***************************************************
1159 * Page table page management routines.....
1160 ***************************************************/
1161 static __inline void
1162 pmap_free_zero_pages(vm_page_t free)
1166 while (free != NULL) {
1169 /* Preserve the page's PG_ZERO setting. */
1170 vm_page_free_toq(m);
1175 * Schedule the specified unused page table page to be freed. Specifically,
1176 * add the page to the specified list of pages that will be released to the
1177 * physical memory manager after the TLB has been updated.
1179 static __inline void
1180 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free, boolean_t set_PG_ZERO)
1184 m->flags |= PG_ZERO;
1186 m->flags &= ~PG_ZERO;
1192 * Inserts the specified page table page into the specified pmap's collection
1193 * of idle page table pages. Each of a pmap's page table pages is responsible
1194 * for mapping a distinct range of virtual addresses. The pmap's collection is
1195 * ordered by this virtual address range.
1198 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte)
1202 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1203 root = pmap->pm_root;
1208 root = vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, root);
1209 if (mpte->pindex < root->pindex) {
1210 mpte->left = root->left;
1213 } else if (mpte->pindex == root->pindex)
1214 panic("pmap_insert_pt_page: pindex already inserted");
1216 mpte->right = root->right;
1221 pmap->pm_root = mpte;
1225 * Looks for a page table page mapping the specified virtual address in the
1226 * specified pmap's collection of idle page table pages. Returns NULL if there
1227 * is no page table page corresponding to the specified virtual address.
1230 pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1233 vm_pindex_t pindex = pmap_pde_pindex(va);
1235 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1236 if ((mpte = pmap->pm_root) != NULL && mpte->pindex != pindex) {
1237 mpte = vm_page_splay(pindex, mpte);
1238 if ((pmap->pm_root = mpte)->pindex != pindex)
1245 * Removes the specified page table page from the specified pmap's collection
1246 * of idle page table pages. The specified page table page must be a member of
1247 * the pmap's collection.
1250 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte)
1254 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1255 if (mpte != pmap->pm_root) {
1256 root = vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, pmap->pm_root);
1257 KASSERT(mpte == root,
1258 ("pmap_remove_pt_page: mpte %p is missing from pmap %p",
1261 if (mpte->left == NULL)
1264 root = vm_page_splay(mpte->pindex, mpte->left);
1265 root->right = mpte->right;
1267 pmap->pm_root = root;
1271 * This routine unholds page table pages, and if the hold count
1272 * drops to zero, then it decrements the wire count.
1275 pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_page_t *free)
1279 if (m->wire_count == 0)
1280 return _pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, m, free);
1286 _pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
1292 * unmap the page table page
1294 if (m->pindex >= (NUPDE + NUPDPE)) {
1297 pml4 = pmap_pml4e(pmap, va);
1298 pteva = (vm_offset_t) PDPmap + amd64_ptob(m->pindex - (NUPDE + NUPDPE));
1300 } else if (m->pindex >= NUPDE) {
1303 pdp = pmap_pdpe(pmap, va);
1304 pteva = (vm_offset_t) PDmap + amd64_ptob(m->pindex - NUPDE);
1309 pd = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1310 pteva = (vm_offset_t) PTmap + amd64_ptob(m->pindex);
1313 --pmap->pm_stats.resident_count;
1314 if (m->pindex < NUPDE) {
1315 /* We just released a PT, unhold the matching PD */
1318 pdpg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pmap_pdpe(pmap, va) & PG_FRAME);
1319 pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, pdpg, free);
1321 if (m->pindex >= NUPDE && m->pindex < (NUPDE + NUPDPE)) {
1322 /* We just released a PD, unhold the matching PDP */
1325 pdppg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pmap_pml4e(pmap, va) & PG_FRAME);
1326 pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, pdppg, free);
1330 * This is a release store so that the ordinary store unmapping
1331 * the page table page is globally performed before TLB shoot-
1334 atomic_subtract_rel_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
1337 * Do an invltlb to make the invalidated mapping
1338 * take effect immediately.
1340 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pteva);
1343 * Put page on a list so that it is released after
1344 * *ALL* TLB shootdown is done
1346 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(m, free, TRUE);
1352 * After removing a page table entry, this routine is used to
1353 * conditionally free the page, and manage the hold/wire counts.
1356 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t ptepde, vm_page_t *free)
1360 if (va >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
1362 KASSERT(ptepde != 0, ("pmap_unuse_pt: ptepde != 0"));
1363 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepde & PG_FRAME);
1364 return pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, mpte, free);
1368 pmap_pinit0(pmap_t pmap)
1371 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
1372 pmap->pm_pml4 = (pml4_entry_t *)(KERNBASE + KPML4phys);
1373 pmap->pm_root = NULL;
1374 pmap->pm_active = 0;
1375 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1376 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
1380 * Initialize a preallocated and zeroed pmap structure,
1381 * such as one in a vmspace structure.
1384 pmap_pinit(pmap_t pmap)
1387 static vm_pindex_t color;
1389 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
1392 * allocate the page directory page
1394 while ((pml4pg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, color++, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1395 VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL)
1398 pmap->pm_pml4 = (pml4_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pml4pg));
1400 if ((pml4pg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1401 pagezero(pmap->pm_pml4);
1403 /* Wire in kernel global address entries. */
1404 pmap->pm_pml4[KPML4I] = KPDPphys | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
1405 pmap->pm_pml4[DMPML4I] = DMPDPphys | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_U;
1407 /* install self-referential address mapping entry(s) */
1408 pmap->pm_pml4[PML4PML4I] = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pml4pg) | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M;
1410 pmap->pm_root = NULL;
1411 pmap->pm_active = 0;
1412 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1413 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
1419 * this routine is called if the page table page is not
1422 * Note: If a page allocation fails at page table level two or three,
1423 * one or two pages may be held during the wait, only to be released
1424 * afterwards. This conservative approach is easily argued to avoid
1428 _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_pindex_t ptepindex, int flags)
1430 vm_page_t m, pdppg, pdpg;
1432 KASSERT((flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_NOWAIT ||
1433 (flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_WAITOK,
1434 ("_pmap_allocpte: flags is neither M_NOWAIT nor M_WAITOK"));
1437 * Allocate a page table page.
1439 if ((m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, ptepindex, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1440 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL) {
1441 if (flags & M_WAITOK) {
1443 vm_page_unlock_queues();
1445 vm_page_lock_queues();
1450 * Indicate the need to retry. While waiting, the page table
1451 * page may have been allocated.
1455 if ((m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1459 * Map the pagetable page into the process address space, if
1460 * it isn't already there.
1463 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
1465 if (ptepindex >= (NUPDE + NUPDPE)) {
1467 vm_pindex_t pml4index;
1469 /* Wire up a new PDPE page */
1470 pml4index = ptepindex - (NUPDE + NUPDPE);
1471 pml4 = &pmap->pm_pml4[pml4index];
1472 *pml4 = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1474 } else if (ptepindex >= NUPDE) {
1475 vm_pindex_t pml4index;
1476 vm_pindex_t pdpindex;
1480 /* Wire up a new PDE page */
1481 pdpindex = ptepindex - NUPDE;
1482 pml4index = pdpindex >> NPML4EPGSHIFT;
1484 pml4 = &pmap->pm_pml4[pml4index];
1485 if ((*pml4 & PG_V) == 0) {
1486 /* Have to allocate a new pdp, recurse */
1487 if (_pmap_allocpte(pmap, NUPDE + NUPDPE + pml4index,
1494 /* Add reference to pdp page */
1495 pdppg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pml4 & PG_FRAME);
1496 pdppg->wire_count++;
1498 pdp = (pdp_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pml4 & PG_FRAME);
1500 /* Now find the pdp page */
1501 pdp = &pdp[pdpindex & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1)];
1502 *pdp = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1505 vm_pindex_t pml4index;
1506 vm_pindex_t pdpindex;
1511 /* Wire up a new PTE page */
1512 pdpindex = ptepindex >> NPDPEPGSHIFT;
1513 pml4index = pdpindex >> NPML4EPGSHIFT;
1515 /* First, find the pdp and check that its valid. */
1516 pml4 = &pmap->pm_pml4[pml4index];
1517 if ((*pml4 & PG_V) == 0) {
1518 /* Have to allocate a new pd, recurse */
1519 if (_pmap_allocpte(pmap, NUPDE + pdpindex,
1525 pdp = (pdp_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pml4 & PG_FRAME);
1526 pdp = &pdp[pdpindex & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1)];
1528 pdp = (pdp_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pml4 & PG_FRAME);
1529 pdp = &pdp[pdpindex & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1)];
1530 if ((*pdp & PG_V) == 0) {
1531 /* Have to allocate a new pd, recurse */
1532 if (_pmap_allocpte(pmap, NUPDE + pdpindex,
1539 /* Add reference to the pd page */
1540 pdpg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pdp & PG_FRAME);
1544 pd = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pdp & PG_FRAME);
1546 /* Now we know where the page directory page is */
1547 pd = &pd[ptepindex & ((1ul << NPDEPGSHIFT) - 1)];
1548 *pd = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1555 pmap_allocpde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags)
1557 vm_pindex_t pdpindex, ptepindex;
1561 KASSERT((flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_NOWAIT ||
1562 (flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_WAITOK,
1563 ("pmap_allocpde: flags is neither M_NOWAIT nor M_WAITOK"));
1565 pdpe = pmap_pdpe(pmap, va);
1566 if (pdpe != NULL && (*pdpe & PG_V) != 0) {
1567 /* Add a reference to the pd page. */
1568 pdpg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pdpe & PG_FRAME);
1571 /* Allocate a pd page. */
1572 ptepindex = pmap_pde_pindex(va);
1573 pdpindex = ptepindex >> NPDPEPGSHIFT;
1574 pdpg = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, NUPDE + pdpindex, flags);
1575 if (pdpg == NULL && (flags & M_WAITOK))
1582 pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, int flags)
1584 vm_pindex_t ptepindex;
1588 KASSERT((flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_NOWAIT ||
1589 (flags & (M_NOWAIT | M_WAITOK)) == M_WAITOK,
1590 ("pmap_allocpte: flags is neither M_NOWAIT nor M_WAITOK"));
1593 * Calculate pagetable page index
1595 ptepindex = pmap_pde_pindex(va);
1598 * Get the page directory entry
1600 pd = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1603 * This supports switching from a 2MB page to a
1606 if (pd != NULL && (*pd & (PG_PS | PG_V)) == (PG_PS | PG_V)) {
1607 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pd, va)) {
1609 * Invalidation of the 2MB page mapping may have caused
1610 * the deallocation of the underlying PD page.
1617 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment the
1618 * hold count, and activate it.
1620 if (pd != NULL && (*pd & PG_V) != 0) {
1621 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pd & PG_FRAME);
1625 * Here if the pte page isn't mapped, or if it has been
1628 m = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex, flags);
1629 if (m == NULL && (flags & M_WAITOK))
1636 /***************************************************
1637 * Pmap allocation/deallocation routines.
1638 ***************************************************/
1641 * Release any resources held by the given physical map.
1642 * Called when a pmap initialized by pmap_pinit is being released.
1643 * Should only be called if the map contains no valid mappings.
1646 pmap_release(pmap_t pmap)
1650 KASSERT(pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0,
1651 ("pmap_release: pmap resident count %ld != 0",
1652 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count));
1653 KASSERT(pmap->pm_root == NULL,
1654 ("pmap_release: pmap has reserved page table page(s)"));
1656 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap->pm_pml4[PML4PML4I] & PG_FRAME);
1658 pmap->pm_pml4[KPML4I] = 0; /* KVA */
1659 pmap->pm_pml4[DMPML4I] = 0; /* Direct Map */
1660 pmap->pm_pml4[PML4PML4I] = 0; /* Recursive Mapping */
1663 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
1664 vm_page_free_zero(m);
1665 PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap);
1669 kvm_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1671 unsigned long ksize = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
1673 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &ksize, 0, req);
1675 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_size, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
1676 0, 0, kvm_size, "LU", "Size of KVM");
1679 kvm_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1681 unsigned long kfree = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - kernel_vm_end;
1683 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &kfree, 0, req);
1685 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_free, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
1686 0, 0, kvm_free, "LU", "Amount of KVM free");
1689 * grow the number of kernel page table entries, if needed
1692 pmap_growkernel(vm_offset_t addr)
1696 pd_entry_t *pde, newpdir;
1699 mtx_assert(&kernel_map->system_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1702 * Return if "addr" is within the range of kernel page table pages
1703 * that were preallocated during pmap bootstrap. Moreover, leave
1704 * "kernel_vm_end" and the kernel page table as they were.
1706 * The correctness of this action is based on the following
1707 * argument: vm_map_findspace() allocates contiguous ranges of the
1708 * kernel virtual address space. It calls this function if a range
1709 * ends after "kernel_vm_end". If the kernel is mapped between
1710 * "kernel_vm_end" and "addr", then the range cannot begin at
1711 * "kernel_vm_end". In fact, its beginning address cannot be less
1712 * than the kernel. Thus, there is no immediate need to allocate
1713 * any new kernel page table pages between "kernel_vm_end" and
1716 if (KERNBASE < addr && addr <= KERNBASE + NKPT * NBPDR)
1719 addr = roundup2(addr, NBPDR);
1720 if (addr - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset)
1721 addr = kernel_map->max_offset;
1722 while (kernel_vm_end < addr) {
1723 pdpe = pmap_pdpe(kernel_pmap, kernel_vm_end);
1724 if ((*pdpe & PG_V) == 0) {
1725 /* We need a new PDP entry */
1726 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, kernel_vm_end >> PDPSHIFT,
1727 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1728 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
1730 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
1731 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1732 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
1733 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
1734 *pdpe = (pdp_entry_t)
1735 (paddr | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M);
1736 continue; /* try again */
1738 pde = pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdpe, kernel_vm_end);
1739 if ((*pde & PG_V) != 0) {
1740 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
1741 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset) {
1742 kernel_vm_end = kernel_map->max_offset;
1748 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, pmap_pde_pindex(kernel_vm_end),
1749 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
1752 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
1753 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1754 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
1755 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
1756 newpdir = (pd_entry_t) (paddr | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M);
1757 pde_store(pde, newpdir);
1759 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
1760 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= kernel_map->max_offset) {
1761 kernel_vm_end = kernel_map->max_offset;
1768 /***************************************************
1769 * page management routines.
1770 ***************************************************/
1772 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct pv_chunk) == PAGE_SIZE);
1773 CTASSERT(_NPCM == 3);
1774 CTASSERT(_NPCPV == 168);
1776 static __inline struct pv_chunk *
1777 pv_to_chunk(pv_entry_t pv)
1780 return (struct pv_chunk *)((uintptr_t)pv & ~(uintptr_t)PAGE_MASK);
1783 #define PV_PMAP(pv) (pv_to_chunk(pv)->pc_pmap)
1785 #define PC_FREE0 0xfffffffffffffffful
1786 #define PC_FREE1 0xfffffffffffffffful
1787 #define PC_FREE2 0x000000fffffffffful
1789 static uint64_t pc_freemask[_NPCM] = { PC_FREE0, PC_FREE1, PC_FREE2 };
1791 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_count, 0,
1792 "Current number of pv entries");
1795 static int pc_chunk_count, pc_chunk_allocs, pc_chunk_frees, pc_chunk_tryfail;
1797 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_count, 0,
1798 "Current number of pv entry chunks");
1799 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_allocs, 0,
1800 "Current number of pv entry chunks allocated");
1801 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_frees, 0,
1802 "Current number of pv entry chunks frees");
1803 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_tryfail, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_tryfail, 0,
1804 "Number of times tried to get a chunk page but failed.");
1806 static long pv_entry_frees, pv_entry_allocs;
1807 static int pv_entry_spare;
1809 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_frees, 0,
1810 "Current number of pv entry frees");
1811 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_allocs, 0,
1812 "Current number of pv entry allocs");
1813 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_spare, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_spare, 0,
1814 "Current number of spare pv entries");
1816 static int pmap_collect_inactive, pmap_collect_active;
1818 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pmap_collect_inactive, CTLFLAG_RD, &pmap_collect_inactive, 0,
1819 "Current number times pmap_collect called on inactive queue");
1820 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pmap_collect_active, CTLFLAG_RD, &pmap_collect_active, 0,
1821 "Current number times pmap_collect called on active queue");
1825 * We are in a serious low memory condition. Resort to
1826 * drastic measures to free some pages so we can allocate
1827 * another pv entry chunk. This is normally called to
1828 * unmap inactive pages, and if necessary, active pages.
1830 * We do not, however, unmap 2mpages because subsequent accesses will
1831 * allocate per-page pv entries until repromotion occurs, thereby
1832 * exacerbating the shortage of free pv entries.
1835 pmap_collect(pmap_t locked_pmap, struct vpgqueues *vpq)
1837 struct md_page *pvh;
1840 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
1841 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
1845 TAILQ_FOREACH(m, &vpq->pl, pageq) {
1846 if (m->hold_count || m->busy)
1848 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
1851 /* Avoid deadlock and lock recursion. */
1852 if (pmap > locked_pmap)
1854 else if (pmap != locked_pmap && !PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap))
1856 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
1857 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1858 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_collect: found"
1859 " a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
1860 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va);
1861 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
1862 KASSERT((tpte & PG_W) == 0,
1863 ("pmap_collect: wired pte %#lx", tpte));
1865 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
1866 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
1869 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, *pde, &free);
1870 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
1871 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
1872 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
1873 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list)) {
1874 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
1875 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
1876 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
1878 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
1879 if (pmap != locked_pmap)
1887 * free the pv_entry back to the free list
1890 free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv)
1893 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1894 int idx, field, bit;
1896 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1897 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1898 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
1899 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
1901 pc = pv_to_chunk(pv);
1902 idx = pv - &pc->pc_pventry[0];
1905 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1ul << bit;
1906 /* move to head of list */
1907 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1908 if (pc->pc_map[0] != PC_FREE0 || pc->pc_map[1] != PC_FREE1 ||
1909 pc->pc_map[2] != PC_FREE2) {
1910 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1913 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
1914 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
1915 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
1916 /* entire chunk is free, return it */
1917 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(DMAP_TO_PHYS((vm_offset_t)pc));
1918 dump_drop_page(m->phys_addr);
1919 vm_page_unwire(m, 0);
1924 * get a new pv_entry, allocating a block from the system
1928 get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, int try)
1930 static const struct timeval printinterval = { 60, 0 };
1931 static struct timeval lastprint;
1932 static vm_pindex_t colour;
1933 struct vpgqueues *pq;
1936 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1939 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1940 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1941 PV_STAT(pv_entry_allocs++);
1943 if (pv_entry_count > pv_entry_high_water)
1944 if (ratecheck(&lastprint, &printinterval))
1945 printf("Approaching the limit on PV entries, consider "
1946 "increasing either the vm.pmap.shpgperproc or the "
1947 "vm.pmap.pv_entry_max sysctl.\n");
1950 pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1952 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
1953 if (pc->pc_map[field]) {
1954 bit = bsfq(pc->pc_map[field]);
1958 if (field < _NPCM) {
1959 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 64 + bit];
1960 pc->pc_map[field] &= ~(1ul << bit);
1961 /* If this was the last item, move it to tail */
1962 if (pc->pc_map[0] == 0 && pc->pc_map[1] == 0 &&
1963 pc->pc_map[2] == 0) {
1964 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1965 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1967 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare--);
1971 /* No free items, allocate another chunk */
1972 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, colour, (pq == &vm_page_queues[PQ_ACTIVE] ?
1973 VM_ALLOC_SYSTEM : VM_ALLOC_NORMAL) | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1978 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_tryfail++);
1982 * Reclaim pv entries: At first, destroy mappings to inactive
1983 * pages. After that, if a pv chunk entry is still needed,
1984 * destroy mappings to active pages.
1987 PV_STAT(pmap_collect_inactive++);
1988 pq = &vm_page_queues[PQ_INACTIVE];
1989 } else if (pq == &vm_page_queues[PQ_INACTIVE]) {
1990 PV_STAT(pmap_collect_active++);
1991 pq = &vm_page_queues[PQ_ACTIVE];
1993 panic("get_pv_entry: increase vm.pmap.shpgperproc");
1994 pmap_collect(pmap, pq);
1997 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count++);
1998 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_allocs++);
2000 dump_add_page(m->phys_addr);
2001 pc = (void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(m->phys_addr);
2003 pc->pc_map[0] = PC_FREE0 & ~1ul; /* preallocated bit 0 */
2004 pc->pc_map[1] = PC_FREE1;
2005 pc->pc_map[2] = PC_FREE2;
2006 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[0];
2007 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2008 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare += _NPCPV - 1);
2013 * First find and then remove the pv entry for the specified pmap and virtual
2014 * address from the specified pv list. Returns the pv entry if found and NULL
2015 * otherwise. This operation can be performed on pv lists for either 4KB or
2016 * 2MB page mappings.
2018 static __inline pv_entry_t
2019 pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2023 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2024 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
2025 if (pmap == PV_PMAP(pv) && va == pv->pv_va) {
2026 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2034 * After demotion from a 2MB page mapping to 512 4KB page mappings,
2035 * destroy the pv entry for the 2MB page mapping and reinstantiate the pv
2036 * entries for each of the 4KB page mappings.
2039 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2041 struct md_page *pvh;
2043 vm_offset_t va_last;
2046 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2047 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2048 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pa is not 2mpage aligned"));
2051 * Transfer the 2mpage's pv entry for this mapping to the first
2054 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2055 va = trunc_2mpage(va);
2056 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2057 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pv not found"));
2058 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2059 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2060 /* Instantiate the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2061 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2064 KASSERT((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) == 0,
2065 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: page %p is not managed", m));
2067 pmap_insert_entry(pmap, va, m);
2068 } while (va < va_last);
2072 * After promotion from 512 4KB page mappings to a single 2MB page mapping,
2073 * replace the many pv entries for the 4KB page mappings by a single pv entry
2074 * for the 2MB page mapping.
2077 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2079 struct md_page *pvh;
2081 vm_offset_t va_last;
2084 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2085 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2086 ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pa is not 2mpage aligned"));
2089 * Transfer the first page's pv entry for this mapping to the
2090 * 2mpage's pv list. Aside from avoiding the cost of a call
2091 * to get_pv_entry(), a transfer avoids the possibility that
2092 * get_pv_entry() calls pmap_collect() and that pmap_collect()
2093 * removes one of the mappings that is being promoted.
2095 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2096 va = trunc_2mpage(va);
2097 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&m->md, pmap, va);
2098 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pv not found"));
2099 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2100 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2101 /* Free the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2102 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2106 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2107 } while (va < va_last);
2111 * First find and then destroy the pv entry for the specified pmap and virtual
2112 * address. This operation can be performed on pv lists for either 4KB or 2MB
2116 pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2120 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2121 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pvh_free: pv not found"));
2122 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2126 pmap_remove_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_offset_t va)
2128 struct md_page *pvh;
2130 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2131 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2132 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list)) {
2133 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2134 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2135 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
2140 * Create a pv entry for page at pa for
2144 pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2148 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2149 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2150 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, FALSE);
2152 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2156 * Conditionally create a pv entry.
2159 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2163 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2164 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2165 if (pv_entry_count < pv_entry_high_water &&
2166 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, TRUE)) != NULL) {
2168 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2175 * Create the pv entry for a 2MB page mapping.
2178 pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2180 struct md_page *pvh;
2183 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2184 if (pv_entry_count < pv_entry_high_water &&
2185 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, TRUE)) != NULL) {
2187 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2188 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2195 * Tries to demote a 2MB page mapping.
2198 pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
2200 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
2201 pt_entry_t *firstpte, newpte, *pte;
2203 vm_page_t free, mpte;
2205 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2206 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, va);
2208 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
2210 KASSERT((*pde & PG_W) == 0,
2211 ("pmap_demote_pde: page table page for a wired mapping"
2214 pmap_remove_pde(pmap, pde, trunc_2mpage(va), &free);
2215 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, trunc_2mpage(va));
2216 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
2217 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: failure for va %#lx"
2218 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2221 mptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte);
2222 firstpte = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(mptepa);
2224 newpde = mptepa | PG_M | PG_A | (oldpde & PG_U) | PG_RW | PG_V;
2225 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_A | PG_V)) == (PG_A | PG_V),
2226 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_A and/or PG_V"));
2227 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) != PG_RW,
2228 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_M"));
2229 KASSERT((oldpde & PG_PS) != 0,
2230 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_PS"));
2231 newpte = oldpde & ~PG_PS;
2232 if ((newpte & PG_PDE_PAT) != 0)
2233 newpte ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
2236 * If the mapping has changed attributes, update the page table
2239 KASSERT((*firstpte & PG_FRAME) == (newpte & PG_FRAME),
2240 ("pmap_demote_pde: firstpte and newpte map different physical"
2242 if ((*firstpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE))
2243 for (pte = firstpte; pte < firstpte + NPTEPG; pte++) {
2245 newpte += PAGE_SIZE;
2249 * Demote the mapping. This pmap is locked. The old PDE has
2250 * PG_A set. If the old PDE has PG_RW set, it also has PG_M
2251 * set. Thus, there is no danger of a race with another
2252 * processor changing the setting of PG_A and/or PG_M between
2253 * the read above and the store below.
2255 pde_store(pde, newpde);
2258 * Invalidate a stale mapping of the page table page.
2260 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, (vm_offset_t)vtopte(va));
2263 * Demote the pv entry. This depends on the earlier demotion
2264 * of the mapping. Specifically, the (re)creation of a per-
2265 * page pv entry might trigger the execution of pmap_collect(),
2266 * which might reclaim a newly (re)created per-page pv entry
2267 * and destroy the associated mapping. In order to destroy
2268 * the mapping, the PDE must have already changed from mapping
2269 * the 2mpage to referencing the page table page.
2271 if ((oldpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
2272 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap, va, oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2274 pmap_pde_demotions++;
2275 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: success for va %#lx"
2276 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2281 * pmap_remove_pde: do the things to unmap a superpage in a process
2284 pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
2287 struct md_page *pvh;
2289 vm_offset_t eva, va;
2292 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2293 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
2294 ("pmap_remove_pde: sva is not 2mpage aligned"));
2295 oldpde = pte_load_clear(pdq);
2297 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
2300 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
2304 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, sva);
2305 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
2306 if (oldpde & PG_MANAGED) {
2307 pvh = pa_to_pvh(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2308 pmap_pvh_free(pvh, pmap, sva);
2310 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2311 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++) {
2312 if ((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2315 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
2316 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2317 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2318 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
2321 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
2322 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pdq, sva))
2323 panic("pmap_remove_pde: failed demotion");
2325 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, sva);
2327 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
2328 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
2329 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
2330 ("pmap_remove_pde: pte page wire count error"));
2331 mpte->wire_count = 0;
2332 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, free, FALSE);
2333 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
2336 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, sva, *pmap_pdpe(pmap, sva), free));
2340 * pmap_remove_pte: do the things to unmap a page in a process
2343 pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq, vm_offset_t va,
2344 pd_entry_t ptepde, vm_page_t *free)
2349 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2350 oldpte = pte_load_clear(ptq);
2352 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= 1;
2354 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
2358 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, va);
2359 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= 1;
2360 if (oldpte & PG_MANAGED) {
2361 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpte & PG_FRAME);
2362 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2365 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
2366 pmap_remove_entry(pmap, m, va);
2368 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, ptepde, free));
2372 * Remove a single page from a process address space
2375 pmap_remove_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_page_t *free)
2379 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2380 if ((*pde & PG_V) == 0)
2382 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va);
2383 if ((*pte & PG_V) == 0)
2385 pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, va, *pde, free);
2386 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2390 * Remove the given range of addresses from the specified map.
2392 * It is assumed that the start and end are properly
2393 * rounded to the page size.
2396 pmap_remove(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
2398 vm_offset_t va_next;
2399 pml4_entry_t *pml4e;
2401 pd_entry_t ptpaddr, *pde;
2403 vm_page_t free = NULL;
2407 * Perform an unsynchronized read. This is, however, safe.
2409 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2414 vm_page_lock_queues();
2418 * special handling of removing one page. a very
2419 * common operation and easy to short circuit some
2422 if (sva + PAGE_SIZE == eva) {
2423 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, sva);
2424 if (pde && (*pde & PG_PS) == 0) {
2425 pmap_remove_page(pmap, sva, pde, &free);
2430 for (; sva < eva; sva = va_next) {
2432 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2435 pml4e = pmap_pml4e(pmap, sva);
2436 if ((*pml4e & PG_V) == 0) {
2437 va_next = (sva + NBPML4) & ~PML4MASK;
2443 pdpe = pmap_pml4e_to_pdpe(pml4e, sva);
2444 if ((*pdpe & PG_V) == 0) {
2445 va_next = (sva + NBPDP) & ~PDPMASK;
2452 * Calculate index for next page table.
2454 va_next = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2458 pde = pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdpe, sva);
2462 * Weed out invalid mappings.
2468 * Check for large page.
2470 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
2472 * Are we removing the entire large page? If not,
2473 * demote the mapping and fall through.
2475 if (sva + NBPDR == va_next && eva >= va_next) {
2477 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
2478 * invalidated by pmap_remove_pde().
2480 if ((ptpaddr & PG_G) == 0)
2482 pmap_remove_pde(pmap, pde, sva, &free);
2484 } else if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, sva)) {
2485 /* The large page mapping was destroyed. */
2492 * Limit our scan to either the end of the va represented
2493 * by the current page table page, or to the end of the
2494 * range being removed.
2499 for (pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, sva); sva != va_next; pte++,
2505 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is invalidated
2506 * by pmap_remove_pte().
2508 if ((*pte & PG_G) == 0)
2510 if (pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, sva, ptpaddr, &free))
2516 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2517 vm_page_unlock_queues();
2519 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
2523 * Routine: pmap_remove_all
2525 * Removes this physical page from
2526 * all physical maps in which it resides.
2527 * Reflects back modify bits to the pager.
2530 * Original versions of this routine were very
2531 * inefficient because they iteratively called
2532 * pmap_remove (slow...)
2536 pmap_remove_all(vm_page_t m)
2538 struct md_page *pvh;
2541 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
2546 KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0,
2547 ("pmap_remove_all: page %p is fictitious", m));
2548 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2549 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2550 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != NULL) {
2554 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
2555 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
2558 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
2561 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
2562 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
2563 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_remove_all: found"
2564 " a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
2565 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, pv->pv_va);
2566 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
2568 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
2570 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
2573 * Update the vm_page_t clean and reference bits.
2575 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2578 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, *pde, &free);
2579 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
2580 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
2581 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
2582 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2585 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
2589 * pmap_protect_pde: do the things to protect a 2mpage in a process
2592 pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva, vm_prot_t prot)
2594 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
2595 vm_offset_t eva, va;
2597 boolean_t anychanged;
2599 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2600 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
2601 ("pmap_protect_pde: sva is not 2mpage aligned"));
2604 oldpde = newpde = *pde;
2605 if (oldpde & PG_MANAGED) {
2607 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2608 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++) {
2610 * In contrast to the analogous operation on a 4KB page
2611 * mapping, the mapping's PG_A flag is not cleared and
2612 * the page's PG_REFERENCED flag is not set. The
2613 * reason is that pmap_demote_pde() expects that a 2MB
2614 * page mapping with a stored page table page has PG_A
2617 if ((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2621 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
2622 newpde &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
2623 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
2625 if (newpde != oldpde) {
2626 if (!atomic_cmpset_long(pde, oldpde, newpde))
2629 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, sva);
2633 return (anychanged);
2637 * Set the physical protection on the
2638 * specified range of this map as requested.
2641 pmap_protect(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, vm_prot_t prot)
2643 vm_offset_t va_next;
2644 pml4_entry_t *pml4e;
2646 pd_entry_t ptpaddr, *pde;
2650 if ((prot & VM_PROT_READ) == VM_PROT_NONE) {
2651 pmap_remove(pmap, sva, eva);
2655 if ((prot & (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) ==
2656 (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE))
2661 vm_page_lock_queues();
2663 for (; sva < eva; sva = va_next) {
2665 pml4e = pmap_pml4e(pmap, sva);
2666 if ((*pml4e & PG_V) == 0) {
2667 va_next = (sva + NBPML4) & ~PML4MASK;
2673 pdpe = pmap_pml4e_to_pdpe(pml4e, sva);
2674 if ((*pdpe & PG_V) == 0) {
2675 va_next = (sva + NBPDP) & ~PDPMASK;
2681 va_next = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2685 pde = pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdpe, sva);
2689 * Weed out invalid mappings.
2695 * Check for large page.
2697 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
2699 * Are we protecting the entire large page? If not,
2700 * demote the mapping and fall through.
2702 if (sva + NBPDR == va_next && eva >= va_next) {
2704 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
2705 * invalidated by pmap_protect_pde().
2707 if (pmap_protect_pde(pmap, pde, sva, prot))
2710 } else if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, sva)) {
2711 /* The large page mapping was destroyed. */
2719 for (pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, sva); sva != va_next; pte++,
2721 pt_entry_t obits, pbits;
2725 obits = pbits = *pte;
2726 if ((pbits & PG_V) == 0)
2728 if (pbits & PG_MANAGED) {
2731 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pbits & PG_FRAME);
2732 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
2735 if ((pbits & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
2737 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pbits &
2743 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
2744 pbits &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
2745 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
2748 if (pbits != obits) {
2749 if (!atomic_cmpset_long(pte, obits, pbits))
2752 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, sva);
2759 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2760 vm_page_unlock_queues();
2765 * Tries to promote the 512, contiguous 4KB page mappings that are within a
2766 * single page table page (PTP) to a single 2MB page mapping. For promotion
2767 * to occur, two conditions must be met: (1) the 4KB page mappings must map
2768 * aligned, contiguous physical memory and (2) the 4KB page mappings must have
2769 * identical characteristics.
2772 pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
2775 pt_entry_t *firstpte, oldpte, pa, *pte;
2776 vm_offset_t oldpteva;
2779 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2782 * Examine the first PTE in the specified PTP. Abort if this PTE is
2783 * either invalid, unused, or does not map the first 4KB physical page
2784 * within a 2MB page.
2786 firstpte = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(*pde & PG_FRAME);
2789 if ((newpde & ((PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) | PG_A | PG_V)) != (PG_A | PG_V)) {
2790 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
2791 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#lx"
2792 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2795 if ((newpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
2797 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared without
2798 * a TLB invalidation.
2800 if (!atomic_cmpset_long(firstpte, newpde, newpde & ~PG_RW))
2806 * Examine each of the other PTEs in the specified PTP. Abort if this
2807 * PTE maps an unexpected 4KB physical page or does not have identical
2808 * characteristics to the first PTE.
2810 pa = (newpde & (PG_PS_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2811 for (pte = firstpte + NPTEPG - 1; pte > firstpte; pte--) {
2814 if ((oldpte & (PG_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) != pa) {
2815 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
2816 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#lx"
2817 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2820 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
2822 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared
2823 * without a TLB invalidation.
2825 if (!atomic_cmpset_long(pte, oldpte, oldpte & ~PG_RW))
2828 oldpteva = (oldpte & PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) |
2830 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: protect for va %#lx"
2831 " in pmap %p", oldpteva, pmap);
2833 if ((oldpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpde & PG_PTE_PROMOTE)) {
2834 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
2835 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#lx"
2836 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2843 * Save the page table page in its current state until the PDE
2844 * mapping the superpage is demoted by pmap_demote_pde() or
2845 * destroyed by pmap_remove_pde().
2847 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pde & PG_FRAME);
2848 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
2849 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
2850 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page is out of range"));
2851 KASSERT(mpte->pindex == pmap_pde_pindex(va),
2852 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page's pindex is wrong"));
2853 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
2856 * Promote the pv entries.
2858 if ((newpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
2859 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap, va, newpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2862 * Propagate the PAT index to its proper position.
2864 if ((newpde & PG_PTE_PAT) != 0)
2865 newpde ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
2868 * Map the superpage.
2870 pde_store(pde, PG_PS | newpde);
2872 pmap_pde_promotions++;
2873 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: success for va %#lx"
2874 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2878 * Insert the given physical page (p) at
2879 * the specified virtual address (v) in the
2880 * target physical map with the protection requested.
2882 * If specified, the page will be wired down, meaning
2883 * that the related pte can not be reclaimed.
2885 * NB: This is the only routine which MAY NOT lazy-evaluate
2886 * or lose information. That is, this routine must actually
2887 * insert this page into the given map NOW.
2890 pmap_enter(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t access, vm_page_t m,
2891 vm_prot_t prot, boolean_t wired)
2897 pt_entry_t origpte, newpte;
2901 va = trunc_page(va);
2902 KASSERT(va <= VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS, ("pmap_enter: toobig"));
2903 KASSERT(va < UPT_MIN_ADDRESS || va >= UPT_MAX_ADDRESS,
2904 ("pmap_enter: invalid to pmap_enter page table pages (va: 0x%lx)", va));
2908 vm_page_lock_queues();
2912 * In the case that a page table page is not
2913 * resident, we are creating it here.
2915 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
2916 mpte = pmap_allocpte(pmap, va, M_WAITOK);
2919 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
2920 if (pde != NULL && (*pde & PG_V) != 0) {
2921 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0)
2922 panic("pmap_enter: attempted pmap_enter on 2MB page");
2923 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va);
2925 panic("pmap_enter: invalid page directory va=%#lx", va);
2927 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
2930 opa = origpte & PG_FRAME;
2933 * Mapping has not changed, must be protection or wiring change.
2935 if (origpte && (opa == pa)) {
2937 * Wiring change, just update stats. We don't worry about
2938 * wiring PT pages as they remain resident as long as there
2939 * are valid mappings in them. Hence, if a user page is wired,
2940 * the PT page will be also.
2942 if (wired && ((origpte & PG_W) == 0))
2943 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
2944 else if (!wired && (origpte & PG_W))
2945 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
2948 * Remove extra pte reference
2954 * We might be turning off write access to the page,
2955 * so we go ahead and sense modify status.
2957 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED) {
2964 * Mapping has changed, invalidate old range and fall through to
2965 * handle validating new mapping.
2969 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
2970 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED) {
2971 om = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(opa);
2972 pmap_remove_entry(pmap, om, va);
2976 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count > 0,
2977 ("pmap_enter: missing reference to page table page,"
2981 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
2984 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
2986 if ((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) == 0) {
2987 KASSERT(va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva,
2988 ("pmap_enter: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
2989 pmap_insert_entry(pmap, va, m);
2994 * Increment counters
2997 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3001 * Now validate mapping with desired protection/wiring.
3003 newpte = (pt_entry_t)(pa | PG_V);
3004 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0) {
3006 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
3008 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3012 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
3014 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
3018 * if the mapping or permission bits are different, we need
3019 * to update the pte.
3021 if ((origpte & ~(PG_M|PG_A)) != newpte) {
3023 if ((access & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0)
3025 if (origpte & PG_V) {
3027 origpte = pte_load_store(pte, newpte);
3028 if (origpte & PG_A) {
3029 if (origpte & PG_MANAGED)
3030 vm_page_flag_set(om, PG_REFERENCED);
3031 if (opa != VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) || ((origpte &
3032 PG_NX) == 0 && (newpte & PG_NX)))
3035 if ((origpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3036 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3038 if ((newpte & PG_RW) == 0)
3042 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3044 pte_store(pte, newpte);
3048 * If both the page table page and the reservation are fully
3049 * populated, then attempt promotion.
3051 if ((mpte == NULL || mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG) &&
3052 pg_ps_enabled && vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0)
3053 pmap_promote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3055 vm_page_unlock_queues();
3060 * Tries to create a 2MB page mapping. Returns TRUE if successful and FALSE
3061 * otherwise. Fails if (1) a page table page cannot be allocated without
3062 * blocking, (2) a mapping already exists at the specified virtual address, or
3063 * (3) a pv entry cannot be allocated without reclaiming another pv entry.
3066 pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3068 pd_entry_t *pde, newpde;
3069 vm_page_t free, mpde;
3071 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3072 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3073 if ((mpde = pmap_allocpde(pmap, va, M_NOWAIT)) == NULL) {
3074 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3075 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3078 pde = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpde));
3079 pde = &pde[pmap_pde_index(va)];
3080 if ((*pde & PG_V) != 0) {
3081 KASSERT(mpde->wire_count > 1,
3082 ("pmap_enter_pde: mpde's wire count is too low"));
3084 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3085 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3088 newpde = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_PS | PG_V;
3089 if ((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) == 0) {
3090 newpde |= PG_MANAGED;
3093 * Abort this mapping if its PV entry could not be created.
3095 if (!pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap, va, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))) {
3097 if (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, mpde, &free)) {
3098 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3099 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3101 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3102 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3106 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3108 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
3112 * Increment counters.
3114 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
3117 * Map the superpage.
3119 pde_store(pde, newpde);
3121 pmap_pde_mappings++;
3122 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: success for va %#lx"
3123 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3128 * Maps a sequence of resident pages belonging to the same object.
3129 * The sequence begins with the given page m_start. This page is
3130 * mapped at the given virtual address start. Each subsequent page is
3131 * mapped at a virtual address that is offset from start by the same
3132 * amount as the page is offset from m_start within the object. The
3133 * last page in the sequence is the page with the largest offset from
3134 * m_start that can be mapped at a virtual address less than the given
3135 * virtual address end. Not every virtual page between start and end
3136 * is mapped; only those for which a resident page exists with the
3137 * corresponding offset from m_start are mapped.
3140 pmap_enter_object(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
3141 vm_page_t m_start, vm_prot_t prot)
3145 vm_pindex_t diff, psize;
3147 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m_start->object, MA_OWNED);
3148 psize = atop(end - start);
3152 while (m != NULL && (diff = m->pindex - m_start->pindex) < psize) {
3153 va = start + ptoa(diff);
3154 if ((va & PDRMASK) == 0 && va + NBPDR <= end &&
3155 (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) & PDRMASK) == 0 &&
3156 pg_ps_enabled && vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0 &&
3157 pmap_enter_pde(pmap, va, m, prot))
3158 m = &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE - 1];
3160 mpte = pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot,
3162 m = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
3168 * this code makes some *MAJOR* assumptions:
3169 * 1. Current pmap & pmap exists.
3172 * 4. No page table pages.
3173 * but is *MUCH* faster than pmap_enter...
3177 pmap_enter_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3181 (void) pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot, NULL);
3186 pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
3187 vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte)
3193 KASSERT(va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva ||
3194 (m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) != 0,
3195 ("pmap_enter_quick_locked: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
3196 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3197 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3200 * In the case that a page table page is not
3201 * resident, we are creating it here.
3203 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
3204 vm_pindex_t ptepindex;
3208 * Calculate pagetable page index
3210 ptepindex = pmap_pde_pindex(va);
3211 if (mpte && (mpte->pindex == ptepindex)) {
3215 * Get the page directory entry
3217 ptepa = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3220 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment
3221 * the hold count, and activate it.
3223 if (ptepa && (*ptepa & PG_V) != 0) {
3226 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*ptepa & PG_FRAME);
3229 mpte = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex,
3240 * This call to vtopte makes the assumption that we are
3241 * entering the page into the current pmap. In order to support
3242 * quick entry into any pmap, one would likely use pmap_pte.
3243 * But that isn't as quick as vtopte.
3255 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
3257 if ((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) == 0 &&
3258 !pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap, va, m)) {
3261 if (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(pmap, va, mpte, &free)) {
3262 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3263 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3271 * Increment counters
3273 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
3275 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
3276 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3280 * Now validate mapping with RO protection
3282 if (m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS|PG_UNMANAGED))
3283 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U);
3285 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U | PG_MANAGED);
3290 * Make a temporary mapping for a physical address. This is only intended
3291 * to be used for panic dumps.
3294 pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i)
3298 va = (vm_offset_t)crashdumpmap + (i * PAGE_SIZE);
3299 pmap_kenter(va, pa);
3301 return ((void *)crashdumpmap);
3305 * This code maps large physical mmap regions into the
3306 * processor address space. Note that some shortcuts
3307 * are taken, but the code works.
3310 pmap_object_init_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_object_t object,
3311 vm_pindex_t pindex, vm_size_t size)
3316 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
3317 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_DEVICE,
3318 ("pmap_object_init_pt: non-device object"));
3319 if (((addr & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0) && ((size & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0)) {
3321 pd_entry_t ptepa, *pde;
3324 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
3325 if (pde != 0 && (*pde & PG_V) != 0)
3329 p = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
3331 if (vm_page_sleep_if_busy(p, FALSE, "init4p"))
3334 p = vm_page_alloc(object, pindex, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL);
3339 if (vm_pager_get_pages(object, m, 1, 0) != VM_PAGER_OK) {
3340 vm_page_lock_queues();
3342 vm_page_unlock_queues();
3346 p = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
3350 ptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p);
3351 if (ptepa & (NBPDR - 1))
3354 p->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
3357 for (va = addr; va < addr + size; va += NBPDR) {
3359 pmap_allocpde(pmap, va, M_NOWAIT)) == NULL) {
3362 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
3364 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
3368 pde = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pdpg));
3369 pde = &pde[pmap_pde_index(va)];
3370 if ((*pde & PG_V) == 0) {
3371 pde_store(pde, ptepa | PG_PS | PG_M | PG_A |
3372 PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V);
3373 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count +=
3377 KASSERT(pdpg->wire_count > 0,
3378 ("pmap_object_init_pt: missing reference "
3379 "to page directory page, va: 0x%lx", va));
3383 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3390 * Routine: pmap_change_wiring
3391 * Function: Change the wiring attribute for a map/virtual-address
3393 * In/out conditions:
3394 * The mapping must already exist in the pmap.
3397 pmap_change_wiring(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, boolean_t wired)
3401 boolean_t are_queues_locked;
3403 are_queues_locked = FALSE;
3406 * Wiring is not a hardware characteristic so there is no need to
3411 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3412 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0) {
3413 if (!wired != ((*pde & PG_W) == 0)) {
3414 if (!are_queues_locked) {
3415 are_queues_locked = TRUE;
3416 if (!mtx_trylock(&vm_page_queue_mtx)) {
3418 vm_page_lock_queues();
3422 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va))
3423 panic("pmap_change_wiring: demotion failed");
3427 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va);
3428 if (wired && (*pte & PG_W) == 0) {
3429 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3430 atomic_set_long(pte, PG_W);
3431 } else if (!wired && (*pte & PG_W) != 0) {
3432 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3433 atomic_clear_long(pte, PG_W);
3436 if (are_queues_locked)
3437 vm_page_unlock_queues();
3444 * Copy the range specified by src_addr/len
3445 * from the source map to the range dst_addr/len
3446 * in the destination map.
3448 * This routine is only advisory and need not do anything.
3452 pmap_copy(pmap_t dst_pmap, pmap_t src_pmap, vm_offset_t dst_addr, vm_size_t len,
3453 vm_offset_t src_addr)
3457 vm_offset_t end_addr = src_addr + len;
3458 vm_offset_t va_next;
3460 if (dst_addr != src_addr)
3463 if (!pmap_is_current(src_pmap))
3466 vm_page_lock_queues();
3467 if (dst_pmap < src_pmap) {
3468 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
3469 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
3471 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
3472 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
3474 for (addr = src_addr; addr < end_addr; addr = va_next) {
3475 pt_entry_t *src_pte, *dst_pte;
3476 vm_page_t dstmpde, dstmpte, srcmpte;
3477 pml4_entry_t *pml4e;
3479 pd_entry_t srcptepaddr, *pde;
3481 KASSERT(addr < UPT_MIN_ADDRESS,
3482 ("pmap_copy: invalid to pmap_copy page tables"));
3484 pml4e = pmap_pml4e(src_pmap, addr);
3485 if ((*pml4e & PG_V) == 0) {
3486 va_next = (addr + NBPML4) & ~PML4MASK;
3492 pdpe = pmap_pml4e_to_pdpe(pml4e, addr);
3493 if ((*pdpe & PG_V) == 0) {
3494 va_next = (addr + NBPDP) & ~PDPMASK;
3500 va_next = (addr + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
3504 pde = pmap_pdpe_to_pde(pdpe, addr);
3506 if (srcptepaddr == 0)
3509 if (srcptepaddr & PG_PS) {
3510 dstmpde = pmap_allocpde(dst_pmap, addr, M_NOWAIT);
3511 if (dstmpde == NULL)
3513 pde = (pd_entry_t *)
3514 PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(dstmpde));
3515 pde = &pde[pmap_pde_index(addr)];
3516 if (*pde == 0 && ((srcptepaddr & PG_MANAGED) == 0 ||
3517 pmap_pv_insert_pde(dst_pmap, addr, srcptepaddr &
3519 *pde = srcptepaddr & ~PG_W;
3520 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count +=
3523 dstmpde->wire_count--;
3527 srcmpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(srcptepaddr & PG_FRAME);
3528 KASSERT(srcmpte->wire_count > 0,
3529 ("pmap_copy: source page table page is unused"));
3531 if (va_next > end_addr)
3534 src_pte = vtopte(addr);
3535 while (addr < va_next) {
3539 * we only virtual copy managed pages
3541 if ((ptetemp & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
3542 dstmpte = pmap_allocpte(dst_pmap, addr,
3544 if (dstmpte == NULL)
3546 dst_pte = (pt_entry_t *)
3547 PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(dstmpte));
3548 dst_pte = &dst_pte[pmap_pte_index(addr)];
3549 if (*dst_pte == 0 &&
3550 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(dst_pmap, addr,
3551 PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptetemp & PG_FRAME))) {
3553 * Clear the wired, modified, and
3554 * accessed (referenced) bits
3557 *dst_pte = ptetemp & ~(PG_W | PG_M |
3559 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
3562 if (pmap_unwire_pte_hold(dst_pmap,
3563 addr, dstmpte, &free)) {
3564 pmap_invalidate_page(dst_pmap,
3566 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3569 if (dstmpte->wire_count >= srcmpte->wire_count)
3576 vm_page_unlock_queues();
3577 PMAP_UNLOCK(src_pmap);
3578 PMAP_UNLOCK(dst_pmap);
3582 * pmap_zero_page zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
3583 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
3586 pmap_zero_page(vm_page_t m)
3588 vm_offset_t va = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3590 pagezero((void *)va);
3594 * pmap_zero_page_area zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
3595 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
3597 * off and size may not cover an area beyond a single hardware page.
3600 pmap_zero_page_area(vm_page_t m, int off, int size)
3602 vm_offset_t va = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3604 if (off == 0 && size == PAGE_SIZE)
3605 pagezero((void *)va);
3607 bzero((char *)va + off, size);
3611 * pmap_zero_page_idle zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
3612 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents. This
3613 * is intended to be called from the vm_pagezero process only and
3617 pmap_zero_page_idle(vm_page_t m)
3619 vm_offset_t va = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3621 pagezero((void *)va);
3625 * pmap_copy_page copies the specified (machine independent)
3626 * page by mapping the page into virtual memory and using
3627 * bcopy to copy the page, one machine dependent page at a
3631 pmap_copy_page(vm_page_t msrc, vm_page_t mdst)
3633 vm_offset_t src = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(msrc));
3634 vm_offset_t dst = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mdst));
3636 pagecopy((void *)src, (void *)dst);
3640 * Returns true if the pmap's pv is one of the first
3641 * 16 pvs linked to from this page. This count may
3642 * be changed upwards or downwards in the future; it
3643 * is only necessary that true be returned for a small
3644 * subset of pmaps for proper page aging.
3647 pmap_page_exists_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m)
3649 struct md_page *pvh;
3653 if (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS)
3656 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3657 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
3658 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
3666 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3667 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
3668 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap)
3679 * Returns TRUE if the given page is mapped individually or as part of
3680 * a 2mpage. Otherwise, returns FALSE.
3683 pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m)
3685 struct md_page *pvh;
3687 if ((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) != 0)
3689 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3690 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list)) {
3691 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3692 return (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list));
3698 * Remove all pages from specified address space
3699 * this aids process exit speeds. Also, this code
3700 * is special cased for current process only, but
3701 * can have the more generic (and slightly slower)
3702 * mode enabled. This is much faster than pmap_remove
3703 * in the case of running down an entire address space.
3706 pmap_remove_pages(pmap_t pmap)
3709 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
3710 vm_page_t free = NULL;
3711 vm_page_t m, mpte, mt;
3713 struct md_page *pvh;
3714 struct pv_chunk *pc, *npc;
3717 uint64_t inuse, bitmask;
3720 if (pmap != vmspace_pmap(curthread->td_proc->p_vmspace)) {
3721 printf("warning: pmap_remove_pages called with non-current pmap\n");
3724 vm_page_lock_queues();
3726 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pc, &pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc_list, npc) {
3728 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
3729 inuse = (~(pc->pc_map[field])) & pc_freemask[field];
3730 while (inuse != 0) {
3732 bitmask = 1UL << bit;
3733 idx = field * 64 + bit;
3734 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[idx];
3737 pde = vtopde(pv->pv_va);
3739 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0)
3742 pte = vtopte(pv->pv_va);
3743 tpte = *pte & ~PG_PTE_PAT;
3748 "TPTE at %p IS ZERO @ VA %08lx\n",
3754 * We cannot remove wired pages from a process' mapping at this time
3761 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(tpte & PG_FRAME);
3762 KASSERT(m->phys_addr == (tpte & PG_FRAME),
3763 ("vm_page_t %p phys_addr mismatch %016jx %016jx",
3764 m, (uintmax_t)m->phys_addr,
3767 KASSERT(m < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
3768 ("pmap_remove_pages: bad tpte %#jx",
3774 * Update the vm_page_t clean/reference bits.
3776 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3777 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
3778 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
3785 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
3786 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
3788 pc->pc_map[field] |= bitmask;
3789 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
3790 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
3791 pvh = pa_to_pvh(tpte & PG_PS_FRAME);
3792 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_list);
3793 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
3794 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
3795 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mt->md.pv_list))
3796 vm_page_flag_clear(mt, PG_WRITEABLE);
3798 mpte = pmap_lookup_pt_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3800 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, mpte);
3801 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
3802 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
3803 ("pmap_remove_pages: pte page wire count error"));
3804 mpte->wire_count = 0;
3805 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, &free, FALSE);
3806 atomic_subtract_int(&cnt.v_wire_count, 1);
3808 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va,
3809 *pmap_pdpe(pmap, pv->pv_va), &free);
3811 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
3812 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
3813 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list)) {
3814 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3815 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
3816 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
3818 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, *pde, &free);
3823 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
3824 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
3825 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
3826 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
3827 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(DMAP_TO_PHYS((vm_offset_t)pc));
3828 dump_drop_page(m->phys_addr);
3829 vm_page_unwire(m, 0);
3833 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3834 vm_page_unlock_queues();
3836 pmap_free_zero_pages(free);
3842 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was modified
3843 * in any physical maps.
3846 pmap_is_modified(vm_page_t m)
3849 if (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS)
3851 if (pmap_is_modified_pvh(&m->md))
3853 return (pmap_is_modified_pvh(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))));
3857 * Returns TRUE if any of the given mappings were used to modify
3858 * physical memory. Otherwise, returns FALSE. Both page and 2mpage
3859 * mappings are supported.
3862 pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh)
3869 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3871 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list) {
3874 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3875 rv = (*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW);
3884 * pmap_is_prefaultable:
3886 * Return whether or not the specified virtual address is elgible
3890 pmap_is_prefaultable(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr)
3898 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
3899 if (pde != NULL && (*pde & (PG_PS | PG_V)) == PG_V) {
3900 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, addr);
3901 rv = (*pte & PG_V) == 0;
3908 * Clear the write and modified bits in each of the given page's mappings.
3911 pmap_remove_write(vm_page_t m)
3913 struct md_page *pvh;
3915 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
3917 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
3920 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
3921 (m->flags & PG_WRITEABLE) == 0)
3923 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3924 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3925 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
3929 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3930 if ((*pde & PG_RW) != 0)
3931 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3934 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
3937 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3938 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_write: found"
3939 " a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
3940 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, pv->pv_va);
3943 if (oldpte & PG_RW) {
3944 if (!atomic_cmpset_long(pte, oldpte, oldpte &
3947 if ((oldpte & PG_M) != 0)
3949 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3953 vm_page_flag_clear(m, PG_WRITEABLE);
3957 * pmap_ts_referenced:
3959 * Return a count of reference bits for a page, clearing those bits.
3960 * It is not necessary for every reference bit to be cleared, but it
3961 * is necessary that 0 only be returned when there are truly no
3962 * reference bits set.
3964 * XXX: The exact number of bits to check and clear is a matter that
3965 * should be tested and standardized at some point in the future for
3966 * optimal aging of shared pages.
3969 pmap_ts_referenced(vm_page_t m)
3971 struct md_page *pvh;
3972 pv_entry_t pv, pvf, pvn;
3974 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
3979 if (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS)
3981 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3982 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3983 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, pvn) {
3987 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3989 if ((oldpde & PG_A) != 0) {
3990 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
3991 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
3993 * Remove the mapping to a single page
3994 * so that a subsequent access may
3995 * repromote. Since the underlying
3996 * page table page is fully populated,
3997 * this removal never frees a page
4000 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4002 pmap_remove_page(pmap, va, pde, NULL);
4013 if ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
4016 pvn = TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_list);
4017 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4018 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_list);
4021 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4022 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_ts_referenced:"
4023 " found a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4024 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, pv->pv_va);
4025 if ((*pte & PG_A) != 0) {
4026 atomic_clear_long(pte, PG_A);
4027 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4033 } while ((pv = pvn) != NULL && pv != pvf);
4039 * Clear the modify bits on the specified physical page.
4042 pmap_clear_modify(vm_page_t m)
4044 struct md_page *pvh;
4046 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4047 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
4048 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
4051 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4053 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
4054 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4055 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
4059 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4061 if ((oldpde & PG_RW) != 0) {
4062 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
4063 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
4065 * Write protect the mapping to a
4066 * single page so that a subsequent
4067 * write access may repromote.
4069 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4071 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, va);
4073 if ((oldpte & PG_V) != 0) {
4074 while (!atomic_cmpset_long(pte,
4076 oldpte & ~(PG_M | PG_RW)))
4079 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
4086 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4089 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4090 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_modify: found"
4091 " a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4092 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, pv->pv_va);
4093 if ((*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
4094 atomic_clear_long(pte, PG_M);
4095 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4102 * pmap_clear_reference:
4104 * Clear the reference bit on the specified physical page.
4107 pmap_clear_reference(vm_page_t m)
4109 struct md_page *pvh;
4111 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4112 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
4116 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
4118 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_OWNED);
4119 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4120 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_list, next_pv) {
4124 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
4126 if ((oldpde & PG_A) != 0) {
4127 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
4129 * Remove the mapping to a single page so
4130 * that a subsequent access may repromote.
4131 * Since the underlying page table page is
4132 * fully populated, this removal never frees
4133 * a page table page.
4135 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
4137 pmap_remove_page(pmap, va, pde, NULL);
4142 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_list) {
4145 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4146 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_reference: found"
4147 " a 2mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
4148 pte = pmap_pde_to_pte(pde, pv->pv_va);
4150 atomic_clear_long(pte, PG_A);
4151 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4158 * Miscellaneous support routines follow
4161 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 4KB page mapped via a PTE. */
4162 static __inline void
4163 pmap_pte_attr(vm_offset_t va, int mode)
4171 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
4172 * PTE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
4175 opte = *(u_int *)pte;
4176 npte = opte & ~(PG_PTE_PAT | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT);
4177 npte |= pmap_cache_bits(mode, 0);
4178 } while (npte != opte && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, opte, npte));
4181 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 2MB page mapped via a PDE. */
4182 static __inline void
4183 pmap_pde_attr(vm_offset_t va, int mode)
4188 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, va);
4191 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
4192 * PDE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
4195 opde = *(u_int *)pde;
4196 npde = opde & ~(PG_PDE_PAT | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT);
4197 npde |= pmap_cache_bits(mode, 1);
4198 } while (npde != opde && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pde, opde, npde));
4202 * Map a set of physical memory pages into the kernel virtual
4203 * address space. Return a pointer to where it is mapped. This
4204 * routine is intended to be used for mapping device memory,
4208 pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size, int mode)
4210 vm_offset_t va, tmpva, offset;
4213 * If this fits within the direct map window and use WB caching
4214 * mode, use the direct map.
4216 if (pa < dmaplimit && (pa + size) < dmaplimit && mode == PAT_WRITE_BACK)
4217 return ((void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(pa));
4218 offset = pa & PAGE_MASK;
4219 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
4220 va = kmem_alloc_nofault(kernel_map, size);
4222 panic("pmap_mapdev: Couldn't alloc kernel virtual memory");
4223 pa = trunc_page(pa);
4224 for (tmpva = va; size > 0; ) {
4225 pmap_kenter_attr(tmpva, pa, mode);
4230 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, va, tmpva);
4231 pmap_invalidate_cache();
4232 return ((void *)(va + offset));
4236 pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
4239 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_UNCACHEABLE));
4243 pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
4246 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_WRITE_BACK));
4250 pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size)
4252 vm_offset_t base, offset, tmpva;
4254 /* If we gave a direct map region in pmap_mapdev, do nothing */
4255 if (va >= DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS && va < DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS)
4257 base = trunc_page(va);
4258 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
4259 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
4260 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < (base + size); tmpva += PAGE_SIZE)
4261 pmap_kremove(tmpva);
4262 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, va, tmpva);
4263 kmem_free(kernel_map, base, size);
4267 pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size, int mode)
4269 vm_offset_t base, offset, tmpva;
4273 base = trunc_page(va);
4274 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
4275 size = roundup(offset + size, PAGE_SIZE);
4277 /* Only supported on kernel virtual addresses. */
4278 if (base <= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
4282 * XXX: We have to support tearing 2MB pages down into 4k pages if
4285 /* Pages that aren't mapped aren't supported. */
4286 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < (base + size); ) {
4287 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
4291 /* Handle 2MB pages that are completely contained. */
4292 if (size >= NBPDR) {
4305 * Ok, all the pages exist, so run through them updating their
4308 for (tmpva = base; size > 0; ) {
4309 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
4311 pmap_pde_attr(tmpva, mode);
4315 pmap_pte_attr(tmpva, mode);
4322 * Flush CPU caches to make sure any data isn't cached that shouldn't
4325 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, base, tmpva);
4326 pmap_invalidate_cache();
4331 * perform the pmap work for mincore
4334 pmap_mincore(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr)
4343 pdep = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
4344 if (pdep != NULL && (*pdep & PG_V)) {
4345 if (*pdep & PG_PS) {
4347 val = MINCORE_SUPER;
4348 /* Compute the physical address of the 4KB page. */
4349 pa = ((*pdep & PG_PS_FRAME) | (addr & PDRMASK)) &
4352 pte = *pmap_pde_to_pte(pdep, addr);
4353 pa = pte & PG_FRAME;
4362 val |= MINCORE_INCORE;
4363 if ((pte & PG_MANAGED) == 0)
4366 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
4371 if ((pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
4372 val |= MINCORE_MODIFIED|MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
4375 * Modified by someone else
4377 vm_page_lock_queues();
4378 if (m->dirty || pmap_is_modified(m))
4379 val |= MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
4380 vm_page_unlock_queues();
4386 val |= MINCORE_REFERENCED|MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
4389 * Referenced by someone else
4391 vm_page_lock_queues();
4392 if ((m->flags & PG_REFERENCED) ||
4393 pmap_ts_referenced(m)) {
4394 val |= MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
4395 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
4397 vm_page_unlock_queues();
4404 pmap_activate(struct thread *td)
4406 pmap_t pmap, oldpmap;
4410 pmap = vmspace_pmap(td->td_proc->p_vmspace);
4411 oldpmap = PCPU_GET(curpmap);
4413 if (oldpmap) /* XXX FIXME */
4414 atomic_clear_int(&oldpmap->pm_active, PCPU_GET(cpumask));
4415 atomic_set_int(&pmap->pm_active, PCPU_GET(cpumask));
4417 if (oldpmap) /* XXX FIXME */
4418 oldpmap->pm_active &= ~PCPU_GET(cpumask);
4419 pmap->pm_active |= PCPU_GET(cpumask);
4421 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pml4);
4422 td->td_pcb->pcb_cr3 = cr3;
4428 pmap_addr_hint(vm_object_t obj, vm_offset_t addr, vm_size_t size)
4431 if ((obj == NULL) || (size < NBPDR) || (obj->type != OBJT_DEVICE)) {
4435 addr = (addr + (NBPDR - 1)) & ~(NBPDR - 1);
4440 * Increase the starting virtual address of the given mapping if a
4441 * different alignment might result in more superpage mappings.
4444 pmap_align_superpage(vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset,
4445 vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size)
4447 vm_offset_t superpage_offset;
4451 if (object != NULL && (object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) != 0)
4452 offset += ptoa(object->pg_color);
4453 superpage_offset = offset & PDRMASK;
4454 if (size - ((NBPDR - superpage_offset) & PDRMASK) < NBPDR ||
4455 (*addr & PDRMASK) == superpage_offset)
4457 if ((*addr & PDRMASK) < superpage_offset)
4458 *addr = (*addr & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
4460 *addr = ((*addr + PDRMASK) & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;