2 * Copyright (c) 1994-1998 Mark Brinicombe.
3 * Copyright (c) 1994 Brini.
6 * This code is derived from software written for Brini by Mark Brinicombe
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17 * must display the following acknowledgement:
18 * This product includes software developed by Brini.
19 * 4. The name of the company nor the name of the author may be used to
20 * endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
21 * prior written permission.
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BRINI ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
24 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
25 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
26 * IN NO EVENT SHALL BRINI OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
27 * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
28 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
29 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35 * RiscBSD kernel project
39 * Machine dependant functions for kernel setup
41 * This file needs a lot of work.
46 #include "opt_msgbuf.h"
50 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
51 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
53 #define _ARM32_BUS_DMA_PRIVATE
54 #include <sys/param.h>
55 #include <sys/systm.h>
56 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
57 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
58 #include <sys/imgact.h>
59 #include <sys/kernel.h>
61 #include <sys/linker.h>
63 #include <sys/malloc.h>
64 #include <sys/mutex.h>
67 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
74 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
75 #include <machine/reg.h>
76 #include <machine/cpu.h>
81 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
82 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
83 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
84 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
85 #include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
86 #include <machine/pmap.h>
87 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
88 #include <machine/pcb.h>
89 #include <machine/undefined.h>
90 #include <machine/machdep.h>
91 #include <machine/metadata.h>
92 #include <machine/armreg.h>
93 #include <machine/bus.h>
94 #include <sys/reboot.h>
96 #include <arm/at91/at91rm92reg.h>
97 #include <arm/at91/at91_piovar.h>
98 #include <arm/at91/at91_pio_rm9200.h>
100 #define KERNEL_PT_SYS 0 /* Page table for mapping proc0 zero page */
101 #define KERNEL_PT_KERN 1
102 #define KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM 22
103 #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL KERNEL_PT_KERN + KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM /* L2 table for mapping after kernel */
104 #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM 5
106 /* this should be evenly divisable by PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL (or 4) */
107 #define NUM_KERNEL_PTS (KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM)
109 /* Define various stack sizes in pages */
110 #define IRQ_STACK_SIZE 1
111 #define ABT_STACK_SIZE 1
112 #define UND_STACK_SIZE 1
114 extern u_int data_abort_handler_address;
115 extern u_int prefetch_abort_handler_address;
116 extern u_int undefined_handler_address;
118 struct pv_addr kernel_pt_table[NUM_KERNEL_PTS];
125 struct pcpu *pcpup = &__pcpu;
127 /* Physical and virtual addresses for some global pages */
129 vm_paddr_t phys_avail[10];
130 vm_paddr_t dump_avail[4];
131 vm_offset_t physical_pages;
133 struct pv_addr systempage;
134 struct pv_addr msgbufpv;
135 struct pv_addr irqstack;
136 struct pv_addr undstack;
137 struct pv_addr abtstack;
138 struct pv_addr kernelstack;
140 static struct trapframe proc0_tf;
142 /* Static device mappings. */
143 static const struct pmap_devmap kb920x_devmap[] = {
145 * Map the on-board devices VA == PA so that we can access them
146 * with the MMU on or off.
150 * This at least maps the interrupt controller, the UART
151 * and the timer. Other devices should use newbus to
152 * map their memory anyway.
157 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
161 * We can't just map the OHCI registers VA == PA, because
162 * AT91RM92_OHCI_BASE belongs to the userland address space.
163 * We could just choose a different virtual address, but a better
164 * solution would probably be to just use pmap_mapdev() to allocate
165 * KVA, as we don't need the OHCI controller before the vm
166 * initialization is done. However, the AT91 resource allocation
167 * system doesn't know how to use pmap_mapdev() yet.
172 * Add the ohci controller, and anything else that might be
173 * on this chip select for a VA/PA mapping.
178 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
191 #define SDRAM_START 0xa0000000
194 extern vm_offset_t ksym_start, ksym_end;
200 uint32_t *SDRAMC = (uint32_t *)(AT91RM92_BASE + AT91RM92_SDRAMC_BASE);
202 int banks, rows, cols, bw;
204 cr = SDRAMC[AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR / 4];
205 mr = SDRAMC[AT91RM92_SDRAMC_MR / 4];
206 bw = (mr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_MR_DBW_16) ? 1 : 2;
207 banks = (cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NB_4) ? 2 : 1;
208 rows = ((cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NR_MASK) >> 2) + 11;
209 cols = (cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NC_MASK) + 8;
210 return (1 << (cols + rows + banks + bw));
217 * Since the USART supprots RS-485 multidrop mode, it allows the
218 * TX pins to float. However, for RS-232 operations, we don't want
219 * these pins to float. Instead, they should be pulled up to avoid
220 * mismatches. Linux does something similar when it configures the
221 * TX lines. This implies that we also allow the RX lines to float
222 * rather than be in the state they are left in by the boot loader.
223 * Since they are input pins, I think that this is the right thing
227 /* PIOA's A periph: Turn USART 0 and 2's TX/RX pins */
228 at91_pio_use_periph_a(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE,
229 AT91C_PA18_RXD0 | AT91C_PA22_RXD2, 0);
230 at91_pio_use_periph_a(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE,
231 AT91C_PA17_TXD0 | AT91C_PA23_TXD2, 1);
232 /* PIOA's B periph: Turn USART 3's TX/RX pins */
233 at91_pio_use_periph_b(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE, AT91C_PA6_RXD3, 0);
234 at91_pio_use_periph_b(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE, AT91C_PA5_TXD3, 1);
236 /* We're using TC0's A1 and A2 input */
237 at91_pio_use_periph_b(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE,
238 AT91C_PA19_TIOA1 | AT91C_PA21_TIOA2, 0);
240 /* PIOB's A periph: Turn USART 1's TX/RX pins */
241 at91_pio_use_periph_a(AT91RM92_PIOB_BASE, AT91C_PB21_RXD1, 0);
242 at91_pio_use_periph_a(AT91RM92_PIOB_BASE, AT91C_PB20_TXD1, 1);
246 /* Assert PA24 low -- talk to rubidium */
247 at91_pio_use_gpio(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE, AT91C_PIO_PA24);
248 at91_pio_gpio_output(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE, AT91C_PIO_PA24, 0);
249 at91_pio_gpio_clear(AT91RM92_PIOA_BASE, AT91C_PIO_PA24);
250 at91_pio_use_gpio(AT91RM92_PIOB_BASE,
251 AT91C_PIO_PB16 | AT91C_PIO_PB17 | AT91C_PIO_PB18 | AT91C_PIO_PB19);
258 initarm(void *arg, void *arg2)
260 struct pv_addr kernel_l1pt;
263 vm_offset_t freemempos;
264 vm_offset_t afterkern;
266 uint32_t fake_preload[35];
268 vm_offset_t lastaddr;
270 vm_offset_t zstart = 0, zend = 0;
277 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_NAME;
278 fake_preload[i++] = strlen("elf kernel") + 1;
279 strcpy((char*)&fake_preload[i++], "elf kernel");
281 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_TYPE;
282 fake_preload[i++] = strlen("elf kernel") + 1;
283 strcpy((char*)&fake_preload[i++], "elf kernel");
285 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_ADDR;
286 fake_preload[i++] = sizeof(vm_offset_t);
287 fake_preload[i++] = KERNBASE;
288 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_SIZE;
289 fake_preload[i++] = sizeof(uint32_t);
290 fake_preload[i++] = (uint32_t)&end - KERNBASE;
292 if (*(uint32_t *)KERNVIRTADDR == MAGIC_TRAMP_NUMBER) {
293 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_METADATA|MODINFOMD_SSYM;
294 fake_preload[i++] = sizeof(vm_offset_t);
295 fake_preload[i++] = *(uint32_t *)(KERNVIRTADDR + 4);
296 fake_preload[i++] = MODINFO_METADATA|MODINFOMD_ESYM;
297 fake_preload[i++] = sizeof(vm_offset_t);
298 fake_preload[i++] = *(uint32_t *)(KERNVIRTADDR + 8);
299 lastaddr = *(uint32_t *)(KERNVIRTADDR + 8);
301 zstart = *(uint32_t *)(KERNVIRTADDR + 4);
306 lastaddr = (vm_offset_t)&end;
308 fake_preload[i++] = 0;
310 preload_metadata = (void *)fake_preload;
313 pcpu_init(pcpup, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu));
314 PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0);
316 #define KERNEL_TEXT_BASE (KERNBASE)
317 freemempos = (lastaddr + PAGE_MASK) & ~PAGE_MASK;
318 /* Define a macro to simplify memory allocation */
319 #define valloc_pages(var, np) \
320 alloc_pages((var).pv_va, (np)); \
321 (var).pv_pa = (var).pv_va + (KERNPHYSADDR - KERNVIRTADDR);
323 #define alloc_pages(var, np) \
324 (var) = freemempos; \
325 freemempos += (np * PAGE_SIZE); \
326 memset((char *)(var), 0, ((np) * PAGE_SIZE));
328 while (((freemempos - L1_TABLE_SIZE) & (L1_TABLE_SIZE - 1)) != 0)
329 freemempos += PAGE_SIZE;
330 valloc_pages(kernel_l1pt, L1_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
331 for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_KERNEL_PTS; ++loop) {
332 if (!(loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL))) {
333 valloc_pages(kernel_pt_table[loop],
334 L2_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
336 kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va = freemempos -
337 (loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL)) *
339 kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa =
340 kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va - KERNVIRTADDR +
346 * Allocate a page for the system page mapped to V0x00000000
347 * This page will just contain the system vectors and can be
348 * shared by all processes.
350 valloc_pages(systempage, 1);
352 /* Allocate stacks for all modes */
353 valloc_pages(irqstack, IRQ_STACK_SIZE);
354 valloc_pages(abtstack, ABT_STACK_SIZE);
355 valloc_pages(undstack, UND_STACK_SIZE);
356 valloc_pages(kernelstack, KSTACK_PAGES);
357 valloc_pages(msgbufpv, round_page(MSGBUF_SIZE) / PAGE_SIZE);
359 * Now we start construction of the L1 page table
360 * We start by mapping the L2 page tables into the L1.
361 * This means that we can replace L1 mappings later on if necessary
363 l1pagetable = kernel_l1pt.pv_va;
365 /* Map the L2 pages tables in the L1 page table */
366 pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH,
367 &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_SYS]);
368 for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM; i++)
369 pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, KERNBASE + i * 0x100000,
370 &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_KERN + i]);
371 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, KERNBASE, KERNPHYSADDR,
372 (((uint32_t)(lastaddr) - KERNBASE) + PAGE_SIZE) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1),
373 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
374 afterkern = round_page((lastaddr + L1_S_SIZE) & ~(L1_S_SIZE
376 for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM; i++) {
377 pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, afterkern + i * 0x00100000,
378 &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + i]);
381 /* Map the vector page. */
382 pmap_map_entry(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, systempage.pv_pa,
383 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
384 /* Map the stack pages */
385 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, irqstack.pv_va, irqstack.pv_pa,
386 IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
387 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, abtstack.pv_va, abtstack.pv_pa,
388 ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
389 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, undstack.pv_va, undstack.pv_pa,
390 UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
391 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernelstack.pv_va, kernelstack.pv_pa,
392 KSTACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
394 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernel_l1pt.pv_va, kernel_l1pt.pv_pa,
395 L1_TABLE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_PAGETABLE);
396 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, msgbufpv.pv_va, msgbufpv.pv_pa,
397 MSGBUF_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
400 for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_KERNEL_PTS; ++loop) {
401 pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va,
402 kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa, L2_TABLE_SIZE,
403 VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_PAGETABLE);
406 pmap_devmap_bootstrap(l1pagetable, kb920x_devmap);
407 cpu_domains((DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2)) | DOMAIN_CLIENT);
408 setttb(kernel_l1pt.pv_pa);
410 cpu_domains(DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2));
412 memsize = board_init();
413 physmem = memsize / PAGE_SIZE;
416 * Pages were allocated during the secondary bootstrap for the
417 * stacks for different CPU modes.
418 * We must now set the r13 registers in the different CPU modes to
419 * point to these stacks.
420 * Since the ARM stacks use STMFD etc. we must set r13 to the top end
421 * of the stack memory.
424 cpu_control(CPU_CONTROL_MMU_ENABLE, CPU_CONTROL_MMU_ENABLE);
425 set_stackptr(PSR_IRQ32_MODE,
426 irqstack.pv_va + IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
427 set_stackptr(PSR_ABT32_MODE,
428 abtstack.pv_va + ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
429 set_stackptr(PSR_UND32_MODE,
430 undstack.pv_va + UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
435 * We must now clean the cache again....
436 * Cleaning may be done by reading new data to displace any
437 * dirty data in the cache. This will have happened in setttb()
438 * but since we are boot strapping the addresses used for the read
439 * may have just been remapped and thus the cache could be out
440 * of sync. A re-clean after the switch will cure this.
441 * After booting there are no gross reloations of the kernel thus
442 * this problem will not occur after initarm().
444 cpu_idcache_wbinv_all();
446 /* Set stack for exception handlers */
448 data_abort_handler_address = (u_int)data_abort_handler;
449 prefetch_abort_handler_address = (u_int)prefetch_abort_handler;
450 undefined_handler_address = (u_int)undefinedinstruction_bounce;
453 proc_linkup(&proc0, &thread0);
454 thread0.td_kstack = kernelstack.pv_va;
455 thread0.td_pcb = (struct pcb *)
456 (thread0.td_kstack + KSTACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE) - 1;
457 thread0.td_pcb->pcb_flags = 0;
458 thread0.td_frame = &proc0_tf;
459 pcpup->pc_curpcb = thread0.td_pcb;
461 arm_vector_init(ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, ARM_VEC_ALL);
463 pmap_curmaxkvaddr = afterkern + 0x100000 * (KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM - 1);
465 * ARM_USE_SMALL_ALLOC uses dump_avail, so it must be filled before
466 * calling pmap_bootstrap.
468 dump_avail[0] = KERNPHYSADDR;
469 dump_avail[1] = KERNPHYSADDR + memsize;
473 pmap_bootstrap(freemempos,
474 KERNVIRTADDR + 3 * memsize,
476 msgbufp = (void*)msgbufpv.pv_va;
477 msgbufinit(msgbufp, MSGBUF_SIZE);
482 phys_avail[0] = virtual_avail - KERNVIRTADDR + KERNPHYSADDR;
483 phys_avail[1] = KERNPHYSADDR + memsize;
486 /* Do basic tuning, hz etc */
488 init_param2(physmem);
490 return ((void *)(kernelstack.pv_va + USPACE_SVC_STACK_TOP -
491 sizeof(struct pcb)));