2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
4 * Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Stanislav Sedov <stas@FreeBSD.org>
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
36 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
37 #include <sys/ioccom.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/module.h>
40 #include <sys/mutex.h>
43 #include <sys/queue.h>
44 #include <sys/sched.h>
45 #include <sys/kernel.h>
46 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/pmckern.h>
51 #include <sys/cpuctl.h>
53 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
54 #include <machine/md_var.h>
55 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
56 #include <x86/ucode.h>
58 static d_open_t cpuctl_open;
59 static d_ioctl_t cpuctl_ioctl;
61 #define CPUCTL_VERSION 1
64 # define DPRINTF(format,...) printf(format, __VA_ARGS__);
69 #define UCODE_SIZE_MAX (4 * 1024 * 1024)
71 static int cpuctl_do_msr(int cpu, cpuctl_msr_args_t *data, u_long cmd,
73 static int cpuctl_do_cpuid(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *data,
75 static int cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *data,
77 static int cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(int cpu, struct thread *td);
78 static int cpuctl_do_update(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *data,
80 static int update_intel(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args,
82 static int update_amd(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td);
83 static int update_via(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args,
86 static struct cdev **cpuctl_devs;
87 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_CPUCTL, "cpuctl", "CPUCTL buffer");
89 static struct cdevsw cpuctl_cdevsw = {
90 .d_version = D_VERSION,
91 .d_open = cpuctl_open,
92 .d_ioctl = cpuctl_ioctl,
97 * This function checks if specified cpu enabled or not.
103 return (pmc_cpu_is_disabled(cpu) == 0);
107 * Check if the current thread is bound to a specific cpu.
110 cpu_sched_is_bound(struct thread *td)
115 ret = sched_is_bound(td);
121 * Switch to target cpu to run.
124 set_cpu(int cpu, struct thread *td)
127 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid && cpu_enabled(cpu),
128 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
132 KASSERT(td->td_oncpu == cpu,
133 ("[cpuctl,%d]: cannot bind to target cpu %d on cpu %d", __LINE__,
138 restore_cpu(int oldcpu, int is_bound, struct thread *td)
141 KASSERT(oldcpu >= 0 && oldcpu <= mp_maxid && cpu_enabled(oldcpu),
142 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, oldcpu));
147 sched_bind(td, oldcpu);
152 cpuctl_ioctl(struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t data,
153 int flags, struct thread *td)
158 if (cpu > mp_maxid || !cpu_enabled(cpu)) {
159 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d\n", __LINE__, cpu);
162 /* Require write flag for "write" requests. */
163 if ((cmd == CPUCTL_MSRCBIT || cmd == CPUCTL_MSRSBIT ||
164 cmd == CPUCTL_UPDATE || cmd == CPUCTL_WRMSR ||
165 cmd == CPUCTL_EVAL_CPU_FEATURES) &&
166 (flags & FWRITE) == 0)
170 ret = cpuctl_do_msr(cpu, (cpuctl_msr_args_t *)data, cmd, td);
175 ret = priv_check(td, PRIV_CPUCTL_WRMSR);
178 ret = cpuctl_do_msr(cpu, (cpuctl_msr_args_t *)data, cmd, td);
181 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid(cpu, (cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *)data, td);
184 ret = priv_check(td, PRIV_CPUCTL_UPDATE);
187 ret = cpuctl_do_update(cpu, (cpuctl_update_args_t *)data, td);
189 case CPUCTL_CPUID_COUNT:
190 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(cpu,
191 (cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *)data, td);
193 case CPUCTL_EVAL_CPU_FEATURES:
194 ret = cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(cpu, td);
205 * Actually perform cpuid operation.
208 cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t *data,
214 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid,
215 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
217 /* Explicitly clear cpuid data to avoid returning stale info. */
218 bzero(data->data, sizeof(data->data));
219 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: retrieving cpuid lev %#0x type %#0x for %d cpu\n",
220 __LINE__, data->level, data->level_type, cpu);
225 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu;
226 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td);
228 cpuid_count(data->level, data->level_type, data->data);
229 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td);
234 cpuctl_do_cpuid(int cpu, cpuctl_cpuid_args_t *data, struct thread *td)
236 cpuctl_cpuid_count_args_t cdata;
239 cdata.level = data->level;
240 /* Override the level type. */
241 cdata.level_type = 0;
242 error = cpuctl_do_cpuid_count(cpu, &cdata, td);
243 bcopy(cdata.data, data->data, sizeof(data->data)); /* Ignore error */
248 * Actually perform MSR operations.
251 cpuctl_do_msr(int cpu, cpuctl_msr_args_t *data, u_long cmd, struct thread *td)
258 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid,
259 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
262 * Explicitly clear cpuid data to avoid returning stale
265 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: operating on MSR %#0x for %d cpu\n", __LINE__,
268 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_MSR) == 0)
271 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu;
272 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td);
274 if (cmd == CPUCTL_RDMSR) {
276 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, &data->data);
277 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_WRMSR) {
278 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, data->data);
279 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_MSRSBIT) {
281 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, ®);
283 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, reg | data->data);
285 } else if (cmd == CPUCTL_MSRCBIT) {
287 ret = rdmsr_safe(data->msr, ®);
289 ret = wrmsr_safe(data->msr, reg & ~data->data);
292 panic("[cpuctl,%d]: unknown operation requested: %lu",
294 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td);
299 * Actually perform microcode update.
302 cpuctl_do_update(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *data, struct thread *td)
304 cpuctl_cpuid_args_t args = {
310 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid,
311 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
312 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: XXX %d", __LINE__, cpu);
314 ret = cpuctl_do_cpuid(cpu, &args, td);
317 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[0] = args.data[1];
318 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[1] = args.data[3];
319 ((uint32_t *)vendor)[2] = args.data[2];
321 if (strncmp(vendor, INTEL_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(INTEL_VENDOR_ID)) == 0)
322 ret = update_intel(cpu, data, td);
323 else if(strncmp(vendor, AMD_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(AMD_VENDOR_ID)) == 0)
324 ret = update_amd(cpu, data, td);
325 else if(strncmp(vendor, CENTAUR_VENDOR_ID, sizeof(CENTAUR_VENDOR_ID))
327 ret = update_via(cpu, data, td);
334 update_intel(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td)
337 int is_bound, oldcpu, ret;
339 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) {
340 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__);
343 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) {
344 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__);
349 * 16 byte alignment required. Rely on the fact that
350 * malloc(9) always returns the pointer aligned at least on
351 * the size of the allocation.
353 ptr = malloc(args->size + 16, M_CPUCTL, M_WAITOK);
354 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) {
355 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed",
356 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size);
360 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu;
361 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td);
365 ret = ucode_intel_load(ptr, true, NULL, NULL);
368 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td);
371 * Replace any existing update. This ensures that the new update
372 * will be reloaded automatically during ACPI resume.
375 ptr = ucode_update(ptr);
383 * NB: MSR 0xc0010020, MSR_K8_UCODE_UPDATE, is not documented by AMD.
384 * Coreboot, illumos and Linux source code was used to understand
388 amd_ucode_wrmsr(void *ucode_ptr)
392 wrmsr_safe(MSR_K8_UCODE_UPDATE, (uintptr_t)ucode_ptr);
397 update_amd(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td)
402 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) {
403 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__);
406 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) {
407 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__);
412 * 16 byte alignment required. Rely on the fact that
413 * malloc(9) always returns the pointer aligned at least on
414 * the size of the allocation.
416 ptr = malloc(args->size + 16, M_CPUCTL, M_ZERO | M_WAITOK);
417 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) {
418 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed",
419 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size);
423 smp_rendezvous(NULL, amd_ucode_wrmsr, NULL, ptr);
431 update_via(int cpu, cpuctl_update_args_t *args, struct thread *td)
434 uint64_t rev0, rev1, res;
440 if (args->size == 0 || args->data == NULL) {
441 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: zero-sized firmware image", __LINE__);
444 if (args->size > UCODE_SIZE_MAX) {
445 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: firmware image too large", __LINE__);
450 * 4 byte alignment required.
452 ptr = malloc(args->size, M_CPUCTL, M_WAITOK);
453 if (copyin(args->data, ptr, args->size) != 0) {
454 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: copyin %p->%p of %zd bytes failed",
455 __LINE__, args->data, ptr, args->size);
459 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu;
460 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td);
463 rdmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_SIGN, &rev0); /* Get current microcode revision. */
468 wrmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_UPDT_TRIG, (uintptr_t)(ptr));
472 * Result are in low byte of MSR FCR5:
473 * 0x00: No update has been attempted since RESET.
474 * 0x01: The last attempted update was successful.
475 * 0x02: The last attempted update was unsuccessful due to a bad
476 * environment. No update was loaded and any preexisting
477 * patches are still active.
478 * 0x03: The last attempted update was not applicable to this processor.
479 * No update was loaded and any preexisting patches are still
481 * 0x04: The last attempted update was not successful due to an invalid
482 * update data block. No update was loaded and any preexisting
483 * patches are still active
485 rdmsr_safe(0x1205, &res);
488 rdmsr_safe(MSR_BIOS_SIGN, &rev1); /* Get new microcode revision. */
489 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td);
491 DPRINTF("[cpu,%d]: rev0=%x rev1=%x res=%x\n", __LINE__,
492 (unsigned)(rev0 >> 32), (unsigned)(rev1 >> 32), (unsigned)res);
504 cpuctl_do_eval_cpu_features(int cpu, struct thread *td)
509 KASSERT(cpu >= 0 && cpu <= mp_maxid,
510 ("[cpuctl,%d]: bad cpu number %d", __LINE__, cpu));
516 oldcpu = td->td_oncpu;
517 is_bound = cpu_sched_is_bound(td);
521 hw_ibrs_recalculate();
522 restore_cpu(oldcpu, is_bound, td);
523 hw_ssb_recalculate(true);
530 cpuctl_open(struct cdev *dev, int flags, int fmt __unused, struct thread *td)
536 if (cpu > mp_maxid || !cpu_enabled(cpu)) {
537 DPRINTF("[cpuctl,%d]: incorrect cpu number %d\n", __LINE__,
542 ret = securelevel_gt(td->td_ucred, 0);
547 cpuctl_modevent(module_t mod __unused, int type, void *data __unused)
554 printf("cpuctl: access to MSR registers/cpuid info.\n");
555 cpuctl_devs = malloc(sizeof(*cpuctl_devs) * (mp_maxid + 1), M_CPUCTL,
558 if (cpu_enabled(cpu))
559 cpuctl_devs[cpu] = make_dev(&cpuctl_cdevsw, cpu,
560 UID_ROOT, GID_KMEM, 0640, "cpuctl%d", cpu);
564 if (cpuctl_devs[cpu] != NULL)
565 destroy_dev(cpuctl_devs[cpu]);
567 free(cpuctl_devs, M_CPUCTL);
577 DEV_MODULE(cpuctl, cpuctl_modevent, NULL);
578 MODULE_VERSION(cpuctl, CPUCTL_VERSION);