2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
6 * Copyright (c) 1994 John S. Dyson
8 * Copyright (c) 1994 David Greenman
10 * Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
11 * All rights reserved.
13 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
14 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
15 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
17 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
20 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
21 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
22 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
23 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
24 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
25 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
26 * must display the following acknowledgement:
27 * This product includes software developed by the University of
28 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
29 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
30 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
31 * without specific prior written permission.
33 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
34 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
35 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
36 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
37 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
38 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
39 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
40 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
41 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
42 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
45 * from: @(#)pmap.c 7.7 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
48 * Copyright (c) 2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
49 * All rights reserved.
50 * Copyright (c) 2018 The FreeBSD Foundation
51 * All rights reserved.
53 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Jake Burkholder,
54 * Safeport Network Services, and Network Associates Laboratories, the
55 * Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under
56 * DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA
57 * CHATS research program.
59 * Portions of this software were developed by
60 * Konstantin Belousov <kib@FreeBSD.org> under sponsorship from
61 * the FreeBSD Foundation.
63 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
64 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
66 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
67 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
68 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
69 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
70 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
72 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
73 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
74 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
75 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
76 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
77 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
78 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
79 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
80 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
81 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
85 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
86 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
89 * Manages physical address maps.
91 * Since the information managed by this module is
92 * also stored by the logical address mapping module,
93 * this module may throw away valid virtual-to-physical
94 * mappings at almost any time. However, invalidations
95 * of virtual-to-physical mappings must be done as
98 * In order to cope with hardware architectures which
99 * make virtual-to-physical map invalidates expensive,
100 * this module may delay invalidate or reduced protection
101 * operations until such time as they are actually
102 * necessary. This module is given full information as
103 * to which processors are currently using which maps,
104 * and to when physical maps must be made correct.
107 #include "opt_apic.h"
109 #include "opt_pmap.h"
113 #include <sys/param.h>
114 #include <sys/systm.h>
115 #include <sys/kernel.h>
117 #include <sys/lock.h>
118 #include <sys/malloc.h>
119 #include <sys/mman.h>
120 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
121 #include <sys/mutex.h>
122 #include <sys/proc.h>
123 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
124 #include <sys/sf_buf.h>
126 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
127 #include <sys/sched.h>
128 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
130 #include <sys/vmem.h>
133 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
134 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
135 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
136 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
137 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
138 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
139 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
140 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
141 #include <vm/vm_phys.h>
142 #include <vm/vm_radix.h>
143 #include <vm/vm_reserv.h>
148 #include <machine/intr_machdep.h>
149 #include <x86/apicvar.h>
151 #include <x86/ifunc.h>
152 #include <machine/bootinfo.h>
153 #include <machine/cpu.h>
154 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
155 #include <machine/md_var.h>
156 #include <machine/pcb.h>
157 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
159 #include <machine/smp.h>
162 #ifndef PMAP_SHPGPERPROC
163 #define PMAP_SHPGPERPROC 200
166 #if !defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
167 #ifdef __GNUC_GNU_INLINE__
168 #define PMAP_INLINE __attribute__((__gnu_inline__)) inline
170 #define PMAP_INLINE extern inline
177 #define PV_STAT(x) do { x ; } while (0)
179 #define PV_STAT(x) do { } while (0)
182 #define pa_index(pa) ((pa) >> PDRSHIFT)
183 #define pa_to_pvh(pa) (&pv_table[pa_index(pa)])
186 * Get PDEs and PTEs for user/kernel address space
188 #define pmap_pde(m, v) (&((m)->pm_pdir[(vm_offset_t)(v) >> PDRSHIFT]))
189 #define pdir_pde(m, v) (m[(vm_offset_t)(v) >> PDRSHIFT])
191 #define pmap_pde_v(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_V) != 0)
192 #define pmap_pte_w(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_W) != 0)
193 #define pmap_pte_m(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_M) != 0)
194 #define pmap_pte_u(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_A) != 0)
195 #define pmap_pte_v(pte) ((*(int *)pte & PG_V) != 0)
197 #define pmap_pte_set_w(pte, v) ((v) ? atomic_set_int((u_int *)(pte), PG_W) : \
198 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)(pte), PG_W))
199 #define pmap_pte_set_prot(pte, v) ((*(int *)pte &= ~PG_PROT), (*(int *)pte |= (v)))
201 struct pmap kernel_pmap_store;
203 vm_offset_t virtual_avail; /* VA of first avail page (after kernel bss) */
204 vm_offset_t virtual_end; /* VA of last avail page (end of kernel AS) */
205 static int pgeflag = 0; /* PG_G or-in */
206 static int pseflag = 0; /* PG_PS or-in */
208 static int nkpt = NKPT;
209 vm_offset_t kernel_vm_end = /* 0 + */ NKPT * NBPDR;
211 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
213 static uma_zone_t pdptzone;
216 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, pmap, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "VM/pmap parameters");
218 static int pat_works = 1;
219 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pat_works, CTLFLAG_RD, &pat_works, 1,
220 "Is page attribute table fully functional?");
222 static int pg_ps_enabled = 1;
223 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pg_ps_enabled, CTLFLAG_RDTUN | CTLFLAG_NOFETCH,
224 &pg_ps_enabled, 0, "Are large page mappings enabled?");
226 #define PAT_INDEX_SIZE 8
227 static int pat_index[PAT_INDEX_SIZE]; /* cache mode to PAT index conversion */
230 * pmap_mapdev support pre initialization (i.e. console)
232 #define PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT 8
233 static struct pmap_preinit_mapping {
238 } pmap_preinit_mapping[PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT];
239 static int pmap_initialized;
241 static struct rwlock_padalign pvh_global_lock;
244 * Data for the pv entry allocation mechanism
246 static TAILQ_HEAD(pch, pv_chunk) pv_chunks = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pv_chunks);
247 static int pv_entry_count = 0, pv_entry_max = 0, pv_entry_high_water = 0;
248 static struct md_page *pv_table;
249 static int shpgperproc = PMAP_SHPGPERPROC;
251 struct pv_chunk *pv_chunkbase; /* KVA block for pv_chunks */
252 int pv_maxchunks; /* How many chunks we have KVA for */
253 vm_offset_t pv_vafree; /* freelist stored in the PTE */
256 * All those kernel PT submaps that BSD is so fond of
259 static pd_entry_t *KPTD;
266 static caddr_t crashdumpmap;
268 static pt_entry_t *PMAP1 = NULL, *PMAP2, *PMAP3;
269 static pt_entry_t *PADDR1 = NULL, *PADDR2, *PADDR3;
271 static int PMAP1cpu, PMAP3cpu;
272 static int PMAP1changedcpu;
273 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1changedcpu, CTLFLAG_RD,
275 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick changed CPU with same PMAP1");
277 static int PMAP1changed;
278 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1changed, CTLFLAG_RD,
280 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick changed PMAP1");
281 static int PMAP1unchanged;
282 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, PMAP1unchanged, CTLFLAG_RD,
284 "Number of times pmap_pte_quick didn't change PMAP1");
285 static struct mtx PMAP2mutex;
290 * Internal flags for pmap_enter()'s helper functions.
292 #define PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM 0x1000000 /* Don't reclaim PV entries. */
293 #define PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE 0x2000000 /* Don't replace mappings. */
295 static void free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc);
296 static void free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv);
297 static pv_entry_t get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, boolean_t try);
298 static void pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
299 static bool pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t pde,
301 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
302 static void pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
304 static void pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
305 static pv_entry_t pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap,
307 static int pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(struct md_page *pvh, int count);
309 static boolean_t pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
310 static bool pmap_enter_4mpage(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
312 static int pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde,
313 u_int flags, vm_page_t m);
314 static vm_page_t pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
315 vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte);
316 static void pmap_flush_page(vm_page_t m);
317 static int pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte);
318 static void pmap_invalidate_cache_range_selfsnoop(vm_offset_t sva,
320 static void pmap_invalidate_cache_range_all(vm_offset_t sva,
322 static void pmap_invalidate_pde_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
324 static void pmap_fill_ptp(pt_entry_t *firstpte, pt_entry_t newpte);
325 static boolean_t pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh);
326 static boolean_t pmap_is_referenced_pvh(struct md_page *pvh);
327 static void pmap_kenter_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa, int mode);
328 static void pmap_kenter_pde(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde);
329 static void pmap_pde_attr(pd_entry_t *pde, int cache_bits);
330 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
331 static void pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va);
333 static boolean_t pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva,
335 static void pmap_pte_attr(pt_entry_t *pte, int cache_bits);
336 static void pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
337 struct spglist *free);
338 static int pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq, vm_offset_t sva,
339 struct spglist *free);
340 static vm_page_t pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
341 static void pmap_remove_page(struct pmap *pmap, vm_offset_t va,
342 struct spglist *free);
343 static bool pmap_remove_ptes(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva,
344 struct spglist *free);
345 static void pmap_remove_entry(struct pmap *pmap, vm_page_t m,
347 static void pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m);
348 static boolean_t pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
350 static void pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde,
352 static void pmap_update_pde_invalidate(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde);
354 static vm_page_t pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, u_int flags);
356 static vm_page_t _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, u_int ptepindex, u_int flags);
357 static void _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free);
358 static pt_entry_t *pmap_pte_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
359 static void pmap_pte_release(pt_entry_t *pte);
360 static int pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, struct spglist *);
361 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
362 static void *pmap_pdpt_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, vm_size_t bytes, int domain,
363 uint8_t *flags, int wait);
365 static void pmap_init_trm(void);
367 static __inline void pagezero(void *page);
369 CTASSERT(1 << PDESHIFT == sizeof(pd_entry_t));
370 CTASSERT(1 << PTESHIFT == sizeof(pt_entry_t));
372 void pmap_cold(void);
374 u_long physfree; /* phys addr of next free page */
375 u_long vm86phystk; /* PA of vm86/bios stack */
376 u_long vm86paddr; /* address of vm86 region */
377 int vm86pa; /* phys addr of vm86 region */
378 u_long KERNend; /* phys addr end of kernel (just after bss) */
379 pd_entry_t *IdlePTD; /* phys addr of kernel PTD */
380 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
381 pdpt_entry_t *IdlePDPT; /* phys addr of kernel PDPT */
383 pt_entry_t *KPTmap; /* address of kernel page tables */
384 u_long KPTphys; /* phys addr of kernel page tables */
385 extern u_long tramp_idleptd;
388 allocpages(u_int cnt, u_long *physfree)
393 *physfree += PAGE_SIZE * cnt;
394 bzero((void *)res, PAGE_SIZE * cnt);
399 pmap_cold_map(u_long pa, u_long va, u_long cnt)
403 for (pt = (pt_entry_t *)KPTphys + atop(va); cnt > 0;
404 cnt--, pt++, va += PAGE_SIZE, pa += PAGE_SIZE)
405 *pt = pa | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M;
409 pmap_cold_mapident(u_long pa, u_long cnt)
412 pmap_cold_map(pa, pa, cnt);
415 _Static_assert(2 * NBPDR == KERNBASE, "Broken double-map of zero PTD");
418 * Called from locore.s before paging is enabled. Sets up the first
419 * kernel page table. Since kernel is mapped with PA == VA, this code
420 * does not require relocations.
429 physfree = (u_long)&_end;
430 if (bootinfo.bi_esymtab != 0)
431 physfree = bootinfo.bi_esymtab;
432 if (bootinfo.bi_kernend != 0)
433 physfree = bootinfo.bi_kernend;
434 physfree = roundup2(physfree, NBPDR);
437 /* Allocate Kernel Page Tables */
438 KPTphys = allocpages(NKPT, &physfree);
439 KPTmap = (pt_entry_t *)KPTphys;
441 /* Allocate Page Table Directory */
442 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
443 /* XXX only need 32 bytes (easier for now) */
444 IdlePDPT = (pdpt_entry_t *)allocpages(1, &physfree);
446 IdlePTD = (pd_entry_t *)allocpages(NPGPTD, &physfree);
449 * Allocate KSTACK. Leave a guard page between IdlePTD and
450 * proc0kstack, to control stack overflow for thread0 and
451 * prevent corruption of the page table. We leak the guard
452 * physical memory due to 1:1 mappings.
454 allocpages(1, &physfree);
455 proc0kstack = allocpages(TD0_KSTACK_PAGES, &physfree);
457 /* vm86/bios stack */
458 vm86phystk = allocpages(1, &physfree);
460 /* pgtable + ext + IOPAGES */
461 vm86paddr = vm86pa = allocpages(3, &physfree);
463 /* Install page tables into PTD. Page table page 1 is wasted. */
464 for (a = 0; a < NKPT; a++)
465 IdlePTD[a] = (KPTphys + ptoa(a)) | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M;
467 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
468 /* PAE install PTD pointers into PDPT */
469 for (a = 0; a < NPGPTD; a++)
470 IdlePDPT[a] = ((u_int)IdlePTD + ptoa(a)) | PG_V;
474 * Install recursive mapping for kernel page tables into
477 for (a = 0; a < NPGPTD; a++)
478 IdlePTD[PTDPTDI + a] = ((u_int)IdlePTD + ptoa(a)) | PG_V |
482 * Initialize page table pages mapping physical address zero
483 * through the (physical) end of the kernel. Many of these
484 * pages must be reserved, and we reserve them all and map
485 * them linearly for convenience. We do this even if we've
486 * enabled PSE above; we'll just switch the corresponding
487 * kernel PDEs before we turn on paging.
489 * This and all other page table entries allow read and write
490 * access for various reasons. Kernel mappings never have any
491 * access restrictions.
493 pmap_cold_mapident(0, atop(NBPDR));
494 pmap_cold_map(0, NBPDR, atop(NBPDR));
495 pmap_cold_mapident(KERNBASE, atop(KERNend - KERNBASE));
497 /* Map page table directory */
498 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
499 pmap_cold_mapident((u_long)IdlePDPT, 1);
501 pmap_cold_mapident((u_long)IdlePTD, NPGPTD);
503 /* Map early KPTmap. It is really pmap_cold_mapident. */
504 pmap_cold_map(KPTphys, (u_long)KPTmap, NKPT);
506 /* Map proc0kstack */
507 pmap_cold_mapident(proc0kstack, TD0_KSTACK_PAGES);
508 /* ISA hole already mapped */
510 pmap_cold_mapident(vm86phystk, 1);
511 pmap_cold_mapident(vm86pa, 3);
513 /* Map page 0 into the vm86 page table */
514 *(pt_entry_t *)vm86pa = 0 | PG_RW | PG_U | PG_A | PG_M | PG_V;
516 /* ...likewise for the ISA hole for vm86 */
517 for (pt = (pt_entry_t *)vm86pa + atop(ISA_HOLE_START), a = 0;
518 a < atop(ISA_HOLE_LENGTH); a++, pt++)
519 *pt = (ISA_HOLE_START + ptoa(a)) | PG_RW | PG_U | PG_A |
522 /* Enable PSE, PGE, VME, and PAE if configured. */
524 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_PSE) != 0) {
528 * Superpage mapping of the kernel text. Existing 4k
529 * page table pages are wasted.
531 for (a = KERNBASE; a < KERNend; a += NBPDR)
532 IdlePTD[a >> PDRSHIFT] = a | PG_PS | PG_A | PG_M |
535 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_PGE) != 0) {
539 ncr4 |= (cpu_feature & CPUID_VME) != 0 ? CR4_VME : 0;
540 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
544 load_cr4(rcr4() | ncr4);
546 /* Now enable paging */
547 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
548 cr3 = (u_int)IdlePDPT;
550 cr3 = (u_int)IdlePTD;
554 load_cr0(rcr0() | CR0_PG);
557 * Now running relocated at KERNBASE where the system is
562 * Remove the lowest part of the double mapping of low memory
563 * to get some null pointer checks.
566 load_cr3(cr3); /* invalidate TLB */
570 * Bootstrap the system enough to run with virtual memory.
572 * On the i386 this is called after mapping has already been enabled
573 * in locore.s with the page table created in pmap_cold(),
574 * and just syncs the pmap module with what has already been done.
577 pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t firstaddr)
580 pt_entry_t *pte, *unused;
585 res = atop(firstaddr - (vm_paddr_t)KERNLOAD);
588 * Add a physical memory segment (vm_phys_seg) corresponding to the
589 * preallocated kernel page table pages so that vm_page structures
590 * representing these pages will be created. The vm_page structures
591 * are required for promotion of the corresponding kernel virtual
592 * addresses to superpage mappings.
594 vm_phys_add_seg(KPTphys, KPTphys + ptoa(nkpt));
597 * Initialize the first available kernel virtual address. However,
598 * using "firstaddr" may waste a few pages of the kernel virtual
599 * address space, because locore may not have mapped every physical
600 * page that it allocated. Preferably, locore would provide a first
601 * unused virtual address in addition to "firstaddr".
603 virtual_avail = (vm_offset_t)firstaddr;
604 virtual_end = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
607 * Initialize the kernel pmap (which is statically allocated).
608 * Count bootstrap data as being resident in case any of this data is
609 * later unmapped (using pmap_remove()) and freed.
611 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(kernel_pmap);
612 kernel_pmap->pm_pdir = IdlePTD;
613 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
614 kernel_pmap->pm_pdpt = IdlePDPT;
616 CPU_FILL(&kernel_pmap->pm_active); /* don't allow deactivation */
617 kernel_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count = res;
618 TAILQ_INIT(&kernel_pmap->pm_pvchunk);
621 * Initialize the global pv list lock.
623 rw_init(&pvh_global_lock, "pmap pv global");
626 * Reserve some special page table entries/VA space for temporary
629 #define SYSMAP(c, p, v, n) \
630 v = (c)va; va += ((n)*PAGE_SIZE); p = pte; pte += (n);
637 * Initialize temporary map objects on the current CPU for use
639 * CMAP1/CMAP2 are used for zeroing and copying pages.
640 * CMAP3 is used for the boot-time memory test.
643 mtx_init(&pc->pc_cmap_lock, "SYSMAPS", NULL, MTX_DEF);
644 SYSMAP(caddr_t, pc->pc_cmap_pte1, pc->pc_cmap_addr1, 1)
645 SYSMAP(caddr_t, pc->pc_cmap_pte2, pc->pc_cmap_addr2, 1)
646 SYSMAP(vm_offset_t, pte, pc->pc_qmap_addr, 1)
648 SYSMAP(caddr_t, CMAP3, CADDR3, 1);
653 SYSMAP(caddr_t, unused, crashdumpmap, MAXDUMPPGS)
656 * ptvmmap is used for reading arbitrary physical pages via /dev/mem.
658 SYSMAP(caddr_t, unused, ptvmmap, 1)
661 * msgbufp is used to map the system message buffer.
663 SYSMAP(struct msgbuf *, unused, msgbufp, atop(round_page(msgbufsize)))
666 * KPTmap is used by pmap_kextract().
668 * KPTmap is first initialized by locore. However, that initial
669 * KPTmap can only support NKPT page table pages. Here, a larger
670 * KPTmap is created that can support KVA_PAGES page table pages.
672 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, KPTD, KPTmap, KVA_PAGES)
674 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++)
675 KPTD[i] = (KPTphys + ptoa(i)) | PG_RW | PG_V;
678 * PADDR1 and PADDR2 are used by pmap_pte_quick() and pmap_pte(),
681 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, PMAP1, PADDR1, 1)
682 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, PMAP2, PADDR2, 1)
683 SYSMAP(pt_entry_t *, PMAP3, PADDR3, 1)
685 mtx_init(&PMAP2mutex, "PMAP2", NULL, MTX_DEF);
690 * Initialize the PAT MSR if present.
691 * pmap_init_pat() clears and sets CR4_PGE, which, as a
692 * side-effect, invalidates stale PG_G TLB entries that might
693 * have been created in our pre-boot environment. We assume
694 * that PAT support implies PGE and in reverse, PGE presence
695 * comes with PAT. Both features were added for Pentium Pro.
701 pmap_init_reserved_pages(void)
709 mtx_init(&pc->pc_copyout_mlock, "cpmlk", NULL, MTX_DEF |
711 pc->pc_copyout_maddr = kva_alloc(ptoa(2));
712 if (pc->pc_copyout_maddr == 0)
713 panic("unable to allocate non-sleepable copyout KVA");
714 sx_init(&pc->pc_copyout_slock, "cpslk");
715 pc->pc_copyout_saddr = kva_alloc(ptoa(2));
716 if (pc->pc_copyout_saddr == 0)
717 panic("unable to allocate sleepable copyout KVA");
718 pc->pc_pmap_eh_va = kva_alloc(ptoa(1));
719 if (pc->pc_pmap_eh_va == 0)
720 panic("unable to allocate pmap_extract_and_hold KVA");
721 pc->pc_pmap_eh_ptep = (char *)vtopte(pc->pc_pmap_eh_va);
724 * Skip if the mappings have already been initialized,
725 * i.e. this is the BSP.
727 if (pc->pc_cmap_addr1 != 0)
730 mtx_init(&pc->pc_cmap_lock, "SYSMAPS", NULL, MTX_DEF);
731 pages = kva_alloc(PAGE_SIZE * 3);
733 panic("unable to allocate CMAP KVA");
734 pc->pc_cmap_pte1 = vtopte(pages);
735 pc->pc_cmap_pte2 = vtopte(pages + PAGE_SIZE);
736 pc->pc_cmap_addr1 = (caddr_t)pages;
737 pc->pc_cmap_addr2 = (caddr_t)(pages + PAGE_SIZE);
738 pc->pc_qmap_addr = pages + atop(2);
742 SYSINIT(rpages_init, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_ANY, pmap_init_reserved_pages, NULL);
750 int pat_table[PAT_INDEX_SIZE];
755 /* Set default PAT index table. */
756 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
758 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_BACK] = 0;
759 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_THROUGH] = 1;
760 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHEABLE] = 3;
761 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 3;
762 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED] = 3;
763 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHED] = 3;
766 * Bail if this CPU doesn't implement PAT.
767 * We assume that PAT support implies PGE.
769 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_PAT) == 0) {
770 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
771 pat_index[i] = pat_table[i];
777 * Due to some Intel errata, we can only safely use the lower 4
780 * Intel Pentium III Processor Specification Update
781 * Errata E.27 (Upper Four PAT Entries Not Usable With Mode B
784 * Intel Pentium IV Processor Specification Update
785 * Errata N46 (PAT Index MSB May Be Calculated Incorrectly)
787 if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL &&
788 !(CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 6 && CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0xe))
791 /* Initialize default PAT entries. */
792 pat_msr = PAT_VALUE(0, PAT_WRITE_BACK) |
793 PAT_VALUE(1, PAT_WRITE_THROUGH) |
794 PAT_VALUE(2, PAT_UNCACHED) |
795 PAT_VALUE(3, PAT_UNCACHEABLE) |
796 PAT_VALUE(4, PAT_WRITE_BACK) |
797 PAT_VALUE(5, PAT_WRITE_THROUGH) |
798 PAT_VALUE(6, PAT_UNCACHED) |
799 PAT_VALUE(7, PAT_UNCACHEABLE);
803 * Leave the indices 0-3 at the default of WB, WT, UC-, and UC.
804 * Program 5 and 6 as WP and WC.
805 * Leave 4 and 7 as WB and UC.
807 pat_msr &= ~(PAT_MASK(5) | PAT_MASK(6));
808 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(5, PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED) |
809 PAT_VALUE(6, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
810 pat_table[PAT_UNCACHED] = 2;
811 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_PROTECTED] = 5;
812 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 6;
815 * Just replace PAT Index 2 with WC instead of UC-.
817 pat_msr &= ~PAT_MASK(2);
818 pat_msr |= PAT_VALUE(2, PAT_WRITE_COMBINING);
819 pat_table[PAT_WRITE_COMBINING] = 2;
824 load_cr4(cr4 & ~CR4_PGE);
826 /* Disable caches (CD = 1, NW = 0). */
828 load_cr0((cr0 & ~CR0_NW) | CR0_CD);
830 /* Flushes caches and TLBs. */
834 /* Update PAT and index table. */
835 wrmsr(MSR_PAT, pat_msr);
836 for (i = 0; i < PAT_INDEX_SIZE; i++)
837 pat_index[i] = pat_table[i];
839 /* Flush caches and TLBs again. */
843 /* Restore caches and PGE. */
849 * Initialize a vm_page's machine-dependent fields.
852 pmap_page_init(vm_page_t m)
855 TAILQ_INIT(&m->md.pv_list);
856 m->md.pat_mode = PAT_WRITE_BACK;
859 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
861 pmap_pdpt_allocf(uma_zone_t zone, vm_size_t bytes, int domain, uint8_t *flags,
865 /* Inform UMA that this allocator uses kernel_map/object. */
866 *flags = UMA_SLAB_KERNEL;
867 return ((void *)kmem_alloc_contig_domain(domain, bytes, wait, 0x0ULL,
868 0xffffffffULL, 1, 0, VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT));
873 * Abuse the pte nodes for unmapped kva to thread a kva freelist through.
875 * - Must deal with pages in order to ensure that none of the PG_* bits
876 * are ever set, PG_V in particular.
877 * - Assumes we can write to ptes without pte_store() atomic ops, even
878 * on PAE systems. This should be ok.
879 * - Assumes nothing will ever test these addresses for 0 to indicate
880 * no mapping instead of correctly checking PG_V.
881 * - Assumes a vm_offset_t will fit in a pte (true for i386).
882 * Because PG_V is never set, there can be no mappings to invalidate.
885 pmap_ptelist_alloc(vm_offset_t *head)
892 panic("pmap_ptelist_alloc: exhausted ptelist KVA");
896 panic("pmap_ptelist_alloc: va with PG_V set!");
902 pmap_ptelist_free(vm_offset_t *head, vm_offset_t va)
907 panic("pmap_ptelist_free: freeing va with PG_V set!");
909 *pte = *head; /* virtual! PG_V is 0 though */
914 pmap_ptelist_init(vm_offset_t *head, void *base, int npages)
920 for (i = npages - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
921 va = (vm_offset_t)base + i * PAGE_SIZE;
922 pmap_ptelist_free(head, va);
928 * Initialize the pmap module.
929 * Called by vm_init, to initialize any structures that the pmap
930 * system needs to map virtual memory.
935 struct pmap_preinit_mapping *ppim;
941 * Initialize the vm page array entries for the kernel pmap's
944 PMAP_LOCK(kernel_pmap);
945 for (i = 0; i < NKPT; i++) {
946 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(KPTphys + ptoa(i));
947 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
948 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
949 ("pmap_init: page table page is out of range"));
950 mpte->pindex = i + KPTDI;
951 mpte->phys_addr = KPTphys + ptoa(i);
952 mpte->wire_count = 1;
954 KERNBASE <= i << PDRSHIFT && i << PDRSHIFT < KERNend &&
955 pmap_insert_pt_page(kernel_pmap, mpte))
956 panic("pmap_init: pmap_insert_pt_page failed");
958 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
962 * Initialize the address space (zone) for the pv entries. Set a
963 * high water mark so that the system can recover from excessive
964 * numbers of pv entries.
966 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.shpgperproc", &shpgperproc);
967 pv_entry_max = shpgperproc * maxproc + vm_cnt.v_page_count;
968 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pv_entries", &pv_entry_max);
969 pv_entry_max = roundup(pv_entry_max, _NPCPV);
970 pv_entry_high_water = 9 * (pv_entry_max / 10);
973 * If the kernel is running on a virtual machine, then it must assume
974 * that MCA is enabled by the hypervisor. Moreover, the kernel must
975 * be prepared for the hypervisor changing the vendor and family that
976 * are reported by CPUID. Consequently, the workaround for AMD Family
977 * 10h Erratum 383 is enabled if the processor's feature set does not
978 * include at least one feature that is only supported by older Intel
979 * or newer AMD processors.
981 if (vm_guest != VM_GUEST_NO && (cpu_feature & CPUID_SS) == 0 &&
982 (cpu_feature2 & (CPUID2_SSSE3 | CPUID2_SSE41 | CPUID2_AESNI |
983 CPUID2_AVX | CPUID2_XSAVE)) == 0 && (amd_feature2 & (AMDID2_XOP |
985 workaround_erratum383 = 1;
988 * Are large page mappings supported and enabled?
990 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("vm.pmap.pg_ps_enabled", &pg_ps_enabled);
993 else if (pg_ps_enabled) {
994 KASSERT(MAXPAGESIZES > 1 && pagesizes[1] == 0,
995 ("pmap_init: can't assign to pagesizes[1]"));
996 pagesizes[1] = NBPDR;
1000 * Calculate the size of the pv head table for superpages.
1001 * Handle the possibility that "vm_phys_segs[...].end" is zero.
1003 pv_npg = trunc_4mpage(vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs - 1].end -
1004 PAGE_SIZE) / NBPDR + 1;
1007 * Allocate memory for the pv head table for superpages.
1009 s = (vm_size_t)(pv_npg * sizeof(struct md_page));
1011 pv_table = (struct md_page *)kmem_malloc(s, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
1012 for (i = 0; i < pv_npg; i++)
1013 TAILQ_INIT(&pv_table[i].pv_list);
1015 pv_maxchunks = MAX(pv_entry_max / _NPCPV, maxproc);
1016 pv_chunkbase = (struct pv_chunk *)kva_alloc(PAGE_SIZE * pv_maxchunks);
1017 if (pv_chunkbase == NULL)
1018 panic("pmap_init: not enough kvm for pv chunks");
1019 pmap_ptelist_init(&pv_vafree, pv_chunkbase, pv_maxchunks);
1020 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
1021 pdptzone = uma_zcreate("PDPT", NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t), NULL,
1022 NULL, NULL, NULL, (NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t)) - 1,
1023 UMA_ZONE_VM | UMA_ZONE_NOFREE);
1024 uma_zone_set_allocf(pdptzone, pmap_pdpt_allocf);
1027 pmap_initialized = 1;
1032 for (i = 0; i < PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT; i++) {
1033 ppim = pmap_preinit_mapping + i;
1036 printf("PPIM %u: PA=%#jx, VA=%#x, size=%#x, mode=%#x\n", i,
1037 (uintmax_t)ppim->pa, ppim->va, ppim->sz, ppim->mode);
1043 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_max, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_max, 0,
1044 "Max number of PV entries");
1045 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, shpgperproc, CTLFLAG_RD, &shpgperproc, 0,
1046 "Page share factor per proc");
1048 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pde, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
1049 "2/4MB page mapping counters");
1051 static u_long pmap_pde_demotions;
1052 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, demotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
1053 &pmap_pde_demotions, 0, "2/4MB page demotions");
1055 static u_long pmap_pde_mappings;
1056 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, mappings, CTLFLAG_RD,
1057 &pmap_pde_mappings, 0, "2/4MB page mappings");
1059 static u_long pmap_pde_p_failures;
1060 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, p_failures, CTLFLAG_RD,
1061 &pmap_pde_p_failures, 0, "2/4MB page promotion failures");
1063 static u_long pmap_pde_promotions;
1064 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_pde, OID_AUTO, promotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
1065 &pmap_pde_promotions, 0, "2/4MB page promotions");
1067 /***************************************************
1068 * Low level helper routines.....
1069 ***************************************************/
1072 pmap_is_valid_memattr(pmap_t pmap __unused, vm_memattr_t mode)
1075 return (mode >= 0 && mode < PAT_INDEX_SIZE &&
1076 pat_index[(int)mode] >= 0);
1080 * Determine the appropriate bits to set in a PTE or PDE for a specified
1084 pmap_cache_bits(pmap_t pmap, int mode, boolean_t is_pde)
1086 int cache_bits, pat_flag, pat_idx;
1088 if (!pmap_is_valid_memattr(pmap, mode))
1089 panic("Unknown caching mode %d\n", mode);
1091 /* The PAT bit is different for PTE's and PDE's. */
1092 pat_flag = is_pde ? PG_PDE_PAT : PG_PTE_PAT;
1094 /* Map the caching mode to a PAT index. */
1095 pat_idx = pat_index[mode];
1097 /* Map the 3-bit index value into the PAT, PCD, and PWT bits. */
1100 cache_bits |= pat_flag;
1102 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PCD;
1104 cache_bits |= PG_NC_PWT;
1105 return (cache_bits);
1109 pmap_ps_enabled(pmap_t pmap __unused)
1112 return (pg_ps_enabled);
1116 * The caller is responsible for maintaining TLB consistency.
1119 pmap_kenter_pde(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde)
1123 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, va);
1124 pde_store(pde, newpde);
1128 * After changing the page size for the specified virtual address in the page
1129 * table, flush the corresponding entries from the processor's TLB. Only the
1130 * calling processor's TLB is affected.
1132 * The calling thread must be pinned to a processor.
1135 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde)
1138 if ((newpde & PG_PS) == 0)
1139 /* Demotion: flush a specific 2MB page mapping. */
1141 else /* if ((newpde & PG_G) == 0) */
1143 * Promotion: flush every 4KB page mapping from the TLB
1144 * because there are too many to flush individually.
1159 * For SMP, these functions have to use the IPI mechanism for coherence.
1161 * N.B.: Before calling any of the following TLB invalidation functions,
1162 * the calling processor must ensure that all stores updating a non-
1163 * kernel page table are globally performed. Otherwise, another
1164 * processor could cache an old, pre-update entry without being
1165 * invalidated. This can happen one of two ways: (1) The pmap becomes
1166 * active on another processor after its pm_active field is checked by
1167 * one of the following functions but before a store updating the page
1168 * table is globally performed. (2) The pmap becomes active on another
1169 * processor before its pm_active field is checked but due to
1170 * speculative loads one of the following functions stills reads the
1171 * pmap as inactive on the other processor.
1173 * The kernel page table is exempt because its pm_active field is
1174 * immutable. The kernel page table is always active on every
1178 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1180 cpuset_t *mask, other_cpus;
1184 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
1187 } else if (!CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
1190 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1191 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1192 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1193 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
1196 smp_masked_invlpg(*mask, va, pmap);
1200 /* 4k PTEs -- Chosen to exceed the total size of Broadwell L2 TLB */
1201 #define PMAP_INVLPG_THRESHOLD (4 * 1024 * PAGE_SIZE)
1204 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1206 cpuset_t *mask, other_cpus;
1210 if (eva - sva >= PMAP_INVLPG_THRESHOLD) {
1211 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
1216 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
1217 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
1220 } else if (!CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
1223 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1224 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1225 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1226 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
1229 smp_masked_invlpg_range(*mask, sva, eva, pmap);
1234 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
1236 cpuset_t *mask, other_cpus;
1240 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
1243 } else if (!CPU_CMP(&pmap->pm_active, &all_cpus)) {
1246 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1247 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1248 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1249 CPU_AND(&other_cpus, &pmap->pm_active);
1252 smp_masked_invltlb(*mask, pmap);
1257 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
1267 cpuset_t invalidate; /* processors that invalidate their TLB */
1271 u_int store; /* processor that updates the PDE */
1275 pmap_update_pde_kernel(void *arg)
1277 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1280 if (act->store == PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
1281 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, act->va);
1282 pde_store(pde, act->newpde);
1287 pmap_update_pde_user(void *arg)
1289 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1291 if (act->store == PCPU_GET(cpuid))
1292 pde_store(act->pde, act->newpde);
1296 pmap_update_pde_teardown(void *arg)
1298 struct pde_action *act = arg;
1300 if (CPU_ISSET(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &act->invalidate))
1301 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(act->va, act->newpde);
1305 * Change the page size for the specified virtual address in a way that
1306 * prevents any possibility of the TLB ever having two entries that map the
1307 * same virtual address using different page sizes. This is the recommended
1308 * workaround for Erratum 383 on AMD Family 10h processors. It prevents a
1309 * machine check exception for a TLB state that is improperly diagnosed as a
1313 pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde, pd_entry_t newpde)
1315 struct pde_action act;
1316 cpuset_t active, other_cpus;
1320 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1321 other_cpus = all_cpus;
1322 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &other_cpus);
1323 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1326 active = pmap->pm_active;
1327 if (CPU_OVERLAP(&active, &other_cpus)) {
1329 act.invalidate = active;
1332 act.newpde = newpde;
1333 CPU_SET(cpuid, &active);
1334 smp_rendezvous_cpus(active,
1335 smp_no_rendezvous_barrier, pmap == kernel_pmap ?
1336 pmap_update_pde_kernel : pmap_update_pde_user,
1337 pmap_update_pde_teardown, &act);
1339 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1340 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1342 pde_store(pde, newpde);
1343 if (CPU_ISSET(cpuid, &active))
1344 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(va, newpde);
1350 * Normal, non-SMP, 486+ invalidation functions.
1351 * We inline these within pmap.c for speed.
1354 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1357 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1362 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1366 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1367 for (addr = sva; addr < eva; addr += PAGE_SIZE)
1372 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
1375 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1380 pmap_invalidate_cache(void)
1387 pmap_update_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t *pde, pd_entry_t newpde)
1390 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
1391 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1393 pde_store(pde, newpde);
1394 if (pmap == kernel_pmap || !CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active))
1395 pmap_update_pde_invalidate(va, newpde);
1400 pmap_invalidate_pde_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t pde)
1404 * When the PDE has PG_PROMOTED set, the 2- or 4MB page mapping was
1405 * created by a promotion that did not invalidate the 512 or 1024 4KB
1406 * page mappings that might exist in the TLB. Consequently, at this
1407 * point, the TLB may hold both 4KB and 2- or 4MB page mappings for
1408 * the address range [va, va + NBPDR). Therefore, the entire range
1409 * must be invalidated here. In contrast, when PG_PROMOTED is clear,
1410 * the TLB will not hold any 4KB page mappings for the address range
1411 * [va, va + NBPDR), and so a single INVLPG suffices to invalidate the
1412 * 2- or 4MB page mapping from the TLB.
1414 if ((pde & PG_PROMOTED) != 0)
1415 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, va, va + NBPDR - 1);
1417 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
1420 DEFINE_IFUNC(, void, pmap_invalidate_cache_range, (vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t),
1424 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_SS) != 0)
1425 return (pmap_invalidate_cache_range_selfsnoop);
1426 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) != 0)
1427 return (pmap_force_invalidate_cache_range);
1428 return (pmap_invalidate_cache_range_all);
1431 #define PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD (2 * 1024 * 1024)
1434 pmap_invalidate_cache_range_check_align(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1437 KASSERT((sva & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
1438 ("pmap_invalidate_cache_range: sva not page-aligned"));
1439 KASSERT((eva & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
1440 ("pmap_invalidate_cache_range: eva not page-aligned"));
1444 pmap_invalidate_cache_range_selfsnoop(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1447 pmap_invalidate_cache_range_check_align(sva, eva);
1451 pmap_force_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1454 sva &= ~(vm_offset_t)(cpu_clflush_line_size - 1);
1455 if (eva - sva >= PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD) {
1457 * The supplied range is bigger than 2MB.
1458 * Globally invalidate cache.
1460 pmap_invalidate_cache();
1466 * XXX: Some CPUs fault, hang, or trash the local APIC
1467 * registers if we use CLFLUSH on the local APIC
1468 * range. The local APIC is always uncached, so we
1469 * don't need to flush for that range anyway.
1471 if (pmap_kextract(sva) == lapic_paddr)
1475 if ((cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_CLFLUSHOPT) != 0) {
1477 * Do per-cache line flush. Use the sfence
1478 * instruction to insure that previous stores are
1479 * included in the write-back. The processor
1480 * propagates flush to other processors in the cache
1484 for (; sva < eva; sva += cpu_clflush_line_size)
1489 * Writes are ordered by CLFLUSH on Intel CPUs.
1491 if (cpu_vendor_id != CPU_VENDOR_INTEL)
1493 for (; sva < eva; sva += cpu_clflush_line_size)
1495 if (cpu_vendor_id != CPU_VENDOR_INTEL)
1501 pmap_invalidate_cache_range_all(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
1504 pmap_invalidate_cache_range_check_align(sva, eva);
1505 pmap_invalidate_cache();
1509 pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count)
1513 if (count >= PMAP_CLFLUSH_THRESHOLD / PAGE_SIZE ||
1514 (cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) == 0) {
1515 pmap_invalidate_cache();
1517 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
1518 pmap_flush_page(pages[i]);
1523 * Are we current address space or kernel?
1526 pmap_is_current(pmap_t pmap)
1529 return (pmap == kernel_pmap);
1533 * If the given pmap is not the current or kernel pmap, the returned pte must
1534 * be released by passing it to pmap_pte_release().
1537 pmap_pte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1542 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1546 /* are we current address space or kernel? */
1547 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
1548 return (vtopte(va));
1549 mtx_lock(&PMAP2mutex);
1550 newpf = *pde & PG_FRAME;
1551 if ((*PMAP2 & PG_FRAME) != newpf) {
1552 *PMAP2 = newpf | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1553 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, (vm_offset_t)PADDR2);
1555 return (PADDR2 + (i386_btop(va) & (NPTEPG - 1)));
1561 * Releases a pte that was obtained from pmap_pte(). Be prepared for the pte
1564 static __inline void
1565 pmap_pte_release(pt_entry_t *pte)
1568 if ((pt_entry_t *)((vm_offset_t)pte & ~PAGE_MASK) == PADDR2)
1569 mtx_unlock(&PMAP2mutex);
1573 * NB: The sequence of updating a page table followed by accesses to the
1574 * corresponding pages is subject to the situation described in the "AMD64
1575 * Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 2: System Programming" rev. 3.23,
1576 * "7.3.1 Special Coherency Considerations". Therefore, issuing the INVLPG
1577 * right after modifying the PTE bits is crucial.
1579 static __inline void
1580 invlcaddr(void *caddr)
1583 invlpg((u_int)caddr);
1587 * Super fast pmap_pte routine best used when scanning
1588 * the pv lists. This eliminates many coarse-grained
1589 * invltlb calls. Note that many of the pv list
1590 * scans are across different pmaps. It is very wasteful
1591 * to do an entire invltlb for checking a single mapping.
1593 * If the given pmap is not the current pmap, pvh_global_lock
1594 * must be held and curthread pinned to a CPU.
1597 pmap_pte_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1602 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1606 /* are we current address space or kernel? */
1607 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
1608 return (vtopte(va));
1609 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
1610 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
1611 newpf = *pde & PG_FRAME;
1612 if ((*PMAP1 & PG_FRAME) != newpf) {
1613 *PMAP1 = newpf | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1615 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1621 if (PMAP1cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
1622 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1628 return (PADDR1 + (i386_btop(va) & (NPTEPG - 1)));
1634 pmap_pte_quick3(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1639 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1643 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
1644 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
1645 newpf = *pde & PG_FRAME;
1646 if ((*PMAP3 & PG_FRAME) != newpf) {
1647 *PMAP3 = newpf | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1649 PMAP3cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1655 if (PMAP3cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
1656 PMAP3cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
1662 return (PADDR3 + (i386_btop(va) & (NPTEPG - 1)));
1668 pmap_pte_ufast(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t pde)
1670 pt_entry_t *eh_ptep, pte, *ptep;
1672 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1675 eh_ptep = (pt_entry_t *)PCPU_GET(pmap_eh_ptep);
1676 if ((*eh_ptep & PG_FRAME) != pde) {
1677 *eh_ptep = pde | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
1678 invlcaddr((void *)PCPU_GET(pmap_eh_va));
1680 ptep = (pt_entry_t *)PCPU_GET(pmap_eh_va) + (i386_btop(va) &
1688 * Routine: pmap_extract
1690 * Extract the physical page address associated
1691 * with the given map/virtual_address pair.
1694 pmap_extract(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1702 pde = pmap->pm_pdir[va >> PDRSHIFT];
1704 if ((pde & PG_PS) != 0)
1705 rtval = (pde & PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK);
1707 pte = pmap_pte_ufast(pmap, va, pde);
1708 rtval = (pte & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
1716 * Routine: pmap_extract_and_hold
1718 * Atomically extract and hold the physical page
1719 * with the given pmap and virtual address pair
1720 * if that mapping permits the given protection.
1723 pmap_extract_and_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t prot)
1734 pde = *pmap_pde(pmap, va);
1737 if ((pde & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
1738 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, (pde &
1739 PG_PS_FRAME) | (va & PDRMASK), &pa))
1741 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
1744 pte = pmap_pte_ufast(pmap, va, pde);
1746 ((pte & PG_RW) || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)) {
1747 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, pte & PG_FRAME,
1750 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
1761 /***************************************************
1762 * Low level mapping routines.....
1763 ***************************************************/
1766 * Add a wired page to the kva.
1767 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1769 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
1772 pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
1777 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V);
1780 static __inline void
1781 pmap_kenter_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa, int mode)
1786 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V | pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap,
1791 * Remove a page from the kernel pagetables.
1792 * Note: not SMP coherent.
1794 * This function may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
1797 pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t va)
1806 * Used to map a range of physical addresses into kernel
1807 * virtual address space.
1809 * The value passed in '*virt' is a suggested virtual address for
1810 * the mapping. Architectures which can support a direct-mapped
1811 * physical to virtual region can return the appropriate address
1812 * within that region, leaving '*virt' unchanged. Other
1813 * architectures should map the pages starting at '*virt' and
1814 * update '*virt' with the first usable address after the mapped
1818 pmap_map(vm_offset_t *virt, vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int prot)
1820 vm_offset_t va, sva;
1821 vm_paddr_t superpage_offset;
1826 * Does the physical address range's size and alignment permit at
1827 * least one superpage mapping to be created?
1829 superpage_offset = start & PDRMASK;
1830 if ((end - start) - ((NBPDR - superpage_offset) & PDRMASK) >= NBPDR) {
1832 * Increase the starting virtual address so that its alignment
1833 * does not preclude the use of superpage mappings.
1835 if ((va & PDRMASK) < superpage_offset)
1836 va = (va & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
1837 else if ((va & PDRMASK) > superpage_offset)
1838 va = ((va + PDRMASK) & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
1841 while (start < end) {
1842 if ((start & PDRMASK) == 0 && end - start >= NBPDR &&
1844 KASSERT((va & PDRMASK) == 0,
1845 ("pmap_map: misaligned va %#x", va));
1846 newpde = start | PG_PS | PG_RW | PG_V;
1847 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
1851 pmap_kenter(va, start);
1856 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1863 * Add a list of wired pages to the kva
1864 * this routine is only used for temporary
1865 * kernel mappings that do not need to have
1866 * page modification or references recorded.
1867 * Note that old mappings are simply written
1868 * over. The page *must* be wired.
1869 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1872 pmap_qenter(vm_offset_t sva, vm_page_t *ma, int count)
1874 pt_entry_t *endpte, oldpte, pa, *pte;
1879 endpte = pte + count;
1880 while (pte < endpte) {
1882 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap,
1884 if ((*pte & (PG_FRAME | PG_PTE_CACHE)) != pa) {
1886 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
1887 pte_store(pte, pa | pg_nx | PG_RW | PG_V);
1889 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_RW | PG_V);
1894 if (__predict_false((oldpte & PG_V) != 0))
1895 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, sva + count *
1900 * This routine tears out page mappings from the
1901 * kernel -- it is meant only for temporary mappings.
1902 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1905 pmap_qremove(vm_offset_t sva, int count)
1910 while (count-- > 0) {
1914 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1917 /***************************************************
1918 * Page table page management routines.....
1919 ***************************************************/
1921 * Schedule the specified unused page table page to be freed. Specifically,
1922 * add the page to the specified list of pages that will be released to the
1923 * physical memory manager after the TLB has been updated.
1925 static __inline void
1926 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free,
1927 boolean_t set_PG_ZERO)
1931 m->flags |= PG_ZERO;
1933 m->flags &= ~PG_ZERO;
1934 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(free, m, plinks.s.ss);
1938 * Inserts the specified page table page into the specified pmap's collection
1939 * of idle page table pages. Each of a pmap's page table pages is responsible
1940 * for mapping a distinct range of virtual addresses. The pmap's collection is
1941 * ordered by this virtual address range.
1944 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t mpte)
1947 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1948 return (vm_radix_insert(&pmap->pm_root, mpte));
1952 * Removes the page table page mapping the specified virtual address from the
1953 * specified pmap's collection of idle page table pages, and returns it.
1954 * Otherwise, returns NULL if there is no page table page corresponding to the
1955 * specified virtual address.
1957 static __inline vm_page_t
1958 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1961 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1962 return (vm_radix_remove(&pmap->pm_root, va >> PDRSHIFT));
1966 * Decrements a page table page's wire count, which is used to record the
1967 * number of valid page table entries within the page. If the wire count
1968 * drops to zero, then the page table page is unmapped. Returns TRUE if the
1969 * page table page was unmapped and FALSE otherwise.
1971 static inline boolean_t
1972 pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free)
1976 if (m->wire_count == 0) {
1977 _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, m, free);
1984 _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free)
1988 * unmap the page table page
1990 pmap->pm_pdir[m->pindex] = 0;
1991 --pmap->pm_stats.resident_count;
1994 * There is not need to invalidate the recursive mapping since
1995 * we never instantiate such mapping for the usermode pmaps,
1996 * and never remove page table pages from the kernel pmap.
1997 * Put page on a list so that it is released since all TLB
1998 * shootdown is done.
2000 MPASS(pmap != kernel_pmap);
2001 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(m, free, TRUE);
2005 * After removing a page table entry, this routine is used to
2006 * conditionally free the page, and manage the hold/wire counts.
2009 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, struct spglist *free)
2014 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
2016 ptepde = *pmap_pde(pmap, va);
2017 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepde & PG_FRAME);
2018 return (pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, mpte, free));
2022 * Initialize the pmap for the swapper process.
2025 pmap_pinit0(pmap_t pmap)
2028 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
2029 pmap->pm_pdir = IdlePTD;
2030 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
2031 pmap->pm_pdpt = IdlePDPT;
2033 pmap->pm_root.rt_root = 0;
2034 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
2035 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
2036 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
2037 pmap_activate_boot(pmap);
2041 * Initialize a preallocated and zeroed pmap structure,
2042 * such as one in a vmspace structure.
2045 pmap_pinit(pmap_t pmap)
2051 * No need to allocate page table space yet but we do need a valid
2052 * page directory table.
2054 if (pmap->pm_pdir == NULL) {
2055 pmap->pm_pdir = (pd_entry_t *)kva_alloc(NBPTD);
2056 if (pmap->pm_pdir == NULL)
2058 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
2059 pmap->pm_pdpt = uma_zalloc(pdptzone, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
2060 KASSERT(((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdpt &
2061 ((NPGPTD * sizeof(pdpt_entry_t)) - 1)) == 0,
2062 ("pmap_pinit: pdpt misaligned"));
2063 KASSERT(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdpt) < (4ULL<<30),
2064 ("pmap_pinit: pdpt above 4g"));
2066 pmap->pm_root.rt_root = 0;
2068 KASSERT(vm_radix_is_empty(&pmap->pm_root),
2069 ("pmap_pinit: pmap has reserved page table page(s)"));
2072 * allocate the page directory page(s)
2074 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD;) {
2075 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
2076 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
2080 pmap->pm_ptdpg[i] = m;
2081 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
2082 pmap->pm_pdpt[i] = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_V;
2088 pmap_qenter((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdir, pmap->pm_ptdpg, NPGPTD);
2090 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++)
2091 if ((pmap->pm_ptdpg[i]->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2092 pagezero(pmap->pm_pdir + (i * NPDEPG));
2094 /* Install the trampoline mapping. */
2095 pmap->pm_pdir[TRPTDI] = PTD[TRPTDI];
2097 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
2098 TAILQ_INIT(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
2099 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof pmap->pm_stats);
2105 * this routine is called if the page table page is not
2109 _pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, u_int ptepindex, u_int flags)
2115 * Allocate a page table page.
2117 if ((m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, ptepindex, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
2118 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL) {
2119 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP) == 0) {
2121 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2123 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2128 * Indicate the need to retry. While waiting, the page table
2129 * page may have been allocated.
2133 if ((m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2137 * Map the pagetable page into the process address space, if
2138 * it isn't already there.
2141 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
2143 ptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
2144 pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] =
2145 (pd_entry_t) (ptepa | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M);
2151 pmap_allocpte(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, u_int flags)
2158 * Calculate pagetable page index
2160 ptepindex = va >> PDRSHIFT;
2163 * Get the page directory entry
2165 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
2168 * This supports switching from a 4MB page to a
2171 if (ptepa & PG_PS) {
2172 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, &pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex], va);
2173 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
2177 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment the
2178 * hold count, and activate it.
2181 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepa & PG_FRAME);
2185 * Here if the pte page isn't mapped, or if it has
2188 m = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex, flags);
2189 if (m == NULL && (flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP) == 0)
2196 /***************************************************
2197 * Pmap allocation/deallocation routines.
2198 ***************************************************/
2201 * Release any resources held by the given physical map.
2202 * Called when a pmap initialized by pmap_pinit is being released.
2203 * Should only be called if the map contains no valid mappings.
2206 pmap_release(pmap_t pmap)
2211 KASSERT(pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0,
2212 ("pmap_release: pmap resident count %ld != 0",
2213 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count));
2214 KASSERT(vm_radix_is_empty(&pmap->pm_root),
2215 ("pmap_release: pmap has reserved page table page(s)"));
2216 KASSERT(CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active),
2217 ("releasing active pmap %p", pmap));
2219 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_pdir, NPGPTD);
2221 for (i = 0; i < NPGPTD; i++) {
2222 m = pmap->pm_ptdpg[i];
2223 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
2224 KASSERT(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) == (pmap->pm_pdpt[i] & PG_FRAME),
2225 ("pmap_release: got wrong ptd page"));
2227 vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
2233 kvm_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2235 unsigned long ksize = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - KERNBASE;
2237 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &ksize, 0, req));
2239 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_size, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
2240 0, 0, kvm_size, "IU", "Size of KVM");
2243 kvm_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2245 unsigned long kfree = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - kernel_vm_end;
2247 return (sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &kfree, 0, req));
2249 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_free, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
2250 0, 0, kvm_free, "IU", "Amount of KVM free");
2253 * grow the number of kernel page table entries, if needed
2256 pmap_growkernel(vm_offset_t addr)
2258 vm_paddr_t ptppaddr;
2262 mtx_assert(&kernel_map->system_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2263 addr = roundup2(addr, NBPDR);
2264 if (addr - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map))
2265 addr = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
2266 while (kernel_vm_end < addr) {
2267 if (pdir_pde(PTD, kernel_vm_end)) {
2268 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2269 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map)) {
2270 kernel_vm_end = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
2276 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, kernel_vm_end >> PDRSHIFT,
2277 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
2280 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
2284 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2285 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
2286 ptppaddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
2287 newpdir = (pd_entry_t) (ptppaddr | PG_V | PG_RW | PG_A | PG_M);
2288 pdir_pde(KPTD, kernel_vm_end) = newpdir;
2290 pmap_kenter_pde(kernel_vm_end, newpdir);
2291 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
2292 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map)) {
2293 kernel_vm_end = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
2300 /***************************************************
2301 * page management routines.
2302 ***************************************************/
2304 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct pv_chunk) == PAGE_SIZE);
2305 CTASSERT(_NPCM == 11);
2306 CTASSERT(_NPCPV == 336);
2308 static __inline struct pv_chunk *
2309 pv_to_chunk(pv_entry_t pv)
2312 return ((struct pv_chunk *)((uintptr_t)pv & ~(uintptr_t)PAGE_MASK));
2315 #define PV_PMAP(pv) (pv_to_chunk(pv)->pc_pmap)
2317 #define PC_FREE0_9 0xfffffffful /* Free values for index 0 through 9 */
2318 #define PC_FREE10 0x0000fffful /* Free values for index 10 */
2320 static const uint32_t pc_freemask[_NPCM] = {
2321 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2322 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2323 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE0_9,
2324 PC_FREE0_9, PC_FREE10
2327 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_count, 0,
2328 "Current number of pv entries");
2331 static int pc_chunk_count, pc_chunk_allocs, pc_chunk_frees, pc_chunk_tryfail;
2333 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_count, 0,
2334 "Current number of pv entry chunks");
2335 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_allocs, 0,
2336 "Current number of pv entry chunks allocated");
2337 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_frees, 0,
2338 "Current number of pv entry chunks frees");
2339 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_tryfail, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_tryfail, 0,
2340 "Number of times tried to get a chunk page but failed.");
2342 static long pv_entry_frees, pv_entry_allocs;
2343 static int pv_entry_spare;
2345 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_frees, 0,
2346 "Current number of pv entry frees");
2347 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_allocs, 0,
2348 "Current number of pv entry allocs");
2349 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_spare, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_spare, 0,
2350 "Current number of spare pv entries");
2354 * We are in a serious low memory condition. Resort to
2355 * drastic measures to free some pages so we can allocate
2356 * another pv entry chunk.
2359 pmap_pv_reclaim(pmap_t locked_pmap)
2362 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2363 struct md_page *pvh;
2366 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
2370 struct spglist free;
2372 int bit, field, freed;
2374 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(locked_pmap, MA_OWNED);
2378 TAILQ_INIT(&newtail);
2379 while ((pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pv_chunks)) != NULL && (pv_vafree == 0 ||
2380 SLIST_EMPTY(&free))) {
2381 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2382 if (pmap != pc->pc_pmap) {
2384 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2385 if (pmap != locked_pmap)
2389 /* Avoid deadlock and lock recursion. */
2390 if (pmap > locked_pmap)
2392 else if (pmap != locked_pmap && !PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
2394 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2400 * Destroy every non-wired, 4 KB page mapping in the chunk.
2403 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
2404 for (inuse = ~pc->pc_map[field] & pc_freemask[field];
2405 inuse != 0; inuse &= ~(1UL << bit)) {
2407 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 32 + bit];
2409 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
2410 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0)
2412 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
2414 if ((tpte & PG_W) == 0)
2415 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
2416 pmap_pte_release(pte);
2417 if ((tpte & PG_W) != 0)
2420 ("pmap_pv_reclaim: pmap %p va %x zero pte",
2422 if ((tpte & PG_G) != 0)
2423 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2424 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(tpte & PG_FRAME);
2425 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
2427 if ((tpte & PG_A) != 0)
2428 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2429 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2430 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2431 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
2432 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2433 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
2434 vm_page_aflag_clear(m,
2438 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1UL << bit;
2439 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, &free);
2444 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2447 /* Every freed mapping is for a 4 KB page. */
2448 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= freed;
2449 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees += freed);
2450 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare += freed);
2451 pv_entry_count -= freed;
2452 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2453 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++)
2454 if (pc->pc_map[field] != pc_freemask[field]) {
2455 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc,
2457 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&newtail, pc, pc_lru);
2460 * One freed pv entry in locked_pmap is
2463 if (pmap == locked_pmap)
2467 if (field == _NPCM) {
2468 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
2469 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
2470 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
2471 /* Entire chunk is free; return it. */
2472 m_pc = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pc));
2473 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pc, 1);
2474 pmap_ptelist_free(&pv_vafree, (vm_offset_t)pc);
2479 TAILQ_CONCAT(&pv_chunks, &newtail, pc_lru);
2481 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2482 if (pmap != locked_pmap)
2485 if (m_pc == NULL && pv_vafree != 0 && SLIST_EMPTY(&free)) {
2486 m_pc = SLIST_FIRST(&free);
2487 SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(&free, plinks.s.ss);
2488 /* Recycle a freed page table page. */
2489 m_pc->wire_count = 1;
2491 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
2496 * free the pv_entry back to the free list
2499 free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv)
2501 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2502 int idx, field, bit;
2504 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2505 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2506 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
2507 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
2509 pc = pv_to_chunk(pv);
2510 idx = pv - &pc->pc_pventry[0];
2513 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1ul << bit;
2514 for (idx = 0; idx < _NPCM; idx++)
2515 if (pc->pc_map[idx] != pc_freemask[idx]) {
2517 * 98% of the time, pc is already at the head of the
2518 * list. If it isn't already, move it to the head.
2520 if (__predict_false(TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk) !=
2522 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2523 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc,
2528 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2533 free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc)
2537 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2538 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare -= _NPCPV);
2539 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count--);
2540 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_frees++);
2541 /* entire chunk is free, return it */
2542 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)pc));
2543 pmap_qremove((vm_offset_t)pc, 1);
2544 vm_page_unwire(m, PQ_NONE);
2546 pmap_ptelist_free(&pv_vafree, (vm_offset_t)pc);
2550 * get a new pv_entry, allocating a block from the system
2554 get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, boolean_t try)
2556 static const struct timeval printinterval = { 60, 0 };
2557 static struct timeval lastprint;
2560 struct pv_chunk *pc;
2563 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2564 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2565 PV_STAT(pv_entry_allocs++);
2567 if (pv_entry_count > pv_entry_high_water)
2568 if (ratecheck(&lastprint, &printinterval))
2569 printf("Approaching the limit on PV entries, consider "
2570 "increasing either the vm.pmap.shpgperproc or the "
2571 "vm.pmap.pv_entry_max tunable.\n");
2573 pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
2575 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
2576 if (pc->pc_map[field]) {
2577 bit = bsfl(pc->pc_map[field]);
2581 if (field < _NPCM) {
2582 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 32 + bit];
2583 pc->pc_map[field] &= ~(1ul << bit);
2584 /* If this was the last item, move it to tail */
2585 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++)
2586 if (pc->pc_map[field] != 0) {
2587 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare--);
2588 return (pv); /* not full, return */
2590 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2591 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2592 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare--);
2597 * Access to the ptelist "pv_vafree" is synchronized by the pvh
2598 * global lock. If "pv_vafree" is currently non-empty, it will
2599 * remain non-empty until pmap_ptelist_alloc() completes.
2601 if (pv_vafree == 0 || (m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2602 VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED)) == NULL) {
2605 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_tryfail++);
2608 m = pmap_pv_reclaim(pmap);
2612 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_count++);
2613 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_allocs++);
2614 pc = (struct pv_chunk *)pmap_ptelist_alloc(&pv_vafree);
2615 pmap_qenter((vm_offset_t)pc, &m, 1);
2617 pc->pc_map[0] = pc_freemask[0] & ~1ul; /* preallocated bit 0 */
2618 for (field = 1; field < _NPCM; field++)
2619 pc->pc_map[field] = pc_freemask[field];
2620 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
2621 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[0];
2622 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
2623 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare += _NPCPV - 1);
2627 static __inline pv_entry_t
2628 pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2632 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2633 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
2634 if (pmap == PV_PMAP(pv) && va == pv->pv_va) {
2635 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2643 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2645 struct md_page *pvh;
2647 vm_offset_t va_last;
2650 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2651 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2652 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pa is not 4mpage aligned"));
2655 * Transfer the 4mpage's pv entry for this mapping to the first
2658 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2659 va = trunc_4mpage(va);
2660 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2661 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: pv not found"));
2662 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2663 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2664 /* Instantiate the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2665 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2668 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
2669 ("pmap_pv_demote_pde: page %p is not managed", m));
2671 pmap_insert_entry(pmap, va, m);
2672 } while (va < va_last);
2675 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
2677 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa)
2679 struct md_page *pvh;
2681 vm_offset_t va_last;
2684 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2685 KASSERT((pa & PDRMASK) == 0,
2686 ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pa is not 4mpage aligned"));
2689 * Transfer the first page's pv entry for this mapping to the
2690 * 4mpage's pv list. Aside from avoiding the cost of a call
2691 * to get_pv_entry(), a transfer avoids the possibility that
2692 * get_pv_entry() calls pmap_collect() and that pmap_collect()
2693 * removes one of the mappings that is being promoted.
2695 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2696 va = trunc_4mpage(va);
2697 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&m->md, pmap, va);
2698 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_promote_pde: pv not found"));
2699 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
2700 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2701 /* Free the remaining NPTEPG - 1 pv entries. */
2702 va_last = va + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
2706 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2707 } while (va < va_last);
2709 #endif /* VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0 */
2712 pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
2716 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
2717 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pvh_free: pv not found"));
2718 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2722 pmap_remove_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, vm_offset_t va)
2724 struct md_page *pvh;
2726 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2727 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2728 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
2729 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2730 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2731 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2736 * Create a pv entry for page at pa for
2740 pmap_insert_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2744 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2745 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2746 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, FALSE);
2748 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2752 * Conditionally create a pv entry.
2755 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m)
2759 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2760 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2761 if (pv_entry_count < pv_entry_high_water &&
2762 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, TRUE)) != NULL) {
2764 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2771 * Create the pv entries for each of the pages within a superpage.
2774 pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t pde, u_int flags)
2776 struct md_page *pvh;
2780 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
2781 noreclaim = (flags & PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM) != 0;
2782 if ((noreclaim && pv_entry_count >= pv_entry_high_water) ||
2783 (pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, noreclaim)) == NULL)
2786 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2787 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2792 * Fills a page table page with mappings to consecutive physical pages.
2795 pmap_fill_ptp(pt_entry_t *firstpte, pt_entry_t newpte)
2799 for (pte = firstpte; pte < firstpte + NPTEPG; pte++) {
2801 newpte += PAGE_SIZE;
2806 * Tries to demote a 2- or 4MB page mapping. If demotion fails, the
2807 * 2- or 4MB page mapping is invalidated.
2810 pmap_demote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
2812 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
2813 pt_entry_t *firstpte, newpte;
2816 struct spglist free;
2819 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2821 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_PS | PG_V)) == (PG_PS | PG_V),
2822 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_PS and/or PG_V"));
2823 if ((oldpde & PG_A) == 0 || (mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, va)) ==
2825 KASSERT((oldpde & PG_W) == 0,
2826 ("pmap_demote_pde: page table page for a wired mapping"
2830 * Invalidate the 2- or 4MB page mapping and return
2831 * "failure" if the mapping was never accessed or the
2832 * allocation of the new page table page fails.
2834 if ((oldpde & PG_A) == 0 || (mpte = vm_page_alloc(NULL,
2835 va >> PDRSHIFT, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2836 VM_ALLOC_WIRED)) == NULL) {
2838 sva = trunc_4mpage(va);
2839 pmap_remove_pde(pmap, pde, sva, &free);
2840 if ((oldpde & PG_G) == 0)
2841 pmap_invalidate_pde_page(pmap, sva, oldpde);
2842 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
2843 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: failure for va %#x"
2844 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2847 if (pmap != kernel_pmap)
2848 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
2850 mptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte);
2853 * If the page mapping is in the kernel's address space, then the
2854 * KPTmap can provide access to the page table page. Otherwise,
2855 * temporarily map the page table page (mpte) into the kernel's
2856 * address space at either PADDR1 or PADDR2.
2858 if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
2859 firstpte = &KPTmap[i386_btop(trunc_4mpage(va))];
2860 else if (curthread->td_pinned > 0 && rw_wowned(&pvh_global_lock)) {
2861 if ((*PMAP1 & PG_FRAME) != mptepa) {
2862 *PMAP1 = mptepa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
2864 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
2870 if (PMAP1cpu != PCPU_GET(cpuid)) {
2871 PMAP1cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
2879 mtx_lock(&PMAP2mutex);
2880 if ((*PMAP2 & PG_FRAME) != mptepa) {
2881 *PMAP2 = mptepa | PG_RW | PG_V | PG_A | PG_M;
2882 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, (vm_offset_t)PADDR2);
2886 newpde = mptepa | PG_M | PG_A | (oldpde & PG_U) | PG_RW | PG_V;
2887 KASSERT((oldpde & PG_A) != 0,
2888 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_A"));
2889 KASSERT((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) != PG_RW,
2890 ("pmap_demote_pde: oldpde is missing PG_M"));
2891 newpte = oldpde & ~PG_PS;
2892 if ((newpte & PG_PDE_PAT) != 0)
2893 newpte ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
2896 * If the page table page is new, initialize it.
2898 if (mpte->wire_count == 1) {
2899 mpte->wire_count = NPTEPG;
2900 pmap_fill_ptp(firstpte, newpte);
2902 KASSERT((*firstpte & PG_FRAME) == (newpte & PG_FRAME),
2903 ("pmap_demote_pde: firstpte and newpte map different physical"
2907 * If the mapping has changed attributes, update the page table
2910 if ((*firstpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE))
2911 pmap_fill_ptp(firstpte, newpte);
2914 * Demote the mapping. This pmap is locked. The old PDE has
2915 * PG_A set. If the old PDE has PG_RW set, it also has PG_M
2916 * set. Thus, there is no danger of a race with another
2917 * processor changing the setting of PG_A and/or PG_M between
2918 * the read above and the store below.
2920 if (workaround_erratum383)
2921 pmap_update_pde(pmap, va, pde, newpde);
2922 else if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
2923 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
2925 pde_store(pde, newpde);
2926 if (firstpte == PADDR2)
2927 mtx_unlock(&PMAP2mutex);
2930 * Invalidate the recursive mapping of the page table page.
2932 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, (vm_offset_t)vtopte(va));
2935 * Demote the pv entry. This depends on the earlier demotion
2936 * of the mapping. Specifically, the (re)creation of a per-
2937 * page pv entry might trigger the execution of pmap_collect(),
2938 * which might reclaim a newly (re)created per-page pv entry
2939 * and destroy the associated mapping. In order to destroy
2940 * the mapping, the PDE must have already changed from mapping
2941 * the 2mpage to referencing the page table page.
2943 if ((oldpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
2944 pmap_pv_demote_pde(pmap, va, oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
2946 pmap_pde_demotions++;
2947 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_pde: success for va %#x"
2948 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2953 * Removes a 2- or 4MB page mapping from the kernel pmap.
2956 pmap_remove_kernel_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
2962 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2963 mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, va);
2965 panic("pmap_remove_kernel_pde: Missing pt page.");
2967 mptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte);
2968 newpde = mptepa | PG_M | PG_A | PG_RW | PG_V;
2971 * Initialize the page table page.
2973 pagezero((void *)&KPTmap[i386_btop(trunc_4mpage(va))]);
2976 * Remove the mapping.
2978 if (workaround_erratum383)
2979 pmap_update_pde(pmap, va, pde, newpde);
2981 pmap_kenter_pde(va, newpde);
2984 * Invalidate the recursive mapping of the page table page.
2986 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, (vm_offset_t)vtopte(va));
2990 * pmap_remove_pde: do the things to unmap a superpage in a process
2993 pmap_remove_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pdq, vm_offset_t sva,
2994 struct spglist *free)
2996 struct md_page *pvh;
2998 vm_offset_t eva, va;
3001 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3002 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
3003 ("pmap_remove_pde: sva is not 4mpage aligned"));
3004 oldpde = pte_load_clear(pdq);
3006 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
3009 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
3012 if ((oldpde & PG_G) != 0)
3013 pmap_invalidate_pde_page(kernel_pmap, sva, oldpde);
3015 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
3016 if (oldpde & PG_MANAGED) {
3017 pvh = pa_to_pvh(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3018 pmap_pvh_free(pvh, pmap, sva);
3020 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3021 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++) {
3022 if ((oldpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3025 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
3026 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
3027 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
3028 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3031 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
3032 pmap_remove_kernel_pde(pmap, pdq, sva);
3034 mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, sva);
3036 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
3037 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
3038 ("pmap_remove_pde: pte page wire count error"));
3039 mpte->wire_count = 0;
3040 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, free, FALSE);
3046 * pmap_remove_pte: do the things to unmap a page in a process
3049 pmap_remove_pte(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *ptq, vm_offset_t va,
3050 struct spglist *free)
3055 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3056 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3057 oldpte = pte_load_clear(ptq);
3058 KASSERT(oldpte != 0,
3059 ("pmap_remove_pte: pmap %p va %x zero pte", pmap, va));
3061 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= 1;
3063 * Machines that don't support invlpg, also don't support
3067 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, va);
3068 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= 1;
3069 if (oldpte & PG_MANAGED) {
3070 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpte & PG_FRAME);
3071 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3074 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
3075 pmap_remove_entry(pmap, m, va);
3077 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, free));
3081 * Remove a single page from a process address space
3084 pmap_remove_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, struct spglist *free)
3088 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3089 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
3090 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3091 if ((pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va)) == NULL || *pte == 0)
3093 pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, va, free);
3094 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3098 * Removes the specified range of addresses from the page table page.
3101 pmap_remove_ptes(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva,
3102 struct spglist *free)
3107 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3108 KASSERT(curthread->td_pinned > 0, ("curthread not pinned"));
3109 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3111 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != eva; pte++,
3117 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is invalidated by
3118 * pmap_remove_pte().
3120 if ((*pte & PG_G) == 0)
3123 if (pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, sva, free))
3130 * Remove the given range of addresses from the specified map.
3132 * It is assumed that the start and end are properly
3133 * rounded to the page size.
3136 pmap_remove(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
3140 struct spglist free;
3144 * Perform an unsynchronized read. This is, however, safe.
3146 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
3152 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3157 * special handling of removing one page. a very
3158 * common operation and easy to short circuit some
3161 if ((sva + PAGE_SIZE == eva) &&
3162 ((pmap->pm_pdir[(sva >> PDRSHIFT)] & PG_PS) == 0)) {
3163 pmap_remove_page(pmap, sva, &free);
3167 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
3171 * Calculate index for next page table.
3173 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
3176 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
3179 pdirindex = sva >> PDRSHIFT;
3180 ptpaddr = pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex];
3183 * Weed out invalid mappings. Note: we assume that the page
3184 * directory table is always allocated, and in kernel virtual.
3190 * Check for large page.
3192 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
3194 * Are we removing the entire large page? If not,
3195 * demote the mapping and fall through.
3197 if (sva + NBPDR == pdnxt && eva >= pdnxt) {
3199 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
3200 * invalidated by pmap_remove_pde().
3202 if ((ptpaddr & PG_G) == 0)
3204 pmap_remove_pde(pmap,
3205 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva, &free);
3207 } else if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap,
3208 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva)) {
3209 /* The large page mapping was destroyed. */
3215 * Limit our scan to either the end of the va represented
3216 * by the current page table page, or to the end of the
3217 * range being removed.
3222 if (pmap_remove_ptes(pmap, sva, pdnxt, &free))
3228 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3229 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3231 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
3235 * Routine: pmap_remove_all
3237 * Removes this physical page from
3238 * all physical maps in which it resides.
3239 * Reflects back modify bits to the pager.
3242 * Original versions of this routine were very
3243 * inefficient because they iteratively called
3244 * pmap_remove (slow...)
3248 pmap_remove_all(vm_page_t m)
3250 struct md_page *pvh;
3253 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
3256 struct spglist free;
3258 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3259 ("pmap_remove_all: page %p is not managed", m));
3261 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3263 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
3264 goto small_mappings;
3265 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3266 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != NULL) {
3270 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3271 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3275 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
3278 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
3279 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3280 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_remove_all: found"
3281 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
3282 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3283 tpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
3284 KASSERT(tpte != 0, ("pmap_remove_all: pmap %p va %x zero pte",
3287 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3289 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
3292 * Update the vm_page_t clean and reference bits.
3294 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3296 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, &free);
3297 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3298 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
3299 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
3302 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3304 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3305 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
3309 * pmap_protect_pde: do the things to protect a 4mpage in a process
3312 pmap_protect_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t sva, vm_prot_t prot)
3314 pd_entry_t newpde, oldpde;
3315 vm_offset_t eva, va;
3317 boolean_t anychanged;
3319 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3320 KASSERT((sva & PDRMASK) == 0,
3321 ("pmap_protect_pde: sva is not 4mpage aligned"));
3324 oldpde = newpde = *pde;
3325 if ((oldpde & (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) ==
3326 (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3328 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(oldpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3329 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++)
3332 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
3333 newpde &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
3334 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3335 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3338 if (newpde != oldpde) {
3340 * As an optimization to future operations on this PDE, clear
3341 * PG_PROMOTED. The impending invalidation will remove any
3342 * lingering 4KB page mappings from the TLB.
3344 if (!pde_cmpset(pde, oldpde, newpde & ~PG_PROMOTED))
3346 if ((oldpde & PG_G) != 0)
3347 pmap_invalidate_pde_page(kernel_pmap, sva, oldpde);
3351 return (anychanged);
3355 * Set the physical protection on the
3356 * specified range of this map as requested.
3359 pmap_protect(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, vm_prot_t prot)
3364 boolean_t anychanged, pv_lists_locked;
3366 KASSERT((prot & ~VM_PROT_ALL) == 0, ("invalid prot %x", prot));
3367 if (prot == VM_PROT_NONE) {
3368 pmap_remove(pmap, sva, eva);
3372 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3373 if ((prot & (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) ==
3374 (VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_EXECUTE))
3377 if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
3381 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
3382 pv_lists_locked = FALSE;
3384 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
3386 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3392 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
3393 pt_entry_t obits, pbits;
3396 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
3400 pdirindex = sva >> PDRSHIFT;
3401 ptpaddr = pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex];
3404 * Weed out invalid mappings. Note: we assume that the page
3405 * directory table is always allocated, and in kernel virtual.
3411 * Check for large page.
3413 if ((ptpaddr & PG_PS) != 0) {
3415 * Are we protecting the entire large page? If not,
3416 * demote the mapping and fall through.
3418 if (sva + NBPDR == pdnxt && eva >= pdnxt) {
3420 * The TLB entry for a PG_G mapping is
3421 * invalidated by pmap_protect_pde().
3423 if (pmap_protect_pde(pmap,
3424 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva, prot))
3428 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
3429 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
3430 if (!rw_try_wlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
3432 pmap_invalidate_all(
3439 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap,
3440 &pmap->pm_pdir[pdirindex], sva)) {
3442 * The large page mapping was
3453 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != pdnxt; pte++,
3459 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits in
3460 * size, PG_RW, PG_A, and PG_M are among the least
3461 * significant 32 bits.
3463 obits = pbits = *pte;
3464 if ((pbits & PG_V) == 0)
3467 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
3468 if ((pbits & (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) ==
3469 (PG_MANAGED | PG_M | PG_RW)) {
3470 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pbits & PG_FRAME);
3473 pbits &= ~(PG_RW | PG_M);
3475 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3476 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3480 if (pbits != obits) {
3481 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3482 if (!atomic_cmpset_64(pte, obits, pbits))
3485 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, obits,
3490 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, sva);
3497 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3498 if (pv_lists_locked) {
3500 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3505 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
3507 * Tries to promote the 512 or 1024, contiguous 4KB page mappings that are
3508 * within a single page table page (PTP) to a single 2- or 4MB page mapping.
3509 * For promotion to occur, two conditions must be met: (1) the 4KB page
3510 * mappings must map aligned, contiguous physical memory and (2) the 4KB page
3511 * mappings must have identical characteristics.
3513 * Managed (PG_MANAGED) mappings within the kernel address space are not
3514 * promoted. The reason is that kernel PDEs are replicated in each pmap but
3515 * pmap_clear_ptes() and pmap_ts_referenced() only read the PDE from the kernel
3519 pmap_promote_pde(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *pde, vm_offset_t va)
3522 pt_entry_t *firstpte, oldpte, pa, *pte;
3523 vm_offset_t oldpteva;
3526 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3529 * Examine the first PTE in the specified PTP. Abort if this PTE is
3530 * either invalid, unused, or does not map the first 4KB physical page
3531 * within a 2- or 4MB page.
3533 firstpte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, trunc_4mpage(va));
3536 if ((newpde & ((PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) | PG_A | PG_V)) != (PG_A | PG_V)) {
3537 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3538 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3539 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3542 if ((*firstpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0 && pmap == kernel_pmap) {
3543 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3544 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3545 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3548 if ((newpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
3550 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared without
3551 * a TLB invalidation.
3553 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)firstpte, newpde, newpde &
3560 * Examine each of the other PTEs in the specified PTP. Abort if this
3561 * PTE maps an unexpected 4KB physical page or does not have identical
3562 * characteristics to the first PTE.
3564 pa = (newpde & (PG_PS_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) + NBPDR - PAGE_SIZE;
3565 for (pte = firstpte + NPTEPG - 1; pte > firstpte; pte--) {
3568 if ((oldpte & (PG_FRAME | PG_A | PG_V)) != pa) {
3569 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3570 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3571 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3574 if ((oldpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == PG_RW) {
3576 * When PG_M is already clear, PG_RW can be cleared
3577 * without a TLB invalidation.
3579 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, oldpte,
3583 oldpteva = (oldpte & PG_FRAME & PDRMASK) |
3585 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: protect for va %#x"
3586 " in pmap %p", oldpteva, pmap);
3588 if ((oldpte & PG_PTE_PROMOTE) != (newpde & PG_PTE_PROMOTE)) {
3589 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3590 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x"
3591 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3598 * Save the page table page in its current state until the PDE
3599 * mapping the superpage is demoted by pmap_demote_pde() or
3600 * destroyed by pmap_remove_pde().
3602 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pde & PG_FRAME);
3603 KASSERT(mpte >= vm_page_array &&
3604 mpte < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
3605 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page is out of range"));
3606 KASSERT(mpte->pindex == va >> PDRSHIFT,
3607 ("pmap_promote_pde: page table page's pindex is wrong"));
3608 if (pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, mpte)) {
3609 pmap_pde_p_failures++;
3611 "pmap_promote_pde: failure for va %#x in pmap %p", va,
3617 * Promote the pv entries.
3619 if ((newpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3620 pmap_pv_promote_pde(pmap, va, newpde & PG_PS_FRAME);
3623 * Propagate the PAT index to its proper position.
3625 if ((newpde & PG_PTE_PAT) != 0)
3626 newpde ^= PG_PDE_PAT | PG_PTE_PAT;
3629 * Map the superpage.
3631 if (workaround_erratum383)
3632 pmap_update_pde(pmap, va, pde, PG_PS | newpde);
3633 else if (pmap == kernel_pmap)
3634 pmap_kenter_pde(va, PG_PROMOTED | PG_PS | newpde);
3636 pde_store(pde, PG_PROMOTED | PG_PS | newpde);
3638 pmap_pde_promotions++;
3639 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_pde: success for va %#x"
3640 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3642 #endif /* VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0 */
3645 * Insert the given physical page (p) at
3646 * the specified virtual address (v) in the
3647 * target physical map with the protection requested.
3649 * If specified, the page will be wired down, meaning
3650 * that the related pte can not be reclaimed.
3652 * NB: This is the only routine which MAY NOT lazy-evaluate
3653 * or lose information. That is, this routine must actually
3654 * insert this page into the given map NOW.
3657 pmap_enter(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot,
3658 u_int flags, int8_t psind)
3662 pt_entry_t newpte, origpte;
3668 va = trunc_page(va);
3669 KASSERT((pmap == kernel_pmap && va < VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS) ||
3670 (pmap != kernel_pmap && va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS),
3671 ("pmap_enter: toobig k%d %#x", pmap == kernel_pmap, va));
3672 KASSERT(va < PMAP_TRM_MIN_ADDRESS,
3673 ("pmap_enter: invalid to pmap_enter into trampoline (va: 0x%x)",
3675 KASSERT(pmap != kernel_pmap || (m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0 ||
3676 va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva,
3677 ("pmap_enter: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
3678 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0 && !vm_page_xbusied(m))
3679 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_LOCKED(m->object);
3680 KASSERT((flags & PMAP_ENTER_RESERVED) == 0,
3681 ("pmap_enter: flags %u has reserved bits set", flags));
3682 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
3683 newpte = (pt_entry_t)(pa | PG_A | PG_V);
3684 if ((flags & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0)
3686 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0)
3688 KASSERT((newpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) != PG_M,
3689 ("pmap_enter: flags includes VM_PROT_WRITE but prot doesn't"));
3690 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3691 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3694 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_WIRED) != 0)
3696 if (pmap != kernel_pmap)
3698 newpte |= pmap_cache_bits(pmap, m->md.pat_mode, psind > 0);
3699 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0)
3700 newpte |= PG_MANAGED;
3702 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3706 /* Assert the required virtual and physical alignment. */
3707 KASSERT((va & PDRMASK) == 0, ("pmap_enter: va unaligned"));
3708 KASSERT(m->psind > 0, ("pmap_enter: m->psind < psind"));
3709 rv = pmap_enter_pde(pmap, va, newpte | PG_PS, flags, m);
3713 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3714 if (pmap != kernel_pmap) {
3717 * In the case that a page table page is not resident,
3718 * we are creating it here. pmap_allocpte() handles
3721 mpte = pmap_allocpte(pmap, va, flags);
3723 KASSERT((flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP) != 0,
3724 ("pmap_allocpte failed with sleep allowed"));
3725 rv = KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE;
3730 * va is for KVA, so pmap_demote_pde() will never fail
3731 * to install a page table page. PG_V is also
3732 * asserted by pmap_demote_pde().
3735 KASSERT(pde != NULL && (*pde & PG_V) != 0,
3736 ("KVA %#x invalid pde pdir %#jx", va,
3737 (uintmax_t)pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI]));
3738 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0)
3739 pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3741 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
3744 * Page Directory table entry is not valid, which should not
3745 * happen. We should have either allocated the page table
3746 * page or demoted the existing mapping above.
3749 panic("pmap_enter: invalid page directory pdir=%#jx, va=%#x",
3750 (uintmax_t)pmap->pm_pdir[PTDPTDI], va);
3757 * Is the specified virtual address already mapped?
3759 if ((origpte & PG_V) != 0) {
3761 * Wiring change, just update stats. We don't worry about
3762 * wiring PT pages as they remain resident as long as there
3763 * are valid mappings in them. Hence, if a user page is wired,
3764 * the PT page will be also.
3766 if ((newpte & PG_W) != 0 && (origpte & PG_W) == 0)
3767 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3768 else if ((newpte & PG_W) == 0 && (origpte & PG_W) != 0)
3769 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3772 * Remove the extra PT page reference.
3776 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count > 0,
3777 ("pmap_enter: missing reference to page table page,"
3782 * Has the physical page changed?
3784 opa = origpte & PG_FRAME;
3787 * No, might be a protection or wiring change.
3789 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0 &&
3790 (newpte & PG_RW) != 0)
3791 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3792 if (((origpte ^ newpte) & ~(PG_M | PG_A)) == 0)
3798 * The physical page has changed. Temporarily invalidate
3799 * the mapping. This ensures that all threads sharing the
3800 * pmap keep a consistent view of the mapping, which is
3801 * necessary for the correct handling of COW faults. It
3802 * also permits reuse of the old mapping's PV entry,
3803 * avoiding an allocation.
3805 * For consistency, handle unmanaged mappings the same way.
3807 origpte = pte_load_clear(pte);
3808 KASSERT((origpte & PG_FRAME) == opa,
3809 ("pmap_enter: unexpected pa update for %#x", va));
3810 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
3811 om = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(opa);
3814 * The pmap lock is sufficient to synchronize with
3815 * concurrent calls to pmap_page_test_mappings() and
3816 * pmap_ts_referenced().
3818 if ((origpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
3820 if ((origpte & PG_A) != 0)
3821 vm_page_aflag_set(om, PGA_REFERENCED);
3822 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&om->md, pmap, va);
3823 if ((newpte & PG_MANAGED) == 0)
3824 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
3825 if ((om->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0 &&
3826 TAILQ_EMPTY(&om->md.pv_list) &&
3827 ((om->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
3828 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(opa)->pv_list)))
3829 vm_page_aflag_clear(om, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3831 if ((origpte & PG_A) != 0)
3832 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3836 * Increment the counters.
3838 if ((newpte & PG_W) != 0)
3839 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
3840 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
3844 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
3846 if ((newpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
3848 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, FALSE);
3851 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
3852 if ((newpte & PG_RW) != 0)
3853 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3859 if ((origpte & PG_V) != 0) {
3861 origpte = pte_load_store(pte, newpte);
3862 KASSERT((origpte & PG_FRAME) == pa,
3863 ("pmap_enter: unexpected pa update for %#x", va));
3864 if ((newpte & PG_M) == 0 && (origpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) ==
3866 if ((origpte & PG_MANAGED) != 0)
3870 * Although the PTE may still have PG_RW set, TLB
3871 * invalidation may nonetheless be required because
3872 * the PTE no longer has PG_M set.
3875 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3876 else if ((origpte & PG_NX) != 0 || (newpte & PG_NX) == 0) {
3878 * This PTE change does not require TLB invalidation.
3883 if ((origpte & PG_A) != 0)
3884 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3886 pte_store(pte, newpte);
3890 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
3892 * If both the page table page and the reservation are fully
3893 * populated, then attempt promotion.
3895 if ((mpte == NULL || mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG) &&
3896 pg_ps_enabled && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
3897 vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0)
3898 pmap_promote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
3904 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3910 * Tries to create a read- and/or execute-only 2 or 4 MB page mapping. Returns
3911 * true if successful. Returns false if (1) a mapping already exists at the
3912 * specified virtual address or (2) a PV entry cannot be allocated without
3913 * reclaiming another PV entry.
3916 pmap_enter_4mpage(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3920 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3921 newpde = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(pmap, m->md.pat_mode, 1) |
3923 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0)
3924 newpde |= PG_MANAGED;
3925 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
3926 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
3929 if (pmap != kernel_pmap)
3931 return (pmap_enter_pde(pmap, va, newpde, PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP |
3932 PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE | PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM, NULL) ==
3937 * Tries to create the specified 2 or 4 MB page mapping. Returns KERN_SUCCESS
3938 * if the mapping was created, and either KERN_FAILURE or
3939 * KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE otherwise. Returns KERN_FAILURE if
3940 * PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE was specified and a mapping already exists at the
3941 * specified virtual address. Returns KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE if
3942 * PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM was specified and a PV entry allocation failed.
3944 * The parameter "m" is only used when creating a managed, writeable mapping.
3947 pmap_enter_pde(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t newpde, u_int flags,
3950 struct spglist free;
3951 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
3954 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
3955 KASSERT((newpde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) != PG_RW,
3956 ("pmap_enter_pde: newpde is missing PG_M"));
3957 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3958 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
3960 if ((oldpde & PG_V) != 0) {
3961 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE) != 0) {
3962 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
3963 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
3964 return (KERN_FAILURE);
3966 /* Break the existing mapping(s). */
3968 if ((oldpde & PG_PS) != 0) {
3970 * If the PDE resulted from a promotion, then a
3971 * reserved PT page could be freed.
3973 (void)pmap_remove_pde(pmap, pde, va, &free);
3974 if ((oldpde & PG_G) == 0)
3975 pmap_invalidate_pde_page(pmap, va, oldpde);
3977 if (pmap_remove_ptes(pmap, va, va + NBPDR, &free))
3978 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3980 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
3981 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
3982 mt = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pde & PG_FRAME);
3983 if (pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, mt)) {
3985 * XXX Currently, this can't happen because
3986 * we do not perform pmap_enter(psind == 1)
3987 * on the kernel pmap.
3989 panic("pmap_enter_pde: trie insert failed");
3992 KASSERT(*pde == 0, ("pmap_enter_pde: non-zero pde %p",
3995 if ((newpde & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
3997 * Abort this mapping if its PV entry could not be created.
3999 if (!pmap_pv_insert_pde(pmap, va, newpde, flags)) {
4000 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: failure for va %#lx"
4001 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
4002 return (KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE);
4004 if ((newpde & PG_RW) != 0) {
4005 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
4006 vm_page_aflag_set(mt, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4011 * Increment counters.
4013 if ((newpde & PG_W) != 0)
4014 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count += NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
4015 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
4018 * Map the superpage. (This is not a promoted mapping; there will not
4019 * be any lingering 4KB page mappings in the TLB.)
4021 pde_store(pde, newpde);
4023 pmap_pde_mappings++;
4024 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_pde: success for va %#lx"
4025 " in pmap %p", va, pmap);
4026 return (KERN_SUCCESS);
4030 * Maps a sequence of resident pages belonging to the same object.
4031 * The sequence begins with the given page m_start. This page is
4032 * mapped at the given virtual address start. Each subsequent page is
4033 * mapped at a virtual address that is offset from start by the same
4034 * amount as the page is offset from m_start within the object. The
4035 * last page in the sequence is the page with the largest offset from
4036 * m_start that can be mapped at a virtual address less than the given
4037 * virtual address end. Not every virtual page between start and end
4038 * is mapped; only those for which a resident page exists with the
4039 * corresponding offset from m_start are mapped.
4042 pmap_enter_object(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
4043 vm_page_t m_start, vm_prot_t prot)
4047 vm_pindex_t diff, psize;
4049 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_LOCKED(m_start->object);
4051 psize = atop(end - start);
4054 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4056 while (m != NULL && (diff = m->pindex - m_start->pindex) < psize) {
4057 va = start + ptoa(diff);
4058 if ((va & PDRMASK) == 0 && va + NBPDR <= end &&
4059 m->psind == 1 && pg_ps_enabled &&
4060 pmap_enter_4mpage(pmap, va, m, prot))
4061 m = &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE - 1];
4063 mpte = pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot,
4065 m = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
4067 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4072 * this code makes some *MAJOR* assumptions:
4073 * 1. Current pmap & pmap exists.
4076 * 4. No page table pages.
4077 * but is *MUCH* faster than pmap_enter...
4081 pmap_enter_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
4084 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4086 (void)pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot, NULL);
4087 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4092 pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
4093 vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte)
4097 struct spglist free;
4099 KASSERT(pmap != kernel_pmap || va < kmi.clean_sva ||
4100 va >= kmi.clean_eva || (m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0,
4101 ("pmap_enter_quick_locked: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
4102 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4103 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
4106 * In the case that a page table page is not
4107 * resident, we are creating it here.
4109 if (pmap != kernel_pmap) {
4114 * Calculate pagetable page index
4116 ptepindex = va >> PDRSHIFT;
4117 if (mpte && (mpte->pindex == ptepindex)) {
4121 * Get the page directory entry
4123 ptepa = pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
4126 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment
4127 * the hold count, and activate it.
4132 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptepa & PG_FRAME);
4135 mpte = _pmap_allocpte(pmap, ptepindex,
4136 PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP);
4146 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
4157 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
4159 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0 &&
4160 !pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap, va, m)) {
4163 if (pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, mpte, &free)) {
4164 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
4165 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
4175 * Increment counters
4177 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
4179 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | pmap_cache_bits(pmap, m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4180 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
4181 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
4186 * Now validate mapping with RO protection
4188 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
4189 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U);
4191 pte_store(pte, pa | PG_V | PG_U | PG_MANAGED);
4197 * Make a temporary mapping for a physical address. This is only intended
4198 * to be used for panic dumps.
4201 pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i)
4205 va = (vm_offset_t)crashdumpmap + (i * PAGE_SIZE);
4206 pmap_kenter(va, pa);
4208 return ((void *)crashdumpmap);
4212 * This code maps large physical mmap regions into the
4213 * processor address space. Note that some shortcuts
4214 * are taken, but the code works.
4217 pmap_object_init_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_object_t object,
4218 vm_pindex_t pindex, vm_size_t size)
4221 vm_paddr_t pa, ptepa;
4225 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(object);
4226 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_DEVICE || object->type == OBJT_SG,
4227 ("pmap_object_init_pt: non-device object"));
4228 if (pg_ps_enabled &&
4229 (addr & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0 && (size & (NBPDR - 1)) == 0) {
4230 if (!vm_object_populate(object, pindex, pindex + atop(size)))
4232 p = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
4233 KASSERT(p->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
4234 ("pmap_object_init_pt: invalid page %p", p));
4235 pat_mode = p->md.pat_mode;
4238 * Abort the mapping if the first page is not physically
4239 * aligned to a 2/4MB page boundary.
4241 ptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p);
4242 if (ptepa & (NBPDR - 1))
4246 * Skip the first page. Abort the mapping if the rest of
4247 * the pages are not physically contiguous or have differing
4248 * memory attributes.
4250 p = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
4251 for (pa = ptepa + PAGE_SIZE; pa < ptepa + size;
4253 KASSERT(p->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
4254 ("pmap_object_init_pt: invalid page %p", p));
4255 if (pa != VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p) ||
4256 pat_mode != p->md.pat_mode)
4258 p = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
4262 * Map using 2/4MB pages. Since "ptepa" is 2/4M aligned and
4263 * "size" is a multiple of 2/4M, adding the PAT setting to
4264 * "pa" will not affect the termination of this loop.
4267 for (pa = ptepa | pmap_cache_bits(pmap, pat_mode, 1);
4268 pa < ptepa + size; pa += NBPDR) {
4269 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
4271 pde_store(pde, pa | PG_PS | PG_M | PG_A |
4272 PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V);
4273 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += NBPDR /
4275 pmap_pde_mappings++;
4277 /* Else continue on if the PDE is already valid. */
4285 * Clear the wired attribute from the mappings for the specified range of
4286 * addresses in the given pmap. Every valid mapping within that range
4287 * must have the wired attribute set. In contrast, invalid mappings
4288 * cannot have the wired attribute set, so they are ignored.
4290 * The wired attribute of the page table entry is not a hardware feature,
4291 * so there is no need to invalidate any TLB entries.
4294 pmap_unwire(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
4299 boolean_t pv_lists_locked;
4301 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
4302 pv_lists_locked = FALSE;
4304 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
4306 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4310 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
4311 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
4314 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, sva);
4315 if ((*pde & PG_V) == 0)
4317 if ((*pde & PG_PS) != 0) {
4318 if ((*pde & PG_W) == 0)
4319 panic("pmap_unwire: pde %#jx is missing PG_W",
4323 * Are we unwiring the entire large page? If not,
4324 * demote the mapping and fall through.
4326 if (sva + NBPDR == pdnxt && eva >= pdnxt) {
4328 * Regardless of whether a pde (or pte) is 32
4329 * or 64 bits in size, PG_W is among the least
4330 * significant 32 bits.
4332 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pde, PG_W);
4333 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= NBPDR /
4337 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
4338 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
4339 if (!rw_try_wlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
4346 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, sva))
4347 panic("pmap_unwire: demotion failed");
4352 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != pdnxt; pte++,
4354 if ((*pte & PG_V) == 0)
4356 if ((*pte & PG_W) == 0)
4357 panic("pmap_unwire: pte %#jx is missing PG_W",
4361 * PG_W must be cleared atomically. Although the pmap
4362 * lock synchronizes access to PG_W, another processor
4363 * could be setting PG_M and/or PG_A concurrently.
4365 * PG_W is among the least significant 32 bits.
4367 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_W);
4368 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
4371 if (pv_lists_locked) {
4373 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4380 * Copy the range specified by src_addr/len
4381 * from the source map to the range dst_addr/len
4382 * in the destination map.
4384 * This routine is only advisory and need not do anything. Since
4385 * current pmap is always the kernel pmap when executing in
4386 * kernel, and we do not copy from the kernel pmap to a user
4387 * pmap, this optimization is not usable in 4/4G full split i386
4392 pmap_copy(pmap_t dst_pmap, pmap_t src_pmap, vm_offset_t dst_addr, vm_size_t len,
4393 vm_offset_t src_addr)
4395 struct spglist free;
4396 pt_entry_t *src_pte, *dst_pte, ptetemp;
4397 pd_entry_t srcptepaddr;
4398 vm_page_t dstmpte, srcmpte;
4399 vm_offset_t addr, end_addr, pdnxt;
4402 if (dst_addr != src_addr)
4405 end_addr = src_addr + len;
4407 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4408 if (dst_pmap < src_pmap) {
4409 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
4410 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
4412 PMAP_LOCK(src_pmap);
4413 PMAP_LOCK(dst_pmap);
4416 for (addr = src_addr; addr < end_addr; addr = pdnxt) {
4417 KASSERT(addr < PMAP_TRM_MIN_ADDRESS,
4418 ("pmap_copy: invalid to pmap_copy the trampoline"));
4420 pdnxt = (addr + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
4423 ptepindex = addr >> PDRSHIFT;
4425 srcptepaddr = src_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex];
4426 if (srcptepaddr == 0)
4429 if (srcptepaddr & PG_PS) {
4430 if ((addr & PDRMASK) != 0 || addr + NBPDR > end_addr)
4432 if (dst_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] == 0 &&
4433 ((srcptepaddr & PG_MANAGED) == 0 ||
4434 pmap_pv_insert_pde(dst_pmap, addr, srcptepaddr,
4435 PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM))) {
4436 dst_pmap->pm_pdir[ptepindex] = srcptepaddr &
4438 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count +=
4440 pmap_pde_mappings++;
4445 srcmpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(srcptepaddr & PG_FRAME);
4446 KASSERT(srcmpte->wire_count > 0,
4447 ("pmap_copy: source page table page is unused"));
4449 if (pdnxt > end_addr)
4452 src_pte = pmap_pte_quick3(src_pmap, addr);
4453 while (addr < pdnxt) {
4456 * we only virtual copy managed pages
4458 if ((ptetemp & PG_MANAGED) != 0) {
4459 dstmpte = pmap_allocpte(dst_pmap, addr,
4460 PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP);
4461 if (dstmpte == NULL)
4463 dst_pte = pmap_pte_quick(dst_pmap, addr);
4464 if (*dst_pte == 0 &&
4465 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(dst_pmap, addr,
4466 PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(ptetemp & PG_FRAME))) {
4468 * Clear the wired, modified, and
4469 * accessed (referenced) bits
4472 *dst_pte = ptetemp & ~(PG_W | PG_M |
4474 dst_pmap->pm_stats.resident_count++;
4477 if (pmap_unwire_ptp(dst_pmap, dstmpte,
4479 pmap_invalidate_page(dst_pmap,
4481 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free,
4486 if (dstmpte->wire_count >= srcmpte->wire_count)
4495 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4496 PMAP_UNLOCK(src_pmap);
4497 PMAP_UNLOCK(dst_pmap);
4501 * Zero 1 page of virtual memory mapped from a hardware page by the caller.
4503 static __inline void
4504 pagezero(void *page)
4506 #if defined(I686_CPU)
4507 if (cpu_class == CPUCLASS_686) {
4508 if (cpu_feature & CPUID_SSE2)
4509 sse2_pagezero(page);
4511 i686_pagezero(page);
4514 bzero(page, PAGE_SIZE);
4518 * Zero the specified hardware page.
4521 pmap_zero_page(vm_page_t m)
4523 pt_entry_t *cmap_pte2;
4528 cmap_pte2 = pc->pc_cmap_pte2;
4529 mtx_lock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4531 panic("pmap_zero_page: CMAP2 busy");
4532 *cmap_pte2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
4533 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4534 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4535 pagezero(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4539 * Unpin the thread before releasing the lock. Otherwise the thread
4540 * could be rescheduled while still bound to the current CPU, only
4541 * to unpin itself immediately upon resuming execution.
4544 mtx_unlock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4548 * Zero an an area within a single hardware page. off and size must not
4549 * cover an area beyond a single hardware page.
4552 pmap_zero_page_area(vm_page_t m, int off, int size)
4554 pt_entry_t *cmap_pte2;
4559 cmap_pte2 = pc->pc_cmap_pte2;
4560 mtx_lock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4562 panic("pmap_zero_page_area: CMAP2 busy");
4563 *cmap_pte2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
4564 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, m->md.pat_mode, 0);
4565 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4566 if (off == 0 && size == PAGE_SIZE)
4567 pagezero(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4569 bzero(pc->pc_cmap_addr2 + off, size);
4572 mtx_unlock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4576 * Copy 1 specified hardware page to another.
4579 pmap_copy_page(vm_page_t src, vm_page_t dst)
4581 pt_entry_t *cmap_pte1, *cmap_pte2;
4586 cmap_pte1 = pc->pc_cmap_pte1;
4587 cmap_pte2 = pc->pc_cmap_pte2;
4588 mtx_lock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4590 panic("pmap_copy_page: CMAP1 busy");
4592 panic("pmap_copy_page: CMAP2 busy");
4593 *cmap_pte1 = PG_V | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(src) | PG_A |
4594 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, src->md.pat_mode, 0);
4595 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr1);
4596 *cmap_pte2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(dst) | PG_A | PG_M |
4597 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, dst->md.pat_mode, 0);
4598 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4599 bcopy(pc->pc_cmap_addr1, pc->pc_cmap_addr2, PAGE_SIZE);
4603 mtx_unlock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4606 int unmapped_buf_allowed = 1;
4609 pmap_copy_pages(vm_page_t ma[], vm_offset_t a_offset, vm_page_t mb[],
4610 vm_offset_t b_offset, int xfersize)
4612 vm_page_t a_pg, b_pg;
4614 vm_offset_t a_pg_offset, b_pg_offset;
4615 pt_entry_t *cmap_pte1, *cmap_pte2;
4621 cmap_pte1 = pc->pc_cmap_pte1;
4622 cmap_pte2 = pc->pc_cmap_pte2;
4623 mtx_lock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4624 if (*cmap_pte1 != 0)
4625 panic("pmap_copy_pages: CMAP1 busy");
4626 if (*cmap_pte2 != 0)
4627 panic("pmap_copy_pages: CMAP2 busy");
4628 while (xfersize > 0) {
4629 a_pg = ma[a_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT];
4630 a_pg_offset = a_offset & PAGE_MASK;
4631 cnt = min(xfersize, PAGE_SIZE - a_pg_offset);
4632 b_pg = mb[b_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT];
4633 b_pg_offset = b_offset & PAGE_MASK;
4634 cnt = min(cnt, PAGE_SIZE - b_pg_offset);
4635 *cmap_pte1 = PG_V | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(a_pg) | PG_A |
4636 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, a_pg->md.pat_mode, 0);
4637 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr1);
4638 *cmap_pte2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(b_pg) | PG_A |
4639 PG_M | pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, b_pg->md.pat_mode, 0);
4640 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
4641 a_cp = pc->pc_cmap_addr1 + a_pg_offset;
4642 b_cp = pc->pc_cmap_addr2 + b_pg_offset;
4643 bcopy(a_cp, b_cp, cnt);
4651 mtx_unlock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
4655 * Returns true if the pmap's pv is one of the first
4656 * 16 pvs linked to from this page. This count may
4657 * be changed upwards or downwards in the future; it
4658 * is only necessary that true be returned for a small
4659 * subset of pmaps for proper page aging.
4662 pmap_page_exists_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m)
4664 struct md_page *pvh;
4669 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4670 ("pmap_page_exists_quick: page %p is not managed", m));
4672 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4673 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
4674 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
4682 if (!rv && loops < 16 && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4683 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4684 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
4685 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
4694 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4699 * pmap_page_wired_mappings:
4701 * Return the number of managed mappings to the given physical page
4705 pmap_page_wired_mappings(vm_page_t m)
4710 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
4712 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4713 count = pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(&m->md, count);
4714 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4715 count = pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m)),
4718 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4723 * pmap_pvh_wired_mappings:
4725 * Return the updated number "count" of managed mappings that are wired.
4728 pmap_pvh_wired_mappings(struct md_page *pvh, int count)
4734 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4736 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
4739 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4740 if ((*pte & PG_W) != 0)
4749 * Returns TRUE if the given page is mapped individually or as part of
4750 * a 4mpage. Otherwise, returns FALSE.
4753 pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m)
4757 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
4759 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4760 rv = !TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) ||
4761 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4762 !TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))->pv_list));
4763 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4768 * Remove all pages from specified address space
4769 * this aids process exit speeds. Also, this code
4770 * is special cased for current process only, but
4771 * can have the more generic (and slightly slower)
4772 * mode enabled. This is much faster than pmap_remove
4773 * in the case of running down an entire address space.
4776 pmap_remove_pages(pmap_t pmap)
4778 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
4779 vm_page_t m, mpte, mt;
4781 struct md_page *pvh;
4782 struct pv_chunk *pc, *npc;
4783 struct spglist free;
4786 uint32_t inuse, bitmask;
4789 if (pmap != PCPU_GET(curpmap)) {
4790 printf("warning: pmap_remove_pages called with non-current pmap\n");
4794 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4797 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pc, &pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc_list, npc) {
4798 KASSERT(pc->pc_pmap == pmap, ("Wrong pmap %p %p", pmap,
4801 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
4802 inuse = ~pc->pc_map[field] & pc_freemask[field];
4803 while (inuse != 0) {
4805 bitmask = 1UL << bit;
4806 idx = field * 32 + bit;
4807 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[idx];
4810 pte = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4812 if ((tpte & PG_PS) == 0) {
4813 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4814 tpte = *pte & ~PG_PTE_PAT;
4819 "TPTE at %p IS ZERO @ VA %08x\n",
4825 * We cannot remove wired pages from a process' mapping at this time
4832 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(tpte & PG_FRAME);
4833 KASSERT(m->phys_addr == (tpte & PG_FRAME),
4834 ("vm_page_t %p phys_addr mismatch %016jx %016jx",
4835 m, (uintmax_t)m->phys_addr,
4838 KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
4839 m < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
4840 ("pmap_remove_pages: bad tpte %#jx",
4846 * Update the vm_page_t clean/reference bits.
4848 if ((tpte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
4849 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
4850 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
4857 PV_STAT(pv_entry_frees++);
4858 PV_STAT(pv_entry_spare++);
4860 pc->pc_map[field] |= bitmask;
4861 if ((tpte & PG_PS) != 0) {
4862 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE;
4863 pvh = pa_to_pvh(tpte & PG_PS_FRAME);
4864 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4865 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
4866 for (mt = m; mt < &m[NBPDR / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
4867 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mt->md.pv_list))
4868 vm_page_aflag_clear(mt, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4870 mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4872 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
4873 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == NPTEPG,
4874 ("pmap_remove_pages: pte page wire count error"));
4875 mpte->wire_count = 0;
4876 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, &free, FALSE);
4879 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count--;
4880 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4881 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
4882 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
4883 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4884 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
4885 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
4887 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, &free);
4892 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
4897 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
4898 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4900 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
4906 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was modified
4907 * in any physical maps.
4910 pmap_is_modified(vm_page_t m)
4914 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4915 ("pmap_is_modified: page %p is not managed", m));
4918 * If the page is not exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be
4919 * concurrently set while the object is locked. Thus, if PGA_WRITEABLE
4920 * is clear, no PTEs can have PG_M set.
4922 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
4923 if (!vm_page_xbusied(m) && (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
4925 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4926 rv = pmap_is_modified_pvh(&m->md) ||
4927 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4928 pmap_is_modified_pvh(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))));
4929 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4934 * Returns TRUE if any of the given mappings were used to modify
4935 * physical memory. Otherwise, returns FALSE. Both page and 2mpage
4936 * mappings are supported.
4939 pmap_is_modified_pvh(struct md_page *pvh)
4946 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
4949 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
4952 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4953 rv = (*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW);
4963 * pmap_is_prefaultable:
4965 * Return whether or not the specified virtual address is elgible
4969 pmap_is_prefaultable(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr)
4976 pde = *pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
4977 if (pde != 0 && (pde & PG_PS) == 0)
4978 rv = pmap_pte_ufast(pmap, addr, pde) == 0;
4984 * pmap_is_referenced:
4986 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was referenced
4987 * in any physical maps.
4990 pmap_is_referenced(vm_page_t m)
4994 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4995 ("pmap_is_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
4996 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4997 rv = pmap_is_referenced_pvh(&m->md) ||
4998 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
4999 pmap_is_referenced_pvh(pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))));
5000 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5005 * Returns TRUE if any of the given mappings were referenced and FALSE
5006 * otherwise. Both page and 4mpage mappings are supported.
5009 pmap_is_referenced_pvh(struct md_page *pvh)
5016 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_WLOCKED);
5019 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
5022 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5023 rv = (*pte & (PG_A | PG_V)) == (PG_A | PG_V);
5033 * Clear the write and modified bits in each of the given page's mappings.
5036 pmap_remove_write(vm_page_t m)
5038 struct md_page *pvh;
5039 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
5042 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
5045 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
5046 ("pmap_remove_write: page %p is not managed", m));
5049 * If the page is not exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be
5050 * set by another thread while the object is locked. Thus,
5051 * if PGA_WRITEABLE is clear, no page table entries need updating.
5053 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
5054 if (!vm_page_xbusied(m) && (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
5056 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5058 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
5059 goto small_mappings;
5060 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
5061 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next, next_pv) {
5065 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
5066 if ((*pde & PG_RW) != 0)
5067 (void)pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va);
5071 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
5074 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5075 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_write: found"
5076 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
5077 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5080 if ((oldpte & PG_RW) != 0) {
5082 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
5083 * in size, PG_RW and PG_M are among the least
5084 * significant 32 bits.
5086 if (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, oldpte,
5087 oldpte & ~(PG_RW | PG_M)))
5089 if ((oldpte & PG_M) != 0)
5091 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5095 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
5097 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5101 * pmap_ts_referenced:
5103 * Return a count of reference bits for a page, clearing those bits.
5104 * It is not necessary for every reference bit to be cleared, but it
5105 * is necessary that 0 only be returned when there are truly no
5106 * reference bits set.
5108 * As an optimization, update the page's dirty field if a modified bit is
5109 * found while counting reference bits. This opportunistic update can be
5110 * performed at low cost and can eliminate the need for some future calls
5111 * to pmap_is_modified(). However, since this function stops after
5112 * finding PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX reference bits, it may not detect some
5113 * dirty pages. Those dirty pages will only be detected by a future call
5114 * to pmap_is_modified().
5117 pmap_ts_referenced(vm_page_t m)
5119 struct md_page *pvh;
5127 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
5128 ("pmap_ts_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
5129 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
5130 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
5131 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5133 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
5134 (pvf = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) == NULL)
5135 goto small_mappings;
5140 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5141 if ((*pde & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
5143 * Although "*pde" is mapping a 2/4MB page, because
5144 * this function is called at a 4KB page granularity,
5145 * we only update the 4KB page under test.
5149 if ((*pde & PG_A) != 0) {
5151 * Since this reference bit is shared by either 1024
5152 * or 512 4KB pages, it should not be cleared every
5153 * time it is tested. Apply a simple "hash" function
5154 * on the physical page number, the virtual superpage
5155 * number, and the pmap address to select one 4KB page
5156 * out of the 1024 or 512 on which testing the
5157 * reference bit will result in clearing that bit.
5158 * This function is designed to avoid the selection of
5159 * the same 4KB page for every 2- or 4MB page mapping.
5161 * On demotion, a mapping that hasn't been referenced
5162 * is simply destroyed. To avoid the possibility of a
5163 * subsequent page fault on a demoted wired mapping,
5164 * always leave its reference bit set. Moreover,
5165 * since the superpage is wired, the current state of
5166 * its reference bit won't affect page replacement.
5168 if ((((pa >> PAGE_SHIFT) ^ (pv->pv_va >> PDRSHIFT) ^
5169 (uintptr_t)pmap) & (NPTEPG - 1)) == 0 &&
5170 (*pde & PG_W) == 0) {
5171 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pde, PG_A);
5172 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5177 /* Rotate the PV list if it has more than one entry. */
5178 if (TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_next) != NULL) {
5179 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
5180 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
5182 if (rtval >= PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX)
5184 } while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != pvf);
5186 if ((pvf = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) == NULL)
5192 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5193 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0,
5194 ("pmap_ts_referenced: found a 4mpage in page %p's pv list",
5196 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5197 if ((*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
5199 if ((*pte & PG_A) != 0) {
5200 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_A);
5201 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5205 /* Rotate the PV list if it has more than one entry. */
5206 if (TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_next) != NULL) {
5207 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
5208 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
5210 } while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != pvf && rtval <
5211 PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX);
5214 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5219 * Apply the given advice to the specified range of addresses within the
5220 * given pmap. Depending on the advice, clear the referenced and/or
5221 * modified flags in each mapping and set the mapped page's dirty field.
5224 pmap_advise(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, int advice)
5226 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
5228 vm_offset_t va, pdnxt;
5230 boolean_t anychanged, pv_lists_locked;
5232 if (advice != MADV_DONTNEED && advice != MADV_FREE)
5234 if (pmap_is_current(pmap))
5235 pv_lists_locked = FALSE;
5237 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
5239 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5244 for (; sva < eva; sva = pdnxt) {
5245 pdnxt = (sva + NBPDR) & ~PDRMASK;
5248 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, sva);
5250 if ((oldpde & PG_V) == 0)
5252 else if ((oldpde & PG_PS) != 0) {
5253 if ((oldpde & PG_MANAGED) == 0)
5255 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
5256 pv_lists_locked = TRUE;
5257 if (!rw_try_wlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
5259 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
5265 if (!pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, sva)) {
5267 * The large page mapping was destroyed.
5273 * Unless the page mappings are wired, remove the
5274 * mapping to a single page so that a subsequent
5275 * access may repromote. Since the underlying page
5276 * table page is fully populated, this removal never
5277 * frees a page table page.
5279 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
5280 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva);
5281 KASSERT((*pte & PG_V) != 0,
5282 ("pmap_advise: invalid PTE"));
5283 pmap_remove_pte(pmap, pte, sva, NULL);
5290 for (pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, sva); sva != pdnxt; pte++,
5292 if ((*pte & (PG_MANAGED | PG_V)) != (PG_MANAGED | PG_V))
5294 else if ((*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
5295 if (advice == MADV_DONTNEED) {
5297 * Future calls to pmap_is_modified()
5298 * can be avoided by making the page
5301 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(*pte & PG_FRAME);
5304 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_M | PG_A);
5305 } else if ((*pte & PG_A) != 0)
5306 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_A);
5309 if ((*pte & PG_G) != 0) {
5317 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, va, sva);
5322 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, va, sva);
5325 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
5326 if (pv_lists_locked) {
5328 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5334 * Clear the modify bits on the specified physical page.
5337 pmap_clear_modify(vm_page_t m)
5339 struct md_page *pvh;
5340 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
5342 pd_entry_t oldpde, *pde;
5343 pt_entry_t oldpte, *pte;
5346 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
5347 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is not managed", m));
5348 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
5349 KASSERT(!vm_page_xbusied(m),
5350 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is exclusive busied", m));
5353 * If the page is not PGA_WRITEABLE, then no PTEs can have PG_M set.
5354 * If the object containing the page is locked and the page is not
5355 * exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be concurrently set.
5357 if ((m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
5359 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5361 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
5362 goto small_mappings;
5363 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
5364 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next, next_pv) {
5368 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, va);
5370 if ((oldpde & PG_RW) != 0) {
5371 if (pmap_demote_pde(pmap, pde, va)) {
5372 if ((oldpde & PG_W) == 0) {
5374 * Write protect the mapping to a
5375 * single page so that a subsequent
5376 * write access may repromote.
5378 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) - (oldpde &
5380 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, va);
5382 if ((oldpte & PG_V) != 0) {
5384 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
5385 * in size, PG_RW and PG_M are among the least
5386 * significant 32 bits.
5388 while (!atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte,
5390 oldpte & ~(PG_M | PG_RW)))
5393 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
5401 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
5404 pde = pmap_pde(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5405 KASSERT((*pde & PG_PS) == 0, ("pmap_clear_modify: found"
5406 " a 4mpage in page %p's pv list", m));
5407 pte = pmap_pte_quick(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5408 if ((*pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW)) {
5410 * Regardless of whether a pte is 32 or 64 bits
5411 * in size, PG_M is among the least significant
5414 atomic_clear_int((u_int *)pte, PG_M);
5415 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
5420 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
5424 * Miscellaneous support routines follow
5427 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 4KB page mapped via a PTE. */
5428 static __inline void
5429 pmap_pte_attr(pt_entry_t *pte, int cache_bits)
5434 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
5435 * PTE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
5438 opte = *(u_int *)pte;
5439 npte = opte & ~PG_PTE_CACHE;
5441 } while (npte != opte && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pte, opte, npte));
5444 /* Adjust the cache mode for a 2/4MB page mapped via a PDE. */
5445 static __inline void
5446 pmap_pde_attr(pd_entry_t *pde, int cache_bits)
5451 * The cache mode bits are all in the low 32-bits of the
5452 * PDE, so we can just spin on updating the low 32-bits.
5455 opde = *(u_int *)pde;
5456 npde = opde & ~PG_PDE_CACHE;
5458 } while (npde != opde && !atomic_cmpset_int((u_int *)pde, opde, npde));
5462 * Map a set of physical memory pages into the kernel virtual
5463 * address space. Return a pointer to where it is mapped. This
5464 * routine is intended to be used for mapping device memory,
5468 pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size, int mode)
5470 struct pmap_preinit_mapping *ppim;
5471 vm_offset_t va, offset;
5475 offset = pa & PAGE_MASK;
5476 size = round_page(offset + size);
5479 if (pa < PMAP_MAP_LOW && pa + size <= PMAP_MAP_LOW)
5480 va = pa + PMAP_MAP_LOW;
5481 else if (!pmap_initialized) {
5483 for (i = 0; i < PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT; i++) {
5484 ppim = pmap_preinit_mapping + i;
5485 if (ppim->va == 0) {
5489 ppim->va = virtual_avail;
5490 virtual_avail += size;
5496 panic("%s: too many preinit mappings", __func__);
5499 * If we have a preinit mapping, re-use it.
5501 for (i = 0; i < PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT; i++) {
5502 ppim = pmap_preinit_mapping + i;
5503 if (ppim->pa == pa && ppim->sz == size &&
5505 return ((void *)(ppim->va + offset));
5507 va = kva_alloc(size);
5509 panic("%s: Couldn't allocate KVA", __func__);
5511 for (tmpsize = 0; tmpsize < size; tmpsize += PAGE_SIZE)
5512 pmap_kenter_attr(va + tmpsize, pa + tmpsize, mode);
5513 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, va, va + tmpsize);
5514 pmap_invalidate_cache_range(va, va + size);
5515 return ((void *)(va + offset));
5519 pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
5522 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_UNCACHEABLE));
5526 pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
5529 return (pmap_mapdev_attr(pa, size, PAT_WRITE_BACK));
5533 pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size)
5535 struct pmap_preinit_mapping *ppim;
5539 if (va >= PMAP_MAP_LOW && va <= KERNBASE && va + size <= KERNBASE)
5541 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
5542 size = round_page(offset + size);
5543 va = trunc_page(va);
5544 for (i = 0; i < PMAP_PREINIT_MAPPING_COUNT; i++) {
5545 ppim = pmap_preinit_mapping + i;
5546 if (ppim->va == va && ppim->sz == size) {
5547 if (pmap_initialized)
5553 if (va + size == virtual_avail)
5558 if (pmap_initialized)
5563 * Sets the memory attribute for the specified page.
5566 pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma)
5569 m->md.pat_mode = ma;
5570 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0)
5574 * If "m" is a normal page, flush it from the cache.
5575 * See pmap_invalidate_cache_range().
5577 * First, try to find an existing mapping of the page by sf
5578 * buffer. sf_buf_invalidate_cache() modifies mapping and
5579 * flushes the cache.
5581 if (sf_buf_invalidate_cache(m))
5585 * If page is not mapped by sf buffer, but CPU does not
5586 * support self snoop, map the page transient and do
5587 * invalidation. In the worst case, whole cache is flushed by
5588 * pmap_invalidate_cache_range().
5590 if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_SS) == 0)
5595 pmap_flush_page(vm_page_t m)
5597 pt_entry_t *cmap_pte2;
5599 vm_offset_t sva, eva;
5602 useclflushopt = (cpu_stdext_feature & CPUID_STDEXT_CLFLUSHOPT) != 0;
5603 if (useclflushopt || (cpu_feature & CPUID_CLFSH) != 0) {
5606 cmap_pte2 = pc->pc_cmap_pte2;
5607 mtx_lock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
5609 panic("pmap_flush_page: CMAP2 busy");
5610 *cmap_pte2 = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) |
5611 PG_A | PG_M | pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, m->md.pat_mode,
5613 invlcaddr(pc->pc_cmap_addr2);
5614 sva = (vm_offset_t)pc->pc_cmap_addr2;
5615 eva = sva + PAGE_SIZE;
5618 * Use mfence or sfence despite the ordering implied by
5619 * mtx_{un,}lock() because clflush on non-Intel CPUs
5620 * and clflushopt are not guaranteed to be ordered by
5621 * any other instruction.
5625 else if (cpu_vendor_id != CPU_VENDOR_INTEL)
5627 for (; sva < eva; sva += cpu_clflush_line_size) {
5635 else if (cpu_vendor_id != CPU_VENDOR_INTEL)
5639 mtx_unlock(&pc->pc_cmap_lock);
5641 pmap_invalidate_cache();
5645 * Changes the specified virtual address range's memory type to that given by
5646 * the parameter "mode". The specified virtual address range must be
5647 * completely contained within either the kernel map.
5649 * Returns zero if the change completed successfully, and either EINVAL or
5650 * ENOMEM if the change failed. Specifically, EINVAL is returned if some part
5651 * of the virtual address range was not mapped, and ENOMEM is returned if
5652 * there was insufficient memory available to complete the change.
5655 pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t size, int mode)
5657 vm_offset_t base, offset, tmpva;
5660 int cache_bits_pte, cache_bits_pde;
5663 base = trunc_page(va);
5664 offset = va & PAGE_MASK;
5665 size = round_page(offset + size);
5668 * Only supported on kernel virtual addresses above the recursive map.
5670 if (base < VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS)
5673 cache_bits_pde = pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, mode, 1);
5674 cache_bits_pte = pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, mode, 0);
5678 * Pages that aren't mapped aren't supported. Also break down
5679 * 2/4MB pages into 4KB pages if required.
5681 PMAP_LOCK(kernel_pmap);
5682 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < base + size; ) {
5683 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
5685 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5690 * If the current 2/4MB page already has
5691 * the required memory type, then we need not
5692 * demote this page. Just increment tmpva to
5693 * the next 2/4MB page frame.
5695 if ((*pde & PG_PDE_CACHE) == cache_bits_pde) {
5696 tmpva = trunc_4mpage(tmpva) + NBPDR;
5701 * If the current offset aligns with a 2/4MB
5702 * page frame and there is at least 2/4MB left
5703 * within the range, then we need not break
5704 * down this page into 4KB pages.
5706 if ((tmpva & PDRMASK) == 0 &&
5707 tmpva + PDRMASK < base + size) {
5711 if (!pmap_demote_pde(kernel_pmap, pde, tmpva)) {
5712 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5716 pte = vtopte(tmpva);
5718 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5723 PMAP_UNLOCK(kernel_pmap);
5726 * Ok, all the pages exist, so run through them updating their
5727 * cache mode if required.
5729 for (tmpva = base; tmpva < base + size; ) {
5730 pde = pmap_pde(kernel_pmap, tmpva);
5732 if ((*pde & PG_PDE_CACHE) != cache_bits_pde) {
5733 pmap_pde_attr(pde, cache_bits_pde);
5736 tmpva = trunc_4mpage(tmpva) + NBPDR;
5738 pte = vtopte(tmpva);
5739 if ((*pte & PG_PTE_CACHE) != cache_bits_pte) {
5740 pmap_pte_attr(pte, cache_bits_pte);
5748 * Flush CPU caches to make sure any data isn't cached that
5749 * shouldn't be, etc.
5752 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, base, tmpva);
5753 pmap_invalidate_cache_range(base, tmpva);
5759 * perform the pmap work for mincore
5762 pmap_mincore(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_paddr_t *locked_pa)
5771 pde = *pmap_pde(pmap, addr);
5773 if ((pde & PG_PS) != 0) {
5775 /* Compute the physical address of the 4KB page. */
5776 pa = ((pde & PG_PS_FRAME) | (addr & PDRMASK)) &
5778 val = MINCORE_SUPER;
5780 pte = pmap_pte_ufast(pmap, addr, pde);
5781 pa = pte & PG_FRAME;
5789 if ((pte & PG_V) != 0) {
5790 val |= MINCORE_INCORE;
5791 if ((pte & (PG_M | PG_RW)) == (PG_M | PG_RW))
5792 val |= MINCORE_MODIFIED | MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
5793 if ((pte & PG_A) != 0)
5794 val |= MINCORE_REFERENCED | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
5796 if ((val & (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER)) !=
5797 (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER) &&
5798 (pte & (PG_MANAGED | PG_V)) == (PG_MANAGED | PG_V)) {
5799 /* Ensure that "PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa)->object" doesn't change. */
5800 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, pa, locked_pa))
5803 PA_UNLOCK_COND(*locked_pa);
5809 pmap_activate(struct thread *td)
5811 pmap_t pmap, oldpmap;
5816 pmap = vmspace_pmap(td->td_proc->p_vmspace);
5817 oldpmap = PCPU_GET(curpmap);
5818 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
5820 CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(cpuid, &oldpmap->pm_active);
5821 CPU_SET_ATOMIC(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5823 CPU_CLR(cpuid, &oldpmap->pm_active);
5824 CPU_SET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5826 #if defined(PAE) || defined(PAE_TABLES)
5827 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdpt);
5829 cr3 = vtophys(pmap->pm_pdir);
5832 * pmap_activate is for the current thread on the current cpu
5834 td->td_pcb->pcb_cr3 = cr3;
5835 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
5840 pmap_activate_boot(pmap_t pmap)
5844 cpuid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
5846 CPU_SET_ATOMIC(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5848 CPU_SET(cpuid, &pmap->pm_active);
5850 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
5854 pmap_sync_icache(pmap_t pm, vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t sz)
5859 * Increase the starting virtual address of the given mapping if a
5860 * different alignment might result in more superpage mappings.
5863 pmap_align_superpage(vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset,
5864 vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size)
5866 vm_offset_t superpage_offset;
5870 if (object != NULL && (object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) != 0)
5871 offset += ptoa(object->pg_color);
5872 superpage_offset = offset & PDRMASK;
5873 if (size - ((NBPDR - superpage_offset) & PDRMASK) < NBPDR ||
5874 (*addr & PDRMASK) == superpage_offset)
5876 if ((*addr & PDRMASK) < superpage_offset)
5877 *addr = (*addr & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
5879 *addr = ((*addr + PDRMASK) & ~PDRMASK) + superpage_offset;
5883 pmap_quick_enter_page(vm_page_t m)
5889 qaddr = PCPU_GET(qmap_addr);
5890 pte = vtopte(qaddr);
5892 KASSERT(*pte == 0, ("pmap_quick_enter_page: PTE busy"));
5893 *pte = PG_V | PG_RW | VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) | PG_A | PG_M |
5894 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, pmap_page_get_memattr(m), 0);
5901 pmap_quick_remove_page(vm_offset_t addr)
5906 qaddr = PCPU_GET(qmap_addr);
5907 pte = vtopte(qaddr);
5909 KASSERT(*pte != 0, ("pmap_quick_remove_page: PTE not in use"));
5910 KASSERT(addr == qaddr, ("pmap_quick_remove_page: invalid address"));
5916 static vmem_t *pmap_trm_arena;
5917 static vmem_addr_t pmap_trm_arena_last = PMAP_TRM_MIN_ADDRESS;
5918 static int trm_guard = PAGE_SIZE;
5921 pmap_trm_import(void *unused __unused, vmem_size_t size, int flags,
5925 vmem_addr_t af, addr, prev_addr;
5926 pt_entry_t *trm_pte;
5928 prev_addr = atomic_load_long(&pmap_trm_arena_last);
5929 size = round_page(size) + trm_guard;
5931 if (prev_addr + size < prev_addr || prev_addr + size < size ||
5932 prev_addr + size > PMAP_TRM_MAX_ADDRESS)
5934 addr = prev_addr + size;
5935 if (atomic_fcmpset_int(&pmap_trm_arena_last, &prev_addr, addr))
5938 prev_addr += trm_guard;
5939 trm_pte = PTmap + atop(prev_addr);
5940 for (af = prev_addr; af < addr; af += PAGE_SIZE) {
5941 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_NOBUSY |
5942 VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_WAITOK);
5943 pte_store(&trm_pte[atop(af - prev_addr)], VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) |
5944 PG_M | PG_A | PG_RW | PG_V | pgeflag |
5945 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT, FALSE));
5952 void pmap_init_trm(void)
5956 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("machdep.trm_guard", &trm_guard);
5957 if ((trm_guard & PAGE_MASK) != 0)
5959 pmap_trm_arena = vmem_create("i386trampoline", 0, 0, 1, 0, M_WAITOK);
5960 vmem_set_import(pmap_trm_arena, pmap_trm_import, NULL, NULL, PAGE_SIZE);
5961 pd_m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_NOBUSY |
5962 VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_WAITOK | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
5963 if ((pd_m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
5964 pmap_zero_page(pd_m);
5965 PTD[TRPTDI] = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pd_m) | PG_M | PG_A | PG_RW | PG_V |
5966 pmap_cache_bits(kernel_pmap, VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT, TRUE);
5970 pmap_trm_alloc(size_t size, int flags)
5975 MPASS((flags & ~(M_WAITOK | M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO)) == 0);
5976 error = vmem_xalloc(pmap_trm_arena, roundup2(size, 4), sizeof(int),
5977 0, 0, VMEM_ADDR_MIN, VMEM_ADDR_MAX, flags | M_FIRSTFIT, &res);
5980 if ((flags & M_ZERO) != 0)
5981 bzero((void *)res, size);
5982 return ((void *)res);
5986 pmap_trm_free(void *addr, size_t size)
5989 vmem_free(pmap_trm_arena, (uintptr_t)addr, roundup2(size, 4));
5992 #if defined(PMAP_DEBUG)
5993 pmap_pid_dump(int pid)
6000 sx_slock(&allproc_lock);
6001 FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
6002 if (p->p_pid != pid)
6008 pmap = vmspace_pmap(p->p_vmspace);
6009 for (i = 0; i < NPDEPTD; i++) {
6012 vm_offset_t base = i << PDRSHIFT;
6014 pde = &pmap->pm_pdir[i];
6015 if (pde && pmap_pde_v(pde)) {
6016 for (j = 0; j < NPTEPG; j++) {
6017 vm_offset_t va = base + (j << PAGE_SHIFT);
6018 if (va >= (vm_offset_t) VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS) {
6023 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);
6026 pte = pmap_pte(pmap, va);
6027 if (pte && pmap_pte_v(pte)) {
6031 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa & PG_FRAME);
6032 printf("va: 0x%x, pt: 0x%x, h: %d, w: %d, f: 0x%x",
6033 va, pa, m->hold_count, m->wire_count, m->flags);
6048 sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);