2 * Copyright (c) 2001 Jake Burkholder <jake@FreeBSD.org>
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 #include "opt_sched.h"
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/systm.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
39 #include <sys/mutex.h>
41 #include <sys/queue.h>
42 #include <sys/sched.h>
44 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
46 #include <machine/cpu.h>
48 /* Uncomment this to enable logging of critical_enter/exit. */
50 #define KTR_CRITICAL KTR_SCHED
52 #define KTR_CRITICAL 0
55 #ifdef FULL_PREEMPTION
57 #error "The FULL_PREEMPTION option requires the PREEMPTION option"
61 CTASSERT((RQB_BPW * RQB_LEN) == RQ_NQS);
64 * kern.sched.preemption allows user space to determine if preemption support
65 * is compiled in or not. It is not currently a boot or runtime flag that
69 static int kern_sched_preemption = 1;
71 static int kern_sched_preemption = 0;
73 SYSCTL_INT(_kern_sched, OID_AUTO, preemption, CTLFLAG_RD,
74 &kern_sched_preemption, 0, "Kernel preemption enabled");
77 * Support for scheduler stats exported via kern.sched.stats. All stats may
78 * be reset with kern.sched.stats.reset = 1. Stats may be defined elsewhere
79 * with SCHED_STAT_DEFINE().
82 SYSCTL_NODE(_kern_sched, OID_AUTO, stats, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "switch stats");
84 /* Switch reasons from mi_switch(). */
85 DPCPU_DEFINE(long, sched_switch_stats[SWT_COUNT]);
86 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(uncategorized,
87 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_NONE]), "");
88 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(preempt,
89 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_PREEMPT]), "");
90 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(owepreempt,
91 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_OWEPREEMPT]), "");
92 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(turnstile,
93 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_TURNSTILE]), "");
94 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(sleepq,
95 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_SLEEPQ]), "");
96 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(sleepqtimo,
97 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_SLEEPQTIMO]), "");
98 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(relinquish,
99 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_RELINQUISH]), "");
100 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(needresched,
101 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_NEEDRESCHED]), "");
102 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(idle,
103 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_IDLE]), "");
104 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(iwait,
105 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_IWAIT]), "");
106 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(suspend,
107 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_SUSPEND]), "");
108 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(remotepreempt,
109 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_REMOTEPREEMPT]), "");
110 SCHED_STAT_DEFINE_VAR(remotewakeidle,
111 &DPCPU_NAME(sched_switch_stats[SWT_REMOTEWAKEIDLE]), "");
114 sysctl_stats_reset(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
116 struct sysctl_oid *p;
123 error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
124 if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
129 * Traverse the list of children of _kern_sched_stats and reset each
130 * to 0. Skip the reset entry.
132 SLIST_FOREACH(p, oidp->oid_parent, oid_link) {
133 if (p == oidp || p->oid_arg1 == NULL)
135 counter = (uintptr_t)p->oid_arg1;
136 for (i = 0; i <= mp_maxid; i++) {
139 *(long *)(dpcpu_off[i] + counter) = 0;
145 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern_sched_stats, OID_AUTO, reset, CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_WR, NULL,
146 0, sysctl_stats_reset, "I", "Reset scheduler statistics");
149 /************************************************************************
150 * Functions that manipulate runnability from a thread perspective. *
151 ************************************************************************/
153 * Select the thread that will be run next.
164 * If we are in panic, only allow system threads,
165 * plus the one we are running in, to be run.
167 if (panicstr && ((td->td_proc->p_flag & P_SYSTEM) == 0 &&
168 (td->td_flags & TDF_INPANIC) == 0)) {
169 /* note that it is no longer on the run queue */
179 * Kernel thread preemption implementation. Critical sections mark
180 * regions of code in which preemptions are not allowed.
189 CTR4(KTR_CRITICAL, "critical_enter by thread %p (%ld, %s) to %d", td,
190 (long)td->td_proc->p_pid, td->td_name, td->td_critnest);
200 KASSERT(td->td_critnest != 0,
201 ("critical_exit: td_critnest == 0"));
203 if (td->td_critnest == 1) {
205 if (td->td_owepreempt) {
209 flags = SW_INVOL | SW_PREEMPT;
210 if (TD_IS_IDLETHREAD(td))
213 flags |= SWT_OWEPREEMPT;
214 mi_switch(flags, NULL);
220 CTR4(KTR_CRITICAL, "critical_exit by thread %p (%ld, %s) to %d", td,
221 (long)td->td_proc->p_pid, td->td_name, td->td_critnest);
224 /************************************************************************
225 * SYSTEM RUN QUEUE manipulations and tests *
226 ************************************************************************/
228 * Initialize a run structure.
231 runq_init(struct runq *rq)
235 bzero(rq, sizeof *rq);
236 for (i = 0; i < RQ_NQS; i++)
237 TAILQ_INIT(&rq->rq_queues[i]);
241 * Clear the status bit of the queue corresponding to priority level pri,
242 * indicating that it is empty.
245 runq_clrbit(struct runq *rq, int pri)
249 rqb = &rq->rq_status;
250 CTR4(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_clrbit: bits=%#x %#x bit=%#x word=%d",
251 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)],
252 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)] & ~RQB_BIT(pri),
253 RQB_BIT(pri), RQB_WORD(pri));
254 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)] &= ~RQB_BIT(pri);
258 * Find the index of the first non-empty run queue. This is done by
259 * scanning the status bits, a set bit indicates a non-empty queue.
262 runq_findbit(struct runq *rq)
268 rqb = &rq->rq_status;
269 for (i = 0; i < RQB_LEN; i++)
270 if (rqb->rqb_bits[i]) {
271 pri = RQB_FFS(rqb->rqb_bits[i]) + (i << RQB_L2BPW);
272 CTR3(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_findbit: bits=%#x i=%d pri=%d",
273 rqb->rqb_bits[i], i, pri);
281 runq_findbit_from(struct runq *rq, u_char pri)
288 * Set the mask for the first word so we ignore priorities before 'pri'.
290 mask = (rqb_word_t)-1 << (pri & (RQB_BPW - 1));
291 rqb = &rq->rq_status;
293 for (i = RQB_WORD(pri); i < RQB_LEN; mask = -1, i++) {
294 mask = rqb->rqb_bits[i] & mask;
297 pri = RQB_FFS(mask) + (i << RQB_L2BPW);
298 CTR3(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_findbit_from: bits=%#x i=%d pri=%d",
305 * Wrap back around to the beginning of the list just once so we
306 * scan the whole thing.
313 * Set the status bit of the queue corresponding to priority level pri,
314 * indicating that it is non-empty.
317 runq_setbit(struct runq *rq, int pri)
321 rqb = &rq->rq_status;
322 CTR4(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_setbit: bits=%#x %#x bit=%#x word=%d",
323 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)],
324 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)] | RQB_BIT(pri),
325 RQB_BIT(pri), RQB_WORD(pri));
326 rqb->rqb_bits[RQB_WORD(pri)] |= RQB_BIT(pri);
330 * Add the thread to the queue specified by its priority, and set the
331 * corresponding status bit.
334 runq_add(struct runq *rq, struct thread *td, int flags)
339 pri = td->td_priority / RQ_PPQ;
340 td->td_rqindex = pri;
341 runq_setbit(rq, pri);
342 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
343 CTR4(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_add: td=%p pri=%d %d rqh=%p",
344 td, td->td_priority, pri, rqh);
345 if (flags & SRQ_PREEMPTED) {
346 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(rqh, td, td_runq);
348 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(rqh, td, td_runq);
353 runq_add_pri(struct runq *rq, struct thread *td, u_char pri, int flags)
357 KASSERT(pri < RQ_NQS, ("runq_add_pri: %d out of range", pri));
358 td->td_rqindex = pri;
359 runq_setbit(rq, pri);
360 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
361 CTR4(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_add_pri: td=%p pri=%d idx=%d rqh=%p",
362 td, td->td_priority, pri, rqh);
363 if (flags & SRQ_PREEMPTED) {
364 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(rqh, td, td_runq);
366 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(rqh, td, td_runq);
370 * Return true if there are runnable processes of any priority on the run
371 * queue, false otherwise. Has no side effects, does not modify the run
375 runq_check(struct runq *rq)
380 rqb = &rq->rq_status;
381 for (i = 0; i < RQB_LEN; i++)
382 if (rqb->rqb_bits[i]) {
383 CTR2(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_check: bits=%#x i=%d",
384 rqb->rqb_bits[i], i);
387 CTR0(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_check: empty");
393 * Find the highest priority process on the run queue.
396 runq_choose_fuzz(struct runq *rq, int fuzz)
402 while ((pri = runq_findbit(rq)) != -1) {
403 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
404 /* fuzz == 1 is normal.. 0 or less are ignored */
407 * In the first couple of entries, check if
408 * there is one for our CPU as a preference.
411 int cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
413 td2 = td = TAILQ_FIRST(rqh);
415 while (count-- && td2) {
416 if (td2->td_lastcpu == cpu) {
420 td2 = TAILQ_NEXT(td2, td_runq);
423 td = TAILQ_FIRST(rqh);
424 KASSERT(td != NULL, ("runq_choose_fuzz: no proc on busy queue"));
426 "runq_choose_fuzz: pri=%d thread=%p rqh=%p", pri, td, rqh);
429 CTR1(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_choose_fuzz: idleproc pri=%d", pri);
435 * Find the highest priority process on the run queue.
438 runq_choose(struct runq *rq)
444 while ((pri = runq_findbit(rq)) != -1) {
445 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
446 td = TAILQ_FIRST(rqh);
447 KASSERT(td != NULL, ("runq_choose: no thread on busy queue"));
449 "runq_choose: pri=%d thread=%p rqh=%p", pri, td, rqh);
452 CTR1(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_choose: idlethread pri=%d", pri);
458 runq_choose_from(struct runq *rq, u_char idx)
464 if ((pri = runq_findbit_from(rq, idx)) != -1) {
465 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
466 td = TAILQ_FIRST(rqh);
467 KASSERT(td != NULL, ("runq_choose: no thread on busy queue"));
469 "runq_choose_from: pri=%d thread=%p idx=%d rqh=%p",
470 pri, td, td->td_rqindex, rqh);
473 CTR1(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_choose_from: idlethread pri=%d", pri);
478 * Remove the thread from the queue specified by its priority, and clear the
479 * corresponding status bit if the queue becomes empty.
480 * Caller must set state afterwards.
483 runq_remove(struct runq *rq, struct thread *td)
486 runq_remove_idx(rq, td, NULL);
490 runq_remove_idx(struct runq *rq, struct thread *td, u_char *idx)
495 KASSERT(td->td_flags & TDF_INMEM,
496 ("runq_remove_idx: thread swapped out"));
497 pri = td->td_rqindex;
498 KASSERT(pri < RQ_NQS, ("runq_remove_idx: Invalid index %d\n", pri));
499 rqh = &rq->rq_queues[pri];
500 CTR4(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_remove_idx: td=%p, pri=%d %d rqh=%p",
501 td, td->td_priority, pri, rqh);
502 TAILQ_REMOVE(rqh, td, td_runq);
503 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(rqh)) {
504 CTR0(KTR_RUNQ, "runq_remove_idx: empty");
505 runq_clrbit(rq, pri);
506 if (idx != NULL && *idx == pri)
507 *idx = (pri + 1) % RQ_NQS;