2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
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36 * From: @(#)kern_clock.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
42 #include "opt_callout_profiling.h"
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
49 #include <sys/callout.h>
50 #include <sys/domainset.h>
52 #include <sys/interrupt.h>
53 #include <sys/kernel.h>
56 #include <sys/malloc.h>
57 #include <sys/mutex.h>
60 #include <sys/sleepqueue.h>
61 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
66 #include <ddb/db_sym.h>
67 #include <machine/_inttypes.h>
71 #include <machine/cpu.h>
74 DPCPU_DECLARE(sbintime_t, hardclocktime);
76 SDT_PROVIDER_DEFINE(callout_execute);
77 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(callout_execute, , , callout__start, "struct callout *");
78 SDT_PROBE_DEFINE1(callout_execute, , , callout__end, "struct callout *");
80 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
82 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_depth, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_depth, 0,
83 "Average number of items examined per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
84 static int avg_gcalls;
85 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_gcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_gcalls, 0,
86 "Average number of Giant callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
87 static int avg_lockcalls;
88 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_lockcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_lockcalls, 0,
89 "Average number of lock callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
90 static int avg_mpcalls;
91 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_mpcalls, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_mpcalls, 0,
92 "Average number of MP callouts made per softclock call. Units = 1/1000");
93 static int avg_depth_dir;
94 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_depth_dir, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_depth_dir, 0,
95 "Average number of direct callouts examined per callout_process call. "
97 static int avg_lockcalls_dir;
98 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_lockcalls_dir, CTLFLAG_RD,
99 &avg_lockcalls_dir, 0, "Average number of lock direct callouts made per "
100 "callout_process call. Units = 1/1000");
101 static int avg_mpcalls_dir;
102 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, to_avg_mpcalls_dir, CTLFLAG_RD, &avg_mpcalls_dir,
103 0, "Average number of MP direct callouts made per callout_process call. "
108 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, ncallout, CTLFLAG_RDTUN | CTLFLAG_NOFETCH, &ncallout, 0,
109 "Number of entries in callwheel and size of timeout() preallocation");
112 static int pin_default_swi = 1;
113 static int pin_pcpu_swi = 1;
115 static int pin_default_swi = 0;
116 static int pin_pcpu_swi = 0;
119 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, pin_default_swi, CTLFLAG_RDTUN | CTLFLAG_NOFETCH, &pin_default_swi,
120 0, "Pin the default (non-per-cpu) swi (shared with PCPU 0 swi)");
121 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, pin_pcpu_swi, CTLFLAG_RDTUN | CTLFLAG_NOFETCH, &pin_pcpu_swi,
122 0, "Pin the per-CPU swis (except PCPU 0, which is also default)");
126 * allocate more timeout table slots when table overflows.
128 static u_int __read_mostly callwheelsize;
129 static u_int __read_mostly callwheelmask;
132 * The callout cpu exec entities represent informations necessary for
133 * describing the state of callouts currently running on the CPU and the ones
134 * necessary for migrating callouts to the new callout cpu. In particular,
135 * the first entry of the array cc_exec_entity holds informations for callout
136 * running in SWI thread context, while the second one holds informations
137 * for callout running directly from hardware interrupt context.
138 * The cached informations are very important for deferring migration when
139 * the migrating callout is already running.
142 struct callout *cc_curr;
143 callout_func_t *cc_drain;
147 callout_func_t *ce_migration_func;
148 void *ce_migration_arg;
149 sbintime_t ce_migration_time;
150 sbintime_t ce_migration_prec;
151 int ce_migration_cpu;
158 * There is one struct callout_cpu per cpu, holding all relevant
159 * state for the callout processing thread on the individual CPU.
162 struct mtx_padalign cc_lock;
163 struct cc_exec cc_exec_entity[2];
164 struct callout *cc_next;
165 struct callout_list *cc_callwheel;
166 struct callout_tailq cc_expireq;
167 sbintime_t cc_firstevent;
168 sbintime_t cc_lastscan;
173 char cc_ktr_event_name[20];
177 #define callout_migrating(c) ((c)->c_iflags & CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION)
179 #define cc_exec_curr(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_curr
180 #define cc_exec_last_func(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_last_func
181 #define cc_exec_last_arg(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_last_arg
182 #define cc_exec_drain(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_drain
183 #define cc_exec_next(cc) cc->cc_next
184 #define cc_exec_cancel(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_cancel
185 #define cc_exec_waiting(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].cc_waiting
187 #define cc_migration_func(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].ce_migration_func
188 #define cc_migration_arg(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].ce_migration_arg
189 #define cc_migration_cpu(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].ce_migration_cpu
190 #define cc_migration_time(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].ce_migration_time
191 #define cc_migration_prec(cc, dir) cc->cc_exec_entity[dir].ce_migration_prec
193 static struct callout_cpu cc_cpu[MAXCPU];
194 #define CPUBLOCK MAXCPU
195 #define CC_CPU(cpu) (&cc_cpu[(cpu)])
196 #define CC_SELF() CC_CPU(PCPU_GET(cpuid))
198 static struct callout_cpu cc_cpu;
199 #define CC_CPU(cpu) (&cc_cpu)
200 #define CC_SELF() (&cc_cpu)
202 #define CC_LOCK(cc) mtx_lock_spin(&(cc)->cc_lock)
203 #define CC_UNLOCK(cc) mtx_unlock_spin(&(cc)->cc_lock)
204 #define CC_LOCK_ASSERT(cc) mtx_assert(&(cc)->cc_lock, MA_OWNED)
206 static int __read_mostly cc_default_cpu;
208 static void callout_cpu_init(struct callout_cpu *cc, int cpu);
209 static void softclock_call_cc(struct callout *c, struct callout_cpu *cc,
210 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
211 int *mpcalls, int *lockcalls, int *gcalls,
215 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_CALLOUT, "callout", "Callout datastructures");
219 * cc_curr - If a callout is in progress, it is cc_curr.
220 * If cc_curr is non-NULL, threads waiting in
221 * callout_drain() will be woken up as soon as the
222 * relevant callout completes.
223 * cc_cancel - Changing to 1 with both callout_lock and cc_lock held
224 * guarantees that the current callout will not run.
225 * The softclock() function sets this to 0 before it
226 * drops callout_lock to acquire c_lock, and it calls
227 * the handler only if curr_cancelled is still 0 after
228 * cc_lock is successfully acquired.
229 * cc_waiting - If a thread is waiting in callout_drain(), then
230 * callout_wait is nonzero. Set only when
231 * cc_curr is non-NULL.
235 * Resets the execution entity tied to a specific callout cpu.
238 cc_cce_cleanup(struct callout_cpu *cc, int direct)
241 cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) = NULL;
242 cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) = false;
243 cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct) = false;
245 cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) = CPUBLOCK;
246 cc_migration_time(cc, direct) = 0;
247 cc_migration_prec(cc, direct) = 0;
248 cc_migration_func(cc, direct) = NULL;
249 cc_migration_arg(cc, direct) = NULL;
254 * Checks if migration is requested by a specific callout cpu.
257 cc_cce_migrating(struct callout_cpu *cc, int direct)
261 return (cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) != CPUBLOCK);
268 * Kernel low level callwheel initialization
269 * called on the BSP during kernel startup.
272 callout_callwheel_init(void *dummy)
274 struct callout_cpu *cc;
278 * Calculate the size of the callout wheel and the preallocated
279 * timeout() structures.
280 * XXX: Clip callout to result of previous function of maxusers
281 * maximum 384. This is still huge, but acceptable.
283 ncallout = imin(16 + maxproc + maxfiles, 18508);
284 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.ncallout", &ncallout);
287 * Calculate callout wheel size, should be next power of two higher
290 callwheelsize = 1 << fls(ncallout);
291 callwheelmask = callwheelsize - 1;
294 * Fetch whether we're pinning the swi's or not.
296 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.pin_default_swi", &pin_default_swi);
297 TUNABLE_INT_FETCH("kern.pin_pcpu_swi", &pin_pcpu_swi);
300 * Initialize callout wheels. The software interrupt threads
303 cc_default_cpu = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
306 callout_cpu_init(cc, cpu);
309 SYSINIT(callwheel_init, SI_SUB_CPU, SI_ORDER_ANY, callout_callwheel_init, NULL);
312 * Initialize the per-cpu callout structures.
315 callout_cpu_init(struct callout_cpu *cc, int cpu)
319 mtx_init(&cc->cc_lock, "callout", NULL, MTX_SPIN | MTX_RECURSE);
321 cc->cc_callwheel = malloc_domainset(sizeof(struct callout_list) *
322 callwheelsize, M_CALLOUT,
323 DOMAINSET_PREF(pcpu_find(cpu)->pc_domain), M_WAITOK);
324 for (i = 0; i < callwheelsize; i++)
325 LIST_INIT(&cc->cc_callwheel[i]);
326 TAILQ_INIT(&cc->cc_expireq);
327 cc->cc_firstevent = SBT_MAX;
328 for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
329 cc_cce_cleanup(cc, i);
331 snprintf(cc->cc_ktr_event_name, sizeof(cc->cc_ktr_event_name),
332 "callwheel cpu %d", cpu);
338 * Switches the cpu tied to a specific callout.
339 * The function expects a locked incoming callout cpu and returns with
340 * locked outcoming callout cpu.
342 static struct callout_cpu *
343 callout_cpu_switch(struct callout *c, struct callout_cpu *cc, int new_cpu)
345 struct callout_cpu *new_cc;
347 MPASS(c != NULL && cc != NULL);
351 * Avoid interrupts and preemption firing after the callout cpu
352 * is blocked in order to avoid deadlocks as the new thread
353 * may be willing to acquire the callout cpu lock.
358 new_cc = CC_CPU(new_cpu);
367 * Start softclock threads.
370 start_softclock(void *dummy)
372 struct callout_cpu *cc;
373 char name[MAXCOMLEN];
376 struct intr_event *ie;
380 snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "clock (%d)", cpu);
382 if (swi_add(&ie, name, softclock, cc, SWI_CLOCK,
383 INTR_MPSAFE, &cc->cc_cookie))
384 panic("died while creating standard software ithreads");
385 if (cpu == cc_default_cpu)
386 pin_swi = pin_default_swi;
388 pin_swi = pin_pcpu_swi;
389 if (pin_swi && (intr_event_bind(ie, cpu) != 0)) {
390 printf("%s: %s clock couldn't be pinned to cpu %d\n",
392 cpu == cc_default_cpu ? "default" : "per-cpu",
397 SYSINIT(start_softclock, SI_SUB_SOFTINTR, SI_ORDER_FIRST, start_softclock, NULL);
399 #define CC_HASH_SHIFT 8
402 callout_hash(sbintime_t sbt)
405 return (sbt >> (32 - CC_HASH_SHIFT));
409 callout_get_bucket(sbintime_t sbt)
412 return (callout_hash(sbt) & callwheelmask);
416 callout_process(sbintime_t now)
418 struct callout *tmp, *tmpn;
419 struct callout_cpu *cc;
420 struct callout_list *sc;
421 sbintime_t first, last, lookahead, max, tmp_max;
422 u_int firstb, lastb, nowb;
423 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
424 int depth_dir = 0, mpcalls_dir = 0, lockcalls_dir = 0;
428 mtx_lock_spin_flags(&cc->cc_lock, MTX_QUIET);
430 /* Compute the buckets of the last scan and present times. */
431 firstb = callout_hash(cc->cc_lastscan);
432 cc->cc_lastscan = now;
433 nowb = callout_hash(now);
435 /* Compute the last bucket and minimum time of the bucket after it. */
437 lookahead = (SBT_1S / 16);
438 else if (nowb - firstb == 1)
439 lookahead = (SBT_1S / 8);
443 first += (lookahead / 2);
445 last &= (0xffffffffffffffffLLU << (32 - CC_HASH_SHIFT));
446 lastb = callout_hash(last) - 1;
450 * Check if we wrapped around the entire wheel from the last scan.
451 * In case, we need to scan entirely the wheel for pending callouts.
453 if (lastb - firstb >= callwheelsize) {
454 lastb = firstb + callwheelsize - 1;
455 if (nowb - firstb >= callwheelsize)
459 /* Iterate callwheel from firstb to nowb and then up to lastb. */
461 sc = &cc->cc_callwheel[firstb & callwheelmask];
462 tmp = LIST_FIRST(sc);
463 while (tmp != NULL) {
464 /* Run the callout if present time within allowed. */
465 if (tmp->c_time <= now) {
467 * Consumer told us the callout may be run
468 * directly from hardware interrupt context.
470 if (tmp->c_iflags & CALLOUT_DIRECT) {
471 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
475 LIST_NEXT(tmp, c_links.le);
476 cc->cc_bucket = firstb & callwheelmask;
477 LIST_REMOVE(tmp, c_links.le);
478 softclock_call_cc(tmp, cc,
479 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
480 &mpcalls_dir, &lockcalls_dir, NULL,
483 tmp = cc_exec_next(cc);
484 cc_exec_next(cc) = NULL;
486 tmpn = LIST_NEXT(tmp, c_links.le);
487 LIST_REMOVE(tmp, c_links.le);
488 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cc->cc_expireq,
490 tmp->c_iflags |= CALLOUT_PROCESSED;
495 /* Skip events from distant future. */
496 if (tmp->c_time >= max)
499 * Event minimal time is bigger than present maximal
500 * time, so it cannot be aggregated.
502 if (tmp->c_time > last) {
506 /* Update first and last time, respecting this event. */
507 if (tmp->c_time < first)
509 tmp_max = tmp->c_time + tmp->c_precision;
513 tmp = LIST_NEXT(tmp, c_links.le);
515 /* Proceed with the next bucket. */
518 * Stop if we looked after present time and found
519 * some event we can't execute at now.
520 * Stop if we looked far enough into the future.
522 } while (((int)(firstb - lastb)) <= 0);
523 cc->cc_firstevent = last;
524 cpu_new_callout(curcpu, last, first);
526 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
527 avg_depth_dir += (depth_dir * 1000 - avg_depth_dir) >> 8;
528 avg_mpcalls_dir += (mpcalls_dir * 1000 - avg_mpcalls_dir) >> 8;
529 avg_lockcalls_dir += (lockcalls_dir * 1000 - avg_lockcalls_dir) >> 8;
531 mtx_unlock_spin_flags(&cc->cc_lock, MTX_QUIET);
533 * swi_sched acquires the thread lock, so we don't want to call it
534 * with cc_lock held; incorrect locking order.
536 if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&cc->cc_expireq))
537 swi_sched(cc->cc_cookie, 0);
540 static struct callout_cpu *
541 callout_lock(struct callout *c)
543 struct callout_cpu *cc;
549 if (cpu == CPUBLOCK) {
550 while (c->c_cpu == CPUBLOCK)
565 callout_cc_add(struct callout *c, struct callout_cpu *cc,
566 sbintime_t sbt, sbintime_t precision, void (*func)(void *),
567 void *arg, int cpu, int flags)
572 if (sbt < cc->cc_lastscan)
573 sbt = cc->cc_lastscan;
575 c->c_iflags |= CALLOUT_PENDING;
576 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_PROCESSED;
577 c->c_flags |= CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
578 if (flags & C_DIRECT_EXEC)
579 c->c_iflags |= CALLOUT_DIRECT;
582 c->c_precision = precision;
583 bucket = callout_get_bucket(c->c_time);
584 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "precision set for %p: %d.%08x",
585 c, (int)(c->c_precision >> 32),
586 (u_int)(c->c_precision & 0xffffffff));
587 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&cc->cc_callwheel[bucket], c, c_links.le);
588 if (cc->cc_bucket == bucket)
589 cc_exec_next(cc) = c;
592 * Inform the eventtimers(4) subsystem there's a new callout
593 * that has been inserted, but only if really required.
595 if (SBT_MAX - c->c_time < c->c_precision)
596 c->c_precision = SBT_MAX - c->c_time;
597 sbt = c->c_time + c->c_precision;
598 if (sbt < cc->cc_firstevent) {
599 cc->cc_firstevent = sbt;
600 cpu_new_callout(cpu, sbt, c->c_time);
605 softclock_call_cc(struct callout *c, struct callout_cpu *cc,
606 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
607 int *mpcalls, int *lockcalls, int *gcalls,
611 struct rm_priotracker tracker;
612 callout_func_t *c_func, *drain;
614 struct lock_class *class;
615 struct lock_object *c_lock;
616 uintptr_t lock_status;
619 struct callout_cpu *new_cc;
620 callout_func_t *new_func;
623 sbintime_t new_prec, new_time;
625 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(CALLOUT_PROFILING)
626 sbintime_t sbt1, sbt2;
628 static sbintime_t maxdt = 2 * SBT_1MS; /* 2 msec */
629 static callout_func_t *lastfunc;
632 KASSERT((c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_PENDING) == CALLOUT_PENDING,
633 ("softclock_call_cc: pend %p %x", c, c->c_iflags));
634 KASSERT((c->c_flags & CALLOUT_ACTIVE) == CALLOUT_ACTIVE,
635 ("softclock_call_cc: act %p %x", c, c->c_flags));
636 class = (c->c_lock != NULL) ? LOCK_CLASS(c->c_lock) : NULL;
638 if (c->c_flags & CALLOUT_SHAREDLOCK) {
639 if (class == &lock_class_rm)
640 lock_status = (uintptr_t)&tracker;
647 c_iflags = c->c_iflags;
648 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_PENDING;
650 cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) = c;
651 cc_exec_last_func(cc, direct) = c_func;
652 cc_exec_last_arg(cc, direct) = c_arg;
653 cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) = false;
654 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) = NULL;
656 if (c_lock != NULL) {
657 class->lc_lock(c_lock, lock_status);
659 * The callout may have been cancelled
660 * while we switched locks.
662 if (cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct)) {
663 class->lc_unlock(c_lock);
666 /* The callout cannot be stopped now. */
667 cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) = true;
668 if (c_lock == &Giant.lock_object) {
669 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
672 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout giant %p func %p arg %p",
675 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
678 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout lock %p func %p arg %p",
682 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
685 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout %p func %p arg %p",
688 KTR_STATE3(KTR_SCHED, "callout", cc->cc_ktr_event_name, "running",
689 "func:%p", c_func, "arg:%p", c_arg, "direct:%d", direct);
690 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(CALLOUT_PROFILING)
693 THREAD_NO_SLEEPING();
694 SDT_PROBE1(callout_execute, , , callout__start, c);
696 SDT_PROBE1(callout_execute, , , callout__end, c);
697 THREAD_SLEEPING_OK();
698 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC) || defined(CALLOUT_PROFILING)
702 if (lastfunc != c_func || sbt2 > maxdt * 2) {
705 "Expensive timeout(9) function: %p(%p) %jd.%09ld s\n",
706 c_func, c_arg, (intmax_t)ts2.tv_sec, ts2.tv_nsec);
712 KTR_STATE0(KTR_SCHED, "callout", cc->cc_ktr_event_name, "idle");
713 CTR1(KTR_CALLOUT, "callout %p finished", c);
714 if ((c_iflags & CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED) == 0)
715 class->lc_unlock(c_lock);
718 KASSERT(cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) == c, ("mishandled cc_curr"));
719 cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) = NULL;
720 if (cc_exec_drain(cc, direct)) {
721 drain = cc_exec_drain(cc, direct);
722 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) = NULL;
727 if (cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct)) {
729 * There is someone waiting for the
730 * callout to complete.
731 * If the callout was scheduled for
732 * migration just cancel it.
734 if (cc_cce_migrating(cc, direct)) {
735 cc_cce_cleanup(cc, direct);
738 * It should be assert here that the callout is not
739 * destroyed but that is not easy.
741 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION;
743 cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct) = false;
745 wakeup(&cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct));
747 } else if (cc_cce_migrating(cc, direct)) {
750 * If the callout was scheduled for
751 * migration just perform it now.
753 new_cpu = cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct);
754 new_time = cc_migration_time(cc, direct);
755 new_prec = cc_migration_prec(cc, direct);
756 new_func = cc_migration_func(cc, direct);
757 new_arg = cc_migration_arg(cc, direct);
758 cc_cce_cleanup(cc, direct);
761 * It should be assert here that the callout is not destroyed
762 * but that is not easy.
764 * As first thing, handle deferred callout stops.
766 if (!callout_migrating(c)) {
768 "deferred cancelled %p func %p arg %p",
769 c, new_func, new_arg);
772 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION;
774 new_cc = callout_cpu_switch(c, cc, new_cpu);
775 flags = (direct) ? C_DIRECT_EXEC : 0;
776 callout_cc_add(c, new_cc, new_time, new_prec, new_func,
777 new_arg, new_cpu, flags);
781 panic("migration should not happen");
787 * The callout mechanism is based on the work of Adam M. Costello and
788 * George Varghese, published in a technical report entitled "Redesigning
789 * the BSD Callout and Timer Facilities" and modified slightly for inclusion
790 * in FreeBSD by Justin T. Gibbs. The original work on the data structures
791 * used in this implementation was published by G. Varghese and T. Lauck in
792 * the paper "Hashed and Hierarchical Timing Wheels: Data Structures for
793 * the Efficient Implementation of a Timer Facility" in the Proceedings of
794 * the 11th ACM Annual Symposium on Operating Systems Principles,
795 * Austin, Texas Nov 1987.
799 * Software (low priority) clock interrupt.
800 * Run periodic events from timeout queue.
805 struct callout_cpu *cc;
807 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
808 int depth = 0, gcalls = 0, lockcalls = 0, mpcalls = 0;
811 cc = (struct callout_cpu *)arg;
813 while ((c = TAILQ_FIRST(&cc->cc_expireq)) != NULL) {
814 TAILQ_REMOVE(&cc->cc_expireq, c, c_links.tqe);
815 softclock_call_cc(c, cc,
816 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
817 &mpcalls, &lockcalls, &gcalls,
820 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
824 #ifdef CALLOUT_PROFILING
825 avg_depth += (depth * 1000 - avg_depth) >> 8;
826 avg_mpcalls += (mpcalls * 1000 - avg_mpcalls) >> 8;
827 avg_lockcalls += (lockcalls * 1000 - avg_lockcalls) >> 8;
828 avg_gcalls += (gcalls * 1000 - avg_gcalls) >> 8;
834 callout_when(sbintime_t sbt, sbintime_t precision, int flags,
835 sbintime_t *res, sbintime_t *prec_res)
837 sbintime_t to_sbt, to_pr;
839 if ((flags & (C_ABSOLUTE | C_PRECALC)) != 0) {
841 *prec_res = precision;
844 if ((flags & C_HARDCLOCK) != 0 && sbt < tick_sbt)
846 if ((flags & C_HARDCLOCK) != 0 || sbt >= sbt_tickthreshold) {
848 * Obtain the time of the last hardclock() call on
849 * this CPU directly from the kern_clocksource.c.
850 * This value is per-CPU, but it is equal for all
854 to_sbt = DPCPU_GET(hardclocktime);
857 to_sbt = DPCPU_GET(hardclocktime);
860 if (cold && to_sbt == 0)
861 to_sbt = sbinuptime();
862 if ((flags & C_HARDCLOCK) == 0)
865 to_sbt = sbinuptime();
866 if (SBT_MAX - to_sbt < sbt)
871 to_pr = ((C_PRELGET(flags) < 0) ? sbt >> tc_precexp :
872 sbt >> C_PRELGET(flags));
873 *prec_res = to_pr > precision ? to_pr : precision;
877 * New interface; clients allocate their own callout structures.
879 * callout_reset() - establish or change a timeout
880 * callout_stop() - disestablish a timeout
881 * callout_init() - initialize a callout structure so that it can
882 * safely be passed to callout_reset() and callout_stop()
884 * <sys/callout.h> defines three convenience macros:
886 * callout_active() - returns truth if callout has not been stopped,
887 * drained, or deactivated since the last time the callout was
889 * callout_pending() - returns truth if callout is still waiting for timeout
890 * callout_deactivate() - marks the callout as having been serviced
893 callout_reset_sbt_on(struct callout *c, sbintime_t sbt, sbintime_t prec,
894 callout_func_t *ftn, void *arg, int cpu, int flags)
896 sbintime_t to_sbt, precision;
897 struct callout_cpu *cc;
898 int cancelled, direct;
904 } else if ((cpu >= MAXCPU) ||
905 ((CC_CPU(cpu))->cc_inited == 0)) {
906 /* Invalid CPU spec */
907 panic("Invalid CPU in callout %d", cpu);
909 callout_when(sbt, prec, flags, &to_sbt, &precision);
912 * This flag used to be added by callout_cc_add, but the
913 * first time you call this we could end up with the
914 * wrong direct flag if we don't do it before we add.
916 if (flags & C_DIRECT_EXEC) {
921 KASSERT(!direct || c->c_lock == NULL ||
922 (LOCK_CLASS(c->c_lock)->lc_flags & LC_SPINLOCK),
923 ("%s: direct callout %p has non-spin lock", __func__, c));
924 cc = callout_lock(c);
926 * Don't allow migration if the user does not care.
932 if (cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) == c) {
934 * We're being asked to reschedule a callout which is
935 * currently in progress. If there is a lock then we
936 * can cancel the callout if it has not really started.
938 if (c->c_lock != NULL && !cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct))
939 cancelled = cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) = true;
940 if (cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct) || cc_exec_drain(cc, direct)) {
942 * Someone has called callout_drain to kill this
943 * callout. Don't reschedule.
945 CTR4(KTR_CALLOUT, "%s %p func %p arg %p",
946 cancelled ? "cancelled" : "failed to cancel",
947 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
952 if (callout_migrating(c)) {
954 * This only occurs when a second callout_reset_sbt_on
955 * is made after a previous one moved it into
956 * deferred migration (below). Note we do *not* change
957 * the prev_cpu even though the previous target may
960 cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) = cpu;
961 cc_migration_time(cc, direct) = to_sbt;
962 cc_migration_prec(cc, direct) = precision;
963 cc_migration_func(cc, direct) = ftn;
964 cc_migration_arg(cc, direct) = arg;
971 if (c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_PENDING) {
972 if ((c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_PROCESSED) == 0) {
973 if (cc_exec_next(cc) == c)
974 cc_exec_next(cc) = LIST_NEXT(c, c_links.le);
975 LIST_REMOVE(c, c_links.le);
977 TAILQ_REMOVE(&cc->cc_expireq, c, c_links.tqe);
980 c->c_iflags &= ~ CALLOUT_PENDING;
981 c->c_flags &= ~ CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
986 * If the callout must migrate try to perform it immediately.
987 * If the callout is currently running, just defer the migration
988 * to a more appropriate moment.
990 if (c->c_cpu != cpu) {
991 if (cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) == c) {
993 * Pending will have been removed since we are
994 * actually executing the callout on another
995 * CPU. That callout should be waiting on the
996 * lock the caller holds. If we set both
997 * active/and/pending after we return and the
998 * lock on the executing callout proceeds, it
999 * will then see pending is true and return.
1000 * At the return from the actual callout execution
1001 * the migration will occur in softclock_call_cc
1002 * and this new callout will be placed on the
1003 * new CPU via a call to callout_cpu_switch() which
1004 * will get the lock on the right CPU followed
1005 * by a call callout_cc_add() which will add it there.
1006 * (see above in softclock_call_cc()).
1008 cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) = cpu;
1009 cc_migration_time(cc, direct) = to_sbt;
1010 cc_migration_prec(cc, direct) = precision;
1011 cc_migration_func(cc, direct) = ftn;
1012 cc_migration_arg(cc, direct) = arg;
1013 c->c_iflags |= (CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION | CALLOUT_PENDING);
1014 c->c_flags |= CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
1016 "migration of %p func %p arg %p in %d.%08x to %u deferred",
1017 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg, (int)(to_sbt >> 32),
1018 (u_int)(to_sbt & 0xffffffff), cpu);
1022 cc = callout_cpu_switch(c, cc, cpu);
1026 callout_cc_add(c, cc, to_sbt, precision, ftn, arg, cpu, flags);
1027 CTR6(KTR_CALLOUT, "%sscheduled %p func %p arg %p in %d.%08x",
1028 cancelled ? "re" : "", c, c->c_func, c->c_arg, (int)(to_sbt >> 32),
1029 (u_int)(to_sbt & 0xffffffff));
1036 * Common idioms that can be optimized in the future.
1039 callout_schedule_on(struct callout *c, int to_ticks, int cpu)
1041 return callout_reset_on(c, to_ticks, c->c_func, c->c_arg, cpu);
1045 callout_schedule(struct callout *c, int to_ticks)
1047 return callout_reset_on(c, to_ticks, c->c_func, c->c_arg, c->c_cpu);
1051 _callout_stop_safe(struct callout *c, int flags, callout_func_t *drain)
1053 struct callout_cpu *cc, *old_cc;
1054 struct lock_class *class;
1055 int direct, sq_locked, use_lock;
1056 int cancelled, not_on_a_list;
1058 if ((flags & CS_DRAIN) != 0)
1059 WITNESS_WARN(WARN_GIANTOK | WARN_SLEEPOK, c->c_lock,
1060 "calling %s", __func__);
1062 KASSERT((flags & CS_DRAIN) == 0 || drain == NULL,
1063 ("Cannot set drain callback and CS_DRAIN flag at the same time"));
1066 * Some old subsystems don't hold Giant while running a callout_stop(),
1067 * so just discard this check for the moment.
1069 if ((flags & CS_DRAIN) == 0 && c->c_lock != NULL) {
1070 if (c->c_lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1071 use_lock = mtx_owned(&Giant);
1074 class = LOCK_CLASS(c->c_lock);
1075 class->lc_assert(c->c_lock, LA_XLOCKED);
1079 if (c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_DIRECT) {
1087 cc = callout_lock(c);
1089 if ((c->c_iflags & (CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION | CALLOUT_PENDING)) ==
1090 (CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION | CALLOUT_PENDING) &&
1091 ((c->c_flags & CALLOUT_ACTIVE) == CALLOUT_ACTIVE)) {
1093 * Special case where this slipped in while we
1094 * were migrating *as* the callout is about to
1095 * execute. The caller probably holds the lock
1096 * the callout wants.
1098 * Get rid of the migration first. Then set
1099 * the flag that tells this code *not* to
1100 * try to remove it from any lists (its not
1101 * on one yet). When the callout wheel runs,
1102 * it will ignore this callout.
1104 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_PENDING;
1105 c->c_flags &= ~CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
1112 * If the callout was migrating while the callout cpu lock was
1113 * dropped, just drop the sleepqueue lock and check the states
1116 if (sq_locked != 0 && cc != old_cc) {
1119 sleepq_release(&cc_exec_waiting(old_cc, direct));
1124 panic("migration should not happen");
1129 * If the callout is running, try to stop it or drain it.
1131 if (cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) == c) {
1133 * Succeed we to stop it or not, we must clear the
1134 * active flag - this is what API users expect. If we're
1135 * draining and the callout is currently executing, first wait
1136 * until it finishes.
1138 if ((flags & CS_DRAIN) == 0)
1139 c->c_flags &= ~CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
1141 if ((flags & CS_DRAIN) != 0) {
1143 * The current callout is running (or just
1144 * about to run) and blocking is allowed, so
1145 * just wait for the current invocation to
1148 if (cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) == c) {
1150 * Use direct calls to sleepqueue interface
1151 * instead of cv/msleep in order to avoid
1152 * a LOR between cc_lock and sleepqueue
1153 * chain spinlocks. This piece of code
1154 * emulates a msleep_spin() call actually.
1156 * If we already have the sleepqueue chain
1157 * locked, then we can safely block. If we
1158 * don't already have it locked, however,
1159 * we have to drop the cc_lock to lock
1160 * it. This opens several races, so we
1161 * restart at the beginning once we have
1162 * both locks. If nothing has changed, then
1163 * we will end up back here with sq_locked
1169 &cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct));
1176 * Migration could be cancelled here, but
1177 * as long as it is still not sure when it
1178 * will be packed up, just let softclock()
1181 cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct) = true;
1185 &cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct),
1186 &cc->cc_lock.lock_object, "codrain",
1189 &cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct),
1194 /* Reacquire locks previously released. */
1198 c->c_flags &= ~CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
1199 } else if (use_lock &&
1200 !cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) && (drain == NULL)) {
1203 * The current callout is waiting for its
1204 * lock which we hold. Cancel the callout
1205 * and return. After our caller drops the
1206 * lock, the callout will be skipped in
1207 * softclock(). This *only* works with a
1208 * callout_stop() *not* callout_drain() or
1209 * callout_async_drain().
1211 cc_exec_cancel(cc, direct) = true;
1212 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "cancelled %p func %p arg %p",
1213 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
1214 KASSERT(!cc_cce_migrating(cc, direct),
1215 ("callout wrongly scheduled for migration"));
1216 if (callout_migrating(c)) {
1217 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION;
1219 cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) = CPUBLOCK;
1220 cc_migration_time(cc, direct) = 0;
1221 cc_migration_prec(cc, direct) = 0;
1222 cc_migration_func(cc, direct) = NULL;
1223 cc_migration_arg(cc, direct) = NULL;
1227 KASSERT(!sq_locked, ("sleepqueue chain locked"));
1229 } else if (callout_migrating(c)) {
1231 * The callout is currently being serviced
1232 * and the "next" callout is scheduled at
1233 * its completion with a migration. We remove
1234 * the migration flag so it *won't* get rescheduled,
1235 * but we can't stop the one thats running so
1238 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_DFRMIGRATION;
1241 * We can't call cc_cce_cleanup here since
1242 * if we do it will remove .ce_curr and
1243 * its still running. This will prevent a
1244 * reschedule of the callout when the
1245 * execution completes.
1247 cc_migration_cpu(cc, direct) = CPUBLOCK;
1248 cc_migration_time(cc, direct) = 0;
1249 cc_migration_prec(cc, direct) = 0;
1250 cc_migration_func(cc, direct) = NULL;
1251 cc_migration_arg(cc, direct) = NULL;
1253 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "postponing stop %p func %p arg %p",
1254 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
1256 KASSERT(cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) == NULL,
1257 ("callout drain function already set to %p",
1258 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct)));
1259 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) = drain;
1262 return ((flags & CS_EXECUTING) != 0);
1264 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "failed to stop %p func %p arg %p",
1265 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
1267 KASSERT(cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) == NULL,
1268 ("callout drain function already set to %p",
1269 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct)));
1270 cc_exec_drain(cc, direct) = drain;
1273 KASSERT(!sq_locked, ("sleepqueue chain still locked"));
1274 cancelled = ((flags & CS_EXECUTING) != 0);
1279 sleepq_release(&cc_exec_waiting(cc, direct));
1281 if ((c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_PENDING) == 0) {
1282 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "failed to stop %p func %p arg %p",
1283 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
1285 * For not scheduled and not executing callout return
1288 if (cc_exec_curr(cc, direct) != c)
1294 c->c_iflags &= ~CALLOUT_PENDING;
1295 c->c_flags &= ~CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
1297 CTR3(KTR_CALLOUT, "cancelled %p func %p arg %p",
1298 c, c->c_func, c->c_arg);
1299 if (not_on_a_list == 0) {
1300 if ((c->c_iflags & CALLOUT_PROCESSED) == 0) {
1301 if (cc_exec_next(cc) == c)
1302 cc_exec_next(cc) = LIST_NEXT(c, c_links.le);
1303 LIST_REMOVE(c, c_links.le);
1305 TAILQ_REMOVE(&cc->cc_expireq, c, c_links.tqe);
1313 callout_init(struct callout *c, int mpsafe)
1315 bzero(c, sizeof *c);
1318 c->c_iflags = CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED;
1320 c->c_lock = &Giant.lock_object;
1323 c->c_cpu = cc_default_cpu;
1327 _callout_init_lock(struct callout *c, struct lock_object *lock, int flags)
1329 bzero(c, sizeof *c);
1331 KASSERT((flags & ~(CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED | CALLOUT_SHAREDLOCK)) == 0,
1332 ("callout_init_lock: bad flags %d", flags));
1333 KASSERT(lock != NULL || (flags & CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED) == 0,
1334 ("callout_init_lock: CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED with no lock"));
1335 KASSERT(lock == NULL || !(LOCK_CLASS(lock)->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPABLE),
1336 ("%s: callout %p has sleepable lock", __func__, c));
1337 c->c_iflags = flags & (CALLOUT_RETURNUNLOCKED | CALLOUT_SHAREDLOCK);
1338 c->c_cpu = cc_default_cpu;
1342 flssbt(sbintime_t sbt)
1345 sbt += (uint64_t)sbt >> 1;
1346 if (sizeof(long) >= sizeof(sbintime_t))
1349 return (flsl(((uint64_t)sbt) >> 32) + 32);
1354 * Dump immediate statistic snapshot of the scheduled callouts.
1357 sysctl_kern_callout_stat(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1359 struct callout *tmp;
1360 struct callout_cpu *cc;
1361 struct callout_list *sc;
1362 sbintime_t maxpr, maxt, medpr, medt, now, spr, st, t;
1363 int ct[64], cpr[64], ccpbk[32];
1364 int error, val, i, count, tcum, pcum, maxc, c, medc;
1368 error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &val, 0, req);
1369 if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
1372 st = spr = maxt = maxpr = 0;
1373 bzero(ccpbk, sizeof(ccpbk));
1374 bzero(ct, sizeof(ct));
1375 bzero(cpr, sizeof(cpr));
1380 for (i = 0; i < callwheelsize; i++) {
1381 sc = &cc->cc_callwheel[i];
1383 LIST_FOREACH(tmp, sc, c_links.le) {
1385 t = tmp->c_time - now;
1389 spr += tmp->c_precision / SBT_1US;
1392 if (tmp->c_precision > maxpr)
1393 maxpr = tmp->c_precision;
1395 cpr[flssbt(tmp->c_precision)]++;
1399 ccpbk[fls(c + c / 2)]++;
1405 for (i = 0, tcum = 0; i < 64 && tcum < count / 2; i++)
1407 medt = (i >= 2) ? (((sbintime_t)1) << (i - 2)) : 0;
1408 for (i = 0, pcum = 0; i < 64 && pcum < count / 2; i++)
1410 medpr = (i >= 2) ? (((sbintime_t)1) << (i - 2)) : 0;
1411 for (i = 0, c = 0; i < 32 && c < count / 2; i++)
1413 medc = (i >= 2) ? (1 << (i - 2)) : 0;
1415 printf("Scheduled callouts statistic snapshot:\n");
1416 printf(" Callouts: %6d Buckets: %6d*%-3d Bucket size: 0.%06ds\n",
1417 count, callwheelsize, mp_ncpus, 1000000 >> CC_HASH_SHIFT);
1418 printf(" C/Bk: med %5d avg %6d.%06jd max %6d\n",
1420 count / callwheelsize / mp_ncpus,
1421 (uint64_t)count * 1000000 / callwheelsize / mp_ncpus % 1000000,
1423 printf(" Time: med %5jd.%06jds avg %6jd.%06jds max %6jd.%06jds\n",
1424 medt / SBT_1S, (medt & 0xffffffff) * 1000000 >> 32,
1425 (st / count) / 1000000, (st / count) % 1000000,
1426 maxt / SBT_1S, (maxt & 0xffffffff) * 1000000 >> 32);
1427 printf(" Prec: med %5jd.%06jds avg %6jd.%06jds max %6jd.%06jds\n",
1428 medpr / SBT_1S, (medpr & 0xffffffff) * 1000000 >> 32,
1429 (spr / count) / 1000000, (spr / count) % 1000000,
1430 maxpr / SBT_1S, (maxpr & 0xffffffff) * 1000000 >> 32);
1431 printf(" Distribution: \tbuckets\t time\t tcum\t"
1433 for (i = 0, tcum = pcum = 0; i < 64; i++) {
1434 if (ct[i] == 0 && cpr[i] == 0)
1436 t = (i != 0) ? (((sbintime_t)1) << (i - 1)) : 0;
1439 printf(" %10jd.%06jds\t 2**%d\t%7d\t%7d\t%7d\t%7d\n",
1440 t / SBT_1S, (t & 0xffffffff) * 1000000 >> 32,
1441 i - 1 - (32 - CC_HASH_SHIFT),
1442 ct[i], tcum, cpr[i], pcum);
1446 SYSCTL_PROC(_kern, OID_AUTO, callout_stat,
1447 CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
1448 0, 0, sysctl_kern_callout_stat, "I",
1449 "Dump immediate statistic snapshot of the scheduled callouts");
1453 _show_callout(struct callout *c)
1456 db_printf("callout %p\n", c);
1457 #define C_DB_PRINTF(f, e) db_printf(" %s = " f "\n", #e, c->e);
1458 db_printf(" &c_links = %p\n", &(c->c_links));
1459 C_DB_PRINTF("%" PRId64, c_time);
1460 C_DB_PRINTF("%" PRId64, c_precision);
1461 C_DB_PRINTF("%p", c_arg);
1462 C_DB_PRINTF("%p", c_func);
1463 C_DB_PRINTF("%p", c_lock);
1464 C_DB_PRINTF("%#x", c_flags);
1465 C_DB_PRINTF("%#x", c_iflags);
1466 C_DB_PRINTF("%d", c_cpu);
1470 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(callout, db_show_callout)
1474 db_printf("usage: show callout <struct callout *>\n");
1478 _show_callout((struct callout *)addr);
1482 _show_last_callout(int cpu, int direct, const char *dirstr)
1484 struct callout_cpu *cc;
1488 func = cc_exec_last_func(cc, direct);
1489 arg = cc_exec_last_arg(cc, direct);
1490 db_printf("cpu %d last%s callout function: %p ", cpu, dirstr, func);
1491 db_printsym((db_expr_t)func, DB_STGY_ANY);
1492 db_printf("\ncpu %d last%s callout argument: %p\n", cpu, dirstr, arg);
1495 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(callout_last, db_show_callout_last)
1500 if (addr < 0 || addr > mp_maxid || CPU_ABSENT(addr)) {
1501 db_printf("no such cpu: %d\n", (int)addr);
1510 while (cpu <= last) {
1511 if (!CPU_ABSENT(cpu)) {
1512 _show_last_callout(cpu, 0, "");
1513 _show_last_callout(cpu, 1, " direct");