2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 2008 Isilon Systems, Inc.
5 * Copyright (c) 2008 Ilya Maykov <ivmaykov@gmail.com>
6 * Copyright (c) 1998 Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
18 * promote products derived from this software without specific prior
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * from BSDI $Id: mutex_witness.c,v 1.1.2.20 2000/04/27 03:10:27 cp Exp $
34 * and BSDI $Id: synch_machdep.c,v 2.3.2.39 2000/04/27 03:10:25 cp Exp $
38 * Implementation of the `witness' lock verifier. Originally implemented for
39 * mutexes in BSD/OS. Extended to handle generic lock objects and lock
45 * Pronunciation: 'wit-n&s
47 * Etymology: Middle English witnesse, from Old English witnes knowledge,
48 * testimony, witness, from 2wit
49 * Date: before 12th century
50 * 1 : attestation of a fact or event : TESTIMONY
51 * 2 : one that gives evidence; specifically : one who testifies in
52 * a cause or before a judicial tribunal
53 * 3 : one asked to be present at a transaction so as to be able to
54 * testify to its having taken place
55 * 4 : one who has personal knowledge of something
56 * 5 a : something serving as evidence or proof : SIGN
57 * b : public affirmation by word or example of usually
58 * religious faith or conviction <the heroic witness to divine
60 * 6 capitalized : a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses
64 * Special rules concerning Giant and lock orders:
66 * 1) Giant must be acquired before any other mutexes. Stated another way,
67 * no other mutex may be held when Giant is acquired.
69 * 2) Giant must be released when blocking on a sleepable lock.
71 * This rule is less obvious, but is a result of Giant providing the same
72 * semantics as spl(). Basically, when a thread sleeps, it must release
73 * Giant. When a thread blocks on a sleepable lock, it sleeps. Hence rule
76 * 3) Giant may be acquired before or after sleepable locks.
78 * This rule is also not quite as obvious. Giant may be acquired after
79 * a sleepable lock because it is a non-sleepable lock and non-sleepable
80 * locks may always be acquired while holding a sleepable lock. The second
81 * case, Giant before a sleepable lock, follows from rule 2) above. Suppose
82 * you have two threads T1 and T2 and a sleepable lock X. Suppose that T1
83 * acquires X and blocks on Giant. Then suppose that T2 acquires Giant and
84 * blocks on X. When T2 blocks on X, T2 will release Giant allowing T1 to
85 * execute. Thus, acquiring Giant both before and after a sleepable lock
86 * will not result in a lock order reversal.
89 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
90 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
93 #include "opt_hwpmc_hooks.h"
94 #include "opt_stack.h"
95 #include "opt_witness.h"
97 #include <sys/param.h>
100 #include <sys/kernel.h>
102 #include <sys/lock.h>
103 #include <sys/malloc.h>
104 #include <sys/mutex.h>
105 #include <sys/priv.h>
106 #include <sys/proc.h>
107 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
108 #include <sys/sched.h>
109 #include <sys/stack.h>
110 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
111 #include <sys/syslog.h>
112 #include <sys/systm.h>
118 #include <machine/stdarg.h>
120 #if !defined(DDB) && !defined(STACK)
121 #error "DDB or STACK options are required for WITNESS"
124 /* Note that these traces do not work with KTR_ALQ. */
126 #define KTR_WITNESS KTR_SUBSYS
128 #define KTR_WITNESS 0
131 #define LI_RECURSEMASK 0x0000ffff /* Recursion depth of lock instance. */
132 #define LI_EXCLUSIVE 0x00010000 /* Exclusive lock instance. */
133 #define LI_NORELEASE 0x00020000 /* Lock not allowed to be released. */
135 /* Define this to check for blessed mutexes */
138 #ifndef WITNESS_COUNT
139 #define WITNESS_COUNT 1536
141 #define WITNESS_HASH_SIZE 251 /* Prime, gives load factor < 2 */
142 #define WITNESS_PENDLIST (512 + (MAXCPU * 4))
144 /* Allocate 256 KB of stack data space */
145 #define WITNESS_LO_DATA_COUNT 2048
147 /* Prime, gives load factor of ~2 at full load */
148 #define WITNESS_LO_HASH_SIZE 1021
151 * XXX: This is somewhat bogus, as we assume here that at most 2048 threads
152 * will hold LOCK_NCHILDREN locks. We handle failure ok, and we should
153 * probably be safe for the most part, but it's still a SWAG.
155 #define LOCK_NCHILDREN 5
156 #define LOCK_CHILDCOUNT 2048
158 #define MAX_W_NAME 64
160 #define FULLGRAPH_SBUF_SIZE 512
163 * These flags go in the witness relationship matrix and describe the
164 * relationship between any two struct witness objects.
166 #define WITNESS_UNRELATED 0x00 /* No lock order relation. */
167 #define WITNESS_PARENT 0x01 /* Parent, aka direct ancestor. */
168 #define WITNESS_ANCESTOR 0x02 /* Direct or indirect ancestor. */
169 #define WITNESS_CHILD 0x04 /* Child, aka direct descendant. */
170 #define WITNESS_DESCENDANT 0x08 /* Direct or indirect descendant. */
171 #define WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK (WITNESS_PARENT | WITNESS_ANCESTOR)
172 #define WITNESS_DESCENDANT_MASK (WITNESS_CHILD | WITNESS_DESCENDANT)
173 #define WITNESS_RELATED_MASK \
174 (WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK | WITNESS_DESCENDANT_MASK)
175 #define WITNESS_REVERSAL 0x10 /* A lock order reversal has been
177 #define WITNESS_RESERVED1 0x20 /* Unused flag, reserved. */
178 #define WITNESS_RESERVED2 0x40 /* Unused flag, reserved. */
179 #define WITNESS_LOCK_ORDER_KNOWN 0x80 /* This lock order is known. */
181 /* Descendant to ancestor flags */
182 #define WITNESS_DTOA(x) (((x) & WITNESS_RELATED_MASK) >> 2)
184 /* Ancestor to descendant flags */
185 #define WITNESS_ATOD(x) (((x) & WITNESS_RELATED_MASK) << 2)
187 #define WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(i) \
188 MPASS((i) > 0 && (i) <= w_max_used_index && (i) < witness_count)
190 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_WITNESS, "Witness", "Witness");
193 * Lock instances. A lock instance is the data associated with a lock while
194 * it is held by witness. For example, a lock instance will hold the
195 * recursion count of a lock. Lock instances are held in lists. Spin locks
196 * are held in a per-cpu list while sleep locks are held in per-thread list.
198 struct lock_instance {
199 struct lock_object *li_lock;
206 * A simple list type used to build the list of locks held by a thread
207 * or CPU. We can't simply embed the list in struct lock_object since a
208 * lock may be held by more than one thread if it is a shared lock. Locks
209 * are added to the head of the list, so we fill up each list entry from
210 * "the back" logically. To ease some of the arithmetic, we actually fill
211 * in each list entry the normal way (children[0] then children[1], etc.) but
212 * when we traverse the list we read children[count-1] as the first entry
213 * down to children[0] as the final entry.
215 struct lock_list_entry {
216 struct lock_list_entry *ll_next;
217 struct lock_instance ll_children[LOCK_NCHILDREN];
222 * The main witness structure. One of these per named lock type in the system
223 * (for example, "vnode interlock").
226 char w_name[MAX_W_NAME];
227 uint32_t w_index; /* Index in the relationship matrix */
228 struct lock_class *w_class;
229 STAILQ_ENTRY(witness) w_list; /* List of all witnesses. */
230 STAILQ_ENTRY(witness) w_typelist; /* Witnesses of a type. */
231 struct witness *w_hash_next; /* Linked list in hash buckets. */
232 const char *w_file; /* File where last acquired */
233 uint32_t w_line; /* Line where last acquired */
235 uint16_t w_num_ancestors; /* direct/indirect
237 uint16_t w_num_descendants; /* direct/indirect
238 * descendant count */
240 unsigned w_displayed:1;
241 unsigned w_reversed:1;
244 STAILQ_HEAD(witness_list, witness);
247 * The witness hash table. Keys are witness names (const char *), elements are
248 * witness objects (struct witness *).
250 struct witness_hash {
251 struct witness *wh_array[WITNESS_HASH_SIZE];
257 * Key type for the lock order data hash table.
259 struct witness_lock_order_key {
264 struct witness_lock_order_data {
265 struct stack wlod_stack;
266 struct witness_lock_order_key wlod_key;
267 struct witness_lock_order_data *wlod_next;
271 * The witness lock order data hash table. Keys are witness index tuples
272 * (struct witness_lock_order_key), elements are lock order data objects
273 * (struct witness_lock_order_data).
275 struct witness_lock_order_hash {
276 struct witness_lock_order_data *wloh_array[WITNESS_LO_HASH_SIZE];
282 struct witness_blessed {
288 struct witness_pendhelp {
290 struct lock_object *wh_lock;
293 struct witness_order_list_entry {
295 struct lock_class *w_class;
299 * Returns 0 if one of the locks is a spin lock and the other is not.
300 * Returns 1 otherwise.
303 witness_lock_type_equal(struct witness *w1, struct witness *w2)
306 return ((w1->w_class->lc_flags & (LC_SLEEPLOCK | LC_SPINLOCK)) ==
307 (w2->w_class->lc_flags & (LC_SLEEPLOCK | LC_SPINLOCK)));
311 witness_lock_order_key_equal(const struct witness_lock_order_key *a,
312 const struct witness_lock_order_key *b)
315 return (a->from == b->from && a->to == b->to);
318 static int _isitmyx(struct witness *w1, struct witness *w2, int rmask,
320 static void adopt(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child);
322 static int blessed(struct witness *, struct witness *);
324 static void depart(struct witness *w);
325 static struct witness *enroll(const char *description,
326 struct lock_class *lock_class);
327 static struct lock_instance *find_instance(struct lock_list_entry *list,
328 const struct lock_object *lock);
329 static int isitmychild(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child);
330 static int isitmydescendant(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child);
331 static void itismychild(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child);
332 static int sysctl_debug_witness_badstacks(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
333 static int sysctl_debug_witness_watch(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
334 static int sysctl_debug_witness_fullgraph(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
335 static int sysctl_debug_witness_channel(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
336 static void witness_add_fullgraph(struct sbuf *sb, struct witness *parent);
338 static void witness_ddb_compute_levels(void);
339 static void witness_ddb_display(int(*)(const char *fmt, ...));
340 static void witness_ddb_display_descendants(int(*)(const char *fmt, ...),
341 struct witness *, int indent);
342 static void witness_ddb_display_list(int(*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...),
343 struct witness_list *list);
344 static void witness_ddb_level_descendants(struct witness *parent, int l);
345 static void witness_ddb_list(struct thread *td);
347 static void witness_debugger(int cond, const char *msg);
348 static void witness_free(struct witness *m);
349 static struct witness *witness_get(void);
350 static uint32_t witness_hash_djb2(const uint8_t *key, uint32_t size);
351 static struct witness *witness_hash_get(const char *key);
352 static void witness_hash_put(struct witness *w);
353 static void witness_init_hash_tables(void);
354 static void witness_increment_graph_generation(void);
355 static void witness_lock_list_free(struct lock_list_entry *lle);
356 static struct lock_list_entry *witness_lock_list_get(void);
357 static int witness_lock_order_add(struct witness *parent,
358 struct witness *child);
359 static int witness_lock_order_check(struct witness *parent,
360 struct witness *child);
361 static struct witness_lock_order_data *witness_lock_order_get(
362 struct witness *parent,
363 struct witness *child);
364 static void witness_list_lock(struct lock_instance *instance,
365 int (*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...));
366 static int witness_output(const char *fmt, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
367 static int witness_voutput(const char *fmt, va_list ap) __printflike(1, 0);
368 static void witness_setflag(struct lock_object *lock, int flag, int set);
370 static SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, witness, CTLFLAG_RW, NULL,
374 * If set to 0, lock order checking is disabled. If set to -1,
375 * witness is completely disabled. Otherwise witness performs full
376 * lock order checking for all locks. At runtime, lock order checking
377 * may be toggled. However, witness cannot be reenabled once it is
378 * completely disabled.
380 static int witness_watch = 1;
381 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, watch, CTLFLAG_RWTUN | CTLTYPE_INT, NULL, 0,
382 sysctl_debug_witness_watch, "I", "witness is watching lock operations");
386 * When KDB is enabled and witness_kdb is 1, it will cause the system
387 * to drop into kdebug() when:
388 * - a lock hierarchy violation occurs
389 * - locks are held when going to sleep.
396 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, kdb, CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &witness_kdb, 0, "");
399 #if defined(DDB) || defined(KDB)
401 * When DDB or KDB is enabled and witness_trace is 1, it will cause the system
402 * to print a stack trace:
403 * - a lock hierarchy violation occurs
404 * - locks are held when going to sleep.
406 int witness_trace = 1;
407 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, trace, CTLFLAG_RWTUN, &witness_trace, 0, "");
408 #endif /* DDB || KDB */
410 #ifdef WITNESS_SKIPSPIN
411 int witness_skipspin = 1;
413 int witness_skipspin = 0;
415 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, skipspin, CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &witness_skipspin, 0, "");
417 int badstack_sbuf_size;
419 int witness_count = WITNESS_COUNT;
420 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, witness_count, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
421 &witness_count, 0, "");
424 * Output channel for witness messages. By default we print to the console.
426 enum witness_channel {
432 static enum witness_channel witness_channel = WITNESS_CONSOLE;
433 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, output_channel, CTLTYPE_STRING |
434 CTLFLAG_RWTUN, NULL, 0, sysctl_debug_witness_channel, "A",
435 "Output channel for warnings");
438 * Call this to print out the relations between locks.
440 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, fullgraph, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
441 NULL, 0, sysctl_debug_witness_fullgraph, "A", "Show locks relation graphs");
444 * Call this to print out the witness faulty stacks.
446 SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, badstacks, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
447 NULL, 0, sysctl_debug_witness_badstacks, "A", "Show bad witness stacks");
449 static struct mtx w_mtx;
452 static struct witness_list w_free = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(w_free);
453 static struct witness_list w_all = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(w_all);
456 static struct witness_list w_spin = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(w_spin);
457 static struct witness_list w_sleep = STAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(w_sleep);
460 static struct lock_list_entry *w_lock_list_free = NULL;
461 static struct witness_pendhelp pending_locks[WITNESS_PENDLIST];
462 static u_int pending_cnt;
464 static int w_free_cnt, w_spin_cnt, w_sleep_cnt;
465 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, free_cnt, CTLFLAG_RD, &w_free_cnt, 0, "");
466 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, spin_cnt, CTLFLAG_RD, &w_spin_cnt, 0, "");
467 SYSCTL_INT(_debug_witness, OID_AUTO, sleep_cnt, CTLFLAG_RD, &w_sleep_cnt, 0,
470 static struct witness *w_data;
471 static uint8_t **w_rmatrix;
472 static struct lock_list_entry w_locklistdata[LOCK_CHILDCOUNT];
473 static struct witness_hash w_hash; /* The witness hash table. */
475 /* The lock order data hash */
476 static struct witness_lock_order_data w_lodata[WITNESS_LO_DATA_COUNT];
477 static struct witness_lock_order_data *w_lofree = NULL;
478 static struct witness_lock_order_hash w_lohash;
479 static int w_max_used_index = 0;
480 static unsigned int w_generation = 0;
481 static const char w_notrunning[] = "Witness not running\n";
482 static const char w_stillcold[] = "Witness is still cold\n";
484 static const char w_notallowed[] = "The sysctl is disabled on the arch\n";
487 static struct witness_order_list_entry order_lists[] = {
491 { "proctree", &lock_class_sx },
492 { "allproc", &lock_class_sx },
493 { "allprison", &lock_class_sx },
498 { "Giant", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
499 { "pipe mutex", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
500 { "sigio lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
501 { "process group", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
503 { "pmc-sleep", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
505 { "process lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
506 { "session", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
507 { "uidinfo hash", &lock_class_rw },
508 { "time lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
513 { "umtx lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
518 { "accept", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
519 { "so_snd", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
520 { "so_rcv", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
521 { "sellck", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
526 { "so_rcv", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
527 { "radix node head", &lock_class_rm },
528 { "rtentry", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
529 { "ifaddr", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
533 * protocol locks before interface locks, after UDP locks.
535 { "in_multi_sx", &lock_class_sx },
536 { "udpinp", &lock_class_rw },
537 { "in_multi_list_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
538 { "igmp_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
539 { "ifnet_rw", &lock_class_rw },
540 { "if_addr_lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
544 * protocol locks before interface locks, after UDP locks.
546 { "in6_multi_sx", &lock_class_sx },
547 { "udpinp", &lock_class_rw },
548 { "in6_multi_list_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
549 { "mld_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
550 { "ifnet_rw", &lock_class_rw },
551 { "if_addr_lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
554 * UNIX Domain Sockets
556 { "unp_link_rwlock", &lock_class_rw },
557 { "unp_list_lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
558 { "unp", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
559 { "so_snd", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
564 { "udp", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
565 { "udpinp", &lock_class_rw },
566 { "so_snd", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
571 { "tcp", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
572 { "tcpinp", &lock_class_rw },
573 { "so_snd", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
578 { "bpf global lock", &lock_class_sx },
579 { "bpf cdev lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
584 { "nfsd_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
585 { "so_snd", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
591 { "802.11 com lock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep},
596 { "network driver", &lock_class_mtx_sleep},
602 { "ng_node", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
603 { "ng_worklist", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
608 { "vm map (system)", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
609 { "vnode interlock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
610 { "cdev", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
615 { "vm map (user)", &lock_class_sx },
616 { "vm object", &lock_class_rw },
617 { "vm page", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
618 { "pmap pv global", &lock_class_rw },
619 { "pmap", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
620 { "pmap pv list", &lock_class_rw },
621 { "vm page free queue", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
622 { "vm pagequeue", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
625 * kqueue/VFS interaction
627 { "kqueue", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
628 { "struct mount mtx", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
629 { "vnode interlock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
634 { "ncvn", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
635 { "ncbuc", &lock_class_rw },
636 { "vnode interlock", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
637 { "ncneg", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
642 { "dn->dn_mtx", &lock_class_sx },
643 { "dr->dt.di.dr_mtx", &lock_class_sx },
644 { "db->db_mtx", &lock_class_sx },
649 { "TCP ID tree", &lock_class_rw },
650 { "tcp log id bucket", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
651 { "tcpinp", &lock_class_rw },
652 { "TCP log expireq", &lock_class_mtx_sleep },
658 { "ap boot", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
660 { "rm.mutex_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
661 { "sio", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
663 { "cy", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
666 { "pcib_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
667 { "rtc_mtx", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
669 { "scc_hwmtx", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
670 { "uart_hwmtx", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
671 { "fast_taskqueue", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
672 { "intr table", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
673 { "process slock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
674 { "syscons video lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
675 { "sleepq chain", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
676 { "rm_spinlock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
677 { "turnstile chain", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
678 { "turnstile lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
679 { "sched lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
680 { "td_contested", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
681 { "callout", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
682 { "entropy harvest mutex", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
684 { "smp rendezvous", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
687 { "tlb0", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
690 { "sched lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
692 { "pmc-per-proc", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
698 { "intrcnt", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
699 { "icu", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
700 #if defined(SMP) && defined(__sparc64__)
701 { "ipi", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
704 { "allpmaps", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
705 { "descriptor tables", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
707 { "clk", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
708 { "cpuset", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
709 { "mprof lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
710 { "zombie lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
711 { "ALD Queue", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
712 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__)
713 { "pcicfg", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
714 { "NDIS thread lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
716 { "tw_osl_io_lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
717 { "tw_osl_q_lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
718 { "tw_cl_io_lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
719 { "tw_cl_intr_lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
720 { "tw_cl_gen_lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
722 { "pmc-leaf", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
724 { "blocked lock", &lock_class_mtx_spin },
731 * Pairs of locks which have been blessed
732 * Don't complain about order problems with blessed locks
734 static struct witness_blessed blessed_list[] = {
739 * This global is set to 0 once it becomes safe to use the witness code.
741 static int witness_cold = 1;
744 * This global is set to 1 once the static lock orders have been enrolled
745 * so that a warning can be issued for any spin locks enrolled later.
747 static int witness_spin_warn = 0;
749 /* Trim useless garbage from filenames. */
751 fixup_filename(const char *file)
756 while (strncmp(file, "../", 3) == 0)
762 * Calculate the size of early witness structures.
765 witness_startup_count(void)
769 sz = sizeof(struct witness) * witness_count;
770 sz += sizeof(*w_rmatrix) * (witness_count + 1);
771 sz += sizeof(*w_rmatrix[0]) * (witness_count + 1) *
778 * The WITNESS-enabled diagnostic code. Note that the witness code does
779 * assume that the early boot is single-threaded at least until after this
780 * routine is completed.
783 witness_startup(void *mem)
785 struct lock_object *lock;
786 struct witness_order_list_entry *order;
787 struct witness *w, *w1;
793 p += sizeof(struct witness) * witness_count;
795 w_rmatrix = (void *)p;
796 p += sizeof(*w_rmatrix) * (witness_count + 1);
798 for (i = 0; i < witness_count + 1; i++) {
799 w_rmatrix[i] = (void *)p;
800 p += sizeof(*w_rmatrix[i]) * (witness_count + 1);
802 badstack_sbuf_size = witness_count * 256;
805 * We have to release Giant before initializing its witness
806 * structure so that WITNESS doesn't get confused.
809 mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_NOTOWNED);
811 CTR1(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: initializing witness", __func__);
812 mtx_init(&w_mtx, "witness lock", NULL, MTX_SPIN | MTX_QUIET |
813 MTX_NOWITNESS | MTX_NOPROFILE);
814 for (i = witness_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
816 memset(w, 0, sizeof(*w));
817 w_data[i].w_index = i; /* Witness index never changes. */
820 KASSERT(STAILQ_FIRST(&w_free)->w_index == 0,
821 ("%s: Invalid list of free witness objects", __func__));
823 /* Witness with index 0 is not used to aid in debugging. */
824 STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&w_free, w_list);
827 for (i = 0; i < witness_count; i++) {
828 memset(w_rmatrix[i], 0, sizeof(*w_rmatrix[i]) *
829 (witness_count + 1));
832 for (i = 0; i < LOCK_CHILDCOUNT; i++)
833 witness_lock_list_free(&w_locklistdata[i]);
834 witness_init_hash_tables();
836 /* First add in all the specified order lists. */
837 for (order = order_lists; order->w_name != NULL; order++) {
838 w = enroll(order->w_name, order->w_class);
841 w->w_file = "order list";
842 for (order++; order->w_name != NULL; order++) {
843 w1 = enroll(order->w_name, order->w_class);
846 w1->w_file = "order list";
851 witness_spin_warn = 1;
853 /* Iterate through all locks and add them to witness. */
854 for (i = 0; pending_locks[i].wh_lock != NULL; i++) {
855 lock = pending_locks[i].wh_lock;
856 KASSERT(lock->lo_flags & LO_WITNESS,
857 ("%s: lock %s is on pending list but not LO_WITNESS",
858 __func__, lock->lo_name));
859 lock->lo_witness = enroll(pending_locks[i].wh_type,
863 /* Mark the witness code as being ready for use. */
870 witness_init(struct lock_object *lock, const char *type)
872 struct lock_class *class;
874 /* Various sanity checks. */
875 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
876 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_RECURSABLE) != 0 &&
877 (class->lc_flags & LC_RECURSABLE) == 0)
878 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s can not be recursable",
879 __func__, class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
880 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0 &&
881 (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPABLE) == 0)
882 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s can not be sleepable",
883 __func__, class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
884 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_UPGRADABLE) != 0 &&
885 (class->lc_flags & LC_UPGRADABLE) == 0)
886 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s can not be upgradable",
887 __func__, class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
890 * If we shouldn't watch this lock, then just clear lo_witness.
891 * Otherwise, if witness_cold is set, then it is too early to
892 * enroll this lock, so defer it to witness_initialize() by adding
893 * it to the pending_locks list. If it is not too early, then enroll
896 if (witness_watch < 1 || panicstr != NULL ||
897 (lock->lo_flags & LO_WITNESS) == 0)
898 lock->lo_witness = NULL;
899 else if (witness_cold) {
900 pending_locks[pending_cnt].wh_lock = lock;
901 pending_locks[pending_cnt++].wh_type = type;
902 if (pending_cnt > WITNESS_PENDLIST)
903 panic("%s: pending locks list is too small, "
904 "increase WITNESS_PENDLIST\n",
907 lock->lo_witness = enroll(type, class);
911 witness_destroy(struct lock_object *lock)
913 struct lock_class *class;
916 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
919 panic("lock (%s) %s destroyed while witness_cold",
920 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
922 /* XXX: need to verify that no one holds the lock */
923 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_WITNESS) == 0 || lock->lo_witness == NULL)
925 w = lock->lo_witness;
927 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
928 MPASS(w->w_refcount > 0);
931 if (w->w_refcount == 0)
933 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
938 witness_ddb_compute_levels(void)
943 * First clear all levels.
945 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list)
949 * Look for locks with no parents and level all their descendants.
951 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list) {
953 /* If the witness has ancestors (is not a root), skip it. */
954 if (w->w_num_ancestors > 0)
956 witness_ddb_level_descendants(w, 0);
961 witness_ddb_level_descendants(struct witness *w, int l)
965 if (w->w_ddb_level >= l)
971 for (i = 1; i <= w_max_used_index; i++) {
972 if (w_rmatrix[w->w_index][i] & WITNESS_PARENT)
973 witness_ddb_level_descendants(&w_data[i], l);
978 witness_ddb_display_descendants(int(*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...),
979 struct witness *w, int indent)
983 for (i = 0; i < indent; i++)
985 prnt("%s (type: %s, depth: %d, active refs: %d)",
986 w->w_name, w->w_class->lc_name,
987 w->w_ddb_level, w->w_refcount);
988 if (w->w_displayed) {
989 prnt(" -- (already displayed)\n");
993 if (w->w_file != NULL && w->w_line != 0)
994 prnt(" -- last acquired @ %s:%d\n", fixup_filename(w->w_file),
997 prnt(" -- never acquired\n");
999 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(w->w_index);
1000 for (i = 1; i <= w_max_used_index; i++) {
1003 if (w_rmatrix[w->w_index][i] & WITNESS_PARENT)
1004 witness_ddb_display_descendants(prnt, &w_data[i],
1010 witness_ddb_display_list(int(*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...),
1011 struct witness_list *list)
1015 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, list, w_typelist) {
1016 if (w->w_file == NULL || w->w_ddb_level > 0)
1019 /* This lock has no anscestors - display its descendants. */
1020 witness_ddb_display_descendants(prnt, w, 0);
1027 witness_ddb_display(int(*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...))
1031 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
1032 witness_ddb_compute_levels();
1034 /* Clear all the displayed flags. */
1035 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list)
1039 * First, handle sleep locks which have been acquired at least
1042 prnt("Sleep locks:\n");
1043 witness_ddb_display_list(prnt, &w_sleep);
1048 * Now do spin locks which have been acquired at least once.
1050 prnt("\nSpin locks:\n");
1051 witness_ddb_display_list(prnt, &w_spin);
1056 * Finally, any locks which have not been acquired yet.
1058 prnt("\nLocks which were never acquired:\n");
1059 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list) {
1060 if (w->w_file != NULL || w->w_refcount == 0)
1062 prnt("%s (type: %s, depth: %d)\n", w->w_name,
1063 w->w_class->lc_name, w->w_ddb_level);
1071 witness_defineorder(struct lock_object *lock1, struct lock_object *lock2)
1074 if (witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
1077 /* Require locks that witness knows about. */
1078 if (lock1 == NULL || lock1->lo_witness == NULL || lock2 == NULL ||
1079 lock2->lo_witness == NULL)
1082 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_NOTOWNED);
1083 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
1086 * If we already have either an explicit or implied lock order that
1087 * is the other way around, then return an error.
1089 if (witness_watch &&
1090 isitmydescendant(lock2->lo_witness, lock1->lo_witness)) {
1091 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1095 /* Try to add the new order. */
1096 CTR3(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: adding %s as a child of %s", __func__,
1097 lock2->lo_witness->w_name, lock1->lo_witness->w_name);
1098 itismychild(lock1->lo_witness, lock2->lo_witness);
1099 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1104 witness_checkorder(struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file,
1105 int line, struct lock_object *interlock)
1107 struct lock_list_entry *lock_list, *lle;
1108 struct lock_instance *lock1, *lock2, *plock;
1109 struct lock_class *class, *iclass;
1110 struct witness *w, *w1;
1114 if (witness_cold || witness_watch < 1 || lock->lo_witness == NULL ||
1118 w = lock->lo_witness;
1119 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
1122 if (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) {
1125 * Since spin locks include a critical section, this check
1126 * implicitly enforces a lock order of all sleep locks before
1129 if (td->td_critnest != 0 && !kdb_active)
1130 kassert_panic("acquiring blockable sleep lock with "
1131 "spinlock or critical section held (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1132 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1133 fixup_filename(file), line);
1136 * If this is the first lock acquired then just return as
1137 * no order checking is needed.
1139 lock_list = td->td_sleeplocks;
1140 if (lock_list == NULL || lock_list->ll_count == 0)
1145 * If this is the first lock, just return as no order
1146 * checking is needed. Avoid problems with thread
1147 * migration pinning the thread while checking if
1148 * spinlocks are held. If at least one spinlock is held
1149 * the thread is in a safe path and it is allowed to
1153 lock_list = PCPU_GET(spinlocks);
1154 if (lock_list == NULL || lock_list->ll_count == 0) {
1162 * Check to see if we are recursing on a lock we already own. If
1163 * so, make sure that we don't mismatch exclusive and shared lock
1166 lock1 = find_instance(lock_list, lock);
1167 if (lock1 != NULL) {
1168 if ((lock1->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) != 0 &&
1169 (flags & LOP_EXCLUSIVE) == 0) {
1170 witness_output("shared lock of (%s) %s @ %s:%d\n",
1171 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1172 fixup_filename(file), line);
1173 witness_output("while exclusively locked from %s:%d\n",
1174 fixup_filename(lock1->li_file), lock1->li_line);
1175 kassert_panic("excl->share");
1177 if ((lock1->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) == 0 &&
1178 (flags & LOP_EXCLUSIVE) != 0) {
1179 witness_output("exclusive lock of (%s) %s @ %s:%d\n",
1180 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1181 fixup_filename(file), line);
1182 witness_output("while share locked from %s:%d\n",
1183 fixup_filename(lock1->li_file), lock1->li_line);
1184 kassert_panic("share->excl");
1189 /* Warn if the interlock is not locked exactly once. */
1190 if (interlock != NULL) {
1191 iclass = LOCK_CLASS(interlock);
1192 lock1 = find_instance(lock_list, interlock);
1194 kassert_panic("interlock (%s) %s not locked @ %s:%d",
1195 iclass->lc_name, interlock->lo_name,
1196 fixup_filename(file), line);
1197 else if ((lock1->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) != 0)
1198 kassert_panic("interlock (%s) %s recursed @ %s:%d",
1199 iclass->lc_name, interlock->lo_name,
1200 fixup_filename(file), line);
1204 * Find the previously acquired lock, but ignore interlocks.
1206 plock = &lock_list->ll_children[lock_list->ll_count - 1];
1207 if (interlock != NULL && plock->li_lock == interlock) {
1208 if (lock_list->ll_count > 1)
1210 &lock_list->ll_children[lock_list->ll_count - 2];
1212 lle = lock_list->ll_next;
1215 * The interlock is the only lock we hold, so
1220 plock = &lle->ll_children[lle->ll_count - 1];
1225 * Try to perform most checks without a lock. If this succeeds we
1226 * can skip acquiring the lock and return success. Otherwise we redo
1227 * the check with the lock held to handle races with concurrent updates.
1229 w1 = plock->li_lock->lo_witness;
1230 if (witness_lock_order_check(w1, w))
1233 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
1234 if (witness_lock_order_check(w1, w)) {
1235 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1238 witness_lock_order_add(w1, w);
1241 * Check for duplicate locks of the same type. Note that we only
1242 * have to check for this on the last lock we just acquired. Any
1243 * other cases will be caught as lock order violations.
1247 if (!(lock->lo_flags & LO_DUPOK) && !(flags & LOP_DUPOK) &&
1248 !(w_rmatrix[i][i] & WITNESS_REVERSAL)) {
1249 w_rmatrix[i][i] |= WITNESS_REVERSAL;
1251 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1253 "acquiring duplicate lock of same type: \"%s\"\n",
1255 witness_output(" 1st %s @ %s:%d\n", plock->li_lock->lo_name,
1256 fixup_filename(plock->li_file), plock->li_line);
1257 witness_output(" 2nd %s @ %s:%d\n", lock->lo_name,
1258 fixup_filename(file), line);
1259 witness_debugger(1, __func__);
1261 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1264 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1267 * If we know that the lock we are acquiring comes after
1268 * the lock we most recently acquired in the lock order tree,
1269 * then there is no need for any further checks.
1271 if (isitmychild(w1, w))
1274 for (j = 0, lle = lock_list; lle != NULL; lle = lle->ll_next) {
1275 for (i = lle->ll_count - 1; i >= 0; i--, j++) {
1277 MPASS(j < LOCK_CHILDCOUNT * LOCK_NCHILDREN);
1278 lock1 = &lle->ll_children[i];
1281 * Ignore the interlock.
1283 if (interlock == lock1->li_lock)
1287 * If this lock doesn't undergo witness checking,
1290 w1 = lock1->li_lock->lo_witness;
1292 KASSERT((lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_WITNESS) == 0,
1293 ("lock missing witness structure"));
1298 * If we are locking Giant and this is a sleepable
1299 * lock, then skip it.
1301 if ((lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0 &&
1302 lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1306 * If we are locking a sleepable lock and this lock
1307 * is Giant, then skip it.
1309 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0 &&
1310 lock1->li_lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1314 * If we are locking a sleepable lock and this lock
1315 * isn't sleepable, we want to treat it as a lock
1316 * order violation to enfore a general lock order of
1317 * sleepable locks before non-sleepable locks.
1319 if (((lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0 &&
1320 (lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) == 0))
1324 * If we are locking Giant and this is a non-sleepable
1325 * lock, then treat it as a reversal.
1327 if ((lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) == 0 &&
1328 lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1332 * Check the lock order hierarchy for a reveresal.
1334 if (!isitmydescendant(w, w1))
1339 * We have a lock order violation, check to see if it
1340 * is allowed or has already been yelled about.
1345 * If the lock order is blessed, just bail. We don't
1346 * look for other lock order violations though, which
1353 /* Bail if this violation is known */
1354 if (w_rmatrix[w1->w_index][w->w_index] & WITNESS_REVERSAL)
1357 /* Record this as a violation */
1358 w_rmatrix[w1->w_index][w->w_index] |= WITNESS_REVERSAL;
1359 w_rmatrix[w->w_index][w1->w_index] |= WITNESS_REVERSAL;
1360 w->w_reversed = w1->w_reversed = 1;
1361 witness_increment_graph_generation();
1362 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1364 #ifdef WITNESS_NO_VNODE
1366 * There are known LORs between VNODE locks. They are
1367 * not an indication of a bug. VNODE locks are flagged
1368 * as such (LO_IS_VNODE) and we don't yell if the LOR
1369 * is between 2 VNODE locks.
1371 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_IS_VNODE) != 0 &&
1372 (lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_IS_VNODE) != 0)
1377 * Ok, yell about it.
1379 if (((lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0 &&
1380 (lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) == 0))
1382 "lock order reversal: (sleepable after non-sleepable)\n");
1383 else if ((lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) == 0
1384 && lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1386 "lock order reversal: (Giant after non-sleepable)\n");
1388 witness_output("lock order reversal:\n");
1391 * Try to locate an earlier lock with
1392 * witness w in our list.
1395 lock2 = &lle->ll_children[i];
1396 MPASS(lock2->li_lock != NULL);
1397 if (lock2->li_lock->lo_witness == w)
1399 if (i == 0 && lle->ll_next != NULL) {
1401 i = lle->ll_count - 1;
1402 MPASS(i >= 0 && i < LOCK_NCHILDREN);
1407 witness_output(" 1st %p %s (%s) @ %s:%d\n",
1408 lock1->li_lock, lock1->li_lock->lo_name,
1409 w1->w_name, fixup_filename(lock1->li_file),
1411 witness_output(" 2nd %p %s (%s) @ %s:%d\n", lock,
1412 lock->lo_name, w->w_name,
1413 fixup_filename(file), line);
1415 witness_output(" 1st %p %s (%s) @ %s:%d\n",
1416 lock2->li_lock, lock2->li_lock->lo_name,
1417 lock2->li_lock->lo_witness->w_name,
1418 fixup_filename(lock2->li_file),
1420 witness_output(" 2nd %p %s (%s) @ %s:%d\n",
1421 lock1->li_lock, lock1->li_lock->lo_name,
1422 w1->w_name, fixup_filename(lock1->li_file),
1424 witness_output(" 3rd %p %s (%s) @ %s:%d\n", lock,
1425 lock->lo_name, w->w_name,
1426 fixup_filename(file), line);
1428 witness_debugger(1, __func__);
1434 * If requested, build a new lock order. However, don't build a new
1435 * relationship between a sleepable lock and Giant if it is in the
1436 * wrong direction. The correct lock order is that sleepable locks
1437 * always come before Giant.
1439 if (flags & LOP_NEWORDER &&
1440 !(plock->li_lock == &Giant.lock_object &&
1441 (lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0)) {
1442 CTR3(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: adding %s as a child of %s", __func__,
1443 w->w_name, plock->li_lock->lo_witness->w_name);
1444 itismychild(plock->li_lock->lo_witness, w);
1447 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1451 witness_lock(struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file, int line)
1453 struct lock_list_entry **lock_list, *lle;
1454 struct lock_instance *instance;
1458 if (witness_cold || witness_watch == -1 || lock->lo_witness == NULL ||
1461 w = lock->lo_witness;
1464 /* Determine lock list for this lock. */
1465 if (LOCK_CLASS(lock)->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK)
1466 lock_list = &td->td_sleeplocks;
1468 lock_list = PCPU_PTR(spinlocks);
1470 /* Check to see if we are recursing on a lock we already own. */
1471 instance = find_instance(*lock_list, lock);
1472 if (instance != NULL) {
1473 instance->li_flags++;
1474 CTR4(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d recursed on %s r=%d", __func__,
1475 td->td_proc->p_pid, lock->lo_name,
1476 instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK);
1477 instance->li_file = file;
1478 instance->li_line = line;
1482 /* Update per-witness last file and line acquire. */
1486 /* Find the next open lock instance in the list and fill it. */
1488 if (lle == NULL || lle->ll_count == LOCK_NCHILDREN) {
1489 lle = witness_lock_list_get();
1492 lle->ll_next = *lock_list;
1493 CTR3(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d added lle %p", __func__,
1494 td->td_proc->p_pid, lle);
1497 instance = &lle->ll_children[lle->ll_count++];
1498 instance->li_lock = lock;
1499 instance->li_line = line;
1500 instance->li_file = file;
1501 if ((flags & LOP_EXCLUSIVE) != 0)
1502 instance->li_flags = LI_EXCLUSIVE;
1504 instance->li_flags = 0;
1505 CTR4(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d added %s as lle[%d]", __func__,
1506 td->td_proc->p_pid, lock->lo_name, lle->ll_count - 1);
1510 witness_upgrade(struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file, int line)
1512 struct lock_instance *instance;
1513 struct lock_class *class;
1515 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
1516 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
1518 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
1519 if (witness_watch) {
1520 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_UPGRADABLE) == 0)
1522 "upgrade of non-upgradable lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1523 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1524 fixup_filename(file), line);
1525 if ((class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) == 0)
1527 "upgrade of non-sleep lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1528 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1529 fixup_filename(file), line);
1531 instance = find_instance(curthread->td_sleeplocks, lock);
1532 if (instance == NULL) {
1533 kassert_panic("upgrade of unlocked lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1534 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1535 fixup_filename(file), line);
1538 if (witness_watch) {
1539 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) != 0)
1541 "upgrade of exclusive lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1542 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1543 fixup_filename(file), line);
1544 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) != 0)
1546 "upgrade of recursed lock (%s) %s r=%d @ %s:%d",
1547 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1548 instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK,
1549 fixup_filename(file), line);
1551 instance->li_flags |= LI_EXCLUSIVE;
1555 witness_downgrade(struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file,
1558 struct lock_instance *instance;
1559 struct lock_class *class;
1561 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
1562 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
1564 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
1565 if (witness_watch) {
1566 if ((lock->lo_flags & LO_UPGRADABLE) == 0)
1568 "downgrade of non-upgradable lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1569 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1570 fixup_filename(file), line);
1571 if ((class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) == 0)
1573 "downgrade of non-sleep lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1574 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1575 fixup_filename(file), line);
1577 instance = find_instance(curthread->td_sleeplocks, lock);
1578 if (instance == NULL) {
1579 kassert_panic("downgrade of unlocked lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1580 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1581 fixup_filename(file), line);
1584 if (witness_watch) {
1585 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) == 0)
1587 "downgrade of shared lock (%s) %s @ %s:%d",
1588 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1589 fixup_filename(file), line);
1590 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) != 0)
1592 "downgrade of recursed lock (%s) %s r=%d @ %s:%d",
1593 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
1594 instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK,
1595 fixup_filename(file), line);
1597 instance->li_flags &= ~LI_EXCLUSIVE;
1601 witness_unlock(struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file, int line)
1603 struct lock_list_entry **lock_list, *lle;
1604 struct lock_instance *instance;
1605 struct lock_class *class;
1610 if (witness_cold || lock->lo_witness == NULL || panicstr != NULL)
1613 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
1615 /* Find lock instance associated with this lock. */
1616 if (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK)
1617 lock_list = &td->td_sleeplocks;
1619 lock_list = PCPU_PTR(spinlocks);
1621 for (; *lock_list != NULL; lock_list = &(*lock_list)->ll_next)
1622 for (i = 0; i < (*lock_list)->ll_count; i++) {
1623 instance = &(*lock_list)->ll_children[i];
1624 if (instance->li_lock == lock)
1629 * When disabling WITNESS through witness_watch we could end up in
1630 * having registered locks in the td_sleeplocks queue.
1631 * We have to make sure we flush these queues, so just search for
1632 * eventual register locks and remove them.
1634 if (witness_watch > 0) {
1635 kassert_panic("lock (%s) %s not locked @ %s:%d", class->lc_name,
1636 lock->lo_name, fixup_filename(file), line);
1643 /* First, check for shared/exclusive mismatches. */
1644 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) != 0 && witness_watch > 0 &&
1645 (flags & LOP_EXCLUSIVE) == 0) {
1646 witness_output("shared unlock of (%s) %s @ %s:%d\n",
1647 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name, fixup_filename(file), line);
1648 witness_output("while exclusively locked from %s:%d\n",
1649 fixup_filename(instance->li_file), instance->li_line);
1650 kassert_panic("excl->ushare");
1652 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) == 0 && witness_watch > 0 &&
1653 (flags & LOP_EXCLUSIVE) != 0) {
1654 witness_output("exclusive unlock of (%s) %s @ %s:%d\n",
1655 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name, fixup_filename(file), line);
1656 witness_output("while share locked from %s:%d\n",
1657 fixup_filename(instance->li_file),
1659 kassert_panic("share->uexcl");
1661 /* If we are recursed, unrecurse. */
1662 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) > 0) {
1663 CTR4(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d unrecursed on %s r=%d", __func__,
1664 td->td_proc->p_pid, instance->li_lock->lo_name,
1665 instance->li_flags);
1666 instance->li_flags--;
1669 /* The lock is now being dropped, check for NORELEASE flag */
1670 if ((instance->li_flags & LI_NORELEASE) != 0 && witness_watch > 0) {
1671 witness_output("forbidden unlock of (%s) %s @ %s:%d\n",
1672 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name, fixup_filename(file), line);
1673 kassert_panic("lock marked norelease");
1676 /* Otherwise, remove this item from the list. */
1678 CTR4(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d removed %s from lle[%d]", __func__,
1679 td->td_proc->p_pid, instance->li_lock->lo_name,
1680 (*lock_list)->ll_count - 1);
1681 for (j = i; j < (*lock_list)->ll_count - 1; j++)
1682 (*lock_list)->ll_children[j] =
1683 (*lock_list)->ll_children[j + 1];
1684 (*lock_list)->ll_count--;
1688 * In order to reduce contention on w_mtx, we want to keep always an
1689 * head object into lists so that frequent allocation from the
1690 * free witness pool (and subsequent locking) is avoided.
1691 * In order to maintain the current code simple, when the head
1692 * object is totally unloaded it means also that we do not have
1693 * further objects in the list, so the list ownership needs to be
1694 * hand over to another object if the current head needs to be freed.
1696 if ((*lock_list)->ll_count == 0) {
1697 if (*lock_list == lle) {
1698 if (lle->ll_next == NULL)
1702 *lock_list = lle->ll_next;
1703 CTR3(KTR_WITNESS, "%s: pid %d removed lle %p", __func__,
1704 td->td_proc->p_pid, lle);
1705 witness_lock_list_free(lle);
1710 witness_thread_exit(struct thread *td)
1712 struct lock_list_entry *lle;
1715 lle = td->td_sleeplocks;
1716 if (lle == NULL || panicstr != NULL)
1718 if (lle->ll_count != 0) {
1719 for (n = 0; lle != NULL; lle = lle->ll_next)
1720 for (i = lle->ll_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1723 "Thread %p exiting with the following locks held:\n", td);
1725 witness_list_lock(&lle->ll_children[i],
1730 "Thread %p cannot exit while holding sleeplocks\n", td);
1732 witness_lock_list_free(lle);
1736 * Warn if any locks other than 'lock' are held. Flags can be passed in to
1737 * exempt Giant and sleepable locks from the checks as well. If any
1738 * non-exempt locks are held, then a supplied message is printed to the
1739 * output channel along with a list of the offending locks. If indicated in the
1740 * flags then a failure results in a panic as well.
1743 witness_warn(int flags, struct lock_object *lock, const char *fmt, ...)
1745 struct lock_list_entry *lock_list, *lle;
1746 struct lock_instance *lock1;
1751 if (witness_cold || witness_watch < 1 || panicstr != NULL)
1755 for (lle = td->td_sleeplocks; lle != NULL; lle = lle->ll_next)
1756 for (i = lle->ll_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1757 lock1 = &lle->ll_children[i];
1758 if (lock1->li_lock == lock)
1760 if (flags & WARN_GIANTOK &&
1761 lock1->li_lock == &Giant.lock_object)
1763 if (flags & WARN_SLEEPOK &&
1764 (lock1->li_lock->lo_flags & LO_SLEEPABLE) != 0)
1770 printf(" with the following %slocks held:\n",
1771 (flags & WARN_SLEEPOK) != 0 ?
1772 "non-sleepable " : "");
1775 witness_list_lock(lock1, printf);
1779 * Pin the thread in order to avoid problems with thread migration.
1780 * Once that all verifies are passed about spinlocks ownership,
1781 * the thread is in a safe path and it can be unpinned.
1784 lock_list = PCPU_GET(spinlocks);
1785 if (lock_list != NULL && lock_list->ll_count != 0) {
1789 * We should only have one spinlock and as long as
1790 * the flags cannot match for this locks class,
1791 * check if the first spinlock is the one curthread
1794 lock1 = &lock_list->ll_children[lock_list->ll_count - 1];
1795 if (lock_list->ll_count == 1 && lock_list->ll_next == NULL &&
1796 lock1->li_lock == lock && n == 0)
1802 printf(" with the following %slocks held:\n",
1803 (flags & WARN_SLEEPOK) != 0 ? "non-sleepable " : "");
1804 n += witness_list_locks(&lock_list, printf);
1807 if (flags & WARN_PANIC && n)
1808 kassert_panic("%s", __func__);
1810 witness_debugger(n, __func__);
1815 witness_file(struct lock_object *lock)
1819 if (witness_cold || witness_watch < 1 || lock->lo_witness == NULL)
1821 w = lock->lo_witness;
1826 witness_line(struct lock_object *lock)
1830 if (witness_cold || witness_watch < 1 || lock->lo_witness == NULL)
1832 w = lock->lo_witness;
1836 static struct witness *
1837 enroll(const char *description, struct lock_class *lock_class)
1841 MPASS(description != NULL);
1843 if (witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
1845 if ((lock_class->lc_flags & LC_SPINLOCK)) {
1846 if (witness_skipspin)
1848 } else if ((lock_class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) == 0) {
1849 kassert_panic("lock class %s is not sleep or spin",
1850 lock_class->lc_name);
1854 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
1855 w = witness_hash_get(description);
1858 if ((w = witness_get()) == NULL)
1860 MPASS(strlen(description) < MAX_W_NAME);
1861 strcpy(w->w_name, description);
1862 w->w_class = lock_class;
1864 STAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w_all, w, w_list);
1865 if (lock_class->lc_flags & LC_SPINLOCK) {
1866 STAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w_spin, w, w_typelist);
1868 } else if (lock_class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) {
1869 STAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w_sleep, w, w_typelist);
1873 /* Insert new witness into the hash */
1874 witness_hash_put(w);
1875 witness_increment_graph_generation();
1876 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1880 if (w->w_refcount == 1)
1881 w->w_class = lock_class;
1882 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
1883 if (lock_class != w->w_class)
1885 "lock (%s) %s does not match earlier (%s) lock",
1886 description, lock_class->lc_name,
1887 w->w_class->lc_name);
1892 depart(struct witness *w)
1895 MPASS(w->w_refcount == 0);
1896 if (w->w_class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) {
1902 * Set file to NULL as it may point into a loadable module.
1906 witness_increment_graph_generation();
1911 adopt(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
1915 if (witness_cold == 0)
1916 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1918 /* If the relationship is already known, there's no work to be done. */
1919 if (isitmychild(parent, child))
1922 /* When the structure of the graph changes, bump up the generation. */
1923 witness_increment_graph_generation();
1926 * The hard part ... create the direct relationship, then propagate all
1927 * indirect relationships.
1929 pi = parent->w_index;
1930 ci = child->w_index;
1931 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(pi);
1932 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(ci);
1934 w_rmatrix[pi][ci] |= WITNESS_PARENT;
1935 w_rmatrix[ci][pi] |= WITNESS_CHILD;
1938 * If parent was not already an ancestor of child,
1939 * then we increment the descendant and ancestor counters.
1941 if ((w_rmatrix[pi][ci] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR) == 0) {
1942 parent->w_num_descendants++;
1943 child->w_num_ancestors++;
1947 * Find each ancestor of 'pi'. Note that 'pi' itself is counted as
1948 * an ancestor of 'pi' during this loop.
1950 for (i = 1; i <= w_max_used_index; i++) {
1951 if ((w_rmatrix[i][pi] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK) == 0 &&
1955 /* Find each descendant of 'i' and mark it as a descendant. */
1956 for (j = 1; j <= w_max_used_index; j++) {
1959 * Skip children that are already marked as
1960 * descendants of 'i'.
1962 if (w_rmatrix[i][j] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK)
1966 * We are only interested in descendants of 'ci'. Note
1967 * that 'ci' itself is counted as a descendant of 'ci'.
1969 if ((w_rmatrix[ci][j] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK) == 0 &&
1972 w_rmatrix[i][j] |= WITNESS_ANCESTOR;
1973 w_rmatrix[j][i] |= WITNESS_DESCENDANT;
1974 w_data[i].w_num_descendants++;
1975 w_data[j].w_num_ancestors++;
1978 * Make sure we aren't marking a node as both an
1979 * ancestor and descendant. We should have caught
1980 * this as a lock order reversal earlier.
1982 if ((w_rmatrix[i][j] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK) &&
1983 (w_rmatrix[i][j] & WITNESS_DESCENDANT_MASK)) {
1984 printf("witness rmatrix paradox! [%d][%d]=%d "
1985 "both ancestor and descendant\n",
1986 i, j, w_rmatrix[i][j]);
1988 printf("Witness disabled.\n");
1991 if ((w_rmatrix[j][i] & WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK) &&
1992 (w_rmatrix[j][i] & WITNESS_DESCENDANT_MASK)) {
1993 printf("witness rmatrix paradox! [%d][%d]=%d "
1994 "both ancestor and descendant\n",
1995 j, i, w_rmatrix[j][i]);
1997 printf("Witness disabled.\n");
2005 itismychild(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
2009 MPASS(child != NULL && parent != NULL);
2010 if (witness_cold == 0)
2011 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2013 if (!witness_lock_type_equal(parent, child)) {
2014 if (witness_cold == 0) {
2016 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2021 "%s: parent \"%s\" (%s) and child \"%s\" (%s) are not "
2022 "the same lock type", __func__, parent->w_name,
2023 parent->w_class->lc_name, child->w_name,
2024 child->w_class->lc_name);
2026 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2028 adopt(parent, child);
2032 * Generic code for the isitmy*() functions. The rmask parameter is the
2033 * expected relationship of w1 to w2.
2036 _isitmyx(struct witness *w1, struct witness *w2, int rmask, const char *fname)
2038 unsigned char r1, r2;
2043 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(i1);
2044 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(i2);
2045 r1 = w_rmatrix[i1][i2] & WITNESS_RELATED_MASK;
2046 r2 = w_rmatrix[i2][i1] & WITNESS_RELATED_MASK;
2048 /* The flags on one better be the inverse of the flags on the other */
2049 if (!((WITNESS_ATOD(r1) == r2 && WITNESS_DTOA(r2) == r1) ||
2050 (WITNESS_DTOA(r1) == r2 && WITNESS_ATOD(r2) == r1))) {
2051 /* Don't squawk if we're potentially racing with an update. */
2052 if (!mtx_owned(&w_mtx))
2054 printf("%s: rmatrix mismatch between %s (index %d) and %s "
2055 "(index %d): w_rmatrix[%d][%d] == %hhx but "
2056 "w_rmatrix[%d][%d] == %hhx\n",
2057 fname, w1->w_name, i1, w2->w_name, i2, i1, i2, r1,
2060 printf("Witness disabled.\n");
2063 return (r1 & rmask);
2067 * Checks if @child is a direct child of @parent.
2070 isitmychild(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
2073 return (_isitmyx(parent, child, WITNESS_PARENT, __func__));
2077 * Checks if @descendant is a direct or inderect descendant of @ancestor.
2080 isitmydescendant(struct witness *ancestor, struct witness *descendant)
2083 return (_isitmyx(ancestor, descendant, WITNESS_ANCESTOR_MASK,
2089 blessed(struct witness *w1, struct witness *w2)
2092 struct witness_blessed *b;
2094 for (i = 0; i < nitems(blessed_list); i++) {
2095 b = &blessed_list[i];
2096 if (strcmp(w1->w_name, b->b_lock1) == 0) {
2097 if (strcmp(w2->w_name, b->b_lock2) == 0)
2101 if (strcmp(w1->w_name, b->b_lock2) == 0)
2102 if (strcmp(w2->w_name, b->b_lock1) == 0)
2109 static struct witness *
2115 if (witness_cold == 0)
2116 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2118 if (witness_watch == -1) {
2119 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2122 if (STAILQ_EMPTY(&w_free)) {
2124 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2125 printf("WITNESS: unable to allocate a new witness object\n");
2128 w = STAILQ_FIRST(&w_free);
2129 STAILQ_REMOVE_HEAD(&w_free, w_list);
2132 MPASS(index > 0 && index == w_max_used_index+1 &&
2133 index < witness_count);
2134 bzero(w, sizeof(*w));
2136 if (index > w_max_used_index)
2137 w_max_used_index = index;
2142 witness_free(struct witness *w)
2145 STAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&w_free, w, w_list);
2149 static struct lock_list_entry *
2150 witness_lock_list_get(void)
2152 struct lock_list_entry *lle;
2154 if (witness_watch == -1)
2156 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2157 lle = w_lock_list_free;
2160 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2161 printf("%s: witness exhausted\n", __func__);
2164 w_lock_list_free = lle->ll_next;
2165 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2166 bzero(lle, sizeof(*lle));
2171 witness_lock_list_free(struct lock_list_entry *lle)
2174 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2175 lle->ll_next = w_lock_list_free;
2176 w_lock_list_free = lle;
2177 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2180 static struct lock_instance *
2181 find_instance(struct lock_list_entry *list, const struct lock_object *lock)
2183 struct lock_list_entry *lle;
2184 struct lock_instance *instance;
2187 for (lle = list; lle != NULL; lle = lle->ll_next)
2188 for (i = lle->ll_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2189 instance = &lle->ll_children[i];
2190 if (instance->li_lock == lock)
2197 witness_list_lock(struct lock_instance *instance,
2198 int (*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...))
2200 struct lock_object *lock;
2202 lock = instance->li_lock;
2203 prnt("%s %s %s", (instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) != 0 ?
2204 "exclusive" : "shared", LOCK_CLASS(lock)->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
2205 if (lock->lo_witness->w_name != lock->lo_name)
2206 prnt(" (%s)", lock->lo_witness->w_name);
2207 prnt(" r = %d (%p) locked @ %s:%d\n",
2208 instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK, lock,
2209 fixup_filename(instance->li_file), instance->li_line);
2213 witness_output(const char *fmt, ...)
2219 ret = witness_voutput(fmt, ap);
2225 witness_voutput(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
2230 switch (witness_channel) {
2231 case WITNESS_CONSOLE:
2232 ret = vprintf(fmt, ap);
2235 vlog(LOG_NOTICE, fmt, ap);
2245 witness_thread_has_locks(struct thread *td)
2248 if (td->td_sleeplocks == NULL)
2250 return (td->td_sleeplocks->ll_count != 0);
2254 witness_proc_has_locks(struct proc *p)
2258 FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, td) {
2259 if (witness_thread_has_locks(td))
2267 witness_list_locks(struct lock_list_entry **lock_list,
2268 int (*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...))
2270 struct lock_list_entry *lle;
2274 for (lle = *lock_list; lle != NULL; lle = lle->ll_next)
2275 for (i = lle->ll_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2276 witness_list_lock(&lle->ll_children[i], prnt);
2283 * This is a bit risky at best. We call this function when we have timed
2284 * out acquiring a spin lock, and we assume that the other CPU is stuck
2285 * with this lock held. So, we go groveling around in the other CPU's
2286 * per-cpu data to try to find the lock instance for this spin lock to
2287 * see when it was last acquired.
2290 witness_display_spinlock(struct lock_object *lock, struct thread *owner,
2291 int (*prnt)(const char *fmt, ...))
2293 struct lock_instance *instance;
2296 if (owner->td_critnest == 0 || owner->td_oncpu == NOCPU)
2298 pc = pcpu_find(owner->td_oncpu);
2299 instance = find_instance(pc->pc_spinlocks, lock);
2300 if (instance != NULL)
2301 witness_list_lock(instance, prnt);
2305 witness_save(struct lock_object *lock, const char **filep, int *linep)
2307 struct lock_list_entry *lock_list;
2308 struct lock_instance *instance;
2309 struct lock_class *class;
2312 * This function is used independently in locking code to deal with
2313 * Giant, SCHEDULER_STOPPED() check can be removed here after Giant
2316 if (SCHEDULER_STOPPED())
2318 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
2319 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
2321 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
2322 if (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK)
2323 lock_list = curthread->td_sleeplocks;
2325 if (witness_skipspin)
2327 lock_list = PCPU_GET(spinlocks);
2329 instance = find_instance(lock_list, lock);
2330 if (instance == NULL) {
2331 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s not locked", __func__,
2332 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
2335 *filep = instance->li_file;
2336 *linep = instance->li_line;
2340 witness_restore(struct lock_object *lock, const char *file, int line)
2342 struct lock_list_entry *lock_list;
2343 struct lock_instance *instance;
2344 struct lock_class *class;
2347 * This function is used independently in locking code to deal with
2348 * Giant, SCHEDULER_STOPPED() check can be removed here after Giant
2351 if (SCHEDULER_STOPPED())
2353 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
2354 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
2356 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
2357 if (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK)
2358 lock_list = curthread->td_sleeplocks;
2360 if (witness_skipspin)
2362 lock_list = PCPU_GET(spinlocks);
2364 instance = find_instance(lock_list, lock);
2365 if (instance == NULL)
2366 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s not locked", __func__,
2367 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
2368 lock->lo_witness->w_file = file;
2369 lock->lo_witness->w_line = line;
2370 if (instance == NULL)
2372 instance->li_file = file;
2373 instance->li_line = line;
2377 witness_assert(const struct lock_object *lock, int flags, const char *file,
2380 #ifdef INVARIANT_SUPPORT
2381 struct lock_instance *instance;
2382 struct lock_class *class;
2384 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch < 1 || panicstr != NULL)
2386 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
2387 if ((class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK) != 0)
2388 instance = find_instance(curthread->td_sleeplocks, lock);
2389 else if ((class->lc_flags & LC_SPINLOCK) != 0)
2390 instance = find_instance(PCPU_GET(spinlocks), lock);
2392 kassert_panic("Lock (%s) %s is not sleep or spin!",
2393 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
2398 if (instance != NULL)
2399 kassert_panic("Lock (%s) %s locked @ %s:%d.",
2400 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2401 fixup_filename(file), line);
2404 case LA_LOCKED | LA_RECURSED:
2405 case LA_LOCKED | LA_NOTRECURSED:
2407 case LA_SLOCKED | LA_RECURSED:
2408 case LA_SLOCKED | LA_NOTRECURSED:
2410 case LA_XLOCKED | LA_RECURSED:
2411 case LA_XLOCKED | LA_NOTRECURSED:
2412 if (instance == NULL) {
2413 kassert_panic("Lock (%s) %s not locked @ %s:%d.",
2414 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2415 fixup_filename(file), line);
2418 if ((flags & LA_XLOCKED) != 0 &&
2419 (instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) == 0)
2421 "Lock (%s) %s not exclusively locked @ %s:%d.",
2422 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2423 fixup_filename(file), line);
2424 if ((flags & LA_SLOCKED) != 0 &&
2425 (instance->li_flags & LI_EXCLUSIVE) != 0)
2427 "Lock (%s) %s exclusively locked @ %s:%d.",
2428 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2429 fixup_filename(file), line);
2430 if ((flags & LA_RECURSED) != 0 &&
2431 (instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) == 0)
2432 kassert_panic("Lock (%s) %s not recursed @ %s:%d.",
2433 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2434 fixup_filename(file), line);
2435 if ((flags & LA_NOTRECURSED) != 0 &&
2436 (instance->li_flags & LI_RECURSEMASK) != 0)
2437 kassert_panic("Lock (%s) %s recursed @ %s:%d.",
2438 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name,
2439 fixup_filename(file), line);
2442 kassert_panic("Invalid lock assertion at %s:%d.",
2443 fixup_filename(file), line);
2446 #endif /* INVARIANT_SUPPORT */
2450 witness_setflag(struct lock_object *lock, int flag, int set)
2452 struct lock_list_entry *lock_list;
2453 struct lock_instance *instance;
2454 struct lock_class *class;
2456 if (lock->lo_witness == NULL || witness_watch == -1 || panicstr != NULL)
2458 class = LOCK_CLASS(lock);
2459 if (class->lc_flags & LC_SLEEPLOCK)
2460 lock_list = curthread->td_sleeplocks;
2462 if (witness_skipspin)
2464 lock_list = PCPU_GET(spinlocks);
2466 instance = find_instance(lock_list, lock);
2467 if (instance == NULL) {
2468 kassert_panic("%s: lock (%s) %s not locked", __func__,
2469 class->lc_name, lock->lo_name);
2474 instance->li_flags |= flag;
2476 instance->li_flags &= ~flag;
2480 witness_norelease(struct lock_object *lock)
2483 witness_setflag(lock, LI_NORELEASE, 1);
2487 witness_releaseok(struct lock_object *lock)
2490 witness_setflag(lock, LI_NORELEASE, 0);
2495 witness_ddb_list(struct thread *td)
2498 KASSERT(witness_cold == 0, ("%s: witness_cold", __func__));
2499 KASSERT(kdb_active, ("%s: not in the debugger", __func__));
2501 if (witness_watch < 1)
2504 witness_list_locks(&td->td_sleeplocks, db_printf);
2507 * We only handle spinlocks if td == curthread. This is somewhat broken
2508 * if td is currently executing on some other CPU and holds spin locks
2509 * as we won't display those locks. If we had a MI way of getting
2510 * the per-cpu data for a given cpu then we could use
2511 * td->td_oncpu to get the list of spinlocks for this thread
2514 * That still wouldn't really fix this unless we locked the scheduler
2515 * lock or stopped the other CPU to make sure it wasn't changing the
2516 * list out from under us. It is probably best to just not try to
2517 * handle threads on other CPU's for now.
2519 if (td == curthread && PCPU_GET(spinlocks) != NULL)
2520 witness_list_locks(PCPU_PTR(spinlocks), db_printf);
2523 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(locks, db_witness_list)
2528 td = db_lookup_thread(addr, true);
2531 witness_ddb_list(td);
2534 DB_SHOW_ALL_COMMAND(locks, db_witness_list_all)
2540 * It would be nice to list only threads and processes that actually
2541 * held sleep locks, but that information is currently not exported
2544 FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
2545 if (!witness_proc_has_locks(p))
2547 FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, td) {
2548 if (!witness_thread_has_locks(td))
2550 db_printf("Process %d (%s) thread %p (%d)\n", p->p_pid,
2551 p->p_comm, td, td->td_tid);
2552 witness_ddb_list(td);
2558 DB_SHOW_ALIAS(alllocks, db_witness_list_all)
2560 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(witness, db_witness_display)
2563 witness_ddb_display(db_printf);
2568 sbuf_print_witness_badstacks(struct sbuf *sb, size_t *oldidx)
2570 struct witness_lock_order_data *data1, *data2, *tmp_data1, *tmp_data2;
2571 struct witness *tmp_w1, *tmp_w2, *w1, *w2;
2572 int generation, i, j;
2579 /* Allocate and init temporary storage space. */
2580 tmp_w1 = malloc(sizeof(struct witness), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
2581 tmp_w2 = malloc(sizeof(struct witness), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
2582 tmp_data1 = malloc(sizeof(struct witness_lock_order_data), M_TEMP,
2584 tmp_data2 = malloc(sizeof(struct witness_lock_order_data), M_TEMP,
2586 stack_zero(&tmp_data1->wlod_stack);
2587 stack_zero(&tmp_data2->wlod_stack);
2590 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2591 generation = w_generation;
2592 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2593 sbuf_printf(sb, "Number of known direct relationships is %d\n",
2594 w_lohash.wloh_count);
2595 for (i = 1; i < w_max_used_index; i++) {
2596 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2597 if (generation != w_generation) {
2598 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2600 /* The graph has changed, try again. */
2607 if (w1->w_reversed == 0) {
2608 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2612 /* Copy w1 locally so we can release the spin lock. */
2614 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2616 if (tmp_w1->w_reversed == 0)
2618 for (j = 1; j < w_max_used_index; j++) {
2619 if ((w_rmatrix[i][j] & WITNESS_REVERSAL) == 0 || i > j)
2622 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2623 if (generation != w_generation) {
2624 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2626 /* The graph has changed, try again. */
2633 data1 = witness_lock_order_get(w1, w2);
2634 data2 = witness_lock_order_get(w2, w1);
2637 * Copy information locally so we can release the
2643 stack_zero(&tmp_data1->wlod_stack);
2644 stack_copy(&data1->wlod_stack,
2645 &tmp_data1->wlod_stack);
2647 if (data2 && data2 != data1) {
2648 stack_zero(&tmp_data2->wlod_stack);
2649 stack_copy(&data2->wlod_stack,
2650 &tmp_data2->wlod_stack);
2652 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2655 "\nLock order reversal between \"%s\"(%s) and \"%s\"(%s)!\n",
2656 tmp_w1->w_name, tmp_w1->w_class->lc_name,
2657 tmp_w2->w_name, tmp_w2->w_class->lc_name);
2660 "Lock order \"%s\"(%s) -> \"%s\"(%s) first seen at:\n",
2661 tmp_w1->w_name, tmp_w1->w_class->lc_name,
2662 tmp_w2->w_name, tmp_w2->w_class->lc_name);
2663 stack_sbuf_print(sb, &tmp_data1->wlod_stack);
2664 sbuf_printf(sb, "\n");
2666 if (data2 && data2 != data1) {
2668 "Lock order \"%s\"(%s) -> \"%s\"(%s) first seen at:\n",
2669 tmp_w2->w_name, tmp_w2->w_class->lc_name,
2670 tmp_w1->w_name, tmp_w1->w_class->lc_name);
2671 stack_sbuf_print(sb, &tmp_data2->wlod_stack);
2672 sbuf_printf(sb, "\n");
2676 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2677 if (generation != w_generation) {
2678 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2681 * The graph changed while we were printing stack data,
2688 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2690 /* Free temporary storage space. */
2691 free(tmp_data1, M_TEMP);
2692 free(tmp_data2, M_TEMP);
2693 free(tmp_w1, M_TEMP);
2694 free(tmp_w2, M_TEMP);
2698 sysctl_debug_witness_badstacks(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2703 if (witness_watch < 1) {
2704 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, w_notrunning, sizeof(w_notrunning));
2708 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, w_stillcold, sizeof(w_stillcold));
2712 sb = sbuf_new(NULL, NULL, badstack_sbuf_size, SBUF_AUTOEXTEND);
2716 sbuf_print_witness_badstacks(sb, &req->oldidx);
2719 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, sbuf_data(sb), sbuf_len(sb) + 1);
2727 sbuf_db_printf_drain(void *arg __unused, const char *data, int len)
2730 return (db_printf("%.*s", len, data));
2733 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(badstacks, db_witness_badstacks)
2739 sbuf_new(&sb, buffer, sizeof(buffer), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
2740 sbuf_set_drain(&sb, sbuf_db_printf_drain, NULL);
2741 sbuf_print_witness_badstacks(&sb, &dummy);
2747 sysctl_debug_witness_channel(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2749 static const struct {
2750 enum witness_channel channel;
2753 { WITNESS_CONSOLE, "console" },
2754 { WITNESS_LOG, "log" },
2755 { WITNESS_NONE, "none" },
2762 for (i = 0; i < nitems(channels); i++)
2763 if (witness_channel == channels[i].channel) {
2764 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", channels[i].name);
2768 error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
2769 if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
2773 for (i = 0; i < nitems(channels); i++)
2774 if (strcmp(channels[i].name, buf) == 0) {
2775 witness_channel = channels[i].channel;
2783 sysctl_debug_witness_fullgraph(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2790 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, w_notallowed, sizeof(w_notallowed));
2794 if (witness_watch < 1) {
2795 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, w_notrunning, sizeof(w_notrunning));
2799 error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, w_stillcold, sizeof(w_stillcold));
2804 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
2807 sb = sbuf_new_for_sysctl(NULL, NULL, FULLGRAPH_SBUF_SIZE, req);
2810 sbuf_printf(sb, "\n");
2812 mtx_lock_spin(&w_mtx);
2813 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list)
2815 STAILQ_FOREACH(w, &w_all, w_list)
2816 witness_add_fullgraph(sb, w);
2817 mtx_unlock_spin(&w_mtx);
2820 * Close the sbuf and return to userland.
2822 error = sbuf_finish(sb);
2829 sysctl_debug_witness_watch(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
2833 value = witness_watch;
2834 error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &value, 0, req);
2835 if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
2837 if (value > 1 || value < -1 ||
2838 (witness_watch == -1 && value != witness_watch))
2840 witness_watch = value;
2845 witness_add_fullgraph(struct sbuf *sb, struct witness *w)
2849 if (w->w_displayed != 0 || (w->w_file == NULL && w->w_line == 0))
2853 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(w->w_index);
2854 for (i = 1; i <= w_max_used_index; i++) {
2855 if (w_rmatrix[w->w_index][i] & WITNESS_PARENT) {
2856 sbuf_printf(sb, "\"%s\",\"%s\"\n", w->w_name,
2858 witness_add_fullgraph(sb, &w_data[i]);
2864 * A simple hash function. Takes a key pointer and a key size. If size == 0,
2865 * interprets the key as a string and reads until the null
2866 * terminator. Otherwise, reads the first size bytes. Returns an unsigned 32-bit
2867 * hash value computed from the key.
2870 witness_hash_djb2(const uint8_t *key, uint32_t size)
2872 unsigned int hash = 5381;
2875 /* hash = hash * 33 + key[i] */
2877 for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
2878 hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + (unsigned int)key[i];
2880 for (i = 0; key[i] != 0; i++)
2881 hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + (unsigned int)key[i];
2888 * Initializes the two witness hash tables. Called exactly once from
2889 * witness_initialize().
2892 witness_init_hash_tables(void)
2896 MPASS(witness_cold);
2898 /* Initialize the hash tables. */
2899 for (i = 0; i < WITNESS_HASH_SIZE; i++)
2900 w_hash.wh_array[i] = NULL;
2902 w_hash.wh_size = WITNESS_HASH_SIZE;
2903 w_hash.wh_count = 0;
2905 /* Initialize the lock order data hash. */
2907 for (i = 0; i < WITNESS_LO_DATA_COUNT; i++) {
2908 memset(&w_lodata[i], 0, sizeof(w_lodata[i]));
2909 w_lodata[i].wlod_next = w_lofree;
2910 w_lofree = &w_lodata[i];
2912 w_lohash.wloh_size = WITNESS_LO_HASH_SIZE;
2913 w_lohash.wloh_count = 0;
2914 for (i = 0; i < WITNESS_LO_HASH_SIZE; i++)
2915 w_lohash.wloh_array[i] = NULL;
2918 static struct witness *
2919 witness_hash_get(const char *key)
2925 if (witness_cold == 0)
2926 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2927 hash = witness_hash_djb2(key, 0) % w_hash.wh_size;
2928 w = w_hash.wh_array[hash];
2930 if (strcmp(w->w_name, key) == 0)
2940 witness_hash_put(struct witness *w)
2945 MPASS(w->w_name != NULL);
2946 if (witness_cold == 0)
2947 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
2948 KASSERT(witness_hash_get(w->w_name) == NULL,
2949 ("%s: trying to add a hash entry that already exists!", __func__));
2950 KASSERT(w->w_hash_next == NULL,
2951 ("%s: w->w_hash_next != NULL", __func__));
2953 hash = witness_hash_djb2(w->w_name, 0) % w_hash.wh_size;
2954 w->w_hash_next = w_hash.wh_array[hash];
2955 w_hash.wh_array[hash] = w;
2960 static struct witness_lock_order_data *
2961 witness_lock_order_get(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
2963 struct witness_lock_order_data *data = NULL;
2964 struct witness_lock_order_key key;
2967 MPASS(parent != NULL && child != NULL);
2968 key.from = parent->w_index;
2969 key.to = child->w_index;
2970 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(key.from);
2971 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(key.to);
2972 if ((w_rmatrix[parent->w_index][child->w_index]
2973 & WITNESS_LOCK_ORDER_KNOWN) == 0)
2976 hash = witness_hash_djb2((const char*)&key,
2977 sizeof(key)) % w_lohash.wloh_size;
2978 data = w_lohash.wloh_array[hash];
2979 while (data != NULL) {
2980 if (witness_lock_order_key_equal(&data->wlod_key, &key))
2982 data = data->wlod_next;
2990 * Verify that parent and child have a known relationship, are not the same,
2991 * and child is actually a child of parent. This is done without w_mtx
2992 * to avoid contention in the common case.
2995 witness_lock_order_check(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
2998 if (parent != child &&
2999 w_rmatrix[parent->w_index][child->w_index]
3000 & WITNESS_LOCK_ORDER_KNOWN &&
3001 isitmychild(parent, child))
3008 witness_lock_order_add(struct witness *parent, struct witness *child)
3010 struct witness_lock_order_data *data = NULL;
3011 struct witness_lock_order_key key;
3014 MPASS(parent != NULL && child != NULL);
3015 key.from = parent->w_index;
3016 key.to = child->w_index;
3017 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(key.from);
3018 WITNESS_INDEX_ASSERT(key.to);
3019 if (w_rmatrix[parent->w_index][child->w_index]
3020 & WITNESS_LOCK_ORDER_KNOWN)
3023 hash = witness_hash_djb2((const char*)&key,
3024 sizeof(key)) % w_lohash.wloh_size;
3025 w_rmatrix[parent->w_index][child->w_index] |= WITNESS_LOCK_ORDER_KNOWN;
3029 w_lofree = data->wlod_next;
3030 data->wlod_next = w_lohash.wloh_array[hash];
3031 data->wlod_key = key;
3032 w_lohash.wloh_array[hash] = data;
3033 w_lohash.wloh_count++;
3034 stack_zero(&data->wlod_stack);
3035 stack_save(&data->wlod_stack);
3039 /* Call this whenever the structure of the witness graph changes. */
3041 witness_increment_graph_generation(void)
3044 if (witness_cold == 0)
3045 mtx_assert(&w_mtx, MA_OWNED);
3050 witness_output_drain(void *arg __unused, const char *data, int len)
3053 witness_output("%.*s", len, data);
3058 witness_debugger(int cond, const char *msg)
3067 if (witness_trace) {
3068 sbuf_new(&sb, buf, sizeof(buf), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
3069 sbuf_set_drain(&sb, witness_output_drain, NULL);
3073 witness_output("stack backtrace:\n");
3074 stack_sbuf_print_ddb(&sb, &st);
3081 kdb_enter(KDB_WHY_WITNESS, msg);