sys/kern/vfs_cluster.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  * Modifications/enhancements:
   5  *      Copyright (c) 1995 John S. Dyson.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  15  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  17  *    without specific prior written permission.
  18  *
  19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  30  *
  31  *      @(#)vfs_cluster.c       8.7 (Berkeley) 2/13/94
  32  */
  33
  34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  35 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  36
  37 #include "opt_debug_cluster.h"
  38
  39 #include <sys/param.h>
  40 #include <sys/systm.h>
  41 #include <sys/kernel.h>
  42 #include <sys/proc.h>
  43 #include <sys/bio.h>
  44 #include <sys/buf.h>
  45 #include <sys/vnode.h>
  46 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  47 #include <sys/mount.h>
  48 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
  49 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  50 #include <vm/vm.h>
  51 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
  52 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
  53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  54
  55 #if defined(CLUSTERDEBUG)
  56 static int      rcluster= 0;
  57 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, rcluster, CTLFLAG_RW, &rcluster, 0,
  58     "Debug VFS clustering code");
  59 #endif
  60
  61 static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_SEGMENT, "cl_savebuf", "cluster_save buffer");
  62
  63 static struct cluster_save *
  64         cluster_collectbufs(struct vnode *vp, struct buf *last_bp);
  65 static struct buf *
  66         cluster_rbuild(struct vnode *vp, u_quad_t filesize, daddr_t lbn,
  67                          daddr_t blkno, long size, int run, struct buf *fbp);
  68 static void cluster_callback(struct buf *);
  69
  70 static int write_behind = 1;
  71 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, write_behind, CTLFLAG_RW, &write_behind, 0,
  72     "Cluster write-behind; 0: disable, 1: enable, 2: backed off");
  73
  74 static int read_max = 8;
  75 SYSCTL_INT(_vfs, OID_AUTO, read_max, CTLFLAG_RW, &read_max, 0,
  76     "Cluster read-ahead max block count");
  77
  78 /* Page expended to mark partially backed buffers */
  79 extern vm_page_t        bogus_page;
  80
  81 /*
  82  * Read data to a buf, including read-ahead if we find this to be beneficial.
  83  * cluster_read replaces bread.
  84  */
  85 int
  86 cluster_read(vp, filesize, lblkno, size, cred, totread, seqcount, bpp)
  87         struct vnode *vp;
  88         u_quad_t filesize;
  89         daddr_t lblkno;
  90         long size;
  91         struct ucred *cred;
  92         long totread;
  93         int seqcount;
  94         struct buf **bpp;
  95 {
  96         struct buf *bp, *rbp, *reqbp;
  97         struct bufobj *bo;
  98         daddr_t blkno, origblkno;
  99         int maxra, racluster;
 100         int error, ncontig;
 101         int i;
 102
 103         error = 0;
 104         bo = &vp->v_bufobj;
 105
 106         /*
 107          * Try to limit the amount of read-ahead by a few
 108          * ad-hoc parameters.  This needs work!!!
 109          */
 110         racluster = vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / size;
 111         maxra = seqcount;
 112         maxra = min(read_max, maxra);
 113         maxra = min(nbuf/8, maxra);
 114         if (((u_quad_t)(lblkno + maxra + 1) * size) > filesize)
 115                 maxra = (filesize / size) - lblkno;
 116
 117         /*
 118          * get the requested block
 119          */
 120         *bpp = reqbp = bp = getblk(vp, lblkno, size, 0, 0, 0);
 121         origblkno = lblkno;
 122
 123         /*
 124          * if it is in the cache, then check to see if the reads have been
 125          * sequential.  If they have, then try some read-ahead, otherwise
 126          * back-off on prospective read-aheads.
 127          */
 128         if (bp->b_flags & B_CACHE) {
 129                 if (!seqcount) {
 130                         return 0;
 131                 } else if ((bp->b_flags & B_RAM) == 0) {
 132                         return 0;
 133                 } else {
 134                         bp->b_flags &= ~B_RAM;
 135                         BO_LOCK(bo);
 136                         for (i = 1; i < maxra; i++) {
 137                                 /*
 138                                  * Stop if the buffer does not exist or it
 139                                  * is invalid (about to go away?)
 140                                  */
 141                                 rbp = gbincore(&vp->v_bufobj, lblkno+i);
 142                                 if (rbp == NULL || (rbp->b_flags & B_INVAL))
 143                                         break;
 144
 145                                 /*
 146                                  * Set another read-ahead mark so we know
 147                                  * to check again. (If we can lock the
 148                                  * buffer without waiting)
 149                                  */
 150                                 if ((((i % racluster) == (racluster - 1)) ||
 151                                     (i == (maxra - 1)))
 152                                     && (0 == BUF_LOCK(rbp,
 153                                         LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT, NULL))) {
 154                                         rbp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
 155                                         BUF_UNLOCK(rbp);
 156                                 }
 157                         }
 158                         BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 159                         if (i >= maxra) {
 160                                 return 0;
 161                         }
 162                         lblkno += i;
 163                 }
 164                 reqbp = bp = NULL;
 165         /*
 166          * If it isn't in the cache, then get a chunk from
 167          * disk if sequential, otherwise just get the block.
 168          */
 169         } else {
 170                 off_t firstread = bp->b_offset;
 171                 int nblks;
 172
 173                 KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET,
 174                     ("cluster_read: no buffer offset"));
 175
 176                 ncontig = 0;
 177
 178                 /*
 179                  * Compute the total number of blocks that we should read
 180                  * synchronously.
 181                  */
 182                 if (firstread + totread > filesize)
 183                         totread = filesize - firstread;
 184                 nblks = howmany(totread, size);
 185                 if (nblks > racluster)
 186                         nblks = racluster;
 187
 188                 /*
 189                  * Now compute the number of contiguous blocks.
 190                  */
 191                 if (nblks > 1) {
 192                         error = VOP_BMAP(vp, lblkno, NULL,
 193                                 &blkno, &ncontig, NULL);
 194                         /*
 195                          * If this failed to map just do the original block.
 196                          */
 197                         if (error || blkno == -1)
 198                                 ncontig = 0;
 199                 }
 200
 201                 /*
 202                  * If we have contiguous data available do a cluster
 203                  * otherwise just read the requested block.
 204                  */
 205                 if (ncontig) {
 206                         /* Account for our first block. */
 207                         ncontig = min(ncontig + 1, nblks);
 208                         if (ncontig < nblks)
 209                                 nblks = ncontig;
 210                         bp = cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lblkno,
 211                                 blkno, size, nblks, bp);
 212                         lblkno += (bp->b_bufsize / size);
 213                 } else {
 214                         bp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
 215                         bp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 216                         lblkno += 1;
 217                 }
 218         }
 219
 220         /*
 221          * handle the synchronous read so that it is available ASAP.
 222          */
 223         if (bp) {
 224                 if ((bp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) == 0) {
 225                         vfs_busy_pages(bp, 0);
 226                 }
 227                 bp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
 228                 bp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
 229                 if ((bp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) || bp->b_iodone != NULL)
 230                         BUF_KERNPROC(bp);
 231                 bp->b_iooffset = dbtob(bp->b_blkno);
 232                 bstrategy(bp);
 233                 curthread->td_ru.ru_inblock++;
 234         }
 235
 236         /*
 237          * If we have been doing sequential I/O, then do some read-ahead.
 238          */
 239         while (lblkno < (origblkno + maxra)) {
 240                 error = VOP_BMAP(vp, lblkno, NULL, &blkno, &ncontig, NULL);
 241                 if (error)
 242                         break;
 243
 244                 if (blkno == -1)
 245                         break;
 246
 247                 /*
 248                  * We could throttle ncontig here by maxra but we might as
 249                  * well read the data if it is contiguous.  We're throttled
 250                  * by racluster anyway.
 251                  */
 252                 if (ncontig) {
 253                         ncontig = min(ncontig + 1, racluster);
 254                         rbp = cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lblkno, blkno,
 255                                 size, ncontig, NULL);
 256                         lblkno += (rbp->b_bufsize / size);
 257                         if (rbp->b_flags & B_DELWRI) {
 258                                 bqrelse(rbp);
 259                                 continue;
 260                         }
 261                 } else {
 262                         rbp = getblk(vp, lblkno, size, 0, 0, 0);
 263                         lblkno += 1;
 264                         if (rbp->b_flags & B_DELWRI) {
 265                                 bqrelse(rbp);
 266                                 continue;
 267                         }
 268                         rbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC | B_RAM;
 269                         rbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 270                         rbp->b_blkno = blkno;
 271                 }
 272                 if (rbp->b_flags & B_CACHE) {
 273                         rbp->b_flags &= ~B_ASYNC;
 274                         bqrelse(rbp);
 275                         continue;
 276                 }
 277                 if ((rbp->b_flags & B_CLUSTER) == 0) {
 278                         vfs_busy_pages(rbp, 0);
 279                 }
 280                 rbp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
 281                 rbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
 282                 if ((rbp->b_flags & B_ASYNC) || rbp->b_iodone != NULL)
 283                         BUF_KERNPROC(rbp);
 284                 rbp->b_iooffset = dbtob(rbp->b_blkno);
 285                 bstrategy(rbp);
 286                 curthread->td_ru.ru_inblock++;
 287         }
 288
 289         if (reqbp)
 290                 return (bufwait(reqbp));
 291         else
 292                 return (error);
 293 }
 294
 295 /*
 296  * If blocks are contiguous on disk, use this to provide clustered
 297  * read ahead.  We will read as many blocks as possible sequentially
 298  * and then parcel them up into logical blocks in the buffer hash table.
 299  */
 300 static struct buf *
 301 cluster_rbuild(vp, filesize, lbn, blkno, size, run, fbp)
 302         struct vnode *vp;
 303         u_quad_t filesize;
 304         daddr_t lbn;
 305         daddr_t blkno;
 306         long size;
 307         int run;
 308         struct buf *fbp;
 309 {
 310         struct bufobj *bo;
 311         struct buf *bp, *tbp;
 312         daddr_t bn;
 313         int i, inc, j;
 314
 315         KASSERT(size == vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize,
 316             ("cluster_rbuild: size %ld != filesize %jd\n",
 317             size, (intmax_t)vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize));
 318
 319         /*
 320          * avoid a division
 321          */
 322         while ((u_quad_t) size * (lbn + run) > filesize) {
 323                 --run;
 324         }
 325
 326         if (fbp) {
 327                 tbp = fbp;
 328                 tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 329         } else {
 330                 tbp = getblk(vp, lbn, size, 0, 0, 0);
 331                 if (tbp->b_flags & B_CACHE)
 332                         return tbp;
 333                 tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC | B_RAM;
 334                 tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 335         }
 336         tbp->b_blkno = blkno;
 337         if( (tbp->b_flags & B_MALLOC) ||
 338                 ((tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) == 0) || (run <= 1) )
 339                 return tbp;
 340
 341         bp = trypbuf(&cluster_pbuf_freecnt);
 342         if (bp == 0)
 343                 return tbp;
 344
 345         /*
 346          * We are synthesizing a buffer out of vm_page_t's, but
 347          * if the block size is not page aligned then the starting
 348          * address may not be either.  Inherit the b_data offset
 349          * from the original buffer.
 350          */
 351         bp->b_data = (char *)((vm_offset_t)bp->b_data |
 352             ((vm_offset_t)tbp->b_data & PAGE_MASK));
 353         bp->b_flags = B_ASYNC | B_CLUSTER | B_VMIO;
 354         bp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 355         bp->b_iodone = cluster_callback;
 356         bp->b_blkno = blkno;
 357         bp->b_lblkno = lbn;
 358         bp->b_offset = tbp->b_offset;
 359         KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET, ("cluster_rbuild: no buffer offset"));
 360         pbgetvp(vp, bp);
 361
 362         TAILQ_INIT(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
 363
 364         bp->b_bcount = 0;
 365         bp->b_bufsize = 0;
 366         bp->b_npages = 0;
 367
 368         inc = btodb(size);
 369         bo = &vp->v_bufobj;
 370         for (bn = blkno, i = 0; i < run; ++i, bn += inc) {
 371                 if (i != 0) {
 372                         if ((bp->b_npages * PAGE_SIZE) +
 373                             round_page(size) > vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max) {
 374                                 break;
 375                         }
 376
 377                         tbp = getblk(vp, lbn + i, size, 0, 0, GB_LOCK_NOWAIT);
 378
 379                         /* Don't wait around for locked bufs. */
 380                         if (tbp == NULL)
 381                                 break;
 382
 383                         /*
 384                          * Stop scanning if the buffer is fully valid
 385                          * (marked B_CACHE), or locked (may be doing a
 386                          * background write), or if the buffer is not
 387                          * VMIO backed.  The clustering code can only deal
 388                          * with VMIO-backed buffers.
 389                          */
 390                         BO_LOCK(bo);
 391                         if ((tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG) ||
 392                             (tbp->b_flags & B_CACHE) ||
 393                             (tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) == 0) {
 394                                 BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 395                                 bqrelse(tbp);
 396                                 break;
 397                         }
 398                         BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 399
 400                         /*
 401                          * The buffer must be completely invalid in order to
 402                          * take part in the cluster.  If it is partially valid
 403                          * then we stop.
 404                          */
 405                         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 406                         for (j = 0;j < tbp->b_npages; j++) {
 407                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(tbp->b_pages[j]->object,
 408                                     MA_OWNED);
 409                                 if (tbp->b_pages[j]->valid)
 410                                         break;
 411                         }
 412                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 413                         if (j != tbp->b_npages) {
 414                                 bqrelse(tbp);
 415                                 break;
 416                         }
 417
 418                         /*
 419                          * Set a read-ahead mark as appropriate
 420                          */
 421                         if ((fbp && (i == 1)) || (i == (run - 1)))
 422                                 tbp->b_flags |= B_RAM;
 423
 424                         /*
 425                          * Set the buffer up for an async read (XXX should
 426                          * we do this only if we do not wind up brelse()ing?).
 427                          * Set the block number if it isn't set, otherwise
 428                          * if it is make sure it matches the block number we
 429                          * expect.
 430                          */
 431                         tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC;
 432                         tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_READ;
 433                         if (tbp->b_blkno == tbp->b_lblkno) {
 434                                 tbp->b_blkno = bn;
 435                         } else if (tbp->b_blkno != bn) {
 436                                 brelse(tbp);
 437                                 break;
 438                         }
 439                 }
 440                 /*
 441                  * XXX fbp from caller may not be B_ASYNC, but we are going
 442                  * to biodone() it in cluster_callback() anyway
 443                  */
 444                 BUF_KERNPROC(tbp);
 445                 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
 446                         tbp, b_cluster.cluster_entry);
 447                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 448                 for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
 449                         vm_page_t m;
 450                         m = tbp->b_pages[j];
 451                         vm_page_io_start(m);
 452                         vm_object_pip_add(m->object, 1);
 453                         if ((bp->b_npages == 0) ||
 454                                 (bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages-1] != m)) {
 455                                 bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages] = m;
 456                                 bp->b_npages++;
 457                         }
 458                         if ((m->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
 459                                 tbp->b_pages[j] = bogus_page;
 460                 }
 461                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 462                 /*
 463                  * XXX shouldn't this be += size for both, like in
 464                  * cluster_wbuild()?
 465                  *
 466                  * Don't inherit tbp->b_bufsize as it may be larger due to
 467                  * a non-page-aligned size.  Instead just aggregate using
 468                  * 'size'.
 469                  */
 470                 if (tbp->b_bcount != size)
 471                         printf("warning: tbp->b_bcount wrong %ld vs %ld\n", tbp->b_bcount, size);
 472                 if (tbp->b_bufsize != size)
 473                         printf("warning: tbp->b_bufsize wrong %ld vs %ld\n", tbp->b_bufsize, size);
 474                 bp->b_bcount += size;
 475                 bp->b_bufsize += size;
 476         }
 477
 478         /*
 479          * Fully valid pages in the cluster are already good and do not need
 480          * to be re-read from disk.  Replace the page with bogus_page
 481          */
 482         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(bp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 483         for (j = 0; j < bp->b_npages; j++) {
 484                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(bp->b_pages[j]->object, MA_OWNED);
 485                 if ((bp->b_pages[j]->valid & VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) ==
 486                     VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
 487                         bp->b_pages[j] = bogus_page;
 488                 }
 489         }
 490         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(bp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 491         if (bp->b_bufsize > bp->b_kvasize)
 492                 panic("cluster_rbuild: b_bufsize(%ld) > b_kvasize(%d)\n",
 493                     bp->b_bufsize, bp->b_kvasize);
 494         bp->b_kvasize = bp->b_bufsize;
 495
 496         pmap_qenter(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data),
 497                 (vm_page_t *)bp->b_pages, bp->b_npages);
 498         return (bp);
 499 }
 500
 501 /*
 502  * Cleanup after a clustered read or write.
 503  * This is complicated by the fact that any of the buffers might have
 504  * extra memory (if there were no empty buffer headers at allocbuf time)
 505  * that we will need to shift around.
 506  */
 507 static void
 508 cluster_callback(bp)
 509         struct buf *bp;
 510 {
 511         struct buf *nbp, *tbp;
 512         int error = 0;
 513
 514         /*
 515          * Must propogate errors to all the components.
 516          */
 517         if (bp->b_ioflags & BIO_ERROR)
 518                 error = bp->b_error;
 519
 520         pmap_qremove(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data), bp->b_npages);
 521         /*
 522          * Move memory from the large cluster buffer into the component
 523          * buffers and mark IO as done on these.
 524          */
 525         for (tbp = TAILQ_FIRST(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
 526                 tbp; tbp = nbp) {
 527                 nbp = TAILQ_NEXT(&tbp->b_cluster, cluster_entry);
 528                 if (error) {
 529                         tbp->b_ioflags |= BIO_ERROR;
 530                         tbp->b_error = error;
 531                 } else {
 532                         tbp->b_dirtyoff = tbp->b_dirtyend = 0;
 533                         tbp->b_flags &= ~B_INVAL;
 534                         tbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
 535                         /*
 536                          * XXX the bdwrite()/bqrelse() issued during
 537                          * cluster building clears B_RELBUF (see bqrelse()
 538                          * comment).  If direct I/O was specified, we have
 539                          * to restore it here to allow the buffer and VM
 540                          * to be freed.
 541                          */
 542                         if (tbp->b_flags & B_DIRECT)
 543                                 tbp->b_flags |= B_RELBUF;
 544                 }
 545                 bufdone(tbp);
 546         }
 547         pbrelvp(bp);
 548         relpbuf(bp, &cluster_pbuf_freecnt);
 549 }
 550
 551 /*
 552  *      cluster_wbuild_wb:
 553  *
 554  *      Implement modified write build for cluster.
 555  *
 556  *              write_behind = 0        write behind disabled
 557  *              write_behind = 1        write behind normal (default)
 558  *              write_behind = 2        write behind backed-off
 559  */
 560
 561 static __inline int
 562 cluster_wbuild_wb(struct vnode *vp, long size, daddr_t start_lbn, int len)
 563 {
 564         int r = 0;
 565
 566         switch(write_behind) {
 567         case 2:
 568                 if (start_lbn < len)
 569                         break;
 570                 start_lbn -= len;
 571                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 572         case 1:
 573                 r = cluster_wbuild(vp, size, start_lbn, len);
 574                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 575         default:
 576                 /* FALLTHROUGH */
 577                 break;
 578         }
 579         return(r);
 580 }
 581
 582 /*
 583  * Do clustered write for FFS.
 584  *
 585  * Three cases:
 586  *      1. Write is not sequential (write asynchronously)
 587  *      Write is sequential:
 588  *      2.      beginning of cluster - begin cluster
 589  *      3.      middle of a cluster - add to cluster
 590  *      4.      end of a cluster - asynchronously write cluster
 591  */
 592 void
 593 cluster_write(struct vnode *vp, struct buf *bp, u_quad_t filesize, int seqcount)
 594 {
 595         daddr_t lbn;
 596         int maxclen, cursize;
 597         int lblocksize;
 598         int async;
 599
 600         if (vp->v_type == VREG) {
 601                 async = vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag & MNTK_ASYNC;
 602                 lblocksize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
 603         } else {
 604                 async = 0;
 605                 lblocksize = bp->b_bufsize;
 606         }
 607         lbn = bp->b_lblkno;
 608         KASSERT(bp->b_offset != NOOFFSET, ("cluster_write: no buffer offset"));
 609
 610         /* Initialize vnode to beginning of file. */
 611         if (lbn == 0)
 612                 vp->v_lasta = vp->v_clen = vp->v_cstart = vp->v_lastw = 0;
 613
 614         if (vp->v_clen == 0 || lbn != vp->v_lastw + 1 ||
 615             (bp->b_blkno != vp->v_lasta + btodb(lblocksize))) {
 616                 maxclen = vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / lblocksize - 1;
 617                 if (vp->v_clen != 0) {
 618                         /*
 619                          * Next block is not sequential.
 620                          *
 621                          * If we are not writing at end of file, the process
 622                          * seeked to another point in the file since its last
 623                          * write, or we have reached our maximum cluster size,
 624                          * then push the previous cluster. Otherwise try
 625                          * reallocating to make it sequential.
 626                          *
 627                          * Change to algorithm: only push previous cluster if
 628                          * it was sequential from the point of view of the
 629                          * seqcount heuristic, otherwise leave the buffer
 630                          * intact so we can potentially optimize the I/O
 631                          * later on in the buf_daemon or update daemon
 632                          * flush.
 633                          */
 634                         cursize = vp->v_lastw - vp->v_cstart + 1;
 635                         if (((u_quad_t) bp->b_offset + lblocksize) != filesize ||
 636                             lbn != vp->v_lastw + 1 || vp->v_clen <= cursize) {
 637                                 if (!async && seqcount > 0) {
 638                                         cluster_wbuild_wb(vp, lblocksize,
 639                                                 vp->v_cstart, cursize);
 640                                 }
 641                         } else {
 642                                 struct buf **bpp, **endbp;
 643                                 struct cluster_save *buflist;
 644
 645                                 buflist = cluster_collectbufs(vp, bp);
 646                                 endbp = &buflist->bs_children
 647                                     [buflist->bs_nchildren - 1];
 648                                 if (VOP_REALLOCBLKS(vp, buflist)) {
 649                                         /*
 650                                          * Failed, push the previous cluster
 651                                          * if *really* writing sequentially
 652                                          * in the logical file (seqcount > 1),
 653                                          * otherwise delay it in the hopes that
 654                                          * the low level disk driver can
 655                                          * optimize the write ordering.
 656                                          */
 657                                         for (bpp = buflist->bs_children;
 658                                              bpp < endbp; bpp++)
 659                                                 brelse(*bpp);
 660                                         free(buflist, M_SEGMENT);
 661                                         if (seqcount > 1) {
 662                                                 cluster_wbuild_wb(vp,
 663                                                     lblocksize, vp->v_cstart,
 664                                                     cursize);
 665                                         }
 666                                 } else {
 667                                         /*
 668                                          * Succeeded, keep building cluster.
 669                                          */
 670                                         for (bpp = buflist->bs_children;
 671                                              bpp <= endbp; bpp++)
 672                                                 bdwrite(*bpp);
 673                                         free(buflist, M_SEGMENT);
 674                                         vp->v_lastw = lbn;
 675                                         vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
 676                                         return;
 677                                 }
 678                         }
 679                 }
 680                 /*
 681                  * Consider beginning a cluster. If at end of file, make
 682                  * cluster as large as possible, otherwise find size of
 683                  * existing cluster.
 684                  */
 685                 if ((vp->v_type == VREG) &&
 686                         ((u_quad_t) bp->b_offset + lblocksize) != filesize &&
 687                     (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno) &&
 688                     (VOP_BMAP(vp, lbn, NULL, &bp->b_blkno, &maxclen, NULL) ||
 689                      bp->b_blkno == -1)) {
 690                         bawrite(bp);
 691                         vp->v_clen = 0;
 692                         vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
 693                         vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
 694                         vp->v_lastw = lbn;
 695                         return;
 696                 }
 697                 vp->v_clen = maxclen;
 698                 if (!async && maxclen == 0) {   /* I/O not contiguous */
 699                         vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
 700                         bawrite(bp);
 701                 } else {        /* Wait for rest of cluster */
 702                         vp->v_cstart = lbn;
 703                         bdwrite(bp);
 704                 }
 705         } else if (lbn == vp->v_cstart + vp->v_clen) {
 706                 /*
 707                  * At end of cluster, write it out if seqcount tells us we
 708                  * are operating sequentially, otherwise let the buf or
 709                  * update daemon handle it.
 710                  */
 711                 bdwrite(bp);
 712                 if (seqcount > 1)
 713                         cluster_wbuild_wb(vp, lblocksize, vp->v_cstart, vp->v_clen + 1);
 714                 vp->v_clen = 0;
 715                 vp->v_cstart = lbn + 1;
 716         } else if (vm_page_count_severe()) {
 717                 /*
 718                  * We are low on memory, get it going NOW
 719                  */
 720                 bawrite(bp);
 721         } else {
 722                 /*
 723                  * In the middle of a cluster, so just delay the I/O for now.
 724                  */
 725                 bdwrite(bp);
 726         }
 727         vp->v_lastw = lbn;
 728         vp->v_lasta = bp->b_blkno;
 729 }
 730
 731
 732 /*
 733  * This is an awful lot like cluster_rbuild...wish they could be combined.
 734  * The last lbn argument is the current block on which I/O is being
 735  * performed.  Check to see that it doesn't fall in the middle of
 736  * the current block (if last_bp == NULL).
 737  */
 738 int
 739 cluster_wbuild(vp, size, start_lbn, len)
 740         struct vnode *vp;
 741         long size;
 742         daddr_t start_lbn;
 743         int len;
 744 {
 745         struct buf *bp, *tbp;
 746         struct bufobj *bo;
 747         int i, j;
 748         int totalwritten = 0;
 749         int dbsize = btodb(size);
 750
 751         bo = &vp->v_bufobj;
 752         while (len > 0) {
 753                 /*
 754                  * If the buffer is not delayed-write (i.e. dirty), or it
 755                  * is delayed-write but either locked or inval, it cannot
 756                  * partake in the clustered write.
 757                  */
 758                 BO_LOCK(bo);
 759                 if ((tbp = gbincore(&vp->v_bufobj, start_lbn)) == NULL ||
 760                     (tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG)) {
 761                         BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 762                         ++start_lbn;
 763                         --len;
 764                         continue;
 765                 }
 766                 if (BUF_LOCK(tbp,
 767                     LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK, BO_MTX(bo))) {
 768                         ++start_lbn;
 769                         --len;
 770                         continue;
 771                 }
 772                 if ((tbp->b_flags & (B_INVAL | B_DELWRI)) != B_DELWRI) {
 773                         BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
 774                         ++start_lbn;
 775                         --len;
 776                         continue;
 777                 }
 778                 if (tbp->b_pin_count >  0) {
 779                         BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
 780                         ++start_lbn;
 781                         --len;
 782                         continue;
 783                 }
 784                 bremfree(tbp);
 785                 tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
 786
 787                 /*
 788                  * Extra memory in the buffer, punt on this buffer.
 789                  * XXX we could handle this in most cases, but we would
 790                  * have to push the extra memory down to after our max
 791                  * possible cluster size and then potentially pull it back
 792                  * up if the cluster was terminated prematurely--too much
 793                  * hassle.
 794                  */
 795                 if (((tbp->b_flags & (B_CLUSTEROK | B_MALLOC | B_VMIO)) !=
 796                      (B_CLUSTEROK | B_VMIO)) ||
 797                   (tbp->b_bcount != tbp->b_bufsize) ||
 798                   (tbp->b_bcount != size) ||
 799                   (len == 1) ||
 800                   ((bp = getpbuf(&cluster_pbuf_freecnt)) == NULL)) {
 801                         totalwritten += tbp->b_bufsize;
 802                         bawrite(tbp);
 803                         ++start_lbn;
 804                         --len;
 805                         continue;
 806                 }
 807
 808                 /*
 809                  * We got a pbuf to make the cluster in.
 810                  * so initialise it.
 811                  */
 812                 TAILQ_INIT(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head);
 813                 bp->b_bcount = 0;
 814                 bp->b_bufsize = 0;
 815                 bp->b_npages = 0;
 816                 if (tbp->b_wcred != NOCRED)
 817                         bp->b_wcred = crhold(tbp->b_wcred);
 818
 819                 bp->b_blkno = tbp->b_blkno;
 820                 bp->b_lblkno = tbp->b_lblkno;
 821                 bp->b_offset = tbp->b_offset;
 822
 823                 /*
 824                  * We are synthesizing a buffer out of vm_page_t's, but
 825                  * if the block size is not page aligned then the starting
 826                  * address may not be either.  Inherit the b_data offset
 827                  * from the original buffer.
 828                  */
 829                 bp->b_data = (char *)((vm_offset_t)bp->b_data |
 830                     ((vm_offset_t)tbp->b_data & PAGE_MASK));
 831                 bp->b_flags |= B_CLUSTER |
 832                                 (tbp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_NEEDCOMMIT));
 833                 bp->b_iodone = cluster_callback;
 834                 pbgetvp(vp, bp);
 835                 /*
 836                  * From this location in the file, scan forward to see
 837                  * if there are buffers with adjacent data that need to
 838                  * be written as well.
 839                  */
 840                 for (i = 0; i < len; ++i, ++start_lbn) {
 841                         if (i != 0) { /* If not the first buffer */
 842                                 /*
 843                                  * If the adjacent data is not even in core it
 844                                  * can't need to be written.
 845                                  */
 846                                 BO_LOCK(bo);
 847                                 if ((tbp = gbincore(bo, start_lbn)) == NULL ||
 848                                     (tbp->b_vflags & BV_BKGRDINPROG)) {
 849                                         BO_UNLOCK(bo);
 850                                         break;
 851                                 }
 852
 853                                 /*
 854                                  * If it IS in core, but has different
 855                                  * characteristics, or is locked (which
 856                                  * means it could be undergoing a background
 857                                  * I/O or be in a weird state), then don't
 858                                  * cluster with it.
 859                                  */
 860                                 if (BUF_LOCK(tbp,
 861                                     LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT | LK_INTERLOCK,
 862                                     BO_MTX(bo)))
 863                                         break;
 864
 865                                 if ((tbp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_CLUSTEROK |
 866                                     B_INVAL | B_DELWRI | B_NEEDCOMMIT))
 867                                     != (B_DELWRI | B_CLUSTEROK |
 868                                     (bp->b_flags & (B_VMIO | B_NEEDCOMMIT))) ||
 869                                     tbp->b_wcred != bp->b_wcred) {
 870                                         BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
 871                                         break;
 872                                 }
 873
 874                                 /*
 875                                  * Check that the combined cluster
 876                                  * would make sense with regard to pages
 877                                  * and would not be too large
 878                                  */
 879                                 if ((tbp->b_bcount != size) ||
 880                                   ((bp->b_blkno + (dbsize * i)) !=
 881                                     tbp->b_blkno) ||
 882                                   ((tbp->b_npages + bp->b_npages) >
 883                                     (vp->v_mount->mnt_iosize_max / PAGE_SIZE))) {
 884                                         BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
 885                                         break;
 886                                 }
 887
 888                                 /*
 889                                  * Do not pull in pinned buffers.
 890                                  */
 891                                 if (tbp->b_pin_count > 0) {
 892                                         BUF_UNLOCK(tbp);
 893                                         break;
 894                                 }
 895
 896                                 /*
 897                                  * Ok, it's passed all the tests,
 898                                  * so remove it from the free list
 899                                  * and mark it busy. We will use it.
 900                                  */
 901                                 bremfree(tbp);
 902                                 tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
 903                         } /* end of code for non-first buffers only */
 904                         /*
 905                          * If the IO is via the VM then we do some
 906                          * special VM hackery (yuck).  Since the buffer's
 907                          * block size may not be page-aligned it is possible
 908                          * for a page to be shared between two buffers.  We
 909                          * have to get rid of the duplication when building
 910                          * the cluster.
 911                          */
 912                         if (tbp->b_flags & B_VMIO) {
 913                                 vm_page_t m;
 914
 915                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 916                                 if (i != 0) { /* if not first buffer */
 917                                         for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
 918                                                 m = tbp->b_pages[j];
 919                                                 if (m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) {
 920                                                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(
 921                                                             tbp->b_object);
 922                                                         bqrelse(tbp);
 923                                                         goto finishcluster;
 924                                                 }
 925                                         }
 926                                 }
 927                                 for (j = 0; j < tbp->b_npages; j += 1) {
 928                                         m = tbp->b_pages[j];
 929                                         vm_page_io_start(m);
 930                                         vm_object_pip_add(m->object, 1);
 931                                         if ((bp->b_npages == 0) ||
 932                                           (bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages - 1] != m)) {
 933                                                 bp->b_pages[bp->b_npages] = m;
 934                                                 bp->b_npages++;
 935                                         }
 936                                 }
 937                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tbp->b_bufobj->bo_object);
 938                         }
 939                         bp->b_bcount += size;
 940                         bp->b_bufsize += size;
 941                         bundirty(tbp);
 942                         tbp->b_flags &= ~B_DONE;
 943                         tbp->b_ioflags &= ~BIO_ERROR;
 944                         tbp->b_flags |= B_ASYNC;
 945                         tbp->b_iocmd = BIO_WRITE;
 946                         reassignbuf(tbp);               /* put on clean list */
 947                         bufobj_wref(tbp->b_bufobj);
 948                         BUF_KERNPROC(tbp);
 949                         TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&bp->b_cluster.cluster_head,
 950                                 tbp, b_cluster.cluster_entry);
 951                 }
 952         finishcluster:
 953                 pmap_qenter(trunc_page((vm_offset_t) bp->b_data),
 954                         (vm_page_t *) bp->b_pages, bp->b_npages);
 955                 if (bp->b_bufsize > bp->b_kvasize)
 956                         panic(
 957                             "cluster_wbuild: b_bufsize(%ld) > b_kvasize(%d)\n",
 958                             bp->b_bufsize, bp->b_kvasize);
 959                 bp->b_kvasize = bp->b_bufsize;
 960                 totalwritten += bp->b_bufsize;
 961                 bp->b_dirtyoff = 0;
 962                 bp->b_dirtyend = bp->b_bufsize;
 963                 bawrite(bp);
 964
 965                 len -= i;
 966         }
 967         return totalwritten;
 968 }
 969
 970 /*
 971  * Collect together all the buffers in a cluster.
 972  * Plus add one additional buffer.
 973  */
 974 static struct cluster_save *
 975 cluster_collectbufs(vp, last_bp)
 976         struct vnode *vp;
 977         struct buf *last_bp;
 978 {
 979         struct cluster_save *buflist;
 980         struct buf *bp;
 981         daddr_t lbn;
 982         int i, len;
 983
 984         len = vp->v_lastw - vp->v_cstart + 1;
 985         buflist = malloc(sizeof(struct buf *) * (len + 1) + sizeof(*buflist),
 986             M_SEGMENT, M_WAITOK);
 987         buflist->bs_nchildren = 0;
 988         buflist->bs_children = (struct buf **) (buflist + 1);
 989         for (lbn = vp->v_cstart, i = 0; i < len; lbn++, i++) {
 990                 (void) bread(vp, lbn, last_bp->b_bcount, NOCRED, &bp);
 991                 buflist->bs_children[i] = bp;
 992                 if (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno)
 993                         VOP_BMAP(vp, bp->b_lblkno, NULL, &bp->b_blkno,
 994                                 NULL, NULL);
 995         }
 996         buflist->bs_children[i] = bp = last_bp;
 997         if (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno)
 998                 VOP_BMAP(vp, bp->b_lblkno, NULL, &bp->b_blkno, NULL, NULL);
 999         buflist->bs_nchildren = i + 1;
1000         return (buflist);
1001 }