2 * Copyright (c) 2001 Atsushi Onoe
3 * Copyright (c) 2002-2008 Sam Leffler, Errno Consulting
6 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
31 * IEEE 802.11 generic crypto support.
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/kernel.h>
37 #include <sys/malloc.h>
40 #include <sys/socket.h>
43 #include <net/if_media.h>
44 #include <net/ethernet.h> /* XXX ETHER_HDR_LEN */
46 #include <net80211/ieee80211_var.h>
48 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_80211_CRYPTO, "80211crypto", "802.11 crypto state");
50 static int _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211vap *,
51 struct ieee80211_key *);
54 * Table of registered cipher modules.
56 static const struct ieee80211_cipher *ciphers[IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX];
59 * Default "null" key management routines.
62 null_key_alloc(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_key *k,
63 ieee80211_keyix *keyix, ieee80211_keyix *rxkeyix)
65 if (!(&vap->iv_nw_keys[0] <= k &&
66 k < &vap->iv_nw_keys[IEEE80211_WEP_NKID])) {
68 * Not in the global key table, the driver should handle this
69 * by allocating a slot in the h/w key table/cache. In
70 * lieu of that return key slot 0 for any unicast key
71 * request. We disallow the request if this is a group key.
72 * This default policy does the right thing for legacy hardware
73 * with a 4 key table. It also handles devices that pass
74 * packets through untouched when marked with the WEP bit
77 if (k->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_GROUP)
79 *keyix = 0; /* NB: use key index 0 for ucast key */
81 *keyix = k - vap->iv_nw_keys;
83 *rxkeyix = IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE; /* XXX maybe *keyix? */
87 null_key_delete(struct ieee80211vap *vap, const struct ieee80211_key *k)
92 null_key_set(struct ieee80211vap *vap, const struct ieee80211_key *k,
93 const uint8_t mac[IEEE80211_ADDR_LEN])
97 static void null_key_update(struct ieee80211vap *vap) {}
100 * Write-arounds for common operations.
103 cipher_detach(struct ieee80211_key *key)
105 key->wk_cipher->ic_detach(key);
108 static __inline void *
109 cipher_attach(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_key *key)
111 return key->wk_cipher->ic_attach(vap, key);
115 * Wrappers for driver key management methods.
118 dev_key_alloc(struct ieee80211vap *vap,
119 struct ieee80211_key *key,
120 ieee80211_keyix *keyix, ieee80211_keyix *rxkeyix)
122 return vap->iv_key_alloc(vap, key, keyix, rxkeyix);
126 dev_key_delete(struct ieee80211vap *vap,
127 const struct ieee80211_key *key)
129 return vap->iv_key_delete(vap, key);
133 dev_key_set(struct ieee80211vap *vap, const struct ieee80211_key *key)
135 return vap->iv_key_set(vap, key, key->wk_macaddr);
139 * Setup crypto support for a device/shared instance.
142 ieee80211_crypto_attach(struct ieee80211com *ic)
144 /* NB: we assume everything is pre-zero'd */
145 ciphers[IEEE80211_CIPHER_NONE] = &ieee80211_cipher_none;
149 * Teardown crypto support.
152 ieee80211_crypto_detach(struct ieee80211com *ic)
157 * Setup crypto support for a vap.
160 ieee80211_crypto_vattach(struct ieee80211vap *vap)
164 /* NB: we assume everything is pre-zero'd */
165 vap->iv_max_keyix = IEEE80211_WEP_NKID;
166 vap->iv_def_txkey = IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE;
167 for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++)
168 ieee80211_crypto_resetkey(vap, &vap->iv_nw_keys[i],
169 IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE);
171 * Initialize the driver key support routines to noop entries.
172 * This is useful especially for the cipher test modules.
174 vap->iv_key_alloc = null_key_alloc;
175 vap->iv_key_set = null_key_set;
176 vap->iv_key_delete = null_key_delete;
177 vap->iv_key_update_begin = null_key_update;
178 vap->iv_key_update_end = null_key_update;
182 * Teardown crypto support for a vap.
185 ieee80211_crypto_vdetach(struct ieee80211vap *vap)
187 ieee80211_crypto_delglobalkeys(vap);
191 * Register a crypto cipher module.
194 ieee80211_crypto_register(const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip)
196 if (cip->ic_cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) {
197 printf("%s: cipher %s has an invalid cipher index %u\n",
198 __func__, cip->ic_name, cip->ic_cipher);
201 if (ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != NULL && ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != cip) {
202 printf("%s: cipher %s registered with a different template\n",
203 __func__, cip->ic_name);
206 ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] = cip;
210 * Unregister a crypto cipher module.
213 ieee80211_crypto_unregister(const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip)
215 if (cip->ic_cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) {
216 printf("%s: cipher %s has an invalid cipher index %u\n",
217 __func__, cip->ic_name, cip->ic_cipher);
220 if (ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != NULL && ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] != cip) {
221 printf("%s: cipher %s registered with a different template\n",
222 __func__, cip->ic_name);
225 /* NB: don't complain about not being registered */
226 /* XXX disallow if references */
227 ciphers[cip->ic_cipher] = NULL;
231 ieee80211_crypto_available(u_int cipher)
233 return cipher < IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX && ciphers[cipher] != NULL;
236 /* XXX well-known names! */
237 static const char *cipher_modnames[IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX] = {
238 "wlan_wep", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_WEP */
239 "wlan_tkip", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP */
240 "wlan_aes_ocb", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_AES_OCB */
241 "wlan_ccmp", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_AES_CCM */
243 "wlan_ckip", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_CKIP */
244 "wlan_none", /* IEEE80211_CIPHER_NONE */
248 * Establish a relationship between the specified key and cipher
249 * and, if necessary, allocate a hardware index from the driver.
250 * Note that when a fixed key index is required it must be specified
251 * and we blindly assign it w/o consulting the driver (XXX).
253 * This must be the first call applied to a key; all the other key
254 * routines assume wk_cipher is setup.
256 * Locking must be handled by the caller using:
257 * ieee80211_key_update_begin(vap);
258 * ieee80211_key_update_end(vap);
261 ieee80211_crypto_newkey(struct ieee80211vap *vap,
262 int cipher, int flags, struct ieee80211_key *key)
264 struct ieee80211com *ic = vap->iv_ic;
265 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip;
266 ieee80211_keyix keyix, rxkeyix;
271 * Validate cipher and set reference to cipher routines.
273 if (cipher >= IEEE80211_CIPHER_MAX) {
274 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
275 "%s: invalid cipher %u\n", __func__, cipher);
276 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_badcipher++;
279 cip = ciphers[cipher];
282 * Auto-load cipher module if we have a well-known name
283 * for it. It might be better to use string names rather
284 * than numbers and craft a module name based on the cipher
285 * name; e.g. wlan_cipher_<cipher-name>.
287 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
288 "%s: unregistered cipher %u, load module %s\n",
289 __func__, cipher, cipher_modnames[cipher]);
290 ieee80211_load_module(cipher_modnames[cipher]);
292 * If cipher module loaded it should immediately
293 * call ieee80211_crypto_register which will fill
294 * in the entry in the ciphers array.
296 cip = ciphers[cipher];
298 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
299 "%s: unable to load cipher %u, module %s\n",
300 __func__, cipher, cipher_modnames[cipher]);
301 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_nocipher++;
306 oflags = key->wk_flags;
307 flags &= IEEE80211_KEY_COMMON;
309 * If the hardware does not support the cipher then
310 * fallback to a host-based implementation.
312 if ((ic->ic_cryptocaps & (1<<cipher)) == 0) {
313 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
314 "%s: no h/w support for cipher %s, falling back to s/w\n",
315 __func__, cip->ic_name);
316 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWCRYPT;
319 * Hardware TKIP with software MIC is an important
320 * combination; we handle it by flagging each key,
321 * the cipher modules honor it.
323 if (cipher == IEEE80211_CIPHER_TKIP &&
324 (ic->ic_cryptocaps & IEEE80211_CRYPTO_TKIPMIC) == 0) {
325 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
326 "%s: no h/w support for TKIP MIC, falling back to s/w\n",
328 flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_SWMIC;
332 * Bind cipher to key instance. Note we do this
333 * after checking the device capabilities so the
334 * cipher module can optimize space usage based on
335 * whether or not it needs to do the cipher work.
337 if (key->wk_cipher != cip || key->wk_flags != flags) {
339 * Fillin the flags so cipher modules can see s/w
340 * crypto requirements and potentially allocate
341 * different state and/or attach different method
344 key->wk_flags = flags;
345 keyctx = cip->ic_attach(vap, key);
346 if (keyctx == NULL) {
347 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
348 "%s: unable to attach cipher %s\n",
349 __func__, cip->ic_name);
350 key->wk_flags = oflags; /* restore old flags */
351 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_attachfail++;
355 key->wk_cipher = cip; /* XXX refcnt? */
356 key->wk_private = keyctx;
359 * Commit to requested usage so driver can see the flags.
361 key->wk_flags = flags;
364 * Ask the driver for a key index if we don't have one.
365 * Note that entries in the global key table always have
366 * an index; this means it's safe to call this routine
367 * for these entries just to setup the reference to the
368 * cipher template. Note also that when using software
369 * crypto we also call the driver to give us a key index.
371 if ((key->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY) == 0) {
372 if (!dev_key_alloc(vap, key, &keyix, &rxkeyix)) {
374 * Unable to setup driver state.
376 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_keyfail++;
377 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
378 "%s: unable to setup cipher %s\n",
379 __func__, cip->ic_name);
382 if (key->wk_flags != flags) {
384 * Driver overrode flags we setup; typically because
385 * resources were unavailable to handle _this_ key.
386 * Re-attach the cipher context to allow cipher
387 * modules to handle differing requirements.
389 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
390 "%s: driver override for cipher %s, flags "
391 "0x%x -> 0x%x\n", __func__, cip->ic_name,
392 oflags, key->wk_flags);
393 keyctx = cip->ic_attach(vap, key);
394 if (keyctx == NULL) {
395 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
396 "%s: unable to attach cipher %s with "
397 "flags 0x%x\n", __func__, cip->ic_name,
399 key->wk_flags = oflags; /* restore old flags */
400 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_attachfail++;
404 key->wk_cipher = cip; /* XXX refcnt? */
405 key->wk_private = keyctx;
407 key->wk_keyix = keyix;
408 key->wk_rxkeyix = rxkeyix;
409 key->wk_flags |= IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY;
415 * Remove the key (no locking, for internal use).
418 _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_key *key)
420 KASSERT(key->wk_cipher != NULL, ("No cipher!"));
422 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
423 "%s: %s keyix %u flags 0x%x rsc %ju tsc %ju len %u\n",
424 __func__, key->wk_cipher->ic_name,
425 key->wk_keyix, key->wk_flags,
426 key->wk_keyrsc[IEEE80211_NONQOS_TID], key->wk_keytsc,
429 if (key->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY) {
431 * Remove hardware entry.
434 if (!dev_key_delete(vap, key)) {
435 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
436 "%s: driver did not delete key index %u\n",
437 __func__, key->wk_keyix);
438 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_delkey++;
443 memset(key, 0, sizeof(*key));
444 ieee80211_crypto_resetkey(vap, key, IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE);
449 * Remove the specified key.
452 ieee80211_crypto_delkey(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_key *key)
456 ieee80211_key_update_begin(vap);
457 status = _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(vap, key);
458 ieee80211_key_update_end(vap);
463 * Clear the global key table.
466 ieee80211_crypto_delglobalkeys(struct ieee80211vap *vap)
470 ieee80211_key_update_begin(vap);
471 for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++)
472 (void) _ieee80211_crypto_delkey(vap, &vap->iv_nw_keys[i]);
473 ieee80211_key_update_end(vap);
477 * Set the contents of the specified key.
479 * Locking must be handled by the caller using:
480 * ieee80211_key_update_begin(vap);
481 * ieee80211_key_update_end(vap);
484 ieee80211_crypto_setkey(struct ieee80211vap *vap, struct ieee80211_key *key)
486 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip = key->wk_cipher;
488 KASSERT(cip != NULL, ("No cipher!"));
490 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
491 "%s: %s keyix %u flags 0x%x mac %s rsc %ju tsc %ju len %u\n",
492 __func__, cip->ic_name, key->wk_keyix,
493 key->wk_flags, ether_sprintf(key->wk_macaddr),
494 key->wk_keyrsc[IEEE80211_NONQOS_TID], key->wk_keytsc,
497 if ((key->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY) == 0) {
498 /* XXX nothing allocated, should not happen */
499 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
500 "%s: no device key setup done; should not happen!\n",
502 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_setkey_nokey++;
506 * Give cipher a chance to validate key contents.
507 * XXX should happen before modifying state.
509 if (!cip->ic_setkey(key)) {
510 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
511 "%s: cipher %s rejected key index %u len %u flags 0x%x\n",
512 __func__, cip->ic_name, key->wk_keyix,
513 key->wk_keylen, key->wk_flags);
514 vap->iv_stats.is_crypto_setkey_cipher++;
517 return dev_key_set(vap, key);
521 * Add privacy headers appropriate for the specified key.
523 struct ieee80211_key *
524 ieee80211_crypto_encap(struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct mbuf *m)
526 struct ieee80211vap *vap = ni->ni_vap;
527 struct ieee80211_key *k;
528 struct ieee80211_frame *wh;
529 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip;
533 * Multicast traffic always uses the multicast key.
534 * Otherwise if a unicast key is set we use that and
535 * it is always key index 0. When no unicast key is
536 * set we fall back to the default transmit key.
538 wh = mtod(m, struct ieee80211_frame *);
539 if (IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) ||
540 IEEE80211_KEY_UNDEFINED(&ni->ni_ucastkey)) {
541 if (vap->iv_def_txkey == IEEE80211_KEYIX_NONE) {
542 IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO,
544 "no default transmit key (%s) deftxkey %u",
545 __func__, vap->iv_def_txkey);
546 vap->iv_stats.is_tx_nodefkey++;
549 keyid = vap->iv_def_txkey;
550 k = &vap->iv_nw_keys[vap->iv_def_txkey];
553 k = &ni->ni_ucastkey;
556 return (cip->ic_encap(k, m, keyid<<6) ? k : NULL);
560 * Validate and strip privacy headers (and trailer) for a
561 * received frame that has the WEP/Privacy bit set.
563 struct ieee80211_key *
564 ieee80211_crypto_decap(struct ieee80211_node *ni, struct mbuf *m, int hdrlen)
566 #define IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN (IEEE80211_WEP_IVLEN + IEEE80211_WEP_KIDLEN)
567 #define IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN \
568 (sizeof(struct ieee80211_frame) + \
569 IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN + IEEE80211_WEP_CRCLEN)
570 struct ieee80211vap *vap = ni->ni_vap;
571 struct ieee80211_key *k;
572 struct ieee80211_frame *wh;
573 const struct ieee80211_cipher *cip;
576 /* NB: this minimum size data frame could be bigger */
577 if (m->m_pkthdr.len < IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN) {
578 IEEE80211_DPRINTF(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_ANY,
579 "%s: WEP data frame too short, len %u\n",
580 __func__, m->m_pkthdr.len);
581 vap->iv_stats.is_rx_tooshort++; /* XXX need unique stat? */
586 * Locate the key. If unicast and there is no unicast
587 * key then we fall back to the key id in the header.
588 * This assumes unicast keys are only configured when
589 * the key id in the header is meaningless (typically 0).
591 wh = mtod(m, struct ieee80211_frame *);
592 m_copydata(m, hdrlen + IEEE80211_WEP_IVLEN, sizeof(keyid), &keyid);
593 if (IEEE80211_IS_MULTICAST(wh->i_addr1) ||
594 IEEE80211_KEY_UNDEFINED(&ni->ni_ucastkey))
595 k = &vap->iv_nw_keys[keyid >> 6];
597 k = &ni->ni_ucastkey;
600 * Insure crypto header is contiguous for all decap work.
603 if (m->m_len < hdrlen + cip->ic_header &&
604 (m = m_pullup(m, hdrlen + cip->ic_header)) == NULL) {
605 IEEE80211_NOTE_MAC(vap, IEEE80211_MSG_CRYPTO, wh->i_addr2,
606 "unable to pullup %s header", cip->ic_name);
607 vap->iv_stats.is_rx_wepfail++; /* XXX */
611 return (cip->ic_decap(k, m, hdrlen) ? k : NULL);
612 #undef IEEE80211_WEP_MINLEN
613 #undef IEEE80211_WEP_HDRLEN
617 load_ucastkey(void *arg, struct ieee80211_node *ni)
619 struct ieee80211vap *vap = ni->ni_vap;
620 struct ieee80211_key *k;
622 if (vap->iv_state != IEEE80211_S_RUN)
624 k = &ni->ni_ucastkey;
625 if (k->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY)
630 * Re-load all keys known to the 802.11 layer that may
631 * have hardware state backing them. This is used by
632 * drivers on resume to push keys down into the device.
635 ieee80211_crypto_reload_keys(struct ieee80211com *ic)
637 struct ieee80211vap *vap;
641 * Keys in the global key table of each vap.
643 /* NB: used only during resume so don't lock for now */
644 TAILQ_FOREACH(vap, &ic->ic_vaps, iv_next) {
645 if (vap->iv_state != IEEE80211_S_RUN)
647 for (i = 0; i < IEEE80211_WEP_NKID; i++) {
648 const struct ieee80211_key *k = &vap->iv_nw_keys[i];
649 if (k->wk_flags & IEEE80211_KEY_DEVKEY)
656 ieee80211_iterate_nodes(&ic->ic_sta, load_ucastkey, NULL);