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1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993, 1995
3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  *      @(#)tcp_timer.c 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/24/95
30  * $FreeBSD$
31  */
32
33 #include "opt_inet6.h"
34 #include "opt_tcpdebug.h"
35 #include "opt_tcp_sack.h"
36
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/kernel.h>
39 #include <sys/lock.h>
40 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
41 #include <sys/mutex.h>
42 #include <sys/protosw.h>
43 #include <sys/socket.h>
44 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
45 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
46 #include <sys/systm.h>
47
48 #include <net/route.h>
49
50 #include <netinet/in.h>
51 #include <netinet/in_pcb.h>
52 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
53 #ifdef INET6
54 #include <netinet6/in6_pcb.h>
55 #endif
56 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
57 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
59 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
60 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
61 #include <netinet/tcpip.h>
62 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
63 #include <netinet/tcp_debug.h>
64 #endif
65
66 int     tcp_keepinit;
67 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINIT, keepinit, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
68     &tcp_keepinit, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
69
70 int     tcp_keepidle;
71 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPIDLE, keepidle, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
72     &tcp_keepidle, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
73
74 int     tcp_keepintvl;
75 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_KEEPINTVL, keepintvl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
76     &tcp_keepintvl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "");
77
78 int     tcp_delacktime;
79 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, TCPCTL_DELACKTIME, delacktime,
80     CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW, &tcp_delacktime, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I",
81     "Time before a delayed ACK is sent");
82
83 int     tcp_msl;
84 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, msl, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
85     &tcp_msl, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Maximum segment lifetime");
86
87 int     tcp_rexmit_min;
88 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_min, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
89     &tcp_rexmit_min, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Minimum Retransmission Timeout");
90
91 int     tcp_rexmit_slop;
92 SYSCTL_PROC(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, rexmit_slop, CTLTYPE_INT|CTLFLAG_RW,
93     &tcp_rexmit_slop, 0, sysctl_msec_to_ticks, "I", "Retransmission Timer Slop");
94
95 static int      always_keepalive = 1;
96 SYSCTL_INT(_net_inet_tcp, OID_AUTO, always_keepalive, CTLFLAG_RW,
97     &always_keepalive , 0, "Assume SO_KEEPALIVE on all TCP connections");
98
99 static int      tcp_keepcnt = TCPTV_KEEPCNT;
100         /* max idle probes */
101 int     tcp_maxpersistidle;
102         /* max idle time in persist */
103 int     tcp_maxidle;
104
105 /*
106  * Tcp protocol timeout routine called every 500 ms.
107  * Updates timestamps used for TCP
108  * causes finite state machine actions if timers expire.
109  */
110 void
111 tcp_slowtimo()
112 {
113
114         tcp_maxidle = tcp_keepcnt * tcp_keepintvl;
115         INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
116         (void) tcp_timer_2msl_tw(0);
117         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
118 }
119
120 int     tcp_syn_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
121     { 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 64, 64 };
122
123 int     tcp_backoff[TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT + 1] =
124     { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512 };
125
126 static int tcp_totbackoff = 2559;       /* sum of tcp_backoff[] */
127
128 /*
129  * TCP timer processing.
130  */
131
132 void
133 tcp_timer_delack(xtp)
134         void *xtp;
135 {
136         struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
137         struct inpcb *inp;
138
139         INP_INFO_RLOCK(&tcbinfo);
140         inp = tp->t_inpcb;
141         if (inp == NULL) {
142                 INP_INFO_RUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
143                 return;
144         }
145         INP_LOCK(inp);
146         INP_INFO_RUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
147         if (callout_pending(tp->tt_delack) || !callout_active(tp->tt_delack)) {
148                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
149                 return;
150         }
151         callout_deactivate(tp->tt_delack);
152
153         tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
154         tcpstat.tcps_delack++;
155         (void) tcp_output(tp);
156         INP_UNLOCK(inp);
157 }
158
159 void
160 tcp_timer_2msl(xtp)
161         void *xtp;
162 {
163         struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
164         struct inpcb *inp;
165 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
166         int ostate;
167
168         ostate = tp->t_state;
169 #endif
170         INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
171         inp = tp->t_inpcb;
172         if (inp == NULL) {
173                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
174                 return;
175         }
176         INP_LOCK(inp);
177         tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
178         if (callout_pending(tp->tt_2msl) || !callout_active(tp->tt_2msl)) {
179                 INP_UNLOCK(tp->t_inpcb);
180                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
181                 return;
182         }
183         callout_deactivate(tp->tt_2msl);
184         /*
185          * 2 MSL timeout in shutdown went off.  If we're closed but
186          * still waiting for peer to close and connection has been idle
187          * too long, or if 2MSL time is up from TIME_WAIT, delete connection
188          * control block.  Otherwise, check again in a bit.
189          */
190         if (tp->t_state != TCPS_TIME_WAIT &&
191             (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) <= tcp_maxidle)
192                 callout_reset(tp->tt_2msl, tcp_keepintvl,
193                               tcp_timer_2msl, tp);
194         else
195                 tp = tcp_close(tp);
196
197 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
198         if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
199                 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
200                           PRU_SLOWTIMO);
201 #endif
202         if (tp != NULL)
203                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
204         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
205 }
206
207 /*
208  * The timed wait lists contain references to each of the TCP sessions
209  * currently TIME_WAIT state.  The list pointers, including the list pointers
210  * in each tcptw structure, are protected using the global tcbinfo lock,
211  * which must be held over list iteration and modification.
212  */
213 struct twlist {
214         LIST_HEAD(, tcptw)      tw_list;
215         struct tcptw    tw_tail;
216 };
217 #define TWLIST_NLISTS   2
218 static struct twlist twl_2msl[TWLIST_NLISTS];
219 static struct twlist *tw_2msl_list[] = { &twl_2msl[0], &twl_2msl[1], NULL };
220
221 void
222 tcp_timer_init(void)
223 {
224         int i;
225         struct twlist *twl;
226
227         for (i = 0; i < TWLIST_NLISTS; i++) {
228                 twl = &twl_2msl[i];
229                 LIST_INIT(&twl->tw_list);
230                 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&twl->tw_list, &twl->tw_tail, tw_2msl);
231         }
232 }
233
234 void
235 tcp_timer_2msl_reset(struct tcptw *tw, int timeo)
236 {
237         int i;
238         struct tcptw *tw_tail;
239
240         INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
241         INP_LOCK_ASSERT(tw->tw_inpcb);
242         if (tw->tw_time != 0)
243                 LIST_REMOVE(tw, tw_2msl);
244         tw->tw_time = timeo + ticks;
245         i = timeo > tcp_msl ? 1 : 0;
246         tw_tail = &twl_2msl[i].tw_tail;
247         LIST_INSERT_BEFORE(tw_tail, tw, tw_2msl);
248 }
249
250 void
251 tcp_timer_2msl_stop(struct tcptw *tw)
252 {
253
254         INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
255         if (tw->tw_time != 0)
256                 LIST_REMOVE(tw, tw_2msl);
257 }
258
259 struct tcptw *
260 tcp_timer_2msl_tw(int reuse)
261 {
262         struct tcptw *tw, *tw_tail;
263         struct twlist *twl;
264         int i;
265
266         INP_INFO_WLOCK_ASSERT(&tcbinfo);
267         for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
268                 twl = tw_2msl_list[i];
269                 tw_tail = &twl->tw_tail;
270                 for (;;) {
271                         tw = LIST_FIRST(&twl->tw_list);
272                         if (tw == tw_tail || (!reuse && tw->tw_time > ticks))
273                                 break;
274                         INP_LOCK(tw->tw_inpcb);
275                         if (tcp_twclose(tw, reuse) != NULL)
276                                 return (tw);
277                 }
278         }
279         return (NULL);
280 }
281
282 void
283 tcp_timer_keep(xtp)
284         void *xtp;
285 {
286         struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
287         struct tcptemp *t_template;
288         struct inpcb *inp;
289 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
290         int ostate;
291
292         ostate = tp->t_state;
293 #endif
294         INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
295         inp = tp->t_inpcb;
296         if (!inp) {
297                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
298                 return;
299         }
300         INP_LOCK(inp);
301         if (callout_pending(tp->tt_keep) || !callout_active(tp->tt_keep)) {
302                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
303                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
304                 return;
305         }
306         callout_deactivate(tp->tt_keep);
307         /*
308          * Keep-alive timer went off; send something
309          * or drop connection if idle for too long.
310          */
311         tcpstat.tcps_keeptimeo++;
312         if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED)
313                 goto dropit;
314         if ((always_keepalive || inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_KEEPALIVE) &&
315             tp->t_state <= TCPS_CLOSING) {
316                 if ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_keepidle + tcp_maxidle)
317                         goto dropit;
318                 /*
319                  * Send a packet designed to force a response
320                  * if the peer is up and reachable:
321                  * either an ACK if the connection is still alive,
322                  * or an RST if the peer has closed the connection
323                  * due to timeout or reboot.
324                  * Using sequence number tp->snd_una-1
325                  * causes the transmitted zero-length segment
326                  * to lie outside the receive window;
327                  * by the protocol spec, this requires the
328                  * correspondent TCP to respond.
329                  */
330                 tcpstat.tcps_keepprobe++;
331                 t_template = tcpip_maketemplate(inp);
332                 if (t_template) {
333                         tcp_respond(tp, t_template->tt_ipgen,
334                                     &t_template->tt_t, (struct mbuf *)NULL,
335                                     tp->rcv_nxt, tp->snd_una - 1, 0);
336                         (void) m_free(dtom(t_template));
337                 }
338                 callout_reset(tp->tt_keep, tcp_keepintvl, tcp_timer_keep, tp);
339         } else
340                 callout_reset(tp->tt_keep, tcp_keepidle, tcp_timer_keep, tp);
341
342 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
343         if (inp->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
344                 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
345                           PRU_SLOWTIMO);
346 #endif
347         INP_UNLOCK(inp);
348         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
349         return;
350
351 dropit:
352         tcpstat.tcps_keepdrops++;
353         tp = tcp_drop(tp, ETIMEDOUT);
354
355 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
356         if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
357                 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
358                           PRU_SLOWTIMO);
359 #endif
360         if (tp != NULL)
361                 INP_UNLOCK(tp->t_inpcb);
362         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
363 }
364
365 void
366 tcp_timer_persist(xtp)
367         void *xtp;
368 {
369         struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
370         struct inpcb *inp;
371 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
372         int ostate;
373
374         ostate = tp->t_state;
375 #endif
376         INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
377         inp = tp->t_inpcb;
378         if (!inp) {
379                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
380                 return;
381         }
382         INP_LOCK(inp);
383         if (callout_pending(tp->tt_persist) || !callout_active(tp->tt_persist)){
384                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
385                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
386                 return;
387         }
388         callout_deactivate(tp->tt_persist);
389         /*
390          * Persistance timer into zero window.
391          * Force a byte to be output, if possible.
392          */
393         tcpstat.tcps_persisttimeo++;
394         /*
395          * Hack: if the peer is dead/unreachable, we do not
396          * time out if the window is closed.  After a full
397          * backoff, drop the connection if the idle time
398          * (no responses to probes) reaches the maximum
399          * backoff that we would use if retransmitting.
400          */
401         if (tp->t_rxtshift == TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT &&
402             ((ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= tcp_maxpersistidle ||
403              (ticks - tp->t_rcvtime) >= TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_totbackoff)) {
404                 tcpstat.tcps_persistdrop++;
405                 tp = tcp_drop(tp, ETIMEDOUT);
406                 goto out;
407         }
408         tcp_setpersist(tp);
409         tp->t_flags |= TF_FORCEDATA;
410         (void) tcp_output(tp);
411         tp->t_flags &= ~TF_FORCEDATA;
412
413 out:
414 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
415         if (tp != NULL && tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
416                 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
417                           PRU_SLOWTIMO);
418 #endif
419         if (tp != NULL)
420                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
421         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
422 }
423
424 void
425 tcp_timer_rexmt(xtp)
426         void *xtp;
427 {
428         struct tcpcb *tp = xtp;
429         int rexmt;
430         int headlocked;
431         struct inpcb *inp;
432 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
433         int ostate;
434
435         ostate = tp->t_state;
436 #endif
437         INP_INFO_WLOCK(&tcbinfo);
438         headlocked = 1;
439         inp = tp->t_inpcb;
440         if (!inp) {
441                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
442                 return;
443         }
444         INP_LOCK(inp);
445         if (callout_pending(tp->tt_rexmt) || !callout_active(tp->tt_rexmt)) {
446                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
447                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
448                 return;
449         }
450         callout_deactivate(tp->tt_rexmt);
451         tcp_free_sackholes(tp);
452         /*
453          * Retransmission timer went off.  Message has not
454          * been acked within retransmit interval.  Back off
455          * to a longer retransmit interval and retransmit one segment.
456          */
457         if (++tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT) {
458                 tp->t_rxtshift = TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT;
459                 tcpstat.tcps_timeoutdrop++;
460                 tp = tcp_drop(tp, tp->t_softerror ?
461                               tp->t_softerror : ETIMEDOUT);
462                 goto out;
463         }
464         INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
465         headlocked = 0;
466         if (tp->t_rxtshift == 1) {
467                 /*
468                  * first retransmit; record ssthresh and cwnd so they can
469                  * be recovered if this turns out to be a "bad" retransmit.
470                  * A retransmit is considered "bad" if an ACK for this
471                  * segment is received within RTT/2 interval; the assumption
472                  * here is that the ACK was already in flight.  See
473                  * "On Estimating End-to-End Network Path Properties" by
474                  * Allman and Paxson for more details.
475                  */
476                 tp->snd_cwnd_prev = tp->snd_cwnd;
477                 tp->snd_ssthresh_prev = tp->snd_ssthresh;
478                 tp->snd_recover_prev = tp->snd_recover;
479                 if (IN_FASTRECOVERY(tp))
480                   tp->t_flags |= TF_WASFRECOVERY;
481                 else
482                   tp->t_flags &= ~TF_WASFRECOVERY;
483                 tp->t_badrxtwin = ticks + (tp->t_srtt >> (TCP_RTT_SHIFT + 1));
484         }
485         tcpstat.tcps_rexmttimeo++;
486         if (tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT)
487                 rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_syn_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
488         else
489                 rexmt = TCP_REXMTVAL(tp) * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift];
490         TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_rxtcur, rexmt,
491                       tp->t_rttmin, TCPTV_REXMTMAX);
492         /*
493          * Disable rfc1323 if we havn't got any response to
494          * our third SYN to work-around some broken terminal servers
495          * (most of which have hopefully been retired) that have bad VJ
496          * header compression code which trashes TCP segments containing
497          * unknown-to-them TCP options.
498          */
499         if ((tp->t_state == TCPS_SYN_SENT) && (tp->t_rxtshift == 3))
500                 tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_REQ_SCALE|TF_REQ_TSTMP);
501         /*
502          * If we backed off this far, our srtt estimate is probably bogus.
503          * Clobber it so we'll take the next rtt measurement as our srtt;
504          * move the current srtt into rttvar to keep the current
505          * retransmit times until then.
506          */
507         if (tp->t_rxtshift > TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT / 4) {
508 #ifdef INET6
509                 if ((tp->t_inpcb->inp_vflag & INP_IPV6) != 0)
510                         in6_losing(tp->t_inpcb);
511                 else
512 #endif
513                 tp->t_rttvar += (tp->t_srtt >> TCP_RTT_SHIFT);
514                 tp->t_srtt = 0;
515         }
516         tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
517         tp->snd_recover = tp->snd_max;
518         /*
519          * Force a segment to be sent.
520          */
521         tp->t_flags |= TF_ACKNOW;
522         /*
523          * If timing a segment in this window, stop the timer.
524          */
525         tp->t_rtttime = 0;
526         /*
527          * Close the congestion window down to one segment
528          * (we'll open it by one segment for each ack we get).
529          * Since we probably have a window's worth of unacked
530          * data accumulated, this "slow start" keeps us from
531          * dumping all that data as back-to-back packets (which
532          * might overwhelm an intermediate gateway).
533          *
534          * There are two phases to the opening: Initially we
535          * open by one mss on each ack.  This makes the window
536          * size increase exponentially with time.  If the
537          * window is larger than the path can handle, this
538          * exponential growth results in dropped packet(s)
539          * almost immediately.  To get more time between
540          * drops but still "push" the network to take advantage
541          * of improving conditions, we switch from exponential
542          * to linear window opening at some threshhold size.
543          * For a threshhold, we use half the current window
544          * size, truncated to a multiple of the mss.
545          *
546          * (the minimum cwnd that will give us exponential
547          * growth is 2 mss.  We don't allow the threshhold
548          * to go below this.)
549          */
550         {
551                 u_int win = min(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd) / 2 / tp->t_maxseg;
552                 if (win < 2)
553                         win = 2;
554                 tp->snd_cwnd = tp->t_maxseg;
555                 tp->snd_ssthresh = win * tp->t_maxseg;
556                 tp->t_dupacks = 0;
557         }
558         EXIT_FASTRECOVERY(tp);
559         (void) tcp_output(tp);
560
561 out:
562 #ifdef TCPDEBUG
563         if (tp != NULL && (tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket->so_options & SO_DEBUG))
564                 tcp_trace(TA_USER, ostate, tp, (void *)0, (struct tcphdr *)0,
565                           PRU_SLOWTIMO);
566 #endif
567         if (tp != NULL)
568                 INP_UNLOCK(inp);
569         if (headlocked)
570                 INP_INFO_WUNLOCK(&tcbinfo);
571 }