2 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6 * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 * without specific prior written permission.
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 * from: @(#)vm_object.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 3/22/94
35 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
36 * All rights reserved.
38 * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
40 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
41 * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
42 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
43 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
44 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
46 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
47 * CONDITION. CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
48 * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
50 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
52 * Software Distribution Coordinator or Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
53 * School of Computer Science
54 * Carnegie Mellon University
55 * Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
57 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
58 * rights to redistribute these changes.
62 * Virtual memory object module.
65 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
66 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
70 #include <sys/param.h>
71 #include <sys/systm.h>
74 #include <sys/mount.h>
75 #include <sys/kernel.h>
76 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
77 #include <sys/mutex.h>
78 #include <sys/proc.h> /* for curproc, pageproc */
79 #include <sys/socket.h>
80 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
81 #include <sys/vnode.h>
82 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
86 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
88 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
89 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
90 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
91 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
92 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
93 #include <vm/swap_pager.h>
94 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
95 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
96 #include <vm/vm_reserv.h>
100 SYSCTL_INT(_vm, OID_AUTO, old_msync, CTLFLAG_RW, &old_msync, 0,
101 "Use old (insecure) msync behavior");
103 static int vm_object_page_collect_flush(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t p,
104 int pagerflags, int flags, int *clearobjflags);
105 static boolean_t vm_object_page_remove_write(vm_page_t p, int flags,
107 static void vm_object_qcollapse(vm_object_t object);
108 static void vm_object_vndeallocate(vm_object_t object);
111 * Virtual memory objects maintain the actual data
112 * associated with allocated virtual memory. A given
113 * page of memory exists within exactly one object.
115 * An object is only deallocated when all "references"
116 * are given up. Only one "reference" to a given
117 * region of an object should be writeable.
119 * Associated with each object is a list of all resident
120 * memory pages belonging to that object; this list is
121 * maintained by the "vm_page" module, and locked by the object's
124 * Each object also records a "pager" routine which is
125 * used to retrieve (and store) pages to the proper backing
126 * storage. In addition, objects may be backed by other
127 * objects from which they were virtual-copied.
129 * The only items within the object structure which are
130 * modified after time of creation are:
131 * reference count locked by object's lock
132 * pager routine locked by object's lock
136 struct object_q vm_object_list;
137 struct mtx vm_object_list_mtx; /* lock for object list and count */
139 struct vm_object kernel_object_store;
140 struct vm_object kmem_object_store;
142 SYSCTL_NODE(_vm_stats, OID_AUTO, object, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "VM object stats");
144 static long object_collapses;
145 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_stats_object, OID_AUTO, collapses, CTLFLAG_RD,
146 &object_collapses, 0, "VM object collapses");
148 static long object_bypasses;
149 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_stats_object, OID_AUTO, bypasses, CTLFLAG_RD,
150 &object_bypasses, 0, "VM object bypasses");
152 static uma_zone_t obj_zone;
154 static int vm_object_zinit(void *mem, int size, int flags);
157 static void vm_object_zdtor(void *mem, int size, void *arg);
160 vm_object_zdtor(void *mem, int size, void *arg)
164 object = (vm_object_t)mem;
165 KASSERT(TAILQ_EMPTY(&object->memq),
166 ("object %p has resident pages",
168 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
169 KASSERT(LIST_EMPTY(&object->rvq),
170 ("object %p has reservations",
173 KASSERT(object->cache == NULL,
174 ("object %p has cached pages",
176 KASSERT(object->paging_in_progress == 0,
177 ("object %p paging_in_progress = %d",
178 object, object->paging_in_progress));
179 KASSERT(object->resident_page_count == 0,
180 ("object %p resident_page_count = %d",
181 object, object->resident_page_count));
182 KASSERT(object->shadow_count == 0,
183 ("object %p shadow_count = %d",
184 object, object->shadow_count));
189 vm_object_zinit(void *mem, int size, int flags)
193 object = (vm_object_t)mem;
194 bzero(&object->mtx, sizeof(object->mtx));
195 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_INIT(object, "standard object");
197 /* These are true for any object that has been freed */
198 object->paging_in_progress = 0;
199 object->resident_page_count = 0;
200 object->shadow_count = 0;
205 _vm_object_allocate(objtype_t type, vm_pindex_t size, vm_object_t object)
208 TAILQ_INIT(&object->memq);
209 LIST_INIT(&object->shadow_head);
214 object->generation = 1;
215 object->ref_count = 1;
216 object->memattr = VM_MEMATTR_DEFAULT;
220 if ((object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT) || (object->type == OBJT_SWAP))
221 object->flags = OBJ_ONEMAPPING;
222 object->pg_color = 0;
223 object->handle = NULL;
224 object->backing_object = NULL;
225 object->backing_object_offset = (vm_ooffset_t) 0;
226 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
227 LIST_INIT(&object->rvq);
229 object->cache = NULL;
231 mtx_lock(&vm_object_list_mtx);
232 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&vm_object_list, object, object_list);
233 mtx_unlock(&vm_object_list_mtx);
239 * Initialize the VM objects module.
244 TAILQ_INIT(&vm_object_list);
245 mtx_init(&vm_object_list_mtx, "vm object_list", NULL, MTX_DEF);
247 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_INIT(kernel_object, "kernel object");
248 _vm_object_allocate(OBJT_PHYS, OFF_TO_IDX(VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS),
250 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
251 kernel_object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
252 kernel_object->pg_color = (u_short)atop(VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS);
255 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_INIT(kmem_object, "kmem object");
256 _vm_object_allocate(OBJT_PHYS, OFF_TO_IDX(VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS),
258 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
259 kmem_object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
260 kmem_object->pg_color = (u_short)atop(VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS);
264 * The lock portion of struct vm_object must be type stable due
265 * to vm_pageout_fallback_object_lock locking a vm object
266 * without holding any references to it.
268 obj_zone = uma_zcreate("VM OBJECT", sizeof (struct vm_object), NULL,
274 vm_object_zinit, NULL, UMA_ALIGN_PTR, UMA_ZONE_VM|UMA_ZONE_NOFREE);
278 vm_object_clear_flag(vm_object_t object, u_short bits)
281 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
282 object->flags &= ~bits;
286 * Sets the default memory attribute for the specified object. Pages
287 * that are allocated to this object are by default assigned this memory
290 * Presently, this function must be called before any pages are allocated
291 * to the object. In the future, this requirement may be relaxed for
292 * "default" and "swap" objects.
295 vm_object_set_memattr(vm_object_t object, vm_memattr_t memattr)
298 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
299 switch (object->type) {
306 if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&object->memq))
307 return (KERN_FAILURE);
310 return (KERN_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
312 object->memattr = memattr;
313 return (KERN_SUCCESS);
317 vm_object_pip_add(vm_object_t object, short i)
320 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
321 object->paging_in_progress += i;
325 vm_object_pip_subtract(vm_object_t object, short i)
328 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
329 object->paging_in_progress -= i;
333 vm_object_pip_wakeup(vm_object_t object)
336 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
337 object->paging_in_progress--;
338 if ((object->flags & OBJ_PIPWNT) && object->paging_in_progress == 0) {
339 vm_object_clear_flag(object, OBJ_PIPWNT);
345 vm_object_pip_wakeupn(vm_object_t object, short i)
348 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
350 object->paging_in_progress -= i;
351 if ((object->flags & OBJ_PIPWNT) && object->paging_in_progress == 0) {
352 vm_object_clear_flag(object, OBJ_PIPWNT);
358 vm_object_pip_wait(vm_object_t object, char *waitid)
361 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
362 while (object->paging_in_progress) {
363 object->flags |= OBJ_PIPWNT;
364 msleep(object, VM_OBJECT_MTX(object), PVM, waitid, 0);
369 * vm_object_allocate:
371 * Returns a new object with the given size.
374 vm_object_allocate(objtype_t type, vm_pindex_t size)
378 object = (vm_object_t)uma_zalloc(obj_zone, M_WAITOK);
379 _vm_object_allocate(type, size, object);
385 * vm_object_reference:
387 * Gets another reference to the given object. Note: OBJ_DEAD
388 * objects can be referenced during final cleaning.
391 vm_object_reference(vm_object_t object)
395 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
396 vm_object_reference_locked(object);
397 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
401 * vm_object_reference_locked:
403 * Gets another reference to the given object.
405 * The object must be locked.
408 vm_object_reference_locked(vm_object_t object)
412 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
414 if (object->type == OBJT_VNODE) {
421 * Handle deallocating an object of type OBJT_VNODE.
424 vm_object_vndeallocate(vm_object_t object)
426 struct vnode *vp = (struct vnode *) object->handle;
428 VFS_ASSERT_GIANT(vp->v_mount);
429 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
430 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_VNODE,
431 ("vm_object_vndeallocate: not a vnode object"));
432 KASSERT(vp != NULL, ("vm_object_vndeallocate: missing vp"));
434 if (object->ref_count == 0) {
435 vprint("vm_object_vndeallocate", vp);
436 panic("vm_object_vndeallocate: bad object reference count");
441 if (object->ref_count == 0) {
442 mp_fixme("Unlocked vflag access.");
443 vp->v_vflag &= ~VV_TEXT;
445 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
447 * vrele may need a vop lock
453 * vm_object_deallocate:
455 * Release a reference to the specified object,
456 * gained either through a vm_object_allocate
457 * or a vm_object_reference call. When all references
458 * are gone, storage associated with this object
459 * may be relinquished.
461 * No object may be locked.
464 vm_object_deallocate(vm_object_t object)
468 while (object != NULL) {
473 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
474 if (object->type == OBJT_VNODE) {
475 struct vnode *vp = (struct vnode *) object->handle;
478 * Conditionally acquire Giant for a vnode-backed
479 * object. We have to be careful since the type of
480 * a vnode object can change while the object is
483 if (VFS_NEEDSGIANT(vp->v_mount) && !vfslocked) {
485 if (!mtx_trylock(&Giant)) {
486 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
491 vm_object_vndeallocate(object);
492 VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
496 * This is to handle the case that the object
497 * changed type while we dropped its lock to
500 VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
502 KASSERT(object->ref_count != 0,
503 ("vm_object_deallocate: object deallocated too many times: %d", object->type));
506 * If the reference count goes to 0 we start calling
507 * vm_object_terminate() on the object chain.
508 * A ref count of 1 may be a special case depending on the
509 * shadow count being 0 or 1.
512 if (object->ref_count > 1) {
513 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
515 } else if (object->ref_count == 1) {
516 if (object->shadow_count == 0 &&
517 object->handle == NULL &&
518 (object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
519 object->type == OBJT_SWAP)) {
520 vm_object_set_flag(object, OBJ_ONEMAPPING);
521 } else if ((object->shadow_count == 1) &&
522 (object->handle == NULL) &&
523 (object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
524 object->type == OBJT_SWAP)) {
527 robject = LIST_FIRST(&object->shadow_head);
528 KASSERT(robject != NULL,
529 ("vm_object_deallocate: ref_count: %d, shadow_count: %d",
531 object->shadow_count));
532 if (!VM_OBJECT_TRYLOCK(robject)) {
534 * Avoid a potential deadlock.
537 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
539 * More likely than not the thread
540 * holding robject's lock has lower
541 * priority than the current thread.
542 * Let the lower priority thread run.
548 * Collapse object into its shadow unless its
549 * shadow is dead. In that case, object will
550 * be deallocated by the thread that is
551 * deallocating its shadow.
553 if ((robject->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0 &&
554 (robject->handle == NULL) &&
555 (robject->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
556 robject->type == OBJT_SWAP)) {
558 robject->ref_count++;
560 if (robject->paging_in_progress) {
561 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
562 vm_object_pip_wait(robject,
564 temp = robject->backing_object;
565 if (object == temp) {
566 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
569 } else if (object->paging_in_progress) {
570 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(robject);
571 object->flags |= OBJ_PIPWNT;
573 VM_OBJECT_MTX(object),
574 PDROP | PVM, "objde2", 0);
575 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(robject);
576 temp = robject->backing_object;
577 if (object == temp) {
578 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
582 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
584 if (robject->ref_count == 1) {
585 robject->ref_count--;
590 vm_object_collapse(object);
591 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
594 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(robject);
596 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
600 temp = object->backing_object;
602 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(temp);
603 LIST_REMOVE(object, shadow_list);
604 temp->shadow_count--;
605 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(temp);
606 object->backing_object = NULL;
609 * Don't double-terminate, we could be in a termination
610 * recursion due to the terminate having to sync data
613 if ((object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) == 0)
614 vm_object_terminate(object);
616 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
622 * vm_object_destroy removes the object from the global object list
623 * and frees the space for the object.
626 vm_object_destroy(vm_object_t object)
630 * Remove the object from the global object list.
632 mtx_lock(&vm_object_list_mtx);
633 TAILQ_REMOVE(&vm_object_list, object, object_list);
634 mtx_unlock(&vm_object_list_mtx);
637 * Release the allocation charge.
639 if (object->cred != NULL) {
640 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
641 object->type == OBJT_SWAP,
642 ("vm_object_terminate: non-swap obj %p has cred",
644 swap_release_by_cred(object->charge, object->cred);
646 crfree(object->cred);
651 * Free the space for the object.
653 uma_zfree(obj_zone, object);
657 * vm_object_terminate actually destroys the specified object, freeing
658 * up all previously used resources.
660 * The object must be locked.
661 * This routine may block.
664 vm_object_terminate(vm_object_t object)
668 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
671 * Make sure no one uses us.
673 vm_object_set_flag(object, OBJ_DEAD);
676 * wait for the pageout daemon to be done with the object
678 vm_object_pip_wait(object, "objtrm");
680 KASSERT(!object->paging_in_progress,
681 ("vm_object_terminate: pageout in progress"));
684 * Clean and free the pages, as appropriate. All references to the
685 * object are gone, so we don't need to lock it.
687 if (object->type == OBJT_VNODE) {
688 struct vnode *vp = (struct vnode *)object->handle;
691 * Clean pages and flush buffers.
693 vm_object_page_clean(object, 0, 0, OBJPC_SYNC);
694 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
696 vinvalbuf(vp, V_SAVE, 0, 0);
698 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
701 KASSERT(object->ref_count == 0,
702 ("vm_object_terminate: object with references, ref_count=%d",
706 * Free any remaining pageable pages. This also removes them from the
707 * paging queues. However, don't free wired pages, just remove them
708 * from the object. Rather than incrementally removing each page from
709 * the object, the page and object are reset to any empty state.
711 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(p, &object->memq, listq, p_next) {
712 KASSERT(!p->busy && (p->oflags & VPO_BUSY) == 0,
713 ("vm_object_terminate: freeing busy page %p", p));
716 * Optimize the page's removal from the object by resetting
717 * its "object" field. Specifically, if the page is not
718 * wired, then the effect of this assignment is that
719 * vm_page_free()'s call to vm_page_remove() will return
720 * immediately without modifying the page or the object.
723 if (p->wire_count == 0) {
725 PCPU_INC(cnt.v_pfree);
730 * If the object contained any pages, then reset it to an empty state.
731 * None of the object's fields, including "resident_page_count", were
732 * modified by the preceding loop.
734 if (object->resident_page_count != 0) {
736 TAILQ_INIT(&object->memq);
737 object->resident_page_count = 0;
738 if (object->type == OBJT_VNODE)
739 vdrop(object->handle);
742 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
743 if (__predict_false(!LIST_EMPTY(&object->rvq)))
744 vm_reserv_break_all(object);
746 if (__predict_false(object->cache != NULL))
747 vm_page_cache_free(object, 0, 0);
750 * Let the pager know object is dead.
752 vm_pager_deallocate(object);
753 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
755 vm_object_destroy(object);
759 * Make the page read-only so that we can clear the object flags. However, if
760 * this is a nosync mmap then the object is likely to stay dirty so do not
761 * mess with the page and do not clear the object flags. Returns TRUE if the
762 * page should be flushed, and FALSE otherwise.
765 vm_object_page_remove_write(vm_page_t p, int flags, int *clearobjflags)
769 * If we have been asked to skip nosync pages and this is a
770 * nosync page, skip it. Note that the object flags were not
771 * cleared in this case so we do not have to set them.
773 if ((flags & OBJPC_NOSYNC) != 0 && (p->oflags & VPO_NOSYNC) != 0) {
777 pmap_remove_write(p);
778 return (p->dirty != 0);
783 * vm_object_page_clean
785 * Clean all dirty pages in the specified range of object. Leaves page
786 * on whatever queue it is currently on. If NOSYNC is set then do not
787 * write out pages with VPO_NOSYNC set (originally comes from MAP_NOSYNC),
788 * leaving the object dirty.
790 * When stuffing pages asynchronously, allow clustering. XXX we need a
791 * synchronous clustering mode implementation.
793 * Odd semantics: if start == end, we clean everything.
795 * The object must be locked.
798 vm_object_page_clean(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t start, vm_pindex_t end,
802 vm_pindex_t pi, tend;
803 int clearobjflags, curgeneration, n, pagerflags;
805 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_NOTOWNED);
806 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
807 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_VNODE, ("Not a vnode object"));
808 if ((object->flags & OBJ_MIGHTBEDIRTY) == 0 ||
809 object->resident_page_count == 0)
812 pagerflags = (flags & (OBJPC_SYNC | OBJPC_INVAL)) != 0 ?
813 VM_PAGER_PUT_SYNC : VM_PAGER_CLUSTER_OK;
814 pagerflags |= (flags & OBJPC_INVAL) != 0 ? VM_PAGER_PUT_INVAL : 0;
816 tend = (end == 0) ? object->size : end;
817 clearobjflags = start == 0 && tend == object->size;
820 curgeneration = object->generation;
822 for (p = vm_page_find_least(object, start); p != NULL; p = np) {
826 np = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
829 if (vm_page_sleep_if_busy(p, TRUE, "vpcwai")) {
830 if (object->generation != curgeneration)
832 np = vm_page_find_least(object, pi);
835 if (!vm_object_page_remove_write(p, flags, &clearobjflags))
838 n = vm_object_page_collect_flush(object, p, pagerflags,
839 flags, &clearobjflags);
840 if (object->generation != curgeneration)
842 np = vm_page_find_least(object, pi + n);
845 VOP_FSYNC(vp, (pagerflags & VM_PAGER_PUT_SYNC) ? MNT_WAIT : 0);
849 vm_object_clear_flag(object, OBJ_MIGHTBEDIRTY);
853 vm_object_page_collect_flush(vm_object_t object, vm_page_t p, int pagerflags,
854 int flags, int *clearobjflags)
856 vm_page_t ma[vm_pageout_page_count], p_first, tp;
857 int count, i, mreq, runlen;
859 mtx_assert(&vm_page_queue_mtx, MA_NOTOWNED);
860 vm_page_lock_assert(p, MA_NOTOWNED);
861 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
866 for (tp = p; count < vm_pageout_page_count; count++) {
867 tp = vm_page_next(tp);
868 if (tp == NULL || tp->busy != 0 || (tp->oflags & VPO_BUSY) != 0)
870 if (!vm_object_page_remove_write(tp, flags, clearobjflags))
874 for (p_first = p; count < vm_pageout_page_count; count++) {
875 tp = vm_page_prev(p_first);
876 if (tp == NULL || tp->busy != 0 || (tp->oflags & VPO_BUSY) != 0)
878 if (!vm_object_page_remove_write(tp, flags, clearobjflags))
884 for (tp = p_first, i = 0; i < count; tp = TAILQ_NEXT(tp, listq), i++)
887 vm_pageout_flush(ma, count, pagerflags, mreq, &runlen);
892 * Note that there is absolutely no sense in writing out
893 * anonymous objects, so we track down the vnode object
895 * We invalidate (remove) all pages from the address space
896 * for semantic correctness.
898 * Note: certain anonymous maps, such as MAP_NOSYNC maps,
899 * may start out with a NULL object.
902 vm_object_sync(vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset, vm_size_t size,
903 boolean_t syncio, boolean_t invalidate)
905 vm_object_t backing_object;
912 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
913 while ((backing_object = object->backing_object) != NULL) {
914 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
915 offset += object->backing_object_offset;
916 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
917 object = backing_object;
918 if (object->size < OFF_TO_IDX(offset + size))
919 size = IDX_TO_OFF(object->size) - offset;
922 * Flush pages if writing is allowed, invalidate them
923 * if invalidation requested. Pages undergoing I/O
924 * will be ignored by vm_object_page_remove().
926 * We cannot lock the vnode and then wait for paging
927 * to complete without deadlocking against vm_fault.
928 * Instead we simply call vm_object_page_remove() and
929 * allow it to block internally on a page-by-page
930 * basis when it encounters pages undergoing async
933 if (object->type == OBJT_VNODE &&
934 (object->flags & OBJ_MIGHTBEDIRTY) != 0) {
937 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
938 (void) vn_start_write(vp, &mp, V_WAIT);
939 vfslocked = VFS_LOCK_GIANT(vp->v_mount);
940 vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
941 flags = (syncio || invalidate) ? OBJPC_SYNC : 0;
942 flags |= invalidate ? OBJPC_INVAL : 0;
943 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
944 vm_object_page_clean(object,
946 OFF_TO_IDX(offset + size + PAGE_MASK),
948 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
950 VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(vfslocked);
951 vn_finished_write(mp);
952 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
954 if ((object->type == OBJT_VNODE ||
955 object->type == OBJT_DEVICE) && invalidate) {
957 purge = old_msync || (object->type == OBJT_DEVICE);
958 vm_object_page_remove(object,
960 OFF_TO_IDX(offset + size + PAGE_MASK),
961 purge ? FALSE : TRUE);
963 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
969 * Implements the madvise function at the object/page level.
971 * MADV_WILLNEED (any object)
973 * Activate the specified pages if they are resident.
975 * MADV_DONTNEED (any object)
977 * Deactivate the specified pages if they are resident.
979 * MADV_FREE (OBJT_DEFAULT/OBJT_SWAP objects,
980 * OBJ_ONEMAPPING only)
982 * Deactivate and clean the specified pages if they are
983 * resident. This permits the process to reuse the pages
984 * without faulting or the kernel to reclaim the pages
988 vm_object_madvise(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t pindex, int count, int advise)
990 vm_pindex_t end, tpindex;
991 vm_object_t backing_object, tobject;
996 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
997 end = pindex + count;
999 * Locate and adjust resident pages
1001 for (; pindex < end; pindex += 1) {
1007 * MADV_FREE only operates on OBJT_DEFAULT or OBJT_SWAP pages
1008 * and those pages must be OBJ_ONEMAPPING.
1010 if (advise == MADV_FREE) {
1011 if ((tobject->type != OBJT_DEFAULT &&
1012 tobject->type != OBJT_SWAP) ||
1013 (tobject->flags & OBJ_ONEMAPPING) == 0) {
1014 goto unlock_tobject;
1016 } else if (tobject->type == OBJT_PHYS)
1017 goto unlock_tobject;
1018 m = vm_page_lookup(tobject, tpindex);
1019 if (m == NULL && advise == MADV_WILLNEED) {
1021 * If the page is cached, reactivate it.
1023 m = vm_page_alloc(tobject, tpindex, VM_ALLOC_IFCACHED |
1028 * There may be swap even if there is no backing page
1030 if (advise == MADV_FREE && tobject->type == OBJT_SWAP)
1031 swap_pager_freespace(tobject, tpindex, 1);
1035 backing_object = tobject->backing_object;
1036 if (backing_object == NULL)
1037 goto unlock_tobject;
1038 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
1039 tpindex += OFF_TO_IDX(tobject->backing_object_offset);
1040 if (tobject != object)
1041 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tobject);
1042 tobject = backing_object;
1044 } else if (m->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
1045 goto unlock_tobject;
1047 * If the page is not in a normal state, skip it.
1050 if (m->hold_count != 0 || m->wire_count != 0) {
1052 goto unlock_tobject;
1054 KASSERT((m->flags & (PG_FICTITIOUS | PG_UNMANAGED)) == 0,
1055 ("vm_object_madvise: page %p is not managed", m));
1056 if ((m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || m->busy) {
1057 if (advise == MADV_WILLNEED) {
1059 * Reference the page before unlocking and
1060 * sleeping so that the page daemon is less
1061 * likely to reclaim it.
1063 vm_page_lock_queues();
1064 vm_page_flag_set(m, PG_REFERENCED);
1065 vm_page_unlock_queues();
1068 if (object != tobject)
1069 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
1070 m->oflags |= VPO_WANTED;
1071 msleep(m, VM_OBJECT_MTX(tobject), PDROP | PVM, "madvpo",
1073 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
1076 if (advise == MADV_WILLNEED) {
1077 vm_page_activate(m);
1078 } else if (advise == MADV_DONTNEED) {
1079 vm_page_dontneed(m);
1080 } else if (advise == MADV_FREE) {
1082 * Mark the page clean. This will allow the page
1083 * to be freed up by the system. However, such pages
1084 * are often reused quickly by malloc()/free()
1085 * so we do not do anything that would cause
1086 * a page fault if we can help it.
1088 * Specifically, we do not try to actually free
1089 * the page now nor do we try to put it in the
1090 * cache (which would cause a page fault on reuse).
1092 * But we do make the page is freeable as we
1093 * can without actually taking the step of unmapping
1096 pmap_clear_modify(m);
1099 vm_page_dontneed(m);
1102 if (advise == MADV_FREE && tobject->type == OBJT_SWAP)
1103 swap_pager_freespace(tobject, tpindex, 1);
1105 if (tobject != object)
1106 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(tobject);
1108 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
1114 * Create a new object which is backed by the
1115 * specified existing object range. The source
1116 * object reference is deallocated.
1118 * The new object and offset into that object
1119 * are returned in the source parameters.
1123 vm_object_t *object, /* IN/OUT */
1124 vm_ooffset_t *offset, /* IN/OUT */
1133 * Don't create the new object if the old object isn't shared.
1135 if (source != NULL) {
1136 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(source);
1137 if (source->ref_count == 1 &&
1138 source->handle == NULL &&
1139 (source->type == OBJT_DEFAULT ||
1140 source->type == OBJT_SWAP)) {
1141 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(source);
1144 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(source);
1148 * Allocate a new object with the given length.
1150 result = vm_object_allocate(OBJT_DEFAULT, length);
1153 * The new object shadows the source object, adding a reference to it.
1154 * Our caller changes his reference to point to the new object,
1155 * removing a reference to the source object. Net result: no change
1156 * of reference count.
1158 * Try to optimize the result object's page color when shadowing
1159 * in order to maintain page coloring consistency in the combined
1162 result->backing_object = source;
1164 * Store the offset into the source object, and fix up the offset into
1167 result->backing_object_offset = *offset;
1168 if (source != NULL) {
1169 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(source);
1170 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&source->shadow_head, result, shadow_list);
1171 source->shadow_count++;
1172 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
1173 result->flags |= source->flags & OBJ_COLORED;
1174 result->pg_color = (source->pg_color + OFF_TO_IDX(*offset)) &
1175 ((1 << (VM_NFREEORDER - 1)) - 1);
1177 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(source);
1182 * Return the new things
1191 * Split the pages in a map entry into a new object. This affords
1192 * easier removal of unused pages, and keeps object inheritance from
1193 * being a negative impact on memory usage.
1196 vm_object_split(vm_map_entry_t entry)
1198 vm_page_t m, m_next;
1199 vm_object_t orig_object, new_object, source;
1200 vm_pindex_t idx, offidxstart;
1203 orig_object = entry->object.vm_object;
1204 if (orig_object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT && orig_object->type != OBJT_SWAP)
1206 if (orig_object->ref_count <= 1)
1208 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(orig_object);
1210 offidxstart = OFF_TO_IDX(entry->offset);
1211 size = atop(entry->end - entry->start);
1214 * If swap_pager_copy() is later called, it will convert new_object
1215 * into a swap object.
1217 new_object = vm_object_allocate(OBJT_DEFAULT, size);
1220 * At this point, the new object is still private, so the order in
1221 * which the original and new objects are locked does not matter.
1223 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(new_object);
1224 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(orig_object);
1225 source = orig_object->backing_object;
1226 if (source != NULL) {
1227 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(source);
1228 if ((source->flags & OBJ_DEAD) != 0) {
1229 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(source);
1230 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(orig_object);
1231 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(new_object);
1232 vm_object_deallocate(new_object);
1233 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(orig_object);
1236 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&source->shadow_head,
1237 new_object, shadow_list);
1238 source->shadow_count++;
1239 vm_object_reference_locked(source); /* for new_object */
1240 vm_object_clear_flag(source, OBJ_ONEMAPPING);
1241 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(source);
1242 new_object->backing_object_offset =
1243 orig_object->backing_object_offset + entry->offset;
1244 new_object->backing_object = source;
1246 if (orig_object->cred != NULL) {
1247 new_object->cred = orig_object->cred;
1248 crhold(orig_object->cred);
1249 new_object->charge = ptoa(size);
1250 KASSERT(orig_object->charge >= ptoa(size),
1251 ("orig_object->charge < 0"));
1252 orig_object->charge -= ptoa(size);
1255 m = vm_page_find_least(orig_object, offidxstart);
1256 for (; m != NULL && (idx = m->pindex - offidxstart) < size;
1258 m_next = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
1261 * We must wait for pending I/O to complete before we can
1264 * We do not have to VM_PROT_NONE the page as mappings should
1265 * not be changed by this operation.
1267 if ((m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || m->busy) {
1268 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(new_object);
1269 m->oflags |= VPO_WANTED;
1270 msleep(m, VM_OBJECT_MTX(orig_object), PVM, "spltwt", 0);
1271 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(new_object);
1275 vm_page_rename(m, new_object, idx);
1277 /* page automatically made dirty by rename and cache handled */
1280 if (orig_object->type == OBJT_SWAP) {
1282 * swap_pager_copy() can sleep, in which case the orig_object's
1283 * and new_object's locks are released and reacquired.
1285 swap_pager_copy(orig_object, new_object, offidxstart, 0);
1288 * Transfer any cached pages from orig_object to new_object.
1290 if (__predict_false(orig_object->cache != NULL))
1291 vm_page_cache_transfer(orig_object, offidxstart,
1294 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(orig_object);
1295 TAILQ_FOREACH(m, &new_object->memq, listq)
1297 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(new_object);
1298 entry->object.vm_object = new_object;
1299 entry->offset = 0LL;
1300 vm_object_deallocate(orig_object);
1301 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(new_object);
1304 #define OBSC_TEST_ALL_SHADOWED 0x0001
1305 #define OBSC_COLLAPSE_NOWAIT 0x0002
1306 #define OBSC_COLLAPSE_WAIT 0x0004
1309 vm_object_backing_scan(vm_object_t object, int op)
1313 vm_object_t backing_object;
1314 vm_pindex_t backing_offset_index;
1316 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1317 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object->backing_object, MA_OWNED);
1319 backing_object = object->backing_object;
1320 backing_offset_index = OFF_TO_IDX(object->backing_object_offset);
1323 * Initial conditions
1325 if (op & OBSC_TEST_ALL_SHADOWED) {
1327 * We do not want to have to test for the existence of cache
1328 * or swap pages in the backing object. XXX but with the
1329 * new swapper this would be pretty easy to do.
1331 * XXX what about anonymous MAP_SHARED memory that hasn't
1332 * been ZFOD faulted yet? If we do not test for this, the
1333 * shadow test may succeed! XXX
1335 if (backing_object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT) {
1339 if (op & OBSC_COLLAPSE_WAIT) {
1340 vm_object_set_flag(backing_object, OBJ_DEAD);
1346 p = TAILQ_FIRST(&backing_object->memq);
1348 vm_page_t next = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
1349 vm_pindex_t new_pindex = p->pindex - backing_offset_index;
1351 if (op & OBSC_TEST_ALL_SHADOWED) {
1355 * Ignore pages outside the parent object's range
1356 * and outside the parent object's mapping of the
1359 * note that we do not busy the backing object's
1363 p->pindex < backing_offset_index ||
1364 new_pindex >= object->size
1371 * See if the parent has the page or if the parent's
1372 * object pager has the page. If the parent has the
1373 * page but the page is not valid, the parent's
1374 * object pager must have the page.
1376 * If this fails, the parent does not completely shadow
1377 * the object and we might as well give up now.
1380 pp = vm_page_lookup(object, new_pindex);
1382 (pp == NULL || pp->valid == 0) &&
1383 !vm_pager_has_page(object, new_pindex, NULL, NULL)
1391 * Check for busy page
1393 if (op & (OBSC_COLLAPSE_WAIT | OBSC_COLLAPSE_NOWAIT)) {
1396 if (op & OBSC_COLLAPSE_NOWAIT) {
1397 if ((p->oflags & VPO_BUSY) ||
1403 } else if (op & OBSC_COLLAPSE_WAIT) {
1404 if ((p->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || p->busy) {
1405 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
1406 p->oflags |= VPO_WANTED;
1407 msleep(p, VM_OBJECT_MTX(backing_object),
1408 PDROP | PVM, "vmocol", 0);
1409 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(object);
1410 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
1412 * If we slept, anything could have
1413 * happened. Since the object is
1414 * marked dead, the backing offset
1415 * should not have changed so we
1416 * just restart our scan.
1418 p = TAILQ_FIRST(&backing_object->memq);
1424 p->object == backing_object,
1425 ("vm_object_backing_scan: object mismatch")
1429 * Destroy any associated swap
1431 if (backing_object->type == OBJT_SWAP) {
1432 swap_pager_freespace(
1440 p->pindex < backing_offset_index ||
1441 new_pindex >= object->size
1444 * Page is out of the parent object's range, we
1445 * can simply destroy it.
1448 KASSERT(!pmap_page_is_mapped(p),
1449 ("freeing mapped page %p", p));
1450 if (p->wire_count == 0)
1459 pp = vm_page_lookup(object, new_pindex);
1462 vm_pager_has_page(object, new_pindex, NULL, NULL)
1465 * page already exists in parent OR swap exists
1466 * for this location in the parent. Destroy
1467 * the original page from the backing object.
1469 * Leave the parent's page alone
1472 KASSERT(!pmap_page_is_mapped(p),
1473 ("freeing mapped page %p", p));
1474 if (p->wire_count == 0)
1483 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
1485 * Rename the reservation.
1487 vm_reserv_rename(p, object, backing_object,
1488 backing_offset_index);
1492 * Page does not exist in parent, rename the
1493 * page from the backing object to the main object.
1495 * If the page was mapped to a process, it can remain
1496 * mapped through the rename.
1499 vm_page_rename(p, object, new_pindex);
1501 /* page automatically made dirty by rename */
1510 * this version of collapse allows the operation to occur earlier and
1511 * when paging_in_progress is true for an object... This is not a complete
1512 * operation, but should plug 99.9% of the rest of the leaks.
1515 vm_object_qcollapse(vm_object_t object)
1517 vm_object_t backing_object = object->backing_object;
1519 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1520 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(backing_object, MA_OWNED);
1522 if (backing_object->ref_count != 1)
1525 vm_object_backing_scan(object, OBSC_COLLAPSE_NOWAIT);
1529 * vm_object_collapse:
1531 * Collapse an object with the object backing it.
1532 * Pages in the backing object are moved into the
1533 * parent, and the backing object is deallocated.
1536 vm_object_collapse(vm_object_t object)
1538 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1541 vm_object_t backing_object;
1544 * Verify that the conditions are right for collapse:
1546 * The object exists and the backing object exists.
1548 if ((backing_object = object->backing_object) == NULL)
1552 * we check the backing object first, because it is most likely
1555 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
1556 if (backing_object->handle != NULL ||
1557 (backing_object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT &&
1558 backing_object->type != OBJT_SWAP) ||
1559 (backing_object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) ||
1560 object->handle != NULL ||
1561 (object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT &&
1562 object->type != OBJT_SWAP) ||
1563 (object->flags & OBJ_DEAD)) {
1564 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object);
1569 object->paging_in_progress != 0 ||
1570 backing_object->paging_in_progress != 0
1572 vm_object_qcollapse(object);
1573 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object);
1577 * We know that we can either collapse the backing object (if
1578 * the parent is the only reference to it) or (perhaps) have
1579 * the parent bypass the object if the parent happens to shadow
1580 * all the resident pages in the entire backing object.
1582 * This is ignoring pager-backed pages such as swap pages.
1583 * vm_object_backing_scan fails the shadowing test in this
1586 if (backing_object->ref_count == 1) {
1588 * If there is exactly one reference to the backing
1589 * object, we can collapse it into the parent.
1591 vm_object_backing_scan(object, OBSC_COLLAPSE_WAIT);
1593 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
1595 * Break any reservations from backing_object.
1597 if (__predict_false(!LIST_EMPTY(&backing_object->rvq)))
1598 vm_reserv_break_all(backing_object);
1602 * Move the pager from backing_object to object.
1604 if (backing_object->type == OBJT_SWAP) {
1606 * swap_pager_copy() can sleep, in which case
1607 * the backing_object's and object's locks are
1608 * released and reacquired.
1613 OFF_TO_IDX(object->backing_object_offset), TRUE);
1616 * Free any cached pages from backing_object.
1618 if (__predict_false(backing_object->cache != NULL))
1619 vm_page_cache_free(backing_object, 0, 0);
1622 * Object now shadows whatever backing_object did.
1623 * Note that the reference to
1624 * backing_object->backing_object moves from within
1625 * backing_object to within object.
1627 LIST_REMOVE(object, shadow_list);
1628 backing_object->shadow_count--;
1629 if (backing_object->backing_object) {
1630 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object->backing_object);
1631 LIST_REMOVE(backing_object, shadow_list);
1633 &backing_object->backing_object->shadow_head,
1634 object, shadow_list);
1636 * The shadow_count has not changed.
1638 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object->backing_object);
1640 object->backing_object = backing_object->backing_object;
1641 object->backing_object_offset +=
1642 backing_object->backing_object_offset;
1645 * Discard backing_object.
1647 * Since the backing object has no pages, no pager left,
1648 * and no object references within it, all that is
1649 * necessary is to dispose of it.
1651 KASSERT(backing_object->ref_count == 1, (
1652 "backing_object %p was somehow re-referenced during collapse!",
1654 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object);
1655 vm_object_destroy(backing_object);
1659 vm_object_t new_backing_object;
1662 * If we do not entirely shadow the backing object,
1663 * there is nothing we can do so we give up.
1665 if (object->resident_page_count != object->size &&
1666 vm_object_backing_scan(object,
1667 OBSC_TEST_ALL_SHADOWED) == 0) {
1668 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object);
1673 * Make the parent shadow the next object in the
1674 * chain. Deallocating backing_object will not remove
1675 * it, since its reference count is at least 2.
1677 LIST_REMOVE(object, shadow_list);
1678 backing_object->shadow_count--;
1680 new_backing_object = backing_object->backing_object;
1681 if ((object->backing_object = new_backing_object) != NULL) {
1682 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(new_backing_object);
1684 &new_backing_object->shadow_head,
1688 new_backing_object->shadow_count++;
1689 vm_object_reference_locked(new_backing_object);
1690 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(new_backing_object);
1691 object->backing_object_offset +=
1692 backing_object->backing_object_offset;
1696 * Drop the reference count on backing_object. Since
1697 * its ref_count was at least 2, it will not vanish.
1699 backing_object->ref_count--;
1700 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(backing_object);
1705 * Try again with this object's new backing object.
1711 * vm_object_page_remove:
1713 * For the given object, either frees or invalidates each of the
1714 * specified pages. In general, a page is freed. However, if a
1715 * page is wired for any reason other than the existence of a
1716 * managed, wired mapping, then it may be invalidated but not
1717 * removed from the object. Pages are specified by the given
1718 * range ["start", "end") and Boolean "clean_only". As a
1719 * special case, if "end" is zero, then the range extends from
1720 * "start" to the end of the object. If "clean_only" is TRUE,
1721 * then only the non-dirty pages within the specified range are
1724 * In general, this operation should only be performed on objects
1725 * that contain managed pages. There are two exceptions. First,
1726 * it may be performed on the kernel and kmem objects. Second,
1727 * it may be used by msync(..., MS_INVALIDATE) to invalidate
1728 * device-backed pages. In both of these cases, "clean_only"
1731 * The object must be locked.
1734 vm_object_page_remove(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t start, vm_pindex_t end,
1735 boolean_t clean_only)
1740 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1741 if (object->resident_page_count == 0)
1745 * Since physically-backed objects do not use managed pages, we can't
1746 * remove pages from the object (we must instead remove the page
1747 * references, and then destroy the object).
1749 KASSERT(object->type != OBJT_PHYS || object == kernel_object ||
1750 object == kmem_object,
1751 ("attempt to remove pages from a physical object"));
1753 vm_object_pip_add(object, 1);
1755 p = vm_page_find_least(object, start);
1758 * Assert: the variable p is either (1) the page with the
1759 * least pindex greater than or equal to the parameter pindex
1763 p != NULL && (p->pindex < end || end == 0);
1765 next = TAILQ_NEXT(p, listq);
1768 * If the page is wired for any reason besides the
1769 * existence of managed, wired mappings, then it cannot
1770 * be freed. For example, fictitious pages, which
1771 * represent device memory, are inherently wired and
1772 * cannot be freed. They can, however, be invalidated
1773 * if "clean_only" is FALSE.
1776 if ((wirings = p->wire_count) != 0 &&
1777 (wirings = pmap_page_wired_mappings(p)) != p->wire_count) {
1778 /* Fictitious pages do not have managed mappings. */
1779 if ((p->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0)
1781 /* Account for removal of managed, wired mappings. */
1782 p->wire_count -= wirings;
1790 if (vm_page_sleep_if_busy(p, TRUE, "vmopar"))
1792 KASSERT((p->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0,
1793 ("vm_object_page_remove: page %p is fictitious", p));
1794 if (clean_only && p->valid) {
1795 pmap_remove_write(p);
1802 /* Account for removal of managed, wired mappings. */
1804 p->wire_count -= wirings;
1808 vm_object_pip_wakeup(object);
1810 if (__predict_false(object->cache != NULL))
1811 vm_page_cache_free(object, start, end);
1815 * Populate the specified range of the object with valid pages. Returns
1816 * TRUE if the range is successfully populated and FALSE otherwise.
1818 * Note: This function should be optimized to pass a larger array of
1819 * pages to vm_pager_get_pages() before it is applied to a non-
1820 * OBJT_DEVICE object.
1822 * The object must be locked.
1825 vm_object_populate(vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t start, vm_pindex_t end)
1831 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1832 for (pindex = start; pindex < end; pindex++) {
1833 m = vm_page_grab(object, pindex, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
1835 if (m->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
1837 rv = vm_pager_get_pages(object, ma, 1, 0);
1838 m = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex);
1841 if (rv != VM_PAGER_OK) {
1849 * Keep "m" busy because a subsequent iteration may unlock
1853 if (pindex > start) {
1854 m = vm_page_lookup(object, start);
1855 while (m != NULL && m->pindex < pindex) {
1857 m = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
1860 return (pindex == end);
1864 * Routine: vm_object_coalesce
1865 * Function: Coalesces two objects backing up adjoining
1866 * regions of memory into a single object.
1868 * returns TRUE if objects were combined.
1870 * NOTE: Only works at the moment if the second object is NULL -
1871 * if it's not, which object do we lock first?
1874 * prev_object First object to coalesce
1875 * prev_offset Offset into prev_object
1876 * prev_size Size of reference to prev_object
1877 * next_size Size of reference to the second object
1878 * reserved Indicator that extension region has
1879 * swap accounted for
1882 * The object must *not* be locked.
1885 vm_object_coalesce(vm_object_t prev_object, vm_ooffset_t prev_offset,
1886 vm_size_t prev_size, vm_size_t next_size, boolean_t reserved)
1888 vm_pindex_t next_pindex;
1890 if (prev_object == NULL)
1892 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(prev_object);
1893 if (prev_object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT &&
1894 prev_object->type != OBJT_SWAP) {
1895 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(prev_object);
1900 * Try to collapse the object first
1902 vm_object_collapse(prev_object);
1905 * Can't coalesce if: . more than one reference . paged out . shadows
1906 * another object . has a copy elsewhere (any of which mean that the
1907 * pages not mapped to prev_entry may be in use anyway)
1909 if (prev_object->backing_object != NULL) {
1910 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(prev_object);
1914 prev_size >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
1915 next_size >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
1916 next_pindex = OFF_TO_IDX(prev_offset) + prev_size;
1918 if ((prev_object->ref_count > 1) &&
1919 (prev_object->size != next_pindex)) {
1920 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(prev_object);
1925 * Account for the charge.
1927 if (prev_object->cred != NULL) {
1930 * If prev_object was charged, then this mapping,
1931 * althought not charged now, may become writable
1932 * later. Non-NULL cred in the object would prevent
1933 * swap reservation during enabling of the write
1934 * access, so reserve swap now. Failed reservation
1935 * cause allocation of the separate object for the map
1936 * entry, and swap reservation for this entry is
1937 * managed in appropriate time.
1939 if (!reserved && !swap_reserve_by_cred(ptoa(next_size),
1940 prev_object->cred)) {
1943 prev_object->charge += ptoa(next_size);
1947 * Remove any pages that may still be in the object from a previous
1950 if (next_pindex < prev_object->size) {
1951 vm_object_page_remove(prev_object,
1953 next_pindex + next_size, FALSE);
1954 if (prev_object->type == OBJT_SWAP)
1955 swap_pager_freespace(prev_object,
1956 next_pindex, next_size);
1958 if (prev_object->cred != NULL) {
1959 KASSERT(prev_object->charge >=
1960 ptoa(prev_object->size - next_pindex),
1961 ("object %p overcharged 1 %jx %jx", prev_object,
1962 (uintmax_t)next_pindex, (uintmax_t)next_size));
1963 prev_object->charge -= ptoa(prev_object->size -
1970 * Extend the object if necessary.
1972 if (next_pindex + next_size > prev_object->size)
1973 prev_object->size = next_pindex + next_size;
1975 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(prev_object);
1980 vm_object_set_writeable_dirty(vm_object_t object)
1983 VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(object, MA_OWNED);
1984 if (object->type != OBJT_VNODE)
1986 object->generation++;
1987 if ((object->flags & OBJ_MIGHTBEDIRTY) != 0)
1989 vm_object_set_flag(object, OBJ_MIGHTBEDIRTY);
1992 #include "opt_ddb.h"
1994 #include <sys/kernel.h>
1996 #include <sys/cons.h>
1998 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
2001 _vm_object_in_map(vm_map_t map, vm_object_t object, vm_map_entry_t entry)
2004 vm_map_entry_t tmpe;
2012 tmpe = map->header.next;
2013 entcount = map->nentries;
2014 while (entcount-- && (tmpe != &map->header)) {
2015 if (_vm_object_in_map(map, object, tmpe)) {
2020 } else if (entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_IS_SUB_MAP) {
2021 tmpm = entry->object.sub_map;
2022 tmpe = tmpm->header.next;
2023 entcount = tmpm->nentries;
2024 while (entcount-- && tmpe != &tmpm->header) {
2025 if (_vm_object_in_map(tmpm, object, tmpe)) {
2030 } else if ((obj = entry->object.vm_object) != NULL) {
2031 for (; obj; obj = obj->backing_object)
2032 if (obj == object) {
2040 vm_object_in_map(vm_object_t object)
2044 /* sx_slock(&allproc_lock); */
2045 FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
2046 if (!p->p_vmspace /* || (p->p_flag & (P_SYSTEM|P_WEXIT)) */)
2048 if (_vm_object_in_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, object, 0)) {
2049 /* sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock); */
2053 /* sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock); */
2054 if (_vm_object_in_map(kernel_map, object, 0))
2056 if (_vm_object_in_map(kmem_map, object, 0))
2058 if (_vm_object_in_map(pager_map, object, 0))
2060 if (_vm_object_in_map(buffer_map, object, 0))
2065 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(vmochk, vm_object_check)
2070 * make sure that internal objs are in a map somewhere
2071 * and none have zero ref counts.
2073 TAILQ_FOREACH(object, &vm_object_list, object_list) {
2074 if (object->handle == NULL &&
2075 (object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT || object->type == OBJT_SWAP)) {
2076 if (object->ref_count == 0) {
2077 db_printf("vmochk: internal obj has zero ref count: %ld\n",
2078 (long)object->size);
2080 if (!vm_object_in_map(object)) {
2082 "vmochk: internal obj is not in a map: "
2083 "ref: %d, size: %lu: 0x%lx, backing_object: %p\n",
2084 object->ref_count, (u_long)object->size,
2085 (u_long)object->size,
2086 (void *)object->backing_object);
2093 * vm_object_print: [ debug ]
2095 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(object, vm_object_print_static)
2097 /* XXX convert args. */
2098 vm_object_t object = (vm_object_t)addr;
2099 boolean_t full = have_addr;
2103 /* XXX count is an (unused) arg. Avoid shadowing it. */
2104 #define count was_count
2112 "Object %p: type=%d, size=0x%jx, res=%d, ref=%d, flags=0x%x ruid %d charge %jx\n",
2113 object, (int)object->type, (uintmax_t)object->size,
2114 object->resident_page_count, object->ref_count, object->flags,
2115 object->cred ? object->cred->cr_ruid : -1, (uintmax_t)object->charge);
2116 db_iprintf(" sref=%d, backing_object(%d)=(%p)+0x%jx\n",
2117 object->shadow_count,
2118 object->backing_object ? object->backing_object->ref_count : 0,
2119 object->backing_object, (uintmax_t)object->backing_object_offset);
2126 TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &object->memq, listq) {
2128 db_iprintf("memory:=");
2129 else if (count == 6) {
2137 db_printf("(off=0x%jx,page=0x%jx)",
2138 (uintmax_t)p->pindex, (uintmax_t)VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(p));
2148 /* XXX need this non-static entry for calling from vm_map_print. */
2151 /* db_expr_t */ long addr,
2152 boolean_t have_addr,
2153 /* db_expr_t */ long count,
2156 vm_object_print_static(addr, have_addr, count, modif);
2159 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(vmopag, vm_object_print_pages)
2164 vm_page_t m, prev_m;
2168 TAILQ_FOREACH(object, &vm_object_list, object_list) {
2169 db_printf("new object: %p\n", (void *)object);
2180 TAILQ_FOREACH(m, &object->memq, listq) {
2181 if (m->pindex > 128)
2183 if ((prev_m = TAILQ_PREV(m, pglist, listq)) != NULL &&
2184 prev_m->pindex + 1 != m->pindex) {
2186 db_printf(" index(%ld)run(%d)pa(0x%lx)\n",
2187 (long)fidx, rcount, (long)pa);
2199 (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) == pa + rcount * PAGE_SIZE)) {
2204 db_printf(" index(%ld)run(%d)pa(0x%lx)\n",
2205 (long)fidx, rcount, (long)pa);
2215 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
2219 db_printf(" index(%ld)run(%d)pa(0x%lx)\n",
2220 (long)fidx, rcount, (long)pa);