2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
4 * Copyright (c) 2002-2006 Rice University
5 * Copyright (c) 2007 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
8 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Alan L. Cox,
9 * Olivier Crameri, Peter Druschel, Sitaram Iyer, and Juan Navarro.
11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
21 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
22 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
23 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
24 * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
26 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
27 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
28 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY
30 * WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
31 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
35 * Physical memory system implementation
37 * Any external functions defined by this module are only to be used by the
38 * virtual memory system.
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/systm.h>
50 #include <sys/kernel.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/mutex.h>
54 #include <sys/queue.h>
55 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
57 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
59 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
65 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
66 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
67 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
68 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
69 #include <vm/vm_phys.h>
70 #include <vm/vm_pagequeue.h>
72 _Static_assert(sizeof(long) * NBBY >= VM_PHYSSEG_MAX,
73 "Too many physsegs.");
76 struct mem_affinity __read_mostly *mem_affinity;
77 int __read_mostly *mem_locality;
80 int __read_mostly vm_ndomains = 1;
82 struct vm_phys_seg __read_mostly vm_phys_segs[VM_PHYSSEG_MAX];
83 int __read_mostly vm_phys_nsegs;
85 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg;
86 static int vm_phys_fictitious_cmp(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *,
87 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *);
89 RB_HEAD(fict_tree, vm_phys_fictitious_seg) vm_phys_fictitious_tree =
90 RB_INITIALIZER(_vm_phys_fictitious_tree);
92 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg {
93 RB_ENTRY(vm_phys_fictitious_seg) node;
94 /* Memory region data */
100 RB_GENERATE_STATIC(fict_tree, vm_phys_fictitious_seg, node,
101 vm_phys_fictitious_cmp);
103 static struct rwlock_padalign vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock;
104 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_FICT_PAGES, "vm_fictitious", "Fictitious VM pages");
106 static struct vm_freelist __aligned(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)
107 vm_phys_free_queues[MAXMEMDOM][VM_NFREELIST][VM_NFREEPOOL][VM_NFREEORDER];
109 static int __read_mostly vm_nfreelists;
112 * Provides the mapping from VM_FREELIST_* to free list indices (flind).
114 static int __read_mostly vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_NFREELIST];
116 CTASSERT(VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT == 0);
118 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_ISADMA
119 #define VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY 16777216
121 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_DMA32
122 #define VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY ((vm_paddr_t)1 << 32)
126 * Enforce the assumptions made by vm_phys_add_seg() and vm_phys_init() about
127 * the ordering of the free list boundaries.
129 #if defined(VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY) && defined(VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY)
130 CTASSERT(VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY < VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY);
132 #if defined(VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) && defined(VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY)
133 CTASSERT(VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY < VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY);
136 static int sysctl_vm_phys_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
137 SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_free, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
138 NULL, 0, sysctl_vm_phys_free, "A", "Phys Free Info");
140 static int sysctl_vm_phys_segs(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
141 SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_segs, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
142 NULL, 0, sysctl_vm_phys_segs, "A", "Phys Seg Info");
145 static int sysctl_vm_phys_locality(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
146 SYSCTL_OID(_vm, OID_AUTO, phys_locality, CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
147 NULL, 0, sysctl_vm_phys_locality, "A", "Phys Locality Info");
150 SYSCTL_INT(_vm, OID_AUTO, ndomains, CTLFLAG_RD,
151 &vm_ndomains, 0, "Number of physical memory domains available.");
153 static vm_page_t vm_phys_alloc_seg_contig(struct vm_phys_seg *seg,
154 u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high, u_long alignment,
155 vm_paddr_t boundary);
156 static void _vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int domain);
157 static void vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end);
158 static void vm_phys_split_pages(vm_page_t m, int oind, struct vm_freelist *fl,
159 int order, int tail);
162 * Red-black tree helpers for vm fictitious range management.
165 vm_phys_fictitious_in_range(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p,
166 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *range)
169 KASSERT(range->start != 0 && range->end != 0,
170 ("Invalid range passed on search for vm_fictitious page"));
171 if (p->start >= range->end)
173 if (p->start < range->start)
180 vm_phys_fictitious_cmp(struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p1,
181 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *p2)
184 /* Check if this is a search for a page */
186 return (vm_phys_fictitious_in_range(p1, p2));
188 KASSERT(p2->end != 0,
189 ("Invalid range passed as second parameter to vm fictitious comparison"));
191 /* Searching to add a new range */
192 if (p1->end <= p2->start)
194 if (p1->start >= p2->end)
197 panic("Trying to add overlapping vm fictitious ranges:\n"
198 "[%#jx:%#jx] and [%#jx:%#jx]", (uintmax_t)p1->start,
199 (uintmax_t)p1->end, (uintmax_t)p2->start, (uintmax_t)p2->end);
203 vm_phys_domain_match(int prefer, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high)
209 if (vm_ndomains == 1 || mem_affinity == NULL)
212 DOMAINSET_ZERO(&mask);
214 * Check for any memory that overlaps low, high.
216 for (i = 0; mem_affinity[i].end != 0; i++)
217 if (mem_affinity[i].start <= high &&
218 mem_affinity[i].end >= low)
219 DOMAINSET_SET(mem_affinity[i].domain, &mask);
220 if (prefer != -1 && DOMAINSET_ISSET(prefer, &mask))
222 if (DOMAINSET_EMPTY(&mask))
223 panic("vm_phys_domain_match: Impossible constraint");
224 return (DOMAINSET_FFS(&mask) - 1);
231 * Outputs the state of the physical memory allocator, specifically,
232 * the amount of physical memory in each free list.
235 sysctl_vm_phys_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
238 struct vm_freelist *fl;
239 int dom, error, flind, oind, pind;
241 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
244 sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128 * vm_ndomains, req);
245 for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
246 sbuf_printf(&sbuf,"\nDOMAIN %d:\n", dom);
247 for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
248 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\nFREE LIST %d:\n"
249 "\n ORDER (SIZE) | NUMBER"
251 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
252 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, " | POOL %d", pind);
253 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n-- ");
254 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
255 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "-- -- ");
256 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "--\n");
257 for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
258 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, " %2d (%6dK)", oind,
259 1 << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10 + oind));
260 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
261 fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
262 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, " | %6d",
265 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
269 error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
275 * Outputs the set of physical memory segments.
278 sysctl_vm_phys_segs(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
281 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
284 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
287 sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req);
288 for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
289 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\nSEGMENT %d:\n\n", segind);
290 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
291 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "start: %#jx\n",
292 (uintmax_t)seg->start);
293 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "end: %#jx\n",
294 (uintmax_t)seg->end);
295 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "domain: %d\n", seg->domain);
296 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "free list: %p\n", seg->free_queues);
298 error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
304 * Return affinity, or -1 if there's no affinity information.
307 vm_phys_mem_affinity(int f, int t)
311 if (mem_locality == NULL)
313 if (f >= vm_ndomains || t >= vm_ndomains)
315 return (mem_locality[f * vm_ndomains + t]);
323 * Outputs the VM locality table.
326 sysctl_vm_phys_locality(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
331 error = sysctl_wire_old_buffer(req, 0);
334 sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 128, req);
336 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
338 for (i = 0; i < vm_ndomains; i++) {
339 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%d: ", i);
340 for (j = 0; j < vm_ndomains; j++) {
341 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "%d ", vm_phys_mem_affinity(i, j));
343 sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "\n");
345 error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
352 vm_freelist_add(struct vm_freelist *fl, vm_page_t m, int order, int tail)
357 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
359 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
364 vm_freelist_rem(struct vm_freelist *fl, vm_page_t m, int order)
367 TAILQ_REMOVE(&fl[order].pl, m, listq);
369 m->order = VM_NFREEORDER;
373 * Create a physical memory segment.
376 _vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int domain)
378 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
380 KASSERT(vm_phys_nsegs < VM_PHYSSEG_MAX,
381 ("vm_phys_create_seg: increase VM_PHYSSEG_MAX"));
382 KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
383 ("vm_phys_create_seg: invalid domain provided"));
384 seg = &vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs++];
385 while (seg > vm_phys_segs && (seg - 1)->start >= end) {
391 seg->domain = domain;
395 vm_phys_create_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
400 if (mem_affinity == NULL) {
401 _vm_phys_create_seg(start, end, 0);
406 if (mem_affinity[i].end == 0)
407 panic("Reached end of affinity info");
408 if (mem_affinity[i].end <= start)
410 if (mem_affinity[i].start > start)
411 panic("No affinity info for start %jx",
413 if (mem_affinity[i].end >= end) {
414 _vm_phys_create_seg(start, end,
415 mem_affinity[i].domain);
418 _vm_phys_create_seg(start, mem_affinity[i].end,
419 mem_affinity[i].domain);
420 start = mem_affinity[i].end;
423 _vm_phys_create_seg(start, end, 0);
428 * Add a physical memory segment.
431 vm_phys_add_seg(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
435 KASSERT((start & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
436 ("vm_phys_define_seg: start is not page aligned"));
437 KASSERT((end & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
438 ("vm_phys_define_seg: end is not page aligned"));
441 * Split the physical memory segment if it spans two or more free
445 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_ISADMA
446 if (paddr < VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY && end > VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY) {
447 vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY);
448 paddr = VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY;
451 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
452 if (paddr < VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY && end > VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) {
453 vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY);
454 paddr = VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY;
457 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_DMA32
458 if (paddr < VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY && end > VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY) {
459 vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY);
460 paddr = VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY;
463 vm_phys_create_seg(paddr, end);
467 * Initialize the physical memory allocator.
469 * Requires that vm_page_array is initialized!
474 struct vm_freelist *fl;
475 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
477 int dom, flind, freelist, oind, pind, segind;
480 * Compute the number of free lists, and generate the mapping from the
481 * manifest constants VM_FREELIST_* to the free list indices.
483 * Initially, the entries of vm_freelist_to_flind[] are set to either
484 * 0 or 1 to indicate which free lists should be created.
487 for (segind = vm_phys_nsegs - 1; segind >= 0; segind--) {
488 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
489 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_ISADMA
490 if (seg->end <= VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY)
491 vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_ISADMA] = 1;
494 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
495 if (seg->end <= VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY)
496 vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM] = 1;
499 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_DMA32
501 #ifdef VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD
503 * Create the DMA32 free list only if the amount of
504 * physical memory above physical address 4G exceeds the
507 npages > VM_DMA32_NPAGES_THRESHOLD &&
509 seg->end <= VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY)
510 vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DMA32] = 1;
514 npages += atop(seg->end - seg->start);
515 vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT] = 1;
518 /* Change each entry into a running total of the free lists. */
519 for (freelist = 1; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
520 vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist] +=
521 vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist - 1];
523 vm_nfreelists = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_NFREELIST - 1];
524 KASSERT(vm_nfreelists > 0, ("vm_phys_init: no free lists"));
525 /* Change each entry into a free list index. */
526 for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++)
527 vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist]--;
530 * Initialize the first_page and free_queues fields of each physical
533 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE
536 for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
537 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
538 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_SPARSE
539 seg->first_page = &vm_page_array[npages];
540 npages += atop(seg->end - seg->start);
542 seg->first_page = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(seg->start);
544 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_ISADMA
545 if (seg->end <= VM_ISADMA_BOUNDARY) {
546 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_ISADMA];
548 ("vm_phys_init: ISADMA flind < 0"));
551 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM
552 if (seg->end <= VM_LOWMEM_BOUNDARY) {
553 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_LOWMEM];
555 ("vm_phys_init: LOWMEM flind < 0"));
558 #ifdef VM_FREELIST_DMA32
559 if (seg->end <= VM_DMA32_BOUNDARY) {
560 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DMA32];
562 ("vm_phys_init: DMA32 flind < 0"));
566 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[VM_FREELIST_DEFAULT];
568 ("vm_phys_init: DEFAULT flind < 0"));
570 seg->free_queues = &vm_phys_free_queues[seg->domain][flind];
574 * Initialize the free queues.
576 for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
577 for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
578 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
579 fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
580 for (oind = 0; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++)
581 TAILQ_INIT(&fl[oind].pl);
586 rw_init(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock, "vmfctr");
590 * Split a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages.
592 * When this function is called by a page allocation function, the caller
593 * should request insertion at the head unless the order [order, oind) queues
594 * are known to be empty. The objective being to reduce the likelihood of
595 * long-term fragmentation by promoting contemporaneous allocation and
596 * (hopefully) deallocation.
599 vm_phys_split_pages(vm_page_t m, int oind, struct vm_freelist *fl, int order,
604 while (oind > order) {
606 m_buddy = &m[1 << oind];
607 KASSERT(m_buddy->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
608 ("vm_phys_split_pages: page %p has unexpected order %d",
609 m_buddy, m_buddy->order));
610 vm_freelist_add(fl, m_buddy, oind, tail);
615 * Add the physical pages [m, m + npages) at the end of a power-of-two aligned
616 * and sized set to the specified free list.
618 * When this function is called by a page allocation function, the caller
619 * should request insertion at the head unless the lower-order queues are
620 * known to be empty. The objective being to reduce the likelihood of long-
621 * term fragmentation by promoting contemporaneous allocation and (hopefully)
624 * The physical page m's buddy must not be free.
627 vm_phys_enq_range(vm_page_t m, u_int npages, struct vm_freelist *fl, int tail)
632 KASSERT(npages > 0, ("vm_phys_enq_range: npages is 0"));
633 KASSERT(((VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) + npages * PAGE_SIZE) &
634 ((PAGE_SIZE << (fls(npages) - 1)) - 1)) == 0,
635 ("vm_phys_enq_range: page %p and npages %u are misaligned",
638 KASSERT(m->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
639 ("vm_phys_enq_range: page %p has unexpected order %d",
641 order = ffs(npages) - 1;
642 KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
643 ("vm_phys_enq_range: order %d is out of range", order));
644 vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, tail);
648 } while (npages > 0);
652 * Tries to allocate the specified number of pages from the specified pool
653 * within the specified domain. Returns the actual number of allocated pages
654 * and a pointer to each page through the array ma[].
656 * The returned pages may not be physically contiguous. However, in contrast
657 * to performing multiple, back-to-back calls to vm_phys_alloc_pages(..., 0),
658 * calling this function once to allocate the desired number of pages will
659 * avoid wasted time in vm_phys_split_pages().
661 * The free page queues for the specified domain must be locked.
664 vm_phys_alloc_npages(int domain, int pool, int npages, vm_page_t ma[])
666 struct vm_freelist *alt, *fl;
668 int avail, end, flind, freelist, i, need, oind, pind;
670 KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
671 ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: domain %d is out of range", domain));
672 KASSERT(pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
673 ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: pool %d is out of range", pool));
674 KASSERT(npages <= 1 << (VM_NFREEORDER - 1),
675 ("vm_phys_alloc_npages: npages %d is out of range", npages));
676 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
678 for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
679 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist];
682 fl = vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pool];
683 for (oind = 0; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++) {
684 while ((m = TAILQ_FIRST(&fl[oind].pl)) != NULL) {
685 vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
687 need = imin(npages - i, avail);
688 for (end = i + need; i < end;)
692 * Return excess pages to fl. Its
693 * order [0, oind) queues are empty.
695 vm_phys_enq_range(m, avail - need, fl,
698 } else if (i == npages)
702 for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
703 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
704 alt = vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pind];
705 while ((m = TAILQ_FIRST(&alt[oind].pl)) !=
707 vm_freelist_rem(alt, m, oind);
708 vm_phys_set_pool(pool, m, oind);
710 need = imin(npages - i, avail);
711 for (end = i + need; i < end;)
715 * Return excess pages to fl.
716 * Its order [0, oind) queues
719 vm_phys_enq_range(m, avail -
722 } else if (i == npages)
732 * Allocate a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages
733 * from the free lists.
735 * The free page queues must be locked.
738 vm_phys_alloc_pages(int domain, int pool, int order)
743 for (freelist = 0; freelist < VM_NFREELIST; freelist++) {
744 m = vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages(domain, freelist, pool, order);
752 * Allocate a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages from the
753 * specified free list. The free list must be specified using one of the
754 * manifest constants VM_FREELIST_*.
756 * The free page queues must be locked.
759 vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages(int domain, int freelist, int pool, int order)
761 struct vm_freelist *alt, *fl;
763 int oind, pind, flind;
765 KASSERT(domain >= 0 && domain < vm_ndomains,
766 ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: domain %d is out of range",
768 KASSERT(freelist < VM_NFREELIST,
769 ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: freelist %d is out of range",
771 KASSERT(pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
772 ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: pool %d is out of range", pool));
773 KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
774 ("vm_phys_alloc_freelist_pages: order %d is out of range", order));
776 flind = vm_freelist_to_flind[freelist];
777 /* Check if freelist is present */
781 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
782 fl = &vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pool][0];
783 for (oind = order; oind < VM_NFREEORDER; oind++) {
784 m = TAILQ_FIRST(&fl[oind].pl);
786 vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
787 /* The order [order, oind) queues are empty. */
788 vm_phys_split_pages(m, oind, fl, order, 1);
794 * The given pool was empty. Find the largest
795 * contiguous, power-of-two-sized set of pages in any
796 * pool. Transfer these pages to the given pool, and
797 * use them to satisfy the allocation.
799 for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= order; oind--) {
800 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
801 alt = &vm_phys_free_queues[domain][flind][pind][0];
802 m = TAILQ_FIRST(&alt[oind].pl);
804 vm_freelist_rem(alt, m, oind);
805 vm_phys_set_pool(pool, m, oind);
806 /* The order [order, oind) queues are empty. */
807 vm_phys_split_pages(m, oind, fl, order, 1);
816 * Find the vm_page corresponding to the given physical address.
819 vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
821 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
824 for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
825 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
826 if (pa >= seg->start && pa < seg->end)
827 return (&seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)]);
833 vm_phys_fictitious_to_vm_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
835 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg tmp, *seg;
842 rw_rlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
843 seg = RB_FIND(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, &tmp);
844 rw_runlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
848 m = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
849 KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0, ("%p not fictitious", m));
855 vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(vm_page_t range, vm_paddr_t start,
856 long page_count, vm_memattr_t memattr)
860 bzero(range, page_count * sizeof(*range));
861 for (i = 0; i < page_count; i++) {
862 vm_page_initfake(&range[i], start + PAGE_SIZE * i, memattr);
863 range[i].oflags &= ~VPO_UNMANAGED;
864 range[i].busy_lock = VPB_UNBUSIED;
869 vm_phys_fictitious_reg_range(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end,
870 vm_memattr_t memattr)
872 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *seg;
875 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
881 ("Start of segment isn't less than end (start: %jx end: %jx)",
882 (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end));
884 page_count = (end - start) / PAGE_SIZE;
886 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
889 if (pi >= first_page && (pi - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
890 fp = &vm_page_array[pi - first_page];
891 if ((pe - first_page) > vm_page_array_size) {
893 * We have a segment that starts inside
894 * of vm_page_array, but ends outside of it.
896 * Use vm_page_array pages for those that are
897 * inside of the vm_page_array range, and
898 * allocate the remaining ones.
900 dpage_count = vm_page_array_size - (pi - first_page);
901 vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, dpage_count,
903 page_count -= dpage_count;
904 start += ptoa(dpage_count);
908 * We can allocate the full range from vm_page_array,
909 * so there's no need to register the range in the tree.
911 vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, page_count, memattr);
913 } else if (pe > first_page && (pe - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
915 * We have a segment that ends inside of vm_page_array,
916 * but starts outside of it.
918 fp = &vm_page_array[0];
919 dpage_count = pe - first_page;
920 vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, ptoa(first_page), dpage_count,
922 end -= ptoa(dpage_count);
923 page_count -= dpage_count;
925 } else if (pi < first_page && pe > (first_page + vm_page_array_size)) {
927 * Trying to register a fictitious range that expands before
928 * and after vm_page_array.
934 fp = malloc(page_count * sizeof(struct vm_page), M_FICT_PAGES,
936 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
939 vm_phys_fictitious_init_range(fp, start, page_count, memattr);
941 seg = malloc(sizeof(*seg), M_FICT_PAGES, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
944 seg->first_page = fp;
946 rw_wlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
947 RB_INSERT(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, seg);
948 rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
954 vm_phys_fictitious_unreg_range(vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end)
956 struct vm_phys_fictitious_seg *seg, tmp;
957 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
962 ("Start of segment isn't less than end (start: %jx end: %jx)",
963 (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end));
965 #ifdef VM_PHYSSEG_DENSE
968 if (pi >= first_page && (pi - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
969 if ((pe - first_page) <= vm_page_array_size) {
971 * This segment was allocated using vm_page_array
972 * only, there's nothing to do since those pages
973 * were never added to the tree.
978 * We have a segment that starts inside
979 * of vm_page_array, but ends outside of it.
981 * Calculate how many pages were added to the
982 * tree and free them.
984 start = ptoa(first_page + vm_page_array_size);
985 } else if (pe > first_page && (pe - first_page) < vm_page_array_size) {
987 * We have a segment that ends inside of vm_page_array,
988 * but starts outside of it.
990 end = ptoa(first_page);
991 } else if (pi < first_page && pe > (first_page + vm_page_array_size)) {
992 /* Since it's not possible to register such a range, panic. */
994 "Unregistering not registered fictitious range [%#jx:%#jx]",
995 (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end);
1001 rw_wlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
1002 seg = RB_FIND(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, &tmp);
1003 if (seg->start != start || seg->end != end) {
1004 rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
1006 "Unregistering not registered fictitious range [%#jx:%#jx]",
1007 (uintmax_t)start, (uintmax_t)end);
1009 RB_REMOVE(fict_tree, &vm_phys_fictitious_tree, seg);
1010 rw_wunlock(&vm_phys_fictitious_reg_lock);
1011 free(seg->first_page, M_FICT_PAGES);
1012 free(seg, M_FICT_PAGES);
1016 * Free a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages.
1018 * The free page queues must be locked.
1021 vm_phys_free_pages(vm_page_t m, int order)
1023 struct vm_freelist *fl;
1024 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
1028 KASSERT(m->order == VM_NFREEORDER,
1029 ("vm_phys_free_pages: page %p has unexpected order %d",
1031 KASSERT(m->pool < VM_NFREEPOOL,
1032 ("vm_phys_free_pages: page %p has unexpected pool %d",
1034 KASSERT(order < VM_NFREEORDER,
1035 ("vm_phys_free_pages: order %d is out of range", order));
1036 seg = &vm_phys_segs[m->segind];
1037 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
1038 if (order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1) {
1039 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
1041 pa ^= ((vm_paddr_t)1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
1042 if (pa < seg->start || pa >= seg->end)
1044 m_buddy = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
1045 if (m_buddy->order != order)
1047 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m_buddy->pool];
1048 vm_freelist_rem(fl, m_buddy, order);
1049 if (m_buddy->pool != m->pool)
1050 vm_phys_set_pool(m->pool, m_buddy, order);
1052 pa &= ~(((vm_paddr_t)1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order)) - 1);
1053 m = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
1054 } while (order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1);
1056 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m->pool];
1057 vm_freelist_add(fl, m, order, 1);
1061 * Free a contiguous, arbitrarily sized set of physical pages.
1063 * The free page queues must be locked.
1066 vm_phys_free_contig(vm_page_t m, u_long npages)
1072 * Avoid unnecessary coalescing by freeing the pages in the largest
1073 * possible power-of-two-sized subsets.
1075 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(vm_pagequeue_domain(m));
1076 for (;; npages -= n) {
1078 * Unsigned "min" is used here so that "order" is assigned
1079 * "VM_NFREEORDER - 1" when "m"'s physical address is zero
1080 * or the low-order bits of its physical address are zero
1081 * because the size of a physical address exceeds the size of
1084 order = min(ffsl(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) >> PAGE_SHIFT) - 1,
1089 vm_phys_free_pages(m, order);
1092 /* The residual "npages" is less than "1 << (VM_NFREEORDER - 1)". */
1093 for (; npages > 0; npages -= n) {
1094 order = flsl(npages) - 1;
1096 vm_phys_free_pages(m, order);
1102 * Scan physical memory between the specified addresses "low" and "high" for a
1103 * run of contiguous physical pages that satisfy the specified conditions, and
1104 * return the lowest page in the run. The specified "alignment" determines
1105 * the alignment of the lowest physical page in the run. If the specified
1106 * "boundary" is non-zero, then the run of physical pages cannot span a
1107 * physical address that is a multiple of "boundary".
1109 * "npages" must be greater than zero. Both "alignment" and "boundary" must
1110 * be a power of two.
1113 vm_phys_scan_contig(int domain, u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high,
1114 u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary, int options)
1117 vm_page_t m_end, m_run, m_start;
1118 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
1121 KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is 0"));
1122 KASSERT(powerof2(alignment), ("alignment is not a power of 2"));
1123 KASSERT(powerof2(boundary), ("boundary is not a power of 2"));
1126 for (segind = 0; segind < vm_phys_nsegs; segind++) {
1127 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
1128 if (seg->domain != domain)
1130 if (seg->start >= high)
1132 if (low >= seg->end)
1134 if (low <= seg->start)
1135 m_start = seg->first_page;
1137 m_start = &seg->first_page[atop(low - seg->start)];
1138 if (high < seg->end)
1142 if (pa_end - VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m_start) < ptoa(npages))
1144 m_end = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_end - seg->start)];
1145 m_run = vm_page_scan_contig(npages, m_start, m_end,
1146 alignment, boundary, options);
1154 * Set the pool for a contiguous, power of two-sized set of physical pages.
1157 vm_phys_set_pool(int pool, vm_page_t m, int order)
1161 for (m_tmp = m; m_tmp < &m[1 << order]; m_tmp++)
1166 * Search for the given physical page "m" in the free lists. If the search
1167 * succeeds, remove "m" from the free lists and return TRUE. Otherwise, return
1168 * FALSE, indicating that "m" is not in the free lists.
1170 * The free page queues must be locked.
1173 vm_phys_unfree_page(vm_page_t m)
1175 struct vm_freelist *fl;
1176 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
1177 vm_paddr_t pa, pa_half;
1178 vm_page_t m_set, m_tmp;
1182 * First, find the contiguous, power of two-sized set of free
1183 * physical pages containing the given physical page "m" and
1184 * assign it to "m_set".
1186 seg = &vm_phys_segs[m->segind];
1187 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
1188 for (m_set = m, order = 0; m_set->order == VM_NFREEORDER &&
1189 order < VM_NFREEORDER - 1; ) {
1191 pa = m->phys_addr & (~(vm_paddr_t)0 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
1192 if (pa >= seg->start)
1193 m_set = &seg->first_page[atop(pa - seg->start)];
1197 if (m_set->order < order)
1199 if (m_set->order == VM_NFREEORDER)
1201 KASSERT(m_set->order < VM_NFREEORDER,
1202 ("vm_phys_unfree_page: page %p has unexpected order %d",
1203 m_set, m_set->order));
1206 * Next, remove "m_set" from the free lists. Finally, extract
1207 * "m" from "m_set" using an iterative algorithm: While "m_set"
1208 * is larger than a page, shrink "m_set" by returning the half
1209 * of "m_set" that does not contain "m" to the free lists.
1211 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m_set->pool];
1212 order = m_set->order;
1213 vm_freelist_rem(fl, m_set, order);
1216 pa_half = m_set->phys_addr ^ (1 << (PAGE_SHIFT + order));
1217 if (m->phys_addr < pa_half)
1218 m_tmp = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_half - seg->start)];
1221 m_set = &seg->first_page[atop(pa_half - seg->start)];
1223 vm_freelist_add(fl, m_tmp, order, 0);
1225 KASSERT(m_set == m, ("vm_phys_unfree_page: fatal inconsistency"));
1230 * Allocate a contiguous set of physical pages of the given size
1231 * "npages" from the free lists. All of the physical pages must be at
1232 * or above the given physical address "low" and below the given
1233 * physical address "high". The given value "alignment" determines the
1234 * alignment of the first physical page in the set. If the given value
1235 * "boundary" is non-zero, then the set of physical pages cannot cross
1236 * any physical address boundary that is a multiple of that value. Both
1237 * "alignment" and "boundary" must be a power of two.
1240 vm_phys_alloc_contig(int domain, u_long npages, vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high,
1241 u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary)
1243 vm_paddr_t pa_end, pa_start;
1245 struct vm_phys_seg *seg;
1248 KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is 0"));
1249 KASSERT(powerof2(alignment), ("alignment is not a power of 2"));
1250 KASSERT(powerof2(boundary), ("boundary is not a power of 2"));
1251 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(domain));
1255 for (segind = vm_phys_nsegs - 1; segind >= 0; segind--) {
1256 seg = &vm_phys_segs[segind];
1257 if (seg->start >= high || seg->domain != domain)
1259 if (low >= seg->end)
1261 if (low <= seg->start)
1262 pa_start = seg->start;
1265 if (high < seg->end)
1269 if (pa_end - pa_start < ptoa(npages))
1271 m_run = vm_phys_alloc_seg_contig(seg, npages, low, high,
1272 alignment, boundary);
1280 * Allocate a run of contiguous physical pages from the free list for the
1281 * specified segment.
1284 vm_phys_alloc_seg_contig(struct vm_phys_seg *seg, u_long npages,
1285 vm_paddr_t low, vm_paddr_t high, u_long alignment, vm_paddr_t boundary)
1287 struct vm_freelist *fl;
1288 vm_paddr_t pa, pa_end, size;
1291 int oind, order, pind;
1293 KASSERT(npages > 0, ("npages is 0"));
1294 KASSERT(powerof2(alignment), ("alignment is not a power of 2"));
1295 KASSERT(powerof2(boundary), ("boundary is not a power of 2"));
1296 vm_domain_free_assert_locked(VM_DOMAIN(seg->domain));
1297 /* Compute the queue that is the best fit for npages. */
1298 order = flsl(npages - 1);
1299 /* Search for a run satisfying the specified conditions. */
1300 size = npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
1301 for (oind = min(order, VM_NFREEORDER - 1); oind < VM_NFREEORDER;
1303 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
1304 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[pind];
1305 TAILQ_FOREACH(m_ret, &fl[oind].pl, listq) {
1307 * Is the size of this allocation request
1308 * larger than the largest block size?
1310 if (order >= VM_NFREEORDER) {
1312 * Determine if a sufficient number of
1313 * subsequent blocks to satisfy the
1314 * allocation request are free.
1316 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m_ret);
1321 pa += 1 << (PAGE_SHIFT +
1327 m = &seg->first_page[atop(pa -
1329 if (m->order != VM_NFREEORDER -
1333 /* If not, go to the next block. */
1339 * Determine if the blocks are within the
1340 * given range, satisfy the given alignment,
1341 * and do not cross the given boundary.
1343 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m_ret);
1345 if (pa >= low && pa_end <= high &&
1346 (pa & (alignment - 1)) == 0 &&
1347 rounddown2(pa ^ (pa_end - 1), boundary) == 0)
1354 for (m = m_ret; m < &m_ret[npages]; m = &m[1 << oind]) {
1355 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[m->pool];
1356 vm_freelist_rem(fl, m, oind);
1357 if (m->pool != VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT)
1358 vm_phys_set_pool(VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT, m, oind);
1360 /* Return excess pages to the free lists. */
1361 npages_end = roundup2(npages, 1 << oind);
1362 if (npages < npages_end) {
1363 fl = (*seg->free_queues)[VM_FREEPOOL_DEFAULT];
1364 vm_phys_enq_range(&m_ret[npages], npages_end - npages, fl, 0);
1371 * Show the number of physical pages in each of the free lists.
1373 DB_SHOW_COMMAND(freepages, db_show_freepages)
1375 struct vm_freelist *fl;
1376 int flind, oind, pind, dom;
1378 for (dom = 0; dom < vm_ndomains; dom++) {
1379 db_printf("DOMAIN: %d\n", dom);
1380 for (flind = 0; flind < vm_nfreelists; flind++) {
1381 db_printf("FREE LIST %d:\n"
1382 "\n ORDER (SIZE) | NUMBER"
1384 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
1385 db_printf(" | POOL %d", pind);
1387 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++)
1388 db_printf("-- -- ");
1390 for (oind = VM_NFREEORDER - 1; oind >= 0; oind--) {
1391 db_printf(" %2.2d (%6.6dK)", oind,
1392 1 << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10 + oind));
1393 for (pind = 0; pind < VM_NFREEPOOL; pind++) {
1394 fl = vm_phys_free_queues[dom][flind][pind];
1395 db_printf(" | %6.6d", fl[oind].lcnt);