2 * Copyright (C) 2011-2014 Matteo Landi, Luigi Rizzo. All rights reserved.
3 * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Universita` di Pisa. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * $Id: pkt-gen.c 12346 2013-06-12 17:36:25Z luigi $
31 * Example program to show how to build a multithreaded packet
32 * source/sink using the netmap device.
34 * In this example we create a programmable number of threads
35 * to take care of all the queues of the interface used to
36 * send or receive traffic.
40 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for CPU_SET() */
41 #include <arpa/inet.h> /* ntohs */
43 #include <ctype.h> // isprint()
46 #include <ifaddrs.h> /* getifaddrs */
47 #include <libnetmap.h>
49 #include <net/ethernet.h>
50 #include <netinet/in.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip.h>
52 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
53 #include <netinet/udp.h>
55 #include <pcap/pcap.h>
62 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
65 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(linux)
66 #include <sys/sysctl.h> /* sysctl */
68 #include <sys/types.h>
69 #include <unistd.h> // sysconf()
71 #define IPV6_VERSION 0x60
72 #define IPV6_DEFHLIM 64
77 static void usage(int);
80 #define cpuset_t DWORD_PTR //uint64_t
81 static inline void CPU_ZERO(cpuset_t *p)
86 static inline void CPU_SET(uint32_t i, cpuset_t *p)
91 #define pthread_setaffinity_np(a, b, c) !SetThreadAffinityMask(a, *c) //((void)a, 0)
92 #define TAP_CLONEDEV "/dev/tap"
93 #define AF_LINK 18 //defined in winsocks.h
94 #define CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE CLOCK_REALTIME
95 #include <net/if_dl.h>
98 * Convert an ASCII representation of an ethernet address to
102 ether_aton(const char *a)
105 static struct ether_addr o;
106 unsigned int o0, o1, o2, o3, o4, o5;
108 i = sscanf(a, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", &o0, &o1, &o2, &o3, &o4, &o5);
120 return ((struct ether_addr *)&o);
124 * Convert a binary representation of an ethernet address to
128 ether_ntoa(const struct ether_addr *n)
133 i = sprintf(a, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
134 n->octet[0], n->octet[1], n->octet[2],
135 n->octet[3], n->octet[4], n->octet[5]);
136 return (i < 17 ? NULL : (char *)&a);
142 #define cpuset_t cpu_set_t
144 #define ifr_flagshigh ifr_flags /* only the low 16 bits here */
145 #define IFF_PPROMISC IFF_PROMISC /* IFF_PPROMISC does not exist */
146 #include <linux/ethtool.h>
147 #include <linux/sockios.h>
149 #define CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE CLOCK_REALTIME
150 #include <netinet/ether.h> /* ether_aton */
151 #include <linux/if_packet.h> /* sockaddr_ll */
155 #include <sys/endian.h> /* le64toh */
156 #include <machine/param.h>
158 #include <pthread_np.h> /* pthread w/ affinity */
159 #include <sys/cpuset.h> /* cpu_set */
160 #include <net/if_dl.h> /* LLADDR */
161 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
165 #define cpuset_t uint64_t // XXX
166 static inline void CPU_ZERO(cpuset_t *p)
171 static inline void CPU_SET(uint32_t i, cpuset_t *p)
173 *p |= 1<< (i & 0x3f);
176 #define pthread_setaffinity_np(a, b, c) ((void)a, 0)
178 #define ifr_flagshigh ifr_flags // XXX
179 #define IFF_PPROMISC IFF_PROMISC
180 #include <net/if_dl.h> /* LLADDR */
181 #define clock_gettime(a,b) \
182 do {struct timespec t0 = {0,0}; *(b) = t0; } while (0)
183 #endif /* __APPLE__ */
185 static const char *default_payload = "netmap pkt-gen DIRECT payload\n"
186 "http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/ ";
188 static const char *indirect_payload = "netmap pkt-gen indirect payload\n"
189 "http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/ ";
191 static int verbose = 0;
192 static int normalize = 1;
194 #define VIRT_HDR_1 10 /* length of a base vnet-hdr */
195 #define VIRT_HDR_2 12 /* length of the extenede vnet-hdr */
196 #define VIRT_HDR_MAX VIRT_HDR_2
198 uint8_t fields[VIRT_HDR_MAX];
201 #define MAX_BODYSIZE 65536
204 struct virt_header vh;
205 struct ether_header eh;
210 uint8_t body[MAX_BODYSIZE]; /* hardwired */
215 uint8_t body[MAX_BODYSIZE]; /* hardwired */
218 } __attribute__((__packed__));
220 #define PKT(p, f, af) \
221 ((af) == AF_INET ? (p)->ipv4.f: (p)->ipv6.f)
227 uint32_t start, end; /* same as struct in_addr */
230 struct in6_addr start, end;
231 uint8_t sgroup, egroup;
234 uint16_t port0, port1;
239 struct ether_addr start, end;
242 /* ifname can be netmap:foo-xxxx */
243 #define MAX_IFNAMELEN 512 /* our buffer for ifname */
244 //#define MAX_PKTSIZE 1536
245 #define MAX_PKTSIZE MAX_BODYSIZE /* XXX: + IP_HDR + ETH_HDR */
247 /* compact timestamp to fit into 60 byte packet. (enough to obtain RTT) */
254 * global arguments for all threads
258 int af; /* address family AF_INET/AF_INET6 */
259 struct ip_range src_ip;
260 struct ip_range dst_ip;
261 struct mac_range dst_mac;
262 struct mac_range src_mac;
267 uint64_t npackets; /* total packets to send */
268 int frags; /* fragments per packet */
269 u_int frag_size; /* size of each fragment */
271 int cpus; /* cpus used for running */
272 int system_cpus; /* cpus on the system */
274 int options; /* testing */
275 #define OPT_PREFETCH 1
279 #define OPT_TS 16 /* add a timestamp */
280 #define OPT_INDIRECT 32 /* use indirect buffers, tx only */
281 #define OPT_DUMP 64 /* dump rx/tx traffic */
282 #define OPT_RUBBISH 256 /* send whatever the buffers contain */
283 #define OPT_RANDOM_SRC 512
284 #define OPT_RANDOM_DST 1024
285 #define OPT_PPS_STATS 2048
292 struct timespec tx_period;
296 struct nmport_d *nmd;
298 int report_interval; /* milliseconds between prints */
299 void *(*td_body)(void *);
302 char ifname[MAX_IFNAMELEN];
303 const char *nmr_config;
305 int virt_header; /* send also the virt_header */
306 char *packet_file; /* -P option */
309 int64_t win[STATS_WIN];
311 int framing; /* #bits of framing (for bw output) */
313 enum dev_type { DEV_NONE, DEV_NETMAP, DEV_PCAP, DEV_TAP };
322 * Arguments for a new thread. The same structure is used by
323 * the source and the sink
331 struct nmport_d *nmd;
332 /* these ought to be volatile, but they are
333 * only sampled and errors should not accumulate
337 struct timespec tic, toc;
349 static __inline uint16_t
350 cksum_add(uint16_t sum, uint16_t a)
355 return (res + (res < a));
359 extract_ipv4_addr(char *name, uint32_t *addr, uint16_t *port)
364 pp = strchr(name, ':');
365 if (pp != NULL) { /* do we have ports ? */
367 *port = (uint16_t)strtol(pp, NULL, 0);
370 inet_pton(AF_INET, name, &a);
371 *addr = ntohl(a.s_addr);
375 extract_ipv6_addr(char *name, struct in6_addr *addr, uint16_t *port,
381 * We accept IPv6 address in the following form:
382 * group@[2001:DB8::1001]:port (w/ brackets and port)
383 * group@[2001:DB8::1] (w/ brackets and w/o port)
384 * group@2001:DB8::1234 (w/o brackets and w/o port)
386 pp = strchr(name, '@');
389 *group = (uint8_t)strtol(name, NULL, 0);
396 pp = strchr(name, ']');
399 if (pp != NULL && *pp != ':')
401 if (pp != NULL) { /* do we have ports ? */
403 *port = (uint16_t)strtol(pp, NULL, 0);
405 inet_pton(AF_INET6, name, addr);
408 * extract the extremes from a range of ipv4 addresses.
409 * addr_lo[-addr_hi][:port_lo[-port_hi]]
412 extract_ip_range(struct ip_range *r, int af)
414 char *name, *ap, start[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
415 char end[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
420 D("extract IP range from %s", r->name);
422 name = strdup(r->name);
427 /* the first - splits start/end of range */
428 ap = strchr(name, '-');
431 r->port0 = 1234; /* default port */
432 if (af == AF_INET6) {
433 r->ipv6.sgroup = 7; /* default group */
434 extract_ipv6_addr(name, &r->ipv6.start, &r->port0,
437 extract_ipv4_addr(name, &r->ipv4.start, &r->port0);
440 if (af == AF_INET6) {
442 r->ipv6.egroup = r->ipv6.sgroup;
443 extract_ipv6_addr(ap, &r->ipv6.end, &r->port1,
446 r->ipv6.end = r->ipv6.start;
447 r->ipv6.egroup = r->ipv6.sgroup;
451 extract_ipv4_addr(ap, &r->ipv4.end, &r->port1);
452 if (r->ipv4.start > r->ipv4.end) {
454 r->ipv4.end = r->ipv4.start;
458 r->ipv4.end = r->ipv4.start;
461 if (r->port0 > r->port1) {
467 a.s_addr = htonl(r->ipv4.start);
468 inet_ntop(af, &a, start, sizeof(start));
469 a.s_addr = htonl(r->ipv4.end);
470 inet_ntop(af, &a, end, sizeof(end));
472 inet_ntop(af, &r->ipv6.start, start, sizeof(start));
473 inet_ntop(af, &r->ipv6.end, end, sizeof(end));
476 D("range is %s:%d to %s:%d", start, r->port0, end, r->port1);
478 D("range is %d@[%s]:%d to %d@[%s]:%d", r->ipv6.sgroup,
479 start, r->port0, r->ipv6.egroup, end, r->port1);
482 if (r->port0 != r->port1 ||
483 (af == AF_INET && r->ipv4.start != r->ipv4.end) ||
485 !IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&r->ipv6.start, &r->ipv6.end)))
491 extract_mac_range(struct mac_range *r)
493 struct ether_addr *e;
495 D("extract MAC range from %s", r->name);
497 e = ether_aton(r->name);
499 D("invalid MAC address '%s'", r->name);
502 bcopy(e, &r->start, 6);
503 bcopy(e, &r->end, 6);
505 bcopy(targ->src_mac, eh->ether_shost, 6);
506 p = index(targ->g->src_mac, '-');
508 targ->src_mac_range = atoi(p+1);
510 bcopy(ether_aton(targ->g->dst_mac), targ->dst_mac, 6);
511 bcopy(targ->dst_mac, eh->ether_dhost, 6);
512 p = index(targ->g->dst_mac, '-');
514 targ->dst_mac_range = atoi(p+1);
517 D("%s starts at %s", r->name, ether_ntoa(&r->start));
522 get_if_mtu(const struct glob_arg *g)
526 const char *ifname = g->nmd->hdr.nr_name;
529 if (!strncmp(g->ifname, "netmap:", 7) && !strchr(ifname, '{')
530 && !strchr(ifname, '}')) {
532 len = strlen(ifname);
534 if (len > IFNAMSIZ) {
535 D("'%s' too long, cannot ask for MTU", ifname);
539 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
541 D("socket() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
545 memset(&ifreq, 0, sizeof(ifreq));
546 memcpy(ifreq.ifr_name, ifname, len);
548 ret = ioctl(s, SIOCGIFMTU, &ifreq);
550 D("ioctl(SIOCGIFMTU) failed: %s", strerror(errno));
555 return ifreq.ifr_mtu;
558 /* This is a pipe or a VALE port, where the MTU is very large,
559 * so we use some practical limit. */
563 static struct targ *targs;
564 static int global_nthreads;
566 /* control-C handler */
572 (void)sig; /* UNUSED */
573 D("received control-C on thread %p", (void *)pthread_self());
574 for (i = 0; i < global_nthreads; i++) {
579 /* sysctl wrapper to return the number of active CPUs */
584 #if defined (__FreeBSD__)
585 int mib[2] = { CTL_HW, HW_NCPU };
586 size_t len = sizeof(mib);
587 sysctl(mib, 2, &ncpus, &len, NULL, 0);
589 ncpus = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
590 #elif defined(_WIN32)
593 GetSystemInfo(&sysinfo);
594 ncpus = sysinfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
603 #define sockaddr_dl sockaddr_ll
604 #define sdl_family sll_family
605 #define AF_LINK AF_PACKET
606 #define LLADDR(s) s->sll_addr;
607 #include <linux/if_tun.h>
608 #define TAP_CLONEDEV "/dev/net/tun"
609 #endif /* __linux__ */
612 #include <net/if_tun.h>
613 #define TAP_CLONEDEV "/dev/tap"
614 #endif /* __FreeBSD */
617 // #warning TAP not supported on apple ?
618 #include <net/if_utun.h>
619 #define TAP_CLONEDEV "/dev/tap"
620 #endif /* __APPLE__ */
624 * parse the vale configuration in conf and put it in nmr.
625 * Return the flag set if necessary.
626 * The configuration may consist of 1 to 4 numbers separated
627 * by commas: #tx-slots,#rx-slots,#tx-rings,#rx-rings.
628 * Missing numbers or zeroes stand for default values.
629 * As an additional convenience, if exactly one number
630 * is specified, then this is assigned to both #tx-slots and #rx-slots.
631 * If there is no 4th number, then the 3rd is assigned to both #tx-rings
635 parse_nmr_config(const char* conf, struct nmreq_register *nmr)
640 if (conf == NULL || ! *conf)
642 nmr->nr_tx_rings = nmr->nr_rx_rings = 0;
643 nmr->nr_tx_slots = nmr->nr_rx_slots = 0;
645 for (i = 0, tok = strtok(w, ","); tok; i++, tok = strtok(NULL, ",")) {
649 nmr->nr_tx_slots = nmr->nr_rx_slots = v;
652 nmr->nr_rx_slots = v;
655 nmr->nr_tx_rings = nmr->nr_rx_rings = v;
658 nmr->nr_rx_rings = v;
661 D("ignored config: %s", tok);
665 D("txr %d txd %d rxr %d rxd %d",
666 nmr->nr_tx_rings, nmr->nr_tx_slots,
667 nmr->nr_rx_rings, nmr->nr_rx_slots);
674 * locate the src mac address for our interface, put it
675 * into the user-supplied buffer. return 0 if ok, -1 on error.
678 source_hwaddr(const char *ifname, char *buf)
680 struct ifaddrs *ifaphead, *ifap;
682 if (getifaddrs(&ifaphead) != 0) {
683 D("getifaddrs %s failed", ifname);
687 /* remove 'netmap:' prefix before comparing interfaces */
688 if (!strncmp(ifname, "netmap:", 7))
691 for (ifap = ifaphead; ifap; ifap = ifap->ifa_next) {
692 struct sockaddr_dl *sdl =
693 (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifap->ifa_addr;
696 if (!sdl || sdl->sdl_family != AF_LINK)
698 if (strncmp(ifap->ifa_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ) != 0)
700 mac = (uint8_t *)LLADDR(sdl);
701 sprintf(buf, "%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
702 mac[0], mac[1], mac[2],
703 mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
705 D("source hwaddr %s", buf);
708 freeifaddrs(ifaphead);
713 /* set the thread affinity. */
715 setaffinity(pthread_t me, int i)
722 /* Set thread affinity affinity.*/
724 CPU_SET(i, &cpumask);
726 if (pthread_setaffinity_np(me, sizeof(cpuset_t), &cpumask) != 0) {
727 D("Unable to set affinity: %s", strerror(errno));
734 /* Compute the checksum of the given ip header. */
736 checksum(const void *data, uint16_t len, uint32_t sum)
738 const uint8_t *addr = data;
741 /* Checksum all the pairs of bytes first... */
742 for (i = 0; i < (len & ~1U); i += 2) {
743 sum += (uint16_t)ntohs(*((const uint16_t *)(addr + i)));
748 * If there's a single byte left over, checksum it, too.
749 * Network byte order is big-endian, so the remaining byte is
761 wrapsum(uint32_t sum)
767 /* Check the payload of the packet for errors (use it for debug).
768 * Look for consecutive ascii representations of the size of the packet.
771 dump_payload(const char *_p, int len, struct netmap_ring *ring, int cur)
775 const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)_p;
777 /* get the length in ASCII of the length of the packet. */
779 printf("ring %p cur %5d [buf %6d flags 0x%04x len %5d]\n",
780 ring, cur, ring->slot[cur].buf_idx,
781 ring->slot[cur].flags, len);
782 /* hexdump routine */
783 for (i = 0; i < len; ) {
784 memset(buf, ' ', sizeof(buf));
785 sprintf(buf, "%5d: ", i);
787 for (j=0; j < 16 && i < len; i++, j++)
788 sprintf(buf+7+j*3, "%02x ", (uint8_t)(p[i]));
790 for (j=0; j < 16 && i < len; i++, j++)
791 sprintf(buf+7+j + 48, "%c",
792 isprint(p[i]) ? p[i] : '.');
798 * Fill a packet with some payload.
799 * We create a UDP packet so the payload starts at
800 * 14+20+8 = 42 bytes.
803 #define uh_sport source
804 #define uh_dport dest
810 new_ip_sum(uint16_t ip_sum, uint32_t oaddr, uint32_t naddr)
812 ip_sum = cksum_add(ip_sum, ~oaddr >> 16);
813 ip_sum = cksum_add(ip_sum, ~oaddr & 0xffff);
814 ip_sum = cksum_add(ip_sum, naddr >> 16);
815 ip_sum = cksum_add(ip_sum, naddr & 0xffff);
820 new_udp_sum(uint16_t udp_sum, uint16_t oport, uint16_t nport)
822 udp_sum = cksum_add(udp_sum, ~oport);
823 udp_sum = cksum_add(udp_sum, nport);
829 update_ip(struct pkt *pkt, struct targ *t)
831 struct glob_arg *g = t->g;
834 uint32_t oaddr, naddr;
835 uint16_t oport, nport;
836 uint16_t ip_sum = 0, udp_sum = 0;
838 memcpy(&ip, &pkt->ipv4.ip, sizeof(ip));
839 memcpy(&udp, &pkt->ipv4.udp, sizeof(udp));
841 ip_sum = udp_sum = 0;
842 naddr = oaddr = ntohl(ip.ip_src.s_addr);
843 nport = oport = ntohs(udp.uh_sport);
844 if (g->options & OPT_RANDOM_SRC) {
845 ip.ip_src.s_addr = nrand48(t->seed);
846 udp.uh_sport = nrand48(t->seed);
847 naddr = ntohl(ip.ip_src.s_addr);
848 nport = ntohs(udp.uh_sport);
849 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
850 udp_sum = new_udp_sum(udp_sum, oport, nport);
852 if (oport < g->src_ip.port1) {
854 udp.uh_sport = htons(nport);
855 udp_sum = new_udp_sum(udp_sum, oport, nport);
858 nport = g->src_ip.port0;
859 udp.uh_sport = htons(nport);
860 if (oaddr < g->src_ip.ipv4.end) {
862 ip.ip_src.s_addr = htonl(naddr);
863 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
866 naddr = g->src_ip.ipv4.start;
867 ip.ip_src.s_addr = htonl(naddr);
868 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
871 naddr = oaddr = ntohl(ip.ip_dst.s_addr);
872 nport = oport = ntohs(udp.uh_dport);
873 if (g->options & OPT_RANDOM_DST) {
874 ip.ip_dst.s_addr = nrand48(t->seed);
875 udp.uh_dport = nrand48(t->seed);
876 naddr = ntohl(ip.ip_dst.s_addr);
877 nport = ntohs(udp.uh_dport);
878 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
879 udp_sum = new_udp_sum(udp_sum, oport, nport);
881 if (oport < g->dst_ip.port1) {
883 udp.uh_dport = htons(nport);
884 udp_sum = new_udp_sum(udp_sum, oport, nport);
887 nport = g->dst_ip.port0;
888 udp.uh_dport = htons(nport);
889 if (oaddr < g->dst_ip.ipv4.end) {
891 ip.ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(naddr);
892 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
895 naddr = g->dst_ip.ipv4.start;
896 ip.ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(naddr);
897 ip_sum = new_ip_sum(ip_sum, oaddr, naddr);
900 /* update checksums */
902 udp.uh_sum = ~cksum_add(~udp.uh_sum, htons(udp_sum));
904 ip.ip_sum = ~cksum_add(~ip.ip_sum, htons(ip_sum));
905 udp.uh_sum = ~cksum_add(~udp.uh_sum, htons(ip_sum));
907 memcpy(&pkt->ipv4.ip, &ip, sizeof(ip));
908 memcpy(&pkt->ipv4.udp, &udp, sizeof(udp));
912 #define s6_addr16 __u6_addr.__u6_addr16
915 update_ip6(struct pkt *pkt, struct targ *t)
917 struct glob_arg *g = t->g;
921 uint16_t oaddr, naddr;
922 uint16_t oport, nport;
925 memcpy(&ip6, &pkt->ipv6.ip, sizeof(ip6));
926 memcpy(&udp, &pkt->ipv6.udp, sizeof(udp));
929 group = g->src_ip.ipv6.sgroup;
930 naddr = oaddr = ntohs(ip6.ip6_src.s6_addr16[group]);
931 nport = oport = ntohs(udp.uh_sport);
932 if (g->options & OPT_RANDOM_SRC) {
933 ip6.ip6_src.s6_addr16[group] = nrand48(t->seed);
934 udp.uh_sport = nrand48(t->seed);
935 naddr = ntohs(ip6.ip6_src.s6_addr16[group]);
936 nport = ntohs(udp.uh_sport);
939 if (oport < g->src_ip.port1) {
941 udp.uh_sport = htons(nport);
944 nport = g->src_ip.port0;
945 udp.uh_sport = htons(nport);
946 if (oaddr < ntohs(g->src_ip.ipv6.end.s6_addr16[group])) {
948 ip6.ip6_src.s6_addr16[group] = htons(naddr);
951 naddr = ntohs(g->src_ip.ipv6.start.s6_addr16[group]);
952 ip6.ip6_src.s6_addr16[group] = htons(naddr);
954 /* update checksums if needed */
956 udp_sum = cksum_add(~oaddr, naddr);
958 udp_sum = cksum_add(udp_sum,
959 cksum_add(~oport, nport));
961 group = g->dst_ip.ipv6.egroup;
962 naddr = oaddr = ntohs(ip6.ip6_dst.s6_addr16[group]);
963 nport = oport = ntohs(udp.uh_dport);
964 if (g->options & OPT_RANDOM_DST) {
965 ip6.ip6_dst.s6_addr16[group] = nrand48(t->seed);
966 udp.uh_dport = nrand48(t->seed);
967 naddr = ntohs(ip6.ip6_dst.s6_addr16[group]);
968 nport = ntohs(udp.uh_dport);
971 if (oport < g->dst_ip.port1) {
973 udp.uh_dport = htons(nport);
976 nport = g->dst_ip.port0;
977 udp.uh_dport = htons(nport);
978 if (oaddr < ntohs(g->dst_ip.ipv6.end.s6_addr16[group])) {
980 ip6.ip6_dst.s6_addr16[group] = htons(naddr);
983 naddr = ntohs(g->dst_ip.ipv6.start.s6_addr16[group]);
984 ip6.ip6_dst.s6_addr16[group] = htons(naddr);
986 /* update checksums */
988 udp_sum = cksum_add(udp_sum,
989 cksum_add(~oaddr, naddr));
991 udp_sum = cksum_add(udp_sum,
992 cksum_add(~oport, nport));
994 udp.uh_sum = ~cksum_add(~udp.uh_sum, udp_sum);
995 memcpy(&pkt->ipv6.ip, &ip6, sizeof(ip6));
996 memcpy(&pkt->ipv6.udp, &udp, sizeof(udp));
1000 update_addresses(struct pkt *pkt, struct targ *t)
1003 if (t->g->af == AF_INET)
1009 * initialize one packet and prepare for the next one.
1010 * The copy could be done better instead of repeating it each time.
1013 initialize_packet(struct targ *targ)
1015 struct pkt *pkt = &targ->pkt;
1016 struct ether_header *eh;
1023 const char *payload = targ->g->options & OPT_INDIRECT ?
1024 indirect_payload : default_payload;
1025 int i, l0 = strlen(payload);
1028 char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1030 struct pcap_pkthdr *header;
1031 const unsigned char *packet;
1033 /* Read a packet from a PCAP file if asked. */
1034 if (targ->g->packet_file != NULL) {
1035 if ((file = pcap_open_offline(targ->g->packet_file,
1037 D("failed to open pcap file %s",
1038 targ->g->packet_file);
1039 if (pcap_next_ex(file, &header, &packet) < 0)
1040 D("failed to read packet from %s",
1041 targ->g->packet_file);
1042 if ((targ->frame = malloc(header->caplen)) == NULL)
1044 bcopy(packet, (unsigned char *)targ->frame, header->caplen);
1045 targ->g->pkt_size = header->caplen;
1051 paylen = targ->g->pkt_size - sizeof(*eh) -
1052 (targ->g->af == AF_INET ? sizeof(ip): sizeof(ip6));
1054 /* create a nice NUL-terminated string */
1055 for (i = 0; i < paylen; i += l0) {
1056 if (l0 > paylen - i)
1057 l0 = paylen - i; // last round
1058 bcopy(payload, PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af) + i, l0);
1060 PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af)[i - 1] = '\0';
1062 /* prepare the headers */
1064 bcopy(&targ->g->src_mac.start, eh->ether_shost, 6);
1065 bcopy(&targ->g->dst_mac.start, eh->ether_dhost, 6);
1067 if (targ->g->af == AF_INET) {
1068 eh->ether_type = htons(ETHERTYPE_IP);
1069 memcpy(&ip, &pkt->ipv4.ip, sizeof(ip));
1070 udp_ptr = &pkt->ipv4.udp;
1071 ip.ip_v = IPVERSION;
1072 ip.ip_hl = sizeof(ip) >> 2;
1074 ip.ip_tos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY;
1075 ip.ip_len = htons(targ->g->pkt_size - sizeof(*eh));
1077 ip.ip_off = htons(IP_DF); /* Don't fragment */
1078 ip.ip_ttl = IPDEFTTL;
1079 ip.ip_p = IPPROTO_UDP;
1080 ip.ip_dst.s_addr = htonl(targ->g->dst_ip.ipv4.start);
1081 ip.ip_src.s_addr = htonl(targ->g->src_ip.ipv4.start);
1082 ip.ip_sum = wrapsum(checksum(&ip, sizeof(ip), 0));
1083 memcpy(&pkt->ipv4.ip, &ip, sizeof(ip));
1085 eh->ether_type = htons(ETHERTYPE_IPV6);
1086 memcpy(&ip6, &pkt->ipv4.ip, sizeof(ip6));
1087 udp_ptr = &pkt->ipv6.udp;
1089 ip6.ip6_plen = htons(paylen);
1090 ip6.ip6_vfc = IPV6_VERSION;
1091 ip6.ip6_nxt = IPPROTO_UDP;
1092 ip6.ip6_hlim = IPV6_DEFHLIM;
1093 ip6.ip6_src = targ->g->src_ip.ipv6.start;
1094 ip6.ip6_dst = targ->g->dst_ip.ipv6.start;
1096 memcpy(&udp, udp_ptr, sizeof(udp));
1098 udp.uh_sport = htons(targ->g->src_ip.port0);
1099 udp.uh_dport = htons(targ->g->dst_ip.port0);
1100 udp.uh_ulen = htons(paylen);
1101 if (targ->g->af == AF_INET) {
1102 /* Magic: taken from sbin/dhclient/packet.c */
1103 udp.uh_sum = wrapsum(
1104 checksum(&udp, sizeof(udp), /* udp header */
1105 checksum(pkt->ipv4.body, /* udp payload */
1106 paylen - sizeof(udp),
1107 checksum(&pkt->ipv4.ip.ip_src, /* pseudo header */
1108 2 * sizeof(pkt->ipv4.ip.ip_src),
1109 IPPROTO_UDP + (u_int32_t)ntohs(udp.uh_ulen)))));
1110 memcpy(&pkt->ipv4.ip, &ip, sizeof(ip));
1112 /* Save part of pseudo header checksum into csum */
1113 csum = IPPROTO_UDP << 24;
1114 csum = checksum(&csum, sizeof(csum), paylen);
1115 udp.uh_sum = wrapsum(
1116 checksum(udp_ptr, sizeof(udp), /* udp header */
1117 checksum(pkt->ipv6.body, /* udp payload */
1118 paylen - sizeof(udp),
1119 checksum(&pkt->ipv6.ip.ip6_src, /* pseudo header */
1120 2 * sizeof(pkt->ipv6.ip.ip6_src), csum))));
1121 memcpy(&pkt->ipv6.ip, &ip6, sizeof(ip6));
1123 memcpy(udp_ptr, &udp, sizeof(udp));
1125 bzero(&pkt->vh, sizeof(pkt->vh));
1126 // dump_payload((void *)pkt, targ->g->pkt_size, NULL, 0);
1130 get_vnet_hdr_len(struct glob_arg *g)
1132 struct nmreq_header hdr;
1133 struct nmreq_port_hdr ph;
1136 hdr = g->nmd->hdr; /* copy name and version */
1137 hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_GET;
1139 memset(&ph, 0, sizeof(ph));
1140 hdr.nr_body = (uintptr_t)&ph;
1141 err = ioctl(g->main_fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
1143 D("Unable to get virtio-net header length");
1147 g->virt_header = ph.nr_hdr_len;
1148 if (g->virt_header) {
1149 D("Port requires virtio-net header, length = %d",
1155 set_vnet_hdr_len(struct glob_arg *g)
1157 int err, l = g->virt_header;
1158 struct nmreq_header hdr;
1159 struct nmreq_port_hdr ph;
1164 hdr = g->nmd->hdr; /* copy name and version */
1165 hdr.nr_reqtype = NETMAP_REQ_PORT_HDR_SET;
1167 memset(&ph, 0, sizeof(ph));
1168 hdr.nr_body = (uintptr_t)&ph;
1169 err = ioctl(g->main_fd, NIOCCTRL, &hdr);
1171 D("Unable to set virtio-net header length %d", l);
1176 * create and enqueue a batch of packets on a ring.
1177 * On the last one set NS_REPORT to tell the driver to generate
1178 * an interrupt when done.
1181 send_packets(struct netmap_ring *ring, struct pkt *pkt, void *frame,
1182 int size, struct targ *t, u_int count, int options)
1184 u_int n, sent, head = ring->head;
1185 u_int frags = t->frags;
1186 u_int frag_size = t->frag_size;
1187 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
1189 n = nm_ring_space(ring);
1191 if (options & (OPT_COPY | OPT_PREFETCH) ) {
1192 for (sent = 0; sent < count; sent++) {
1193 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
1194 char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1196 __builtin_prefetch(p);
1197 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
1202 for (sent = 0; sent < count && n >= frags; sent++, n--) {
1205 u_int tosend = size;
1207 slot = &ring->slot[head];
1208 p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1209 buf_changed = slot->flags & NS_BUF_CHANGED;
1212 if (options & OPT_RUBBISH) {
1214 } else if (options & OPT_INDIRECT) {
1215 slot->flags |= NS_INDIRECT;
1216 slot->ptr = (uint64_t)((uintptr_t)frame);
1217 } else if (frags > 1) {
1219 const char *f = frame;
1221 for (i = 0; i < frags - 1; i++) {
1222 memcpy(fp, f, frag_size);
1223 slot->len = frag_size;
1224 slot->flags = NS_MOREFRAG;
1225 if (options & OPT_DUMP)
1226 dump_payload(fp, frag_size, ring, head);
1227 tosend -= frag_size;
1229 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
1230 slot = &ring->slot[head];
1231 fp = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1236 memcpy(p, f, tosend);
1237 update_addresses(pkt, t);
1238 } else if ((options & (OPT_COPY | OPT_MEMCPY)) || buf_changed) {
1239 if (options & OPT_COPY)
1240 nm_pkt_copy(frame, p, size);
1242 memcpy(p, frame, size);
1243 update_addresses(pkt, t);
1244 } else if (options & OPT_PREFETCH) {
1245 __builtin_prefetch(p);
1248 if (options & OPT_DUMP)
1249 dump_payload(p, tosend, ring, head);
1250 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
1253 slot->flags |= NS_REPORT;
1254 ring->head = ring->cur = head;
1257 /* tell netmap that we need more slots */
1258 ring->cur = ring->tail;
1265 * Index of the highest bit set
1270 uint64_t m = 1ULL << 63;
1273 for (i = 63; i >= 0; i--, m >>=1)
1280 * wait until ts, either busy or sleeping if more than 1ms.
1281 * Return wakeup time.
1283 static struct timespec
1284 wait_time(struct timespec ts)
1287 struct timespec w, cur;
1288 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &cur);
1289 w = timespec_sub(ts, cur);
1292 else if (w.tv_sec > 0 || w.tv_nsec > 1000000)
1298 * Send a packet, and wait for a response.
1299 * The payload (after UDP header, ofs 42) has a 4-byte sequence
1300 * followed by a struct timeval (or bintime?)
1304 ping_body(void *data)
1306 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
1307 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLIN };
1308 struct netmap_if *nifp = targ->nmd->nifp;
1312 struct timespec ts, now, last_print;
1313 struct timespec nexttime = {0, 0}; /* silence compiler */
1314 uint64_t sent = 0, n = targ->g->npackets;
1315 uint64_t count = 0, t_cur, t_min = ~0, av = 0;
1316 uint64_t g_min = ~0, g_av = 0;
1317 uint64_t buckets[64]; /* bins for delays, ns */
1318 int rate_limit = targ->g->tx_rate, tosend = 0;
1320 frame = (char*)&targ->pkt + sizeof(targ->pkt.vh) - targ->g->virt_header;
1321 size = targ->g->pkt_size + targ->g->virt_header;
1324 if (targ->g->nthreads > 1) {
1325 D("can only ping with 1 thread");
1329 if (targ->g->af == AF_INET6) {
1330 D("Warning: ping-pong with IPv6 not supported");
1333 bzero(&buckets, sizeof(buckets));
1334 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &last_print);
1337 targ->tic = timespec_add(now, (struct timespec){2,0});
1338 targ->tic.tv_nsec = 0;
1339 wait_time(targ->tic);
1340 nexttime = targ->tic;
1342 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || sent < n)) {
1343 struct netmap_ring *ring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, targ->nmd->first_tx_ring);
1344 struct netmap_slot *slot;
1347 uint64_t limit, event = 0;
1349 if (rate_limit && tosend <= 0) {
1350 tosend = targ->g->burst;
1351 nexttime = timespec_add(nexttime, targ->g->tx_period);
1352 wait_time(nexttime);
1355 limit = rate_limit ? tosend : targ->g->burst;
1356 if (n > 0 && n - sent < limit)
1358 for (m = 0; (unsigned)m < limit; m++) {
1359 slot = &ring->slot[ring->head];
1361 p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1363 if (nm_ring_empty(ring)) {
1364 D("-- ouch, cannot send");
1368 nm_pkt_copy(frame, p, size);
1369 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &ts);
1370 bcopy(&sent, p+42, sizeof(sent));
1371 tp = (struct tstamp *)(p+46);
1372 tp->sec = (uint32_t)ts.tv_sec;
1373 tp->nsec = (uint32_t)ts.tv_nsec;
1375 ring->head = ring->cur = nm_ring_next(ring, ring->head);
1380 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1381 targ->ctr.bytes = sent*size;
1382 targ->ctr.events = event;
1386 rv = ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
1388 D("TXSYNC error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1392 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCRXSYNC, NULL);
1394 /* should use a parameter to decide how often to send */
1395 if ( (rv = poll(&pfd, 1, 3000)) <= 0) {
1396 D("poll error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1397 (rv ? strerror(errno) : "timeout"));
1400 #endif /* BUSYWAIT */
1401 /* see what we got back */
1405 for (i = targ->nmd->first_rx_ring;
1406 i <= targ->nmd->last_rx_ring; i++) {
1407 ring = NETMAP_RXRING(nifp, i);
1408 while (!nm_ring_empty(ring)) {
1413 slot = &ring->slot[ring->head];
1414 p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1416 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &now);
1417 bcopy(p+42, &seq, sizeof(seq));
1418 tp = (struct tstamp *)(p+46);
1419 ts.tv_sec = (time_t)tp->sec;
1420 ts.tv_nsec = (long)tp->nsec;
1421 ts.tv_sec = now.tv_sec - ts.tv_sec;
1422 ts.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec - ts.tv_nsec;
1423 if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
1424 ts.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
1427 if (0) D("seq %d/%llu delta %d.%09d", seq,
1428 (unsigned long long)sent,
1429 (int)ts.tv_sec, (int)ts.tv_nsec);
1430 t_cur = ts.tv_sec * 1000000000UL + ts.tv_nsec;
1437 /* now store it in a bucket */
1438 ring->head = ring->cur = nm_ring_next(ring, ring->head);
1444 //D("tx %d rx %d", sent, rx);
1446 ts.tv_sec = now.tv_sec - last_print.tv_sec;
1447 ts.tv_nsec = now.tv_nsec - last_print.tv_nsec;
1448 if (ts.tv_nsec < 0) {
1449 ts.tv_nsec += 1000000000;
1452 if (ts.tv_sec >= 1) {
1453 D("count %d RTT: min %d av %d ns",
1454 (int)count, (int)t_min, (int)(av/count));
1455 int k, j, kmin, off;
1458 for (kmin = 0; kmin < 64; kmin ++)
1461 for (k = 63; k >= kmin; k--)
1466 for (j = kmin; j <= k; j++) {
1467 off += sprintf(buf + off, " %5d", (int)buckets[j]);
1469 D("k: %d .. %d\n\t%s", 1<<kmin, 1<<k, buf);
1470 bzero(&buckets, sizeof(buckets));
1480 if (rx < m && ts.tv_sec <= 3 && !targ->cancel)
1482 #endif /* BUSYWAIT */
1486 D("RTT over %llu packets: min %d av %d ns",
1487 (long long unsigned)sent, (int)g_min,
1488 (int)((double)g_av/sent));
1490 targ->completed = 1;
1492 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
1500 * reply to ping requests
1503 pong_body(void *data)
1505 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
1506 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLIN };
1507 struct netmap_if *nifp = targ->nmd->nifp;
1508 struct netmap_ring *txring, *rxring;
1510 uint64_t sent = 0, n = targ->g->npackets;
1512 if (targ->g->nthreads > 1) {
1513 D("can only reply ping with 1 thread");
1517 D("understood ponger %llu but don't know how to do it",
1518 (unsigned long long)n);
1520 if (targ->g->af == AF_INET6) {
1521 D("Warning: ping-pong with IPv6 not supported");
1524 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || sent < n)) {
1525 uint32_t txhead, txavail;
1528 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCRXSYNC, NULL);
1531 if ( (rv = poll(&pfd, 1, 1000)) <= 0) {
1532 D("poll error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1533 rv ? strerror(errno) : "timeout");
1537 txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, targ->nmd->first_tx_ring);
1538 txhead = txring->head;
1539 txavail = nm_ring_space(txring);
1540 /* see what we got back */
1541 for (i = targ->nmd->first_rx_ring; i <= targ->nmd->last_rx_ring; i++) {
1542 rxring = NETMAP_RXRING(nifp, i);
1543 while (!nm_ring_empty(rxring)) {
1544 uint16_t *spkt, *dpkt;
1545 uint32_t head = rxring->head;
1546 struct netmap_slot *slot = &rxring->slot[head];
1548 src = NETMAP_BUF(rxring, slot->buf_idx);
1549 //D("got pkt %p of size %d", src, slot->len);
1550 rxring->head = rxring->cur = nm_ring_next(rxring, head);
1553 dst = NETMAP_BUF(txring,
1554 txring->slot[txhead].buf_idx);
1556 dpkt = (uint16_t *)dst;
1557 spkt = (uint16_t *)src;
1558 nm_pkt_copy(src, dst, slot->len);
1559 /* swap source and destination MAC */
1566 /* swap source and destination IPv4 */
1567 if (spkt[6] == htons(ETHERTYPE_IP)) {
1568 dpkt[13] = spkt[15];
1569 dpkt[14] = spkt[16];
1570 dpkt[15] = spkt[13];
1571 dpkt[16] = spkt[14];
1573 txring->slot[txhead].len = slot->len;
1574 //dump_payload(dst, slot->len, txring, txhead);
1575 txhead = nm_ring_next(txring, txhead);
1580 txring->head = txring->cur = txhead;
1581 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1583 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
1587 targ->completed = 1;
1589 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
1597 sender_body(void *data)
1599 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
1600 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLOUT };
1601 struct netmap_if *nifp;
1602 struct netmap_ring *txring = NULL;
1604 uint64_t n = targ->g->npackets / targ->g->nthreads;
1607 int options = targ->g->options;
1608 struct timespec nexttime = { 0, 0}; // XXX silence compiler
1609 int rate_limit = targ->g->tx_rate;
1610 struct pkt *pkt = &targ->pkt;
1614 if (targ->frame == NULL) {
1615 frame = (char *)pkt + sizeof(pkt->vh) - targ->g->virt_header;
1616 size = targ->g->pkt_size + targ->g->virt_header;
1618 frame = targ->frame;
1619 size = targ->g->pkt_size;
1622 D("start, fd %d main_fd %d", targ->fd, targ->g->main_fd);
1623 if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
1627 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->tic);
1629 targ->tic = timespec_add(targ->tic, (struct timespec){2,0});
1630 targ->tic.tv_nsec = 0;
1631 wait_time(targ->tic);
1632 nexttime = targ->tic;
1634 if (targ->g->dev_type == DEV_TAP) {
1635 D("writing to file desc %d", targ->g->main_fd);
1637 for (i = 0; !targ->cancel && (n == 0 || sent < n); i++) {
1638 if (write(targ->g->main_fd, frame, size) != -1)
1640 update_addresses(pkt, targ);
1642 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1643 targ->ctr.bytes = sent*size;
1644 targ->ctr.events = sent;
1649 } else if (targ->g->dev_type == DEV_PCAP) {
1650 pcap_t *p = targ->g->p;
1652 for (i = 0; !targ->cancel && (n == 0 || sent < n); i++) {
1653 if (pcap_inject(p, frame, size) != -1)
1655 update_addresses(pkt, targ);
1657 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1658 targ->ctr.bytes = sent*size;
1659 targ->ctr.events = sent;
1663 #endif /* NO_PCAP */
1666 u_int bufsz, frag_size = targ->g->frag_size;
1668 nifp = targ->nmd->nifp;
1669 txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, targ->nmd->first_tx_ring);
1670 bufsz = txring->nr_buf_size;
1671 if (bufsz < frag_size)
1673 targ->frag_size = targ->g->pkt_size / targ->frags;
1674 if (targ->frag_size > frag_size) {
1675 targ->frags = targ->g->pkt_size / frag_size;
1676 targ->frag_size = frag_size;
1677 if (targ->g->pkt_size % frag_size != 0)
1680 D("frags %u frag_size %u", targ->frags, targ->frag_size);
1682 /* mark all slots of all rings as changed so initial copy will be done */
1683 for (i = targ->nmd->first_tx_ring; i <= targ->nmd->last_tx_ring; i++) {
1685 struct netmap_slot *slot;
1687 txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
1688 for (j = 0; j < txring->num_slots; j++) {
1689 slot = &txring->slot[j];
1690 slot->flags = NS_BUF_CHANGED;
1694 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || sent < n)) {
1697 if (rate_limit && tosend <= 0) {
1698 tosend = targ->g->burst;
1699 nexttime = timespec_add(nexttime, targ->g->tx_period);
1700 wait_time(nexttime);
1704 * wait for available room in the send queue(s)
1708 if (ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL) < 0) {
1709 D("ioctl error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1713 #else /* !BUSYWAIT */
1714 if ( (rv = poll(&pfd, 1, 2000)) <= 0) {
1717 D("poll error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1718 rv ? strerror(errno) : "timeout");
1721 if (pfd.revents & POLLERR) {
1722 D("poll error on %d ring %d-%d", pfd.fd,
1723 targ->nmd->first_tx_ring, targ->nmd->last_tx_ring);
1726 #endif /* !BUSYWAIT */
1728 * scan our queues and send on those with room
1730 for (i = targ->nmd->first_tx_ring; i <= targ->nmd->last_tx_ring; i++) {
1732 uint64_t limit = rate_limit ? tosend : targ->g->burst;
1734 if (n > 0 && n == sent)
1737 if (n > 0 && n - sent < limit)
1739 txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
1740 if (nm_ring_empty(txring))
1743 if (targ->g->pkt_min_size > 0) {
1744 size = nrand48(targ->seed) %
1745 (targ->g->pkt_size - targ->g->pkt_min_size) +
1746 targ->g->pkt_min_size;
1748 m = send_packets(txring, pkt, frame, size, targ,
1750 ND("limit %lu tail %d m %d",
1751 limit, txring->tail, m);
1753 if (m > 0) //XXX-ste: can m be 0?
1755 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1756 targ->ctr.bytes += m*size;
1757 targ->ctr.events = event;
1765 /* flush any remaining packets */
1766 if (txring != NULL) {
1767 D("flush tail %d head %d on thread %p",
1768 txring->tail, txring->head,
1769 (void *)pthread_self());
1770 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
1773 /* final part: wait all the TX queues to be empty. */
1774 for (i = targ->nmd->first_tx_ring; i <= targ->nmd->last_tx_ring; i++) {
1775 txring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
1776 while (!targ->cancel && nm_tx_pending(txring)) {
1777 RD(5, "pending tx tail %d head %d on ring %d",
1778 txring->tail, txring->head, i);
1779 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
1780 usleep(1); /* wait 1 tick */
1783 } /* end DEV_NETMAP */
1785 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
1786 targ->completed = 1;
1787 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
1788 targ->ctr.bytes = sent*size;
1789 targ->ctr.events = event;
1791 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
1800 receive_pcap(u_char *user, const struct pcap_pkthdr * h,
1801 const u_char * bytes)
1803 struct my_ctrs *ctr = (struct my_ctrs *)user;
1804 (void)bytes; /* UNUSED */
1805 ctr->bytes += h->len;
1808 #endif /* !NO_PCAP */
1812 receive_packets(struct netmap_ring *ring, u_int limit, int dump, uint64_t *bytes)
1822 n = nm_ring_space(ring);
1825 for (rx = 0; rx < limit; rx++) {
1826 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
1827 char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
1829 *bytes += slot->len;
1831 dump_payload(p, slot->len, ring, head);
1832 if (!(slot->flags & NS_MOREFRAG))
1835 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
1837 ring->head = ring->cur = head;
1843 receiver_body(void *data)
1845 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
1846 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLIN };
1847 struct netmap_if *nifp;
1848 struct netmap_ring *rxring;
1851 uint64_t n = targ->g->npackets / targ->g->nthreads;
1853 memset(&cur, 0, sizeof(cur));
1855 if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
1858 D("reading from %s fd %d main_fd %d",
1859 targ->g->ifname, targ->fd, targ->g->main_fd);
1860 /* unbounded wait for the first packet. */
1861 for (;!targ->cancel;) {
1862 i = poll(&pfd, 1, 1000);
1863 if (i > 0 && !(pfd.revents & POLLERR))
1866 D("poll() error: %s", strerror(errno));
1869 if (pfd.revents & POLLERR) {
1873 RD(1, "waiting for initial packets, poll returns %d %d",
1876 /* main loop, exit after 1s silence */
1877 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->tic);
1878 if (targ->g->dev_type == DEV_TAP) {
1879 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || targ->ctr.pkts < n)) {
1880 char buf[MAX_BODYSIZE];
1881 /* XXX should we poll ? */
1882 i = read(targ->g->main_fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
1885 targ->ctr.bytes += i;
1890 } else if (targ->g->dev_type == DEV_PCAP) {
1891 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || targ->ctr.pkts < n)) {
1892 /* XXX should we poll ? */
1893 pcap_dispatch(targ->g->p, targ->g->burst, receive_pcap,
1894 (u_char *)&targ->ctr);
1897 #endif /* !NO_PCAP */
1899 int dump = targ->g->options & OPT_DUMP;
1901 nifp = targ->nmd->nifp;
1902 while (!targ->cancel && (n == 0 || targ->ctr.pkts < n)) {
1903 /* Once we started to receive packets, wait at most 1 seconds
1906 if (ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCRXSYNC, NULL) < 0) {
1907 D("ioctl error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
1911 #else /* !BUSYWAIT */
1912 if (poll(&pfd, 1, 1 * 1000) <= 0 && !targ->g->forever) {
1913 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
1914 targ->toc.tv_sec -= 1; /* Subtract timeout time. */
1918 if (pfd.revents & POLLERR) {
1922 #endif /* !BUSYWAIT */
1923 uint64_t cur_space = 0;
1924 for (i = targ->nmd->first_rx_ring; i <= targ->nmd->last_rx_ring; i++) {
1927 rxring = NETMAP_RXRING(nifp, i);
1928 /* compute free space in the ring */
1929 m = rxring->head + rxring->num_slots - rxring->tail;
1930 if (m >= (int) rxring->num_slots)
1931 m -= rxring->num_slots;
1933 if (nm_ring_empty(rxring))
1936 m = receive_packets(rxring, targ->g->burst, dump, &cur.bytes);
1941 cur.min_space = targ->ctr.min_space;
1942 if (cur_space < cur.min_space)
1943 cur.min_space = cur_space;
1948 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
1950 #if !defined(BUSYWAIT)
1953 targ->completed = 1;
1957 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
1964 txseq_body(void *data)
1966 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
1967 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLOUT };
1968 struct netmap_ring *ring;
1971 int options = targ->g->options | OPT_COPY;
1972 struct timespec nexttime = {0, 0};
1973 int rate_limit = targ->g->tx_rate;
1974 struct pkt *pkt = &targ->pkt;
1975 int frags = targ->g->frags;
1976 uint32_t sequence = 0;
1981 if (targ->g->nthreads > 1) {
1982 D("can only txseq ping with 1 thread");
1986 if (targ->g->npackets > 0) {
1987 D("Ignoring -n argument");
1990 frame = (char *)pkt + sizeof(pkt->vh) - targ->g->virt_header;
1991 size = targ->g->pkt_size + targ->g->virt_header;
1993 D("start, fd %d main_fd %d", targ->fd, targ->g->main_fd);
1994 if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
1997 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->tic);
1999 targ->tic = timespec_add(targ->tic, (struct timespec){2,0});
2000 targ->tic.tv_nsec = 0;
2001 wait_time(targ->tic);
2002 nexttime = targ->tic;
2005 /* Only use the first queue. */
2006 ring = NETMAP_TXRING(targ->nmd->nifp, targ->nmd->first_tx_ring);
2008 while (!targ->cancel) {
2017 budget = targ->g->burst;
2019 } else if (budget <= 0) {
2020 budget = targ->g->burst;
2021 nexttime = timespec_add(nexttime, targ->g->tx_period);
2022 wait_time(nexttime);
2025 /* wait for available room in the send queue */
2028 if (ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL) < 0) {
2029 D("ioctl error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
2033 #else /* !BUSYWAIT */
2034 if ( (rv = poll(&pfd, 1, 2000)) <= 0) {
2037 D("poll error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
2038 rv ? strerror(errno) : "timeout");
2041 if (pfd.revents & POLLERR) {
2042 D("poll error on %d ring %d-%d", pfd.fd,
2043 targ->nmd->first_tx_ring, targ->nmd->last_tx_ring);
2046 #endif /* !BUSYWAIT */
2048 /* If no room poll() again. */
2049 space = nm_ring_space(ring);
2056 if (space < limit) {
2060 /* Cut off ``limit`` to make sure is multiple of ``frags``. */
2062 limit = (limit / frags) * frags;
2065 limit = sent + limit; /* Convert to absolute. */
2067 for (fcnt = frags, head = ring->head;
2068 sent < limit; sent++, sequence++) {
2069 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
2070 char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
2071 uint16_t *w = (uint16_t *)PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af), t;
2073 memcpy(&sum, targ->g->af == AF_INET ? &pkt->ipv4.udp.uh_sum : &pkt->ipv6.udp.uh_sum, sizeof(sum));
2077 PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af)[0] = sequence >> 24;
2078 PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af)[1] = (sequence >> 16) & 0xff;
2079 sum = ~cksum_add(~sum, cksum_add(~t, *w));
2081 PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af)[2] = (sequence >> 8) & 0xff;
2082 PKT(pkt, body, targ->g->af)[3] = sequence & 0xff;
2083 sum = ~cksum_add(~sum, cksum_add(~t, *w));
2084 memcpy(targ->g->af == AF_INET ? &pkt->ipv4.udp.uh_sum : &pkt->ipv6.udp.uh_sum, &sum, sizeof(sum));
2085 nm_pkt_copy(frame, p, size);
2086 if (fcnt == frags) {
2087 update_addresses(pkt, targ);
2090 if (options & OPT_DUMP) {
2091 dump_payload(p, size, ring, head);
2097 slot->flags |= NS_MOREFRAG;
2102 if (sent == limit - 1) {
2103 /* Make sure we don't push an incomplete
2105 assert(!(slot->flags & NS_MOREFRAG));
2106 slot->flags |= NS_REPORT;
2109 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
2115 ring->cur = ring->head = head;
2118 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
2119 targ->ctr.bytes = sent * size;
2120 targ->ctr.events = event;
2123 /* flush any remaining packets */
2124 D("flush tail %d head %d on thread %p",
2125 ring->tail, ring->head,
2126 (void *)pthread_self());
2127 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
2129 /* final part: wait the TX queues to become empty. */
2130 while (!targ->cancel && nm_tx_pending(ring)) {
2131 RD(5, "pending tx tail %d head %d on ring %d",
2132 ring->tail, ring->head, targ->nmd->first_tx_ring);
2133 ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCTXSYNC, NULL);
2134 usleep(1); /* wait 1 tick */
2137 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
2138 targ->completed = 1;
2139 targ->ctr.pkts = sent;
2140 targ->ctr.bytes = sent * size;
2141 targ->ctr.events = event;
2143 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
2151 multi_slot_to_string(struct netmap_ring *ring, unsigned int head,
2152 unsigned int nfrags, char *strbuf, size_t strbuflen)
2157 for (f = 0; f < nfrags; f++) {
2158 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
2159 int m = snprintf(strbuf, strbuflen, "|%u,%x|", slot->len,
2161 if (m >= (int)strbuflen) {
2167 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
2174 rxseq_body(void *data)
2176 struct targ *targ = (struct targ *) data;
2177 struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = targ->fd, .events = POLLIN };
2178 int dump = targ->g->options & OPT_DUMP;
2179 struct netmap_ring *ring;
2180 unsigned int frags_exp = 1;
2182 unsigned int frags = 0;
2183 int first_packet = 1;
2185 int i, j, af, nrings;
2186 uint32_t seq, *seq_exp = NULL;
2188 memset(&cur, 0, sizeof(cur));
2190 if (setaffinity(targ->thread, targ->affinity))
2193 nrings = targ->nmd->last_rx_ring - targ->nmd->first_rx_ring + 1;
2194 seq_exp = calloc(nrings, sizeof(uint32_t));
2195 if (seq_exp == NULL) {
2196 D("failed to allocate seq array");
2200 D("reading from %s fd %d main_fd %d",
2201 targ->g->ifname, targ->fd, targ->g->main_fd);
2202 /* unbounded wait for the first packet. */
2203 for (;!targ->cancel;) {
2204 i = poll(&pfd, 1, 1000);
2205 if (i > 0 && !(pfd.revents & POLLERR))
2207 RD(1, "waiting for initial packets, poll returns %d %d",
2211 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->tic);
2214 while (!targ->cancel) {
2219 if (ioctl(pfd.fd, NIOCRXSYNC, NULL) < 0) {
2220 D("ioctl error on queue %d: %s", targ->me,
2224 #else /* !BUSYWAIT */
2225 if (poll(&pfd, 1, 1 * 1000) <= 0 && !targ->g->forever) {
2226 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
2227 targ->toc.tv_sec -= 1; /* Subtract timeout time. */
2231 if (pfd.revents & POLLERR) {
2235 #endif /* !BUSYWAIT */
2237 for (j = targ->nmd->first_rx_ring; j <= targ->nmd->last_rx_ring; j++) {
2238 ring = NETMAP_RXRING(targ->nmd->nifp, j);
2239 if (nm_ring_empty(ring))
2242 limit = nm_ring_space(ring);
2243 if (limit > targ->g->burst)
2244 limit = targ->g->burst;
2248 * 1) we remove the early-return optimization from
2249 * the netmap poll implementation, or
2250 * 2) pipes get NS_MOREFRAG support.
2251 * With the current netmap implementation, an experiment like
2252 * pkt-gen -i vale:1{1 -f txseq -F 9
2253 * pkt-gen -i vale:1}1 -f rxseq
2254 * would get stuck as soon as we find nm_ring_space(ring) < 9,
2255 * since here limit is rounded to 0 and
2256 * pipe rxsync is not called anymore by the poll() of this loop.
2258 if (frags_exp > 1) {
2260 /* Cut off to the closest smaller multiple. */
2261 limit = (limit / frags_exp) * frags_exp;
2262 RD(2, "LIMIT %d --> %d", o, limit);
2266 for (head = ring->head, i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
2267 struct netmap_slot *slot = &ring->slot[head];
2268 char *p = NETMAP_BUF(ring, slot->buf_idx);
2269 int len = slot->len;
2273 dump_payload(p, slot->len, ring, head);
2277 if (!(slot->flags & NS_MOREFRAG)) {
2280 } else if (frags != frags_exp) {
2282 RD(1, "Received packets with %u frags, "
2283 "expected %u, '%s'", frags, frags_exp,
2284 multi_slot_to_string(ring, head-frags+1,
2286 prbuf, sizeof(prbuf)));
2293 p -= sizeof(pkt->vh) - targ->g->virt_header;
2294 len += sizeof(pkt->vh) - targ->g->virt_header;
2295 pkt = (struct pkt *)p;
2296 if (ntohs(pkt->eh.ether_type) == ETHERTYPE_IP)
2301 if ((char *)pkt + len < ((char *)PKT(pkt, body, af)) +
2303 RD(1, "%s: packet too small (len=%u)", __func__,
2306 seq = (PKT(pkt, body, af)[0] << 24) |
2307 (PKT(pkt, body, af)[1] << 16) |
2308 (PKT(pkt, body, af)[2] << 8) |
2309 PKT(pkt, body, af)[3];
2311 /* Grab the first one, whatever it
2315 } else if (seq != seq_exp[j]) {
2316 uint32_t delta = seq - seq_exp[j];
2318 if (delta < (0xFFFFFFFF >> 1)) {
2319 RD(2, "Sequence GAP: exp %u found %u",
2322 RD(2, "Sequence OUT OF ORDER: "
2323 "exp %u found %u", seq_exp[j], seq);
2330 cur.bytes += slot->len;
2331 head = nm_ring_next(ring, head);
2335 ring->cur = ring->head = head;
2341 clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &targ->toc);
2345 #endif /* !BUSYWAIT */
2346 targ->completed = 1;
2350 if (seq_exp != NULL)
2352 /* reset the ``used`` flag. */
2360 tx_output(struct glob_arg *g, struct my_ctrs *cur, double delta, const char *msg)
2362 double bw, raw_bw, pps, abs;
2363 char b1[40], b2[80], b3[80];
2366 if (cur->pkts == 0) {
2367 printf("%s nothing.\n", msg);
2371 size = (int)(cur->bytes / cur->pkts);
2373 printf("%s %llu packets %llu bytes %llu events %d bytes each in %.2f seconds.\n",
2375 (unsigned long long)cur->pkts,
2376 (unsigned long long)cur->bytes,
2377 (unsigned long long)cur->events, size, delta);
2380 if (size < 60) /* correct for min packet size */
2382 pps = cur->pkts / delta;
2383 bw = (8.0 * cur->bytes) / delta;
2384 raw_bw = (8.0 * cur->bytes + cur->pkts * g->framing) / delta;
2385 abs = cur->pkts / (double)(cur->events);
2387 printf("Speed: %spps Bandwidth: %sbps (raw %sbps). Average batch: %.2f pkts\n",
2388 norm(b1, pps, normalize), norm(b2, bw, normalize), norm(b3, raw_bw, normalize), abs);
2394 /* This usage is generated from the pkt-gen man page:
2396 * and pasted here adding the string terminators and endlines with simple
2397 * regular expressions. */
2398 const char *cmd = "pkt-gen";
2402 " -h Show program usage and exit.\n"
2405 " Name of the network interface that pkt-gen operates on. It can be a system network interface\n"
2406 " (e.g., em0), the name of a vale(4) port (e.g., valeSSS:PPP), the name of a netmap pipe or\n"
2407 " monitor, or any valid netmap port name accepted by the nm_open library function, as docu-\n"
2408 " mented in netmap(4) (NIOCREGIF section).\n"
2411 " The function to be executed by pkt-gen. Specify tx for transmission, rx for reception, ping\n"
2412 " for client-side ping-pong operation, and pong for server-side ping-pong operation.\n"
2415 " Number of iterations of the pkt-gen function (with 0 meaning infinite). In case of tx or rx,\n"
2416 " count is the number of packets to receive or transmit. In case of ping or pong, count is the\n"
2417 " number of ping-pong transactions.\n"
2420 " Packet size in bytes excluding CRC. If passed a second time, use random sizes larger or\n"
2421 " equal than the second one and lower than the first one.\n"
2424 " Transmit or receive up to burst_size packets at a time.\n"
2426 " -4 Use IPv4 addresses.\n"
2428 " -6 Use IPv6 addresses.\n"
2430 " -d dst_ip[:port[-dst_ip:port]]\n"
2431 " Destination IPv4/IPv6 address and port, single or range.\n"
2433 " -s src_ip[:port[-src_ip:port]]\n"
2434 " Source IPv4/IPv6 address and port, single or range.\n"
2437 " Destination MAC address in colon notation (e.g., aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:00).\n"
2440 " Source MAC address in colon notation.\n"
2443 " Pin the first thread of pkt-gen to a particular CPU using pthread_setaffinity_np(3). If more\n"
2444 " threads are used, they are pinned to the subsequent CPUs, one per thread.\n"
2447 " Maximum number of CPUs to use (0 means to use all the available ones).\n"
2450 " Number of threads to use. By default, only a single thread is used to handle all the netmap\n"
2451 " rings. If threads is larger than one, each thread handles a single TX ring (in tx mode), a\n"
2452 " single RX ring (in rx mode), or a TX/RX ring pair. The number of threads must be less than or\n"
2453 " equal to the number of TX (or RX) rings available in the device specified by interface.\n"
2456 " Number of milliseconds between reports.\n"
2458 " -w wait_for_link_time\n"
2459 " Number of seconds to wait before starting the pkt-gen function, useful to make sure that the\n"
2460 " network link is up. A network device driver may take some time to enter netmap mode, or to\n"
2461 " create a new transmit/receive ring pair when netmap(4) requests one.\n"
2464 " Packet transmission rate. Not setting the packet transmission rate tells pkt-gen to transmit\n"
2465 " packets as quickly as possible. On servers from 2010 onward netmap(4) is able to com-\n"
2466 " pletely use all of the bandwidth of a 10 or 40Gbps link, so this option should be used unless\n"
2467 " your intention is to saturate the link.\n"
2469 " -X Dump payload of each packet transmitted or received.\n"
2471 " -H len Add empty virtio-net-header with size 'len'. Valid sizes are 0, 10 and 12. This option is\n"
2472 " only used with Virtual Machine technologies that use virtio as a network interface.\n"
2475 " Load the packet to be transmitted from a pcap file rather than constructing it within\n"
2478 " -z Use random IPv4/IPv6 src address/port.\n"
2480 " -Z Use random IPv4/IPv6 dst address/port.\n"
2482 " -N Do not normalize units (i.e., use bps, pps instead of Mbps, Kpps, etc.).\n"
2485 " Send multi-slot packets, each one with num_frags fragments. A multi-slot packet is repre-\n"
2486 " sented by two or more consecutive netmap slots with the NS_MOREFRAG flag set (except for the\n"
2487 " last slot). This is useful to transmit or receive packets larger than the netmap buffer\n"
2491 " In multi-slot mode, frag_size specifies the size of each fragment, if smaller than the packet\n"
2492 " length divided by num_frags.\n"
2494 " -I Use indirect buffers. It is only valid for transmitting on VALE ports, and it is implemented\n"
2495 " by setting the NS_INDIRECT flag in the netmap slots.\n"
2497 " -W Exit immediately if all the RX rings are empty the first time they are examined.\n"
2499 " -v Increase the verbosity level.\n"
2501 " -r In tx mode, do not initialize packets, but send whatever the content of the uninitialized\n"
2502 " netmap buffers is (rubbish mode).\n"
2504 " -A Compute mean and standard deviation (over a sliding window) for the transmit or receive rate.\n"
2506 " -B Take Ethernet framing and CRC into account when computing the average bps. This adds 4 bytes\n"
2507 " of CRC and 20 bytes of framing to each packet.\n"
2509 " -C tx_slots[,rx_slots[,tx_rings[,rx_rings]]]\n"
2510 " Configuration in terms of number of rings and slots to be used when opening the netmap port.\n"
2511 " Such configuration has an effect on software ports created on the fly, such as VALE ports and\n"
2512 " netmap pipes. The configuration may consist of 1 to 4 numbers separated by commas: tx_slots,\n"
2513 " rx_slots, tx_rings, rx_rings. Missing numbers or zeroes stand for default values. As an\n"
2514 " additional convenience, if exactly one number is specified, then this is assigned to both\n"
2515 " tx_slots and rx_slots. If there is no fourth number, then the third one is assigned to both\n"
2516 " tx_rings and rx_rings.\n"
2518 " -o options data generation options (parsed using atoi)\n"
2523 " OPT_TS 16 (add a timestamp)\n"
2524 " OPT_INDIRECT 32 (use indirect buffers)\n"
2525 " OPT_DUMP 64 (dump rx/tx traffic)\n"
2526 " OPT_RUBBISH 256\n"
2527 " (send whatever the buffers contain)\n"
2528 " OPT_RANDOM_SRC 512\n"
2529 " OPT_RANDOM_DST 1024\n"
2530 " OPT_PPS_STATS 2048\n"
2537 start_threads(struct glob_arg *g) {
2540 targs = calloc(g->nthreads, sizeof(*targs));
2543 * Now create the desired number of threads, each one
2544 * using a single descriptor.
2546 for (i = 0; i < g->nthreads; i++) {
2547 uint64_t seed = (uint64_t)time(0) | ((uint64_t)time(0) << 32);
2550 bzero(t, sizeof(*t));
2551 t->fd = -1; /* default, with pcap */
2553 memcpy(t->seed, &seed, sizeof(t->seed));
2555 if (g->dev_type == DEV_NETMAP) {
2559 * if the user wants both HW and SW rings, we need to
2560 * know when to switch from NR_REG_ONE_NIC to NR_REG_ONE_SW
2562 if (g->orig_mode == NR_REG_NIC_SW) {
2563 m = (g->td_type == TD_TYPE_RECEIVER ?
2564 g->nmd->reg.nr_rx_rings :
2565 g->nmd->reg.nr_tx_rings);
2570 /* the first thread uses the fd opened by the main
2571 * thread, the other threads re-open /dev/netmap
2573 t->nmd = nmport_clone(g->nmd);
2578 if (m > 0 && j >= m) {
2579 /* switch to the software rings */
2580 t->nmd->reg.nr_mode = NR_REG_ONE_SW;
2583 t->nmd->reg.nr_ringid = j & NETMAP_RING_MASK;
2584 /* Only touch one of the rings (rx is already ok) */
2585 if (g->td_type == TD_TYPE_RECEIVER)
2586 t->nmd->reg.nr_flags |= NETMAP_NO_TX_POLL;
2588 /* register interface. Override ifname and ringid etc. */
2589 if (nmport_open_desc(t->nmd) < 0) {
2590 nmport_undo_prepare(t->nmd);
2598 t->frags = g->frags;
2600 targs[i].fd = g->main_fd;
2604 if (g->affinity >= 0) {
2605 t->affinity = (g->affinity + i) % g->cpus;
2609 /* default, init packets */
2610 initialize_packet(t);
2612 /* Wait for PHY reset. */
2613 D("Wait %d secs for phy reset", g->wait_link);
2614 sleep(g->wait_link);
2617 for (i = 0; i < g->nthreads; i++) {
2619 if (pthread_create(&t->thread, NULL, g->td_body, t) == -1) {
2620 D("Unable to create thread %d: %s", i, strerror(errno));
2628 main_thread(struct glob_arg *g)
2632 struct my_ctrs prev, cur;
2634 struct timeval tic, toc;
2636 prev.pkts = prev.bytes = prev.events = 0;
2637 gettimeofday(&prev.t, NULL);
2639 char b1[40], b2[40], b3[40], b4[100];
2645 usec = wait_for_next_report(&prev.t, &cur.t,
2646 g->report_interval);
2648 cur.pkts = cur.bytes = cur.events = 0;
2650 if (usec < 10000) /* too short to be meaningful */
2652 /* accumulate counts for all threads */
2653 for (i = 0; i < g->nthreads; i++) {
2654 cur.pkts += targs[i].ctr.pkts;
2655 cur.bytes += targs[i].ctr.bytes;
2656 cur.events += targs[i].ctr.events;
2657 cur.min_space += targs[i].ctr.min_space;
2658 targs[i].ctr.min_space = 99999;
2659 if (targs[i].used == 0)
2662 x.pkts = cur.pkts - prev.pkts;
2663 x.bytes = cur.bytes - prev.bytes;
2664 x.events = cur.events - prev.events;
2665 pps = (x.pkts*1000000 + usec/2) / usec;
2666 abs = (x.events > 0) ? (x.pkts / (double) x.events) : 0;
2668 if (!(g->options & OPT_PPS_STATS)) {
2671 /* Compute some pps stats using a sliding window. */
2672 double ppsavg = 0.0, ppsdev = 0.0;
2675 g->win[g->win_idx] = pps;
2676 g->win_idx = (g->win_idx + 1) % STATS_WIN;
2678 for (i = 0; i < STATS_WIN; i++) {
2679 ppsavg += g->win[i];
2686 for (i = 0; i < STATS_WIN; i++) {
2687 if (g->win[i] == 0) {
2690 ppsdev += (g->win[i] - ppsavg) * (g->win[i] - ppsavg);
2693 ppsdev = sqrt(ppsdev);
2695 snprintf(b4, sizeof(b4), "[avg/std %s/%s pps]",
2696 norm(b1, ppsavg, normalize), norm(b2, ppsdev, normalize));
2699 D("%spps %s(%spkts %sbps in %llu usec) %.2f avg_batch %d min_space",
2700 norm(b1, pps, normalize), b4,
2701 norm(b2, (double)x.pkts, normalize),
2702 norm(b3, 1000000*((double)x.bytes*8+(double)x.pkts*g->framing)/usec, normalize),
2703 (unsigned long long)usec,
2704 abs, (int)cur.min_space);
2707 if (done == g->nthreads)
2713 cur.pkts = cur.bytes = cur.events = 0;
2715 for (i = 0; i < g->nthreads; i++) {
2716 struct timespec t_tic, t_toc;
2718 * Join active threads, unregister interfaces and close
2722 pthread_join(targs[i].thread, NULL); /* blocking */
2723 if (g->dev_type == DEV_NETMAP) {
2724 nmport_close(targs[i].nmd);
2725 targs[i].nmd = NULL;
2730 if (targs[i].completed == 0)
2731 D("ouch, thread %d exited with error", i);
2734 * Collect threads output and extract information about
2735 * how long it took to send all the packets.
2737 cur.pkts += targs[i].ctr.pkts;
2738 cur.bytes += targs[i].ctr.bytes;
2739 cur.events += targs[i].ctr.events;
2740 /* collect the largest start (tic) and end (toc) times,
2741 * XXX maybe we should do the earliest tic, or do a weighted
2744 t_tic = timeval2spec(&tic);
2745 t_toc = timeval2spec(&toc);
2746 if (!timerisset(&tic) || timespec_ge(&targs[i].tic, &t_tic))
2747 tic = timespec2val(&targs[i].tic);
2748 if (!timerisset(&toc) || timespec_ge(&targs[i].toc, &t_toc))
2749 toc = timespec2val(&targs[i].toc);
2753 timersub(&toc, &tic, &toc);
2754 delta_t = toc.tv_sec + 1e-6* toc.tv_usec;
2755 if (g->td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER)
2756 tx_output(g, &cur, delta_t, "Sent");
2757 else if (g->td_type == TD_TYPE_RECEIVER)
2758 tx_output(g, &cur, delta_t, "Received");
2768 static struct td_desc func[] = {
2769 { TD_TYPE_RECEIVER, "rx", receiver_body, 512}, /* default */
2770 { TD_TYPE_SENDER, "tx", sender_body, 512 },
2771 { TD_TYPE_OTHER, "ping", ping_body, 1 },
2772 { TD_TYPE_OTHER, "pong", pong_body, 1 },
2773 { TD_TYPE_SENDER, "txseq", txseq_body, 512 },
2774 { TD_TYPE_RECEIVER, "rxseq", rxseq_body, 512 },
2775 { 0, NULL, NULL, 0 }
2779 tap_alloc(char *dev)
2783 const char *clonedev = TAP_CLONEDEV;
2787 /* Arguments taken by the function:
2789 * char *dev: the name of an interface (or '\0'). MUST have enough
2790 * space to hold the interface name if '\0' is passed
2791 * int flags: interface flags (eg, IFF_TUN etc.)
2795 if (dev[3]) { /* tapSomething */
2796 static char buf[128];
2797 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/dev/%s", dev);
2801 /* open the device */
2802 if( (fd = open(clonedev, O_RDWR)) < 0 ) {
2805 D("%s open successful", clonedev);
2807 /* preparation of the struct ifr, of type "struct ifreq" */
2808 memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
2811 ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TAP | IFF_NO_PI;
2814 /* if a device name was specified, put it in the structure; otherwise,
2815 * the kernel will try to allocate the "next" device of the
2817 size_t len = strlen(dev);
2818 if (len > IFNAMSIZ) {
2819 D("%s too long", dev);
2822 memcpy(ifr.ifr_name, dev, len);
2825 /* try to create the device */
2826 if( (err = ioctl(fd, TUNSETIFF, (void *) &ifr)) < 0 ) {
2827 D("failed to do a TUNSETIFF: %s", strerror(errno));
2832 /* if the operation was successful, write back the name of the
2833 * interface to the variable "dev", so the caller can know
2834 * it. Note that the caller MUST reserve space in *dev (see calling
2836 strcpy(dev, ifr.ifr_name);
2837 D("new name is %s", dev);
2840 /* this is the special file descriptor that the caller will use to talk
2841 * with the virtual interface */
2846 main(int arc, char **argv)
2849 struct sigaction sa;
2855 int devqueues = 1; /* how many device queues */
2856 int wait_link_arg = 0;
2858 int pkt_size_done = 0;
2860 struct td_desc *fn = func;
2862 bzero(&g, sizeof(g));
2867 g.report_interval = 1000; /* report interval */
2869 /* ip addresses can also be a range x.x.x.x-x.x.x.y */
2870 g.af = AF_INET; /* default */
2871 g.src_ip.name = "10.0.0.1";
2872 g.dst_ip.name = "10.1.0.1";
2873 g.dst_mac.name = "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff";
2874 g.src_mac.name = NULL;
2878 g.cpus = 1; /* default */
2882 g.frag_size = (u_int)-1; /* use the netmap buffer size by default */
2885 g.wait_link = 2; /* wait 2 seconds for physical ports */
2887 while ((ch = getopt(arc, argv, "46a:f:F:Nn:i:Il:d:s:D:S:b:c:o:p:"
2888 "T:w:WvR:XC:H:rP:zZAhBM:")) != -1) {
2892 D("bad option %c %s", ch, optarg);
2913 g.npackets = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 10);
2918 if (i < 1 || i > 63) {
2919 D("invalid frags %d [1..63], ignore", i);
2926 g.frag_size = atoi(optarg);
2930 for (fn = func; fn->key; fn++) {
2931 if (!strcmp(fn->key, optarg))
2938 D("unrecognised function %s", optarg);
2942 case 'o': /* data generation options */
2943 g.options |= atoi(optarg);
2946 case 'a': /* force affinity */
2947 g.affinity = atoi(optarg);
2950 case 'i': /* interface */
2951 /* a prefix of tap: netmap: or pcap: forces the mode.
2952 * otherwise we guess
2954 D("interface is %s", optarg);
2955 if (strlen(optarg) > MAX_IFNAMELEN - 8) {
2956 D("ifname too long %s", optarg);
2959 strcpy(g.ifname, optarg);
2960 if (!strcmp(optarg, "null")) {
2961 g.dev_type = DEV_NETMAP;
2963 } else if (!strncmp(optarg, "tap:", 4)) {
2964 g.dev_type = DEV_TAP;
2965 strcpy(g.ifname, optarg + 4);
2966 } else if (!strncmp(optarg, "pcap:", 5)) {
2967 g.dev_type = DEV_PCAP;
2968 strcpy(g.ifname, optarg + 5);
2969 } else if (!strncmp(optarg, "netmap:", 7) ||
2970 !strncmp(optarg, "vale", 4)) {
2971 g.dev_type = DEV_NETMAP;
2972 } else if (!strncmp(optarg, "tap", 3)) {
2973 g.dev_type = DEV_TAP;
2974 } else { /* prepend netmap: */
2975 g.dev_type = DEV_NETMAP;
2976 sprintf(g.ifname, "netmap:%s", optarg);
2981 g.options |= OPT_INDIRECT; /* use indirect buffers */
2984 case 'l': /* pkt_size */
2985 if (pkt_size_done) {
2986 g.pkt_min_size = atoi(optarg);
2988 g.pkt_size = atoi(optarg);
2994 g.dst_ip.name = optarg;
2998 g.src_ip.name = optarg;
3001 case 'T': /* report interval */
3002 g.report_interval = atoi(optarg);
3006 g.wait_link = atoi(optarg);
3011 g.forever = 0; /* exit RX with no traffic */
3014 case 'b': /* burst */
3015 g.burst = atoi(optarg);
3018 g.cpus = atoi(optarg);
3021 g.nthreads = atoi(optarg);
3024 case 'D': /* destination mac */
3025 g.dst_mac.name = optarg;
3028 case 'S': /* source mac */
3029 g.src_mac.name = optarg;
3035 g.tx_rate = atoi(optarg);
3038 g.options |= OPT_DUMP;
3041 D("WARNING: the 'C' option is deprecated, use the '+conf:' libnetmap option instead");
3042 g.nmr_config = strdup(optarg);
3045 g.virt_header = atoi(optarg);
3048 g.packet_file = strdup(optarg);
3051 g.options |= OPT_RUBBISH;
3054 g.options |= OPT_RANDOM_SRC;
3057 g.options |= OPT_RANDOM_DST;
3060 g.options |= OPT_PPS_STATS;
3063 /* raw packets have4 bytes crc + 20 bytes framing */
3064 // XXX maybe add an option to pass the IFG
3070 if (strlen(g.ifname) <=0 ) {
3071 D("missing ifname");
3076 g.burst = fn->default_burst;
3077 D("using default burst size: %d", g.burst);
3080 g.system_cpus = i = system_ncpus();
3081 if (g.cpus < 0 || g.cpus > i) {
3082 D("%d cpus is too high, have only %d cpus", g.cpus, i);
3085 D("running on %d cpus (have %d)", g.cpus, i);
3089 if (!wait_link_arg && !strncmp(g.ifname, "vale", 4)) {
3093 if (g.pkt_size < 16 || g.pkt_size > MAX_PKTSIZE) {
3094 D("bad pktsize %d [16..%d]\n", g.pkt_size, MAX_PKTSIZE);
3098 if (g.pkt_min_size > 0 && (g.pkt_min_size < 16 || g.pkt_min_size > g.pkt_size)) {
3099 D("bad pktminsize %d [16..%d]\n", g.pkt_min_size, g.pkt_size);
3103 if (g.src_mac.name == NULL) {
3104 static char mybuf[20] = "00:00:00:00:00:00";
3105 /* retrieve source mac address. */
3106 if (source_hwaddr(g.ifname, mybuf) == -1) {
3107 D("Unable to retrieve source mac");
3108 // continue, fail later
3110 g.src_mac.name = mybuf;
3112 /* extract address ranges */
3113 if (extract_mac_range(&g.src_mac) || extract_mac_range(&g.dst_mac))
3115 g.options |= extract_ip_range(&g.src_ip, g.af);
3116 g.options |= extract_ip_range(&g.dst_ip, g.af);
3118 if (g.virt_header != 0 && g.virt_header != VIRT_HDR_1
3119 && g.virt_header != VIRT_HDR_2) {
3120 D("bad virtio-net-header length");
3124 if (g.dev_type == DEV_TAP) {
3125 D("want to use tap %s", g.ifname);
3126 g.main_fd = tap_alloc(g.ifname);
3127 if (g.main_fd < 0) {
3128 D("cannot open tap %s", g.ifname);
3132 } else if (g.dev_type == DEV_PCAP) {
3133 char pcap_errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
3135 pcap_errbuf[0] = '\0'; // init the buffer
3136 g.p = pcap_open_live(g.ifname, 256 /* XXX */, 1, 100, pcap_errbuf);
3138 D("cannot open pcap on %s", g.ifname);
3141 g.main_fd = pcap_fileno(g.p);
3142 D("using pcap on %s fileno %d", g.ifname, g.main_fd);
3143 #endif /* !NO_PCAP */
3144 } else if (g.dummy_send) { /* but DEV_NETMAP */
3145 D("using a dummy send routine");
3147 g.nmd = nmport_prepare(g.ifname);
3151 parse_nmr_config(g.nmr_config, &g.nmd->reg);
3153 g.nmd->reg.nr_flags |= NR_ACCEPT_VNET_HDR;
3156 * Open the netmap device using nm_open().
3158 * protocol stack and may cause a reset of the card,
3159 * which in turn may take some time for the PHY to
3160 * reconfigure. We do the open here to have time to reset.
3162 g.orig_mode = g.nmd->reg.nr_mode;
3163 if (g.nthreads > 1) {
3164 switch (g.orig_mode) {
3165 case NR_REG_ALL_NIC:
3167 g.nmd->reg.nr_mode = NR_REG_ONE_NIC;
3170 g.nmd->reg.nr_mode = NR_REG_ONE_SW;
3175 g.nmd->reg.nr_ringid = 0;
3177 if (nmport_open_desc(g.nmd) < 0)
3179 g.main_fd = g.nmd->fd;
3180 ND("mapped %luKB at %p", (unsigned long)(g.nmd->req.nr_memsize>>10),
3183 if (g.virt_header) {
3184 /* Set the virtio-net header length, since the user asked
3185 * for it explicitly. */
3186 set_vnet_hdr_len(&g);
3188 /* Check whether the netmap port we opened requires us to send
3189 * and receive frames with virtio-net header. */
3190 get_vnet_hdr_len(&g);
3193 /* get num of queues in tx or rx */
3194 if (g.td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER)
3195 devqueues = g.nmd->reg.nr_tx_rings + g.nmd->reg.nr_host_tx_rings;
3197 devqueues = g.nmd->reg.nr_rx_rings + g.nmd->reg.nr_host_rx_rings;
3199 /* validate provided nthreads. */
3200 if (g.nthreads < 1 || g.nthreads > devqueues) {
3201 D("bad nthreads %d, have %d queues", g.nthreads, devqueues);
3202 // continue, fail later
3205 if (g.td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER) {
3206 int mtu = get_if_mtu(&g);
3208 if (mtu > 0 && g.pkt_size > mtu) {
3209 D("pkt_size (%d) must be <= mtu (%d)",
3216 struct netmap_if *nifp = g.nmd->nifp;
3217 struct nmreq_register *req = &g.nmd->reg;
3219 D("nifp at offset %"PRIu64" ntxqs %d nrxqs %d memid %d",
3220 req->nr_offset, req->nr_tx_rings, req->nr_rx_rings,
3222 for (i = 0; i < req->nr_tx_rings + req->nr_host_tx_rings; i++) {
3223 struct netmap_ring *ring = NETMAP_TXRING(nifp, i);
3224 D(" TX%d at offset %p slots %d", i,
3225 (void *)((char *)ring - (char *)nifp), ring->num_slots);
3227 for (i = 0; i < req->nr_rx_rings + req->nr_host_rx_rings; i++) {
3228 struct netmap_ring *ring = NETMAP_RXRING(nifp, i);
3229 D(" RX%d at offset %p slots %d", i,
3230 (void *)((char *)ring - (char *)nifp), ring->num_slots);
3234 /* Print some debug information. */
3236 "%s %s: %d queues, %d threads and %d cpus.\n",
3237 (g.td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER) ? "Sending on" :
3238 ((g.td_type == TD_TYPE_RECEIVER) ? "Receiving from" :
3244 if (g.td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER) {
3245 fprintf(stdout, "%s -> %s (%s -> %s)\n",
3246 g.src_ip.name, g.dst_ip.name,
3247 g.src_mac.name, g.dst_mac.name);
3251 /* Exit if something went wrong. */
3252 if (g.main_fd < 0) {
3260 D("--- SPECIAL OPTIONS:%s%s%s%s%s%s\n",
3261 g.options & OPT_PREFETCH ? " prefetch" : "",
3262 g.options & OPT_ACCESS ? " access" : "",
3263 g.options & OPT_MEMCPY ? " memcpy" : "",
3264 g.options & OPT_INDIRECT ? " indirect" : "",
3265 g.options & OPT_COPY ? " copy" : "",
3266 g.options & OPT_RUBBISH ? " rubbish " : "");
3269 g.tx_period.tv_sec = g.tx_period.tv_nsec = 0;
3270 if (g.tx_rate > 0) {
3271 /* try to have at least something every second,
3272 * reducing the burst size to some 0.01s worth of data
3273 * (but no less than one full set of fragments)
3276 int lim = (g.tx_rate)/300;
3281 x = ((uint64_t)1000000000 * (uint64_t)g.burst) / (uint64_t) g.tx_rate;
3282 g.tx_period.tv_nsec = x;
3283 g.tx_period.tv_sec = g.tx_period.tv_nsec / 1000000000;
3284 g.tx_period.tv_nsec = g.tx_period.tv_nsec % 1000000000;
3286 if (g.td_type == TD_TYPE_SENDER)
3287 D("Sending %d packets every %ld.%09ld s",
3288 g.burst, g.tx_period.tv_sec, g.tx_period.tv_nsec);
3289 /* Install ^C handler. */
3290 global_nthreads = g.nthreads;
3292 sigaddset(&ss, SIGINT);
3293 /* block SIGINT now, so that all created threads will inherit the mask */
3294 if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &ss, NULL) < 0) {
3295 D("failed to block SIGINT: %s", strerror(errno));
3297 if (start_threads(&g) < 0)
3299 /* Install the handler and re-enable SIGINT for the main thread */
3300 memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
3301 sa.sa_handler = sigint_h;
3302 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0) {
3303 D("failed to install ^C handler: %s", strerror(errno));
3306 if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK, &ss, NULL) < 0) {
3307 D("failed to re-enable SIGINT: %s", strerror(errno));