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4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
14 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
15 .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
16 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 .\" without specific prior written permission.
20 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27 .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28 .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 .\" @(#)jot.1 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
40 .Nd print sequential or random data
48 .Op reps Op begin Op end Op s
51 is used to print out increasing, decreasing, random,
52 or redundant data, usually numbers, one per line.
54 The following options are available:
55 .Bl -tag -width indent
57 Generate random data instead of the default sequential data.
65 with the generated data appended to it.
66 Octal, hexadecimal, exponential,
69 and right-adjusted representations
70 are possible by using the appropriate
72 conversion specification inside
74 in which case the data are inserted rather than appended.
76 This is an abbreviation for
79 Print data separated by
81 Normally, newlines separate data.
83 Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output.
85 Print only as many digits or characters of the data
86 as indicated by the integer
90 the precision is the greater of the precisions of
96 option is overridden by whatever appears in a
102 The last four arguments indicate, respectively,
103 the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound,
104 and the step size or, for random data, the seed.
105 While at least one of them must appear,
106 any of the other three may be omitted, and
107 will be considered as such if given as
109 Any three of these arguments determines the fourth.
110 If four are specified and the given and computed values of
112 conflict, the lower value is used.
113 If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned
114 left to right, except for
116 which assumes its default unless both
122 Defaults for the four arguments are, respectively,
123 100, 1, 100, and 1, except that when random data are requested,
128 is expected to be an unsigned integer,
129 and if given as zero is taken to be infinite.
133 may be given as real numbers or as characters
134 representing the corresponding value in
136 The last argument must be a real number.
138 Random numbers are obtained through
149 prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from -1 to 1.
152 character set is generated with
155 and the strings xaa through xaz with
158 while 20 random 8-letter strings are produced with
159 .Dl "jot -r -c 160 a z | rs -g 0 8"
163 may be obtained through
168 substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc. is
170 .Dl jot -w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 - 5
172 The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc. can be
173 produced by suitable choice of step size,
177 and a file containing exactly 1024 bytes is created with
178 .Dl jot -b x 512 > block
180 Finally, to set tabs four spaces apart starting
181 from column 10 and ending in column 132, use
182 .Dl expand -`jot -s, - 10 132 4`
184 and to print all lines 80 characters or longer,
185 .Dl grep `jot -s \&"\&" -b \&. 80`
189 utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
190 The following diagnostic messages deserve special explanation:
192 .It "illegal or unsupported format '%s'"
193 The requested conversion format specifier for
196 .Dl %[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]?
202 .Dl {c,e,f,g,D,E,G,O,U,X}
203 .It "range error in conversion"
204 A value to be printed fell outside the range of the data type
205 associated with the requested output format.
206 .It "too many conversions"
207 More than one conversion format specifier has been supplied,
208 but only one is allowed.