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1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 Jake Burkholder
5  * Copyright (c) 2004 Robert Watson
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
32
33 #include <sys/types.h>
34 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
35 #include <sys/ktr.h>
36 #include <sys/mman.h>
37 #include <sys/stat.h>
38
39 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #include <fcntl.h>
43 #include <kvm.h>
44 #include <limits.h>
45 #include <nlist.h>
46 #include <stdint.h>
47 #include <stdio.h>
48 #include <stdlib.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <unistd.h>
51
52 #define SBUFLEN 128
53 #define USAGE \
54         "usage: ktrdump [-cflqrtH] [-i ktrfile] [-M core] [-N system] [-o outfile]\n"
55
56 static void usage(void);
57
58 static struct nlist nl[] = {
59         { "_ktr_version" },
60         { "_ktr_entries" },
61         { "_ktr_idx" },
62         { "_ktr_buf" },
63         { NULL }
64 };
65
66 static int cflag;
67 static int fflag;
68 static int lflag;
69 static int Mflag;
70 static int Nflag;
71 static int qflag;
72 static int rflag;
73 static int tflag;
74 static int iflag;
75 static int hflag;
76
77 static char corefile[PATH_MAX];
78 static char execfile[PATH_MAX];
79 static char outfile[PATH_MAX] = "stdout";
80
81 static char desc[SBUFLEN];
82 static char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
83 static char fbuf[PATH_MAX];
84 static char obuf[PATH_MAX];
85 static char sbuf[KTR_PARMS][SBUFLEN];
86
87 /*
88  * Reads the ktr trace buffer from kernel memory and prints the trace entries.
89  */
90 int
91 main(int ac, char **av)
92 {
93         u_long parms[KTR_PARMS];
94         struct ktr_entry *buf;
95         uintmax_t tlast, tnow;
96         unsigned long bufptr;
97         cap_rights_t rights;
98         struct stat sb;
99         kvm_t *kd;
100         FILE *out;
101         char *p;
102         int version;
103         int entries;
104         int count;
105         int index, index2;
106         int parm;
107         int in;
108         int c;
109         int i = 0;
110
111         /*
112          * Parse commandline arguments.
113          */
114         out = stdout;
115         while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "cflqrtHe:i:m:M:N:o:")) != -1)
116                 switch (c) {
117                 case 'c':
118                         cflag = 1;
119                         break;
120                 case 'N':
121                 case 'e':
122                         if (strlcpy(execfile, optarg, sizeof(execfile))
123                             >= sizeof(execfile))
124                                 errx(1, "%s: File name too long", optarg);
125                         Nflag = 1;
126                         break;
127                 case 'f':
128                         fflag = 1;
129                         break;
130                 case 'i':
131                         iflag = 1;
132                         if ((in = open(optarg, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
133                                 err(1, "%s", optarg);
134                         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_FSTAT, CAP_MMAP_R);
135                         if (cap_rights_limit(in, &rights) < 0 &&
136                             errno != ENOSYS)
137                                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for %s",
138                                     optarg);
139                         break;
140                 case 'l':
141                         lflag = 1;
142                         break;
143                 case 'M':
144                 case 'm':
145                         if (strlcpy(corefile, optarg, sizeof(corefile))
146                             >= sizeof(corefile))
147                                 errx(1, "%s: File name too long", optarg);
148                         Mflag = 1;
149                         break;
150                 case 'o':
151                         if ((out = fopen(optarg, "w")) == NULL)
152                                 err(1, "%s", optarg);
153                         strlcpy(outfile, optarg, sizeof(outfile));
154                         break;
155                 case 'q':
156                         qflag++;
157                         break;
158                 case 'r':
159                         rflag = 1;
160                         break;
161                 case 't':
162                         tflag = 1;
163                         break;
164                 case 'H':
165                         hflag = 1;
166                         break;
167                 case '?':
168                 default:
169                         usage();
170                 }
171         ac -= optind;
172         av += optind;
173         if (ac != 0)
174                 usage();
175
176         if (caph_limit_stream(fileno(out), CAPH_WRITE) < 0)
177                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for %s", outfile);
178         if (caph_limit_stderr() < 0)
179                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for stderr");
180
181         /*
182          * Open our execfile and corefile, resolve needed symbols and read in
183          * the trace buffer.
184          */
185         if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(Nflag ? execfile : NULL,
186             Mflag ? corefile : NULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
187                 errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
188
189         /*
190          * Cache NLS data, for strerror, for err(3), before entering capability
191          * mode.
192          */
193         caph_cache_catpages();
194
195         count = kvm_nlist(kd, nl);
196         if (count == -1)
197                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
198         if (count > 0)
199                 errx(1, "failed to resolve ktr symbols");
200         if (kvm_read(kd, nl[0].n_value, &version, sizeof(version)) == -1)
201                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
202         if (version != KTR_VERSION)
203                 errx(1, "ktr version mismatch");
204
205         /*
206          * Enter Capsicum sandbox.
207          *
208          * kvm_nlist() above uses kldsym(2) for native kernels, and that isn't
209          * allowed in the sandbox.
210          */
211         if (caph_enter() < 0)
212                 err(1, "unable to enter capability mode");
213
214         if (iflag) {
215                 if (fstat(in, &sb) == -1)
216                         errx(1, "stat");
217                 entries = sb.st_size / sizeof(*buf);
218                 index = 0;
219                 buf = mmap(NULL, sb.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, in, 0);
220                 if (buf == MAP_FAILED)
221                         errx(1, "mmap");
222         } else {
223                 if (kvm_read(kd, nl[1].n_value, &entries, sizeof(entries))
224                     == -1)
225                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
226                 if ((buf = malloc(sizeof(*buf) * entries)) == NULL)
227                         err(1, NULL);
228                 if (kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index, sizeof(index)) == -1 ||
229                     kvm_read(kd, nl[3].n_value, &bufptr,
230                     sizeof(bufptr)) == -1 ||
231                     kvm_read(kd, bufptr, buf, sizeof(*buf) * entries) == -1 ||
232                     kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2, sizeof(index2)) == -1)
233                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
234         }
235
236         /*
237          * Print a nice header.
238          */
239         if (!qflag) {
240                 fprintf(out, "%-6s ", "index");
241                 if (cflag)
242                         fprintf(out, "%-3s ", "cpu");
243                 if (tflag)
244                         fprintf(out, "%-16s ", "timestamp");
245                 if (fflag)
246                         fprintf(out, "%-40s ", "file and line");
247                 if (hflag)
248                         fprintf(out, "%-18s ", "tid");
249                 fprintf(out, "%s", "trace");
250                 fprintf(out, "\n");
251
252                 fprintf(out, "------ ");
253                 if (cflag)
254                         fprintf(out, "--- ");
255                 if (tflag)
256                         fprintf(out, "---------------- ");
257                 if (fflag)
258                         fprintf(out,
259                             "---------------------------------------- ");
260                 if (hflag)
261                         fprintf(out, "------------------ ");
262                 fprintf(out, "----- ");
263                 fprintf(out, "\n");
264         }
265
266         tlast = -1;
267         /*
268          * Now tear through the trace buffer.
269          *
270          * In "live" mode, find the oldest entry (first non-NULL entry
271          * after index2) and walk forward.  Otherwise, start with the
272          * most recent entry and walk backwards.
273          */
274         if (!iflag) {
275                 if (lflag) {
276                         i = index2 + 1 % entries;
277                         while (buf[i].ktr_desc == NULL && i != index) {
278                                 i++;
279                                 if (i == entries)
280                                         i = 0;
281                         }
282                 } else {
283                         i = index - 1;
284                         if (i < 0)
285                                 i = entries - 1;
286                 }
287         }
288 dump_entries:
289         for (;;) {
290                 if (buf[i].ktr_desc == NULL)
291                         break;
292                 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_desc, desc,
293                     sizeof(desc)) == -1)
294                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
295                 desc[sizeof(desc) - 1] = '\0';
296                 parm = 0;
297                 for (p = desc; (c = *p++) != '\0';) {
298                         if (c != '%')
299                                 continue;
300 next:                   if ((c = *p++) == '\0')
301                                 break;
302                         if (parm == KTR_PARMS)
303                                 errx(1, "too many parameters in \"%s\"", desc);
304                         switch (c) {
305                         case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
306                         case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
307                         case '#': case '-': case ' ': case '+': case '\'':
308                         case 'h': case 'l': case 'j': case 't': case 'z':
309                         case 'q': case 'L': case '.':
310                                 goto next;
311                         case 's':
312                                 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_parms[parm],
313                                     sbuf[parm], sizeof(sbuf[parm])) == -1)
314                                         strcpy(sbuf[parm], "(null)");
315                                 sbuf[parm][sizeof(sbuf[0]) - 1] = '\0';
316                                 parms[parm] = (u_long)sbuf[parm];
317                                 parm++;
318                                 break;
319                         default:
320                                 parms[parm] = buf[i].ktr_parms[parm];
321                                 parm++;
322                                 break;
323                         }
324                 }
325                 fprintf(out, "%6d ", i);
326                 if (cflag)
327                         fprintf(out, "%3d ", buf[i].ktr_cpu);
328                 if (tflag) {
329                         tnow = (uintmax_t)buf[i].ktr_timestamp;
330                         if (rflag) {
331                                 if (tlast == -1)
332                                         tlast = tnow;
333                                 fprintf(out, "%16ju ", !iflag ? tlast - tnow :
334                                     tnow - tlast);
335                                 tlast = tnow;
336                         } else
337                                 fprintf(out, "%16ju ", tnow);
338                 }
339                 if (fflag) {
340                         if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_file, fbuf,
341                             sizeof(fbuf)) == -1)
342                                 strcpy(fbuf, "(null)");
343                         snprintf(obuf, sizeof(obuf), "%s:%d", fbuf,
344                             buf[i].ktr_line);
345                         fprintf(out, "%-40s ", obuf);
346                 }
347                 if (hflag)
348                         fprintf(out, "%p ", buf[i].ktr_thread);
349                 fprintf(out, desc, parms[0], parms[1], parms[2], parms[3],
350                     parms[4], parms[5]);
351                 fprintf(out, "\n");
352                 if (!iflag) {
353                         /*
354                          * 'index' and 'index2' are the values of 'ktr_idx'
355                          * before and after the KTR buffer was copied into
356                          * 'buf'. Since the KTR entries between 'index' and
357                          * 'index2' were in flux while the KTR buffer was
358                          * being copied to userspace we don't dump them.
359                          */
360                         if (lflag) {
361                                 if (++i == entries)
362                                         i = 0;
363                                 if (i == index)
364                                         break;
365                         } else {
366                                 if (i == index2)
367                                         break;
368                                 if (--i < 0)
369                                         i = entries - 1;
370                         }
371                 } else {
372                         if (++i == entries)
373                                 break;
374                 }
375         }
376
377         /*
378          * In "live" mode, poll 'ktr_idx' periodically and dump any
379          * new entries since our last pass through the ring.
380          */
381         if (lflag && !iflag) {
382                 while (index == index2) {
383                         usleep(50 * 1000);
384                         if (kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2,
385                             sizeof(index2)) == -1)
386                                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
387                 }
388                 i = index;
389                 index = index2;
390                 if (kvm_read(kd, bufptr, buf, sizeof(*buf) * entries) == -1 ||
391                     kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2, sizeof(index2)) == -1)
392                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
393                 goto dump_entries;
394         }
395
396         return (0);
397 }
398
399 static void
400 usage(void)
401 {
402
403         fprintf(stderr, USAGE);
404         exit(1);
405 }