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1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2002 Jake Burkholder
5  * Copyright (c) 2004 Robert Watson
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
33 #include <sys/ktr.h>
34 #include <sys/mman.h>
35 #include <sys/stat.h>
36
37 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <errno.h>
40 #include <fcntl.h>
41 #include <kvm.h>
42 #include <limits.h>
43 #include <nlist.h>
44 #include <stdint.h>
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 #include <string.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49
50 #define SBUFLEN 128
51 #define USAGE \
52         "usage: ktrdump [-cflqrtH] [-i ktrfile] [-M core] [-N system] [-o outfile]\n"
53
54 static void usage(void) __dead2;
55
56 static struct nlist nl[] = {
57         { .n_name = "_ktr_version" },
58         { .n_name = "_ktr_entries" },
59         { .n_name = "_ktr_idx" },
60         { .n_name = "_ktr_buf" },
61         { .n_name = NULL }
62 };
63
64 static int cflag;
65 static int fflag;
66 static int lflag;
67 static int Mflag;
68 static int Nflag;
69 static int qflag;
70 static int rflag;
71 static int tflag;
72 static int iflag;
73 static int hflag;
74
75 static char corefile[PATH_MAX];
76 static char execfile[PATH_MAX];
77 static char outfile[PATH_MAX] = "stdout";
78
79 static char desc[SBUFLEN];
80 static char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
81 static char fbuf[PATH_MAX];
82 static char obuf[PATH_MAX];
83 static char sbuf[KTR_PARMS][SBUFLEN];
84
85 /*
86  * Reads the ktr trace buffer from kernel memory and prints the trace entries.
87  */
88 int
89 main(int ac, char **av)
90 {
91         u_long parms[KTR_PARMS];
92         struct ktr_entry *buf;
93         uintmax_t tlast, tnow;
94         unsigned long bufptr;
95         cap_rights_t rights;
96         struct stat sb;
97         kvm_t *kd;
98         FILE *out;
99         char *p;
100         int version;
101         int entries;
102         int count;
103         int index, index2;
104         int parm;
105         int in;
106         int c;
107         int i = 0;
108
109         /*
110          * Parse commandline arguments.
111          */
112         out = stdout;
113         while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "cflqrtHe:i:m:M:N:o:")) != -1)
114                 switch (c) {
115                 case 'c':
116                         cflag = 1;
117                         break;
118                 case 'N':
119                 case 'e':
120                         if (strlcpy(execfile, optarg, sizeof(execfile))
121                             >= sizeof(execfile))
122                                 errx(1, "%s: File name too long", optarg);
123                         Nflag = 1;
124                         break;
125                 case 'f':
126                         fflag = 1;
127                         break;
128                 case 'i':
129                         iflag = 1;
130                         if ((in = open(optarg, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
131                                 err(1, "%s", optarg);
132                         cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_FSTAT, CAP_MMAP_R);
133                         if (caph_rights_limit(in, &rights) < 0)
134                                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for %s",
135                                     optarg);
136                         break;
137                 case 'l':
138                         lflag = 1;
139                         break;
140                 case 'M':
141                 case 'm':
142                         if (strlcpy(corefile, optarg, sizeof(corefile))
143                             >= sizeof(corefile))
144                                 errx(1, "%s: File name too long", optarg);
145                         Mflag = 1;
146                         break;
147                 case 'o':
148                         if ((out = fopen(optarg, "w")) == NULL)
149                                 err(1, "%s", optarg);
150                         strlcpy(outfile, optarg, sizeof(outfile));
151                         break;
152                 case 'q':
153                         qflag++;
154                         break;
155                 case 'r':
156                         rflag = 1;
157                         break;
158                 case 't':
159                         tflag = 1;
160                         break;
161                 case 'H':
162                         hflag = 1;
163                         break;
164                 case '?':
165                 default:
166                         usage();
167                 }
168         ac -= optind;
169         av += optind;
170         if (ac != 0)
171                 usage();
172
173         if (caph_limit_stream(fileno(out), CAPH_WRITE) < 0)
174                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for %s", outfile);
175         if (caph_limit_stderr() < 0)
176                 err(1, "unable to limit rights for stderr");
177
178         /*
179          * Open our execfile and corefile, resolve needed symbols and read in
180          * the trace buffer.
181          */
182         if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(Nflag ? execfile : NULL,
183             Mflag ? corefile : NULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
184                 errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
185
186         /*
187          * Cache NLS data, for strerror, for err(3), before entering capability
188          * mode.
189          */
190         caph_cache_catpages();
191
192         count = kvm_nlist(kd, nl);
193         if (count == -1)
194                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
195         if (count > 0)
196                 errx(1, "failed to resolve ktr symbols");
197         if (kvm_read(kd, nl[0].n_value, &version, sizeof(version)) == -1)
198                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
199         if (version != KTR_VERSION)
200                 errx(1, "ktr version mismatch");
201
202         /*
203          * Enter Capsicum sandbox.
204          *
205          * kvm_nlist() above uses kldsym(2) for native kernels, and that isn't
206          * allowed in the sandbox.
207          */
208         if (caph_enter() < 0)
209                 err(1, "unable to enter capability mode");
210
211         if (iflag) {
212                 if (fstat(in, &sb) == -1)
213                         errx(1, "stat");
214                 entries = sb.st_size / sizeof(*buf);
215                 index = 0;
216                 buf = mmap(NULL, sb.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, in, 0);
217                 if (buf == MAP_FAILED)
218                         errx(1, "mmap");
219         } else {
220                 if (kvm_read(kd, nl[1].n_value, &entries, sizeof(entries))
221                     == -1)
222                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
223                 if ((buf = malloc(sizeof(*buf) * entries)) == NULL)
224                         err(1, NULL);
225                 if (kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index, sizeof(index)) == -1 ||
226                     kvm_read(kd, nl[3].n_value, &bufptr,
227                     sizeof(bufptr)) == -1 ||
228                     kvm_read(kd, bufptr, buf, sizeof(*buf) * entries) == -1 ||
229                     kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2, sizeof(index2)) == -1)
230                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
231         }
232
233         /*
234          * Print a nice header.
235          */
236         if (!qflag) {
237                 fprintf(out, "%-6s ", "index");
238                 if (cflag)
239                         fprintf(out, "%-3s ", "cpu");
240                 if (tflag)
241                         fprintf(out, "%-16s ", "timestamp");
242                 if (fflag)
243                         fprintf(out, "%-40s ", "file and line");
244                 if (hflag)
245                         fprintf(out, "%-18s ", "tid");
246                 fprintf(out, "%s", "trace");
247                 fprintf(out, "\n");
248
249                 fprintf(out, "------ ");
250                 if (cflag)
251                         fprintf(out, "--- ");
252                 if (tflag)
253                         fprintf(out, "---------------- ");
254                 if (fflag)
255                         fprintf(out,
256                             "---------------------------------------- ");
257                 if (hflag)
258                         fprintf(out, "------------------ ");
259                 fprintf(out, "----- ");
260                 fprintf(out, "\n");
261         }
262
263         tlast = UINTPTR_MAX;
264         /*
265          * Now tear through the trace buffer.
266          *
267          * In "live" mode, find the oldest entry (first non-NULL entry
268          * after index2) and walk forward.  Otherwise, start with the
269          * most recent entry and walk backwards.
270          */
271         if (!iflag) {
272                 if (lflag) {
273                         i = index2 + 1 % entries;
274                         while (buf[i].ktr_desc == NULL && i != index) {
275                                 i++;
276                                 if (i == entries)
277                                         i = 0;
278                         }
279                 } else {
280                         i = index - 1;
281                         if (i < 0)
282                                 i = entries - 1;
283                 }
284         }
285 dump_entries:
286         for (;;) {
287                 if (buf[i].ktr_desc == NULL)
288                         break;
289                 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_desc, desc,
290                     sizeof(desc)) == -1)
291                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
292                 desc[sizeof(desc) - 1] = '\0';
293                 parm = 0;
294                 for (p = desc; (c = *p++) != '\0';) {
295                         if (c != '%')
296                                 continue;
297 next:                   if ((c = *p++) == '\0')
298                                 break;
299                         if (c == '%')
300                                 continue;
301                         if (parm == KTR_PARMS)
302                                 errx(1, "too many parameters in \"%s\"", desc);
303                         switch (c) {
304                         case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
305                         case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
306                         case '#': case '-': case ' ': case '+': case '\'':
307                         case 'h': case 'l': case 'j': case 't': case 'z':
308                         case 'q': case 'L': case '.':
309                                 goto next;
310                         case 's':
311                                 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_parms[parm],
312                                     sbuf[parm], sizeof(sbuf[parm])) == -1)
313                                         strcpy(sbuf[parm], "(null)");
314                                 sbuf[parm][sizeof(sbuf[0]) - 1] = '\0';
315                                 parms[parm] = (u_long)sbuf[parm];
316                                 parm++;
317                                 break;
318                         default:
319                                 parms[parm] = buf[i].ktr_parms[parm];
320                                 parm++;
321                                 break;
322                         }
323                 }
324                 fprintf(out, "%6d ", i);
325                 if (cflag)
326                         fprintf(out, "%3d ", buf[i].ktr_cpu);
327                 if (tflag) {
328                         tnow = (uintmax_t)buf[i].ktr_timestamp;
329                         if (rflag) {
330                                 if (tlast == UINTPTR_MAX)
331                                         tlast = tnow;
332                                 fprintf(out, "%16ju ", !iflag ? tlast - tnow :
333                                     tnow - tlast);
334                                 tlast = tnow;
335                         } else
336                                 fprintf(out, "%16ju ", tnow);
337                 }
338                 if (fflag) {
339                         if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)buf[i].ktr_file, fbuf,
340                             sizeof(fbuf)) == -1)
341                                 strcpy(fbuf, "(null)");
342                         snprintf(obuf, sizeof(obuf), "%s:%d", fbuf,
343                             buf[i].ktr_line);
344                         fprintf(out, "%-40s ", obuf);
345                 }
346                 if (hflag)
347                         fprintf(out, "%p ", buf[i].ktr_thread);
348                 fprintf(out, desc, parms[0], parms[1], parms[2], parms[3],
349                     parms[4], parms[5]);
350                 fprintf(out, "\n");
351                 if (!iflag) {
352                         /*
353                          * 'index' and 'index2' are the values of 'ktr_idx'
354                          * before and after the KTR buffer was copied into
355                          * 'buf'. Since the KTR entries between 'index' and
356                          * 'index2' were in flux while the KTR buffer was
357                          * being copied to userspace we don't dump them.
358                          */
359                         if (lflag) {
360                                 if (++i == entries)
361                                         i = 0;
362                                 if (i == index)
363                                         break;
364                         } else {
365                                 if (i == index2)
366                                         break;
367                                 if (--i < 0)
368                                         i = entries - 1;
369                         }
370                 } else {
371                         if (++i == entries)
372                                 break;
373                 }
374         }
375
376         /*
377          * In "live" mode, poll 'ktr_idx' periodically and dump any
378          * new entries since our last pass through the ring.
379          */
380         if (lflag && !iflag) {
381                 while (index == index2) {
382                         usleep(50 * 1000);
383                         if (kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2,
384                             sizeof(index2)) == -1)
385                                 errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
386                 }
387                 i = index;
388                 index = index2;
389                 if (kvm_read(kd, bufptr, buf, sizeof(*buf) * entries) == -1 ||
390                     kvm_read(kd, nl[2].n_value, &index2, sizeof(index2)) == -1)
391                         errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
392                 goto dump_entries;
393         }
394
395         return (0);
396 }
397
398 static void
399 usage(void)
400 {
401
402         fprintf(stderr, USAGE);
403         exit(1);
404 }