1 .\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
2 .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
13 .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
14 .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
15 .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
16 .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17 .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18 .\" without specific prior written permission.
20 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23 .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24 .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25 .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26 .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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29 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32 .\" @(#)make.1 8.8 (Berkeley) 6/13/95
40 .Nd maintain program dependencies
55 .Op Fl x Ar warning_options
56 .Op Ar variable Ns No = Ns Ar value
61 utility is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other programs.
62 Its input is a list of specifications
63 describing dependency relationships between the generation of
70 that can be found in either the current directory or a special object directory
73 will be read for this list of specifications.
76 can be found, it is also read (see
79 This manual page is intended as a reference document only.
80 For a more thorough introduction to
82 and makefiles, please refer to
83 .%T "Make \- A Tutorial" .
85 The options are as follows:
88 Make archive errors non-fatal, causing
90 to just skip the remainder
91 or all of the archive and continue after printing a message.
93 Try to be backwards compatible by executing a single shell per command and
94 by executing the commands to make the sources of a dependency line in sequence.
95 This is turned on by default unless
101 before reading the makefiles or doing anything else.
104 options are specified, each is interpreted relative to the previous one:
105 .Fl C Pa / Fl C Pa etc
111 to be 1, in the global context.
113 Turn on debugging, and specify which portions of
115 are to print debugging information.
118 is one or more of the following:
121 Print all possible debugging information;
122 equivalent to specifying all of the debugging flags.
124 Print debugging information about archive searching and caching.
126 Print debugging information about conditional evaluation.
128 Print debugging information about directory searching and caching.
130 Print debugging information about the execution of for loops.
132 Print the input graph before making anything.
134 Print the input graph after making everything, or before exiting
137 Print debugging information about running multiple shells.
139 Print commands in Makefiles regardless of whether or not they are prefixed
140 by @ or other "quiet" flags.
141 Also known as "loud" behavior.
143 Print debugging information about making targets, including modification
146 Print debugging information about suffix-transformation rules.
148 Print debugging information about target list maintenance.
150 Print debugging information about variable assignment.
153 Specify a variable whose environment value (if any) will override
154 macro assignments within makefiles.
156 Specify that environment values override macro assignments within
157 makefiles for all variables.
159 Specify a makefile to read instead of the default
167 standard input is read.
168 Multiple makefiles may be specified, and are read in the order specified.
169 .It Fl I Ar directory
170 Specify a directory in which to search for makefiles and included makefiles.
171 The system makefile directory (or directories, see the
173 option) is automatically included as part of this list.
175 Ignore non-zero exit of shell commands in the makefile.
176 Equivalent to specifying
178 before each command line in the makefile.
180 Specify the maximum number of jobs that
182 may have running at any one time.
183 Turns compatibility mode off, unless the
185 flag is also specified.
187 Continue processing after errors are encountered, but only on those targets
188 that do not depend on the target whose creation caused the error.
189 .It Fl m Ar directory
190 Specify a directory in which to search for
192 and makefiles included via the <...> style.
193 Multiple directories can be added to form a search path.
194 This path will override the default system include path:
196 Furthermore, the system include path will be appended to the search path used
197 for "..."-style inclusions (see the
201 Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually
204 Collate the output of a given job and display it only when the job finishes,
205 instead of mixing the output of parallel jobs together.
206 This option has no effect unless
210 Do not execute any commands, but exit 0 if the specified targets are
211 up-to-date and 1, otherwise.
213 Do not use the built-in rules specified in the system makefile.
215 Stop processing when an error is encountered.
217 This is needed to negate the
219 option during recursive builds.
221 Do not echo any commands as they are executed.
222 Equivalent to specifying
224 before each command line in the makefile.
226 Rather than re-building a target as specified in the makefile, create it
227 or update its modification time to make it appear up-to-date.
233 in the global context.
234 Do not build any targets.
235 Multiple instances of this option may be specified;
236 the variables will be printed one per line,
237 with a blank line for each null or undefined variable.
240 For multi-job makes, this will cause file banners to be generated.
244 option to print the values of variables,
245 do not recursively expand the values.
246 .It Ar variable Ns No = Ns Ar value
247 Set the value of the variable
251 .It Fl x Ar warning_options
252 Specify extended warning options.
253 This option may be specified several times.
258 in which case the warning is switched off.
259 The currently available options are:
260 .Bl -tag -width indent
262 Warn if anything except blanks and comments follows an
274 There are seven different types of lines in a makefile: file dependency
275 specifications, shell commands, variable assignments, include statements,
276 conditional directives, for loops, and comments.
278 In general, lines may be continued from one line to the next by ending
279 them with a backslash
281 The trailing newline character and initial whitespace on the following
282 line are compressed into a single space.
283 .Sh FILE DEPENDENCY SPECIFICATIONS
284 Dependency lines consist of one or more targets, an operator, and zero
286 This creates a relationship where the targets
289 and are usually created from them.
290 The exact relationship between the target and the source is determined
291 by the operator that separates them.
292 The three operators are as follows:
295 A target is considered out-of-date if its modification time is less than
296 those of any of its sources.
297 Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
299 The target is removed if
303 Targets are always re-created, but not until all sources have been
304 examined and re-created as necessary.
305 Sources for a target accumulate over dependency lines when this operator
307 The target is removed if
311 If no sources are specified, the target is always re-created.
312 Otherwise, a target is considered out-of-date if any of its sources has
313 been modified more recently than the target.
314 Sources for a target do not accumulate over dependency lines when this
316 The target will not be removed if
321 Targets and sources may contain the shell wildcard expressions
332 may only be used as part of the final
333 component of the target or source, and must be used to describe existing
337 need not necessarily be used to describe existing files.
338 Expansion is in directory order, not alphabetically as done in the shell.
340 Each target may have associated with it a series of shell commands, normally
341 used to create the target.
342 Each of the commands in this script
344 be preceded by a tab.
345 While any target may appear on a dependency line, only one of these
346 dependencies may be followed by a creation script, unless the
350 If the first characters of the command line are
355 the command is treated specially.
358 causes the command not to be echoed before it is executed.
361 causes any non-zero exit status of the command line to be ignored.
364 causes the command to be executed even if
366 is specified on the command line.
367 .Sh VARIABLE ASSIGNMENTS
370 are much like variables in the shell, and, by tradition,
371 consist of all upper-case letters.
372 The five operators that can be used to assign values to variables are as
376 Assign the value to the variable.
377 Any previous value is overridden.
379 Append the value to the current value of the variable.
381 Assign the value to the variable if it is not already defined.
383 Assign with expansion, i.e., expand the value before assigning it
385 Normally, expansion is not done until the variable is referenced.
387 Expand the value and pass it to the shell for execution and assign
388 the result to the variable.
389 Any newlines in the result are replaced with spaces.
392 Any whitespace before the assigned
394 is removed; if the value is being appended, a single space is inserted
395 between the previous contents of the variable and the appended value.
397 Variables are expanded by surrounding the variable name with either
402 and preceding it with
405 If the variable name contains only a single letter, the surrounding
406 braces or parentheses are not required.
407 This shorter form is not recommended.
409 Variable substitution occurs at two distinct times, depending on where
410 the variable is being used.
411 Variables in dependency lines are expanded as the line is read.
412 Variables in shell commands are expanded when the shell command is
415 The four different classes of variables (in order of increasing precedence)
418 .It Environment variables
419 Variables defined as part of
423 Variables defined in the makefile or in included makefiles.
424 .It Command line variables
425 Variables defined as part of the command line and variables
428 environment variable or the
432 Variables that are defined specific to a certain target.
433 The seven local variables are as follows:
434 .Bl -tag -width ".ARCHIVE"
436 The list of all sources for this target; also known as
439 The name of the archive file; also known as
442 The name/path of the source from which the target is to be transformed
445 source); also known as
448 The name of the archive member; also known as
451 The list of sources for this target that were deemed out-of-date; also
455 The file prefix of the file, containing only the file portion, no suffix
456 or preceding directory components; also known as
459 The name of the target; also known as
472 are permitted for backward
473 compatibility and are not recommended.
483 permitted for compatibility with
485 makefiles and are not recommended.
487 Four of the local variables may be used in sources on dependency lines
488 because they expand to the proper value for each target on the line.
499 sets or knows about the following internal variables or environment
501 .Bl -tag -width ".Va .MAKEFILE_LIST"
507 expands to a single dollar
513 .Pq Va argv Ns Op 0 .
515 A path to the directory where
522 to the canonical path given by
525 A path to the directory where the targets are built.
528 searches for an alternate directory to place target files.
529 It will attempt to change into this special directory
530 and will search this directory for makefiles
531 not found in the current directory.
532 The following directories are tried in order:
536 ${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}/`pwd`
547 The first directory that
549 successfully changes into is used.
554 is set in the environment but
556 is unable to change into the corresponding directory,
557 then the current directory is used
558 without checking the remainder of the list.
559 If they are undefined and
561 is unable to change into any of the remaining three directories,
562 then the current directory is used.
567 must be environment variables and should not be set on
575 to the canonical path given by
577 .It Va .MAKEFILE_LIST
580 reads various makefiles, including the default files and any
581 obtained from the command line and
583 directives, their names will be automatically appended to the
586 They are added right before
588 begins to parse them, so that the name of the current makefile is the
589 last word in this variable.
591 The environment variable
593 may contain anything that
597 Its contents are stored in
601 All options and variable assignments specified on
603 command line are appended to the
605 variable which is then
606 entered into the environment as
608 for all programs which
611 By modifying the contents of the
613 variable, makefile can alter the contents of the
615 environment variable made available for all programs which
617 executes; compare with the
619 special target below.
621 When passing macro definitions and flag arguments in the
623 environment variable,
624 space and tab characters are quoted by preceding them with a backslash.
627 variable from the environment,
628 all sequences of a backslash and one of space or tab
629 are replaced just with their second character
630 without causing a word break.
631 Any other occurrences of a backslash are retained.
632 Groups of unquoted space, tab and newline characters cause word
635 This variable is provided for backward compatibility and
636 contains all the options from the
638 environment variable plus any options specified on
644 is currently building.
654 Name of the machine architecture
656 is running on, obtained from the
658 environment variable, or through
662 Name of the machine architecture
664 was compiled for, defined at compilation time.
666 Makefiles may assign a colon-delimited list of directories to
668 These directories will be searched for source files by
670 after it has finished parsing all input makefiles.
673 Variable expansion may be modified to select or modify each word of the
676 is whitespace-delimited sequence of characters).
677 The general format of a variable expansion is as follows:
679 .Dl {variable[:modifier[:...]]}
681 Each modifier begins with a colon and one of the following
683 The colon may be escaped with a backslash
687 .It Cm C No \&/ Ar pattern Xo
688 .No \&/ Ar replacement
692 Modify each word of the value,
693 substituting every match of the extended regular expression
701 Normally, the first occurrence of the pattern in
702 each word of the value is changed.
705 modifier causes the substitution to apply to at most one word; the
707 modifier causes the substitution to apply to as many instances of the
708 search pattern as occur in the word or words it is found in.
713 are orthogonal; the former specifies whether multiple words are
714 potentially affected, the latter whether multiple substitutions can
715 potentially occur within each affected word.
717 Replaces each word in the variable with its suffix.
719 Replaces each word in the variable with everything but the last component.
721 Converts variable to lower-case letters.
722 .It Cm M Ns Ar pattern
723 Select only those words that match the rest of the modifier.
724 The standard shell wildcard characters
731 The wildcard characters may be escaped with a backslash
733 .It Cm N Ns Ar pattern
736 but selects all words which do not match
737 the rest of the modifier.
739 Order every word in the variable alphabetically.
741 Quotes every shell meta-character in the variable, so that it can be passed
742 safely through recursive invocations of
745 Replaces each word in the variable with everything but its suffix.
747 .It Cm S No \&/ Ar old_string Xo
748 .No \&/ Ar new_string
752 Modify the first occurrence of
754 in each word of the variable's value, replacing it with
758 is appended to the last slash of the pattern, all occurrences
759 in each word are replaced.
765 is anchored at the beginning of each word.
768 ends with a dollar sign
770 it is anchored at the end of each word.
777 Any character may be used as a delimiter for the parts of the modifier
779 The anchoring, ampersand, and delimiter characters may be escaped with a
783 Variable expansion occurs in the normal fashion inside both
787 with the single exception that a backslash is used to prevent the expansion
790 not a preceding dollar sign as is usual.
791 .It Ar old_string=new_string
794 style variable substitution.
795 It must be the last modifier specified.
800 do not contain the pattern matching character
802 then it is assumed that they are
803 anchored at the end of each word, so only suffixes or entire
804 words may be replaced.
812 Replaces each word in the variable with its last component.
814 Converts variable to upper-case letters.
816 .Sh DIRECTIVES, CONDITIONALS, AND FOR LOOPS
817 Directives, conditionals, and for loops reminiscent
818 of the C programming language are provided in
820 All such structures are identified by a line beginning with a single
824 The following directives are supported:
826 .It Ic \&.include Ar <file>
827 .It Ic \&.include Ar \*qfile\*q
828 Include the specified makefile.
829 Variables between the angle brackets
830 or double quotes are expanded to form the file name.
832 are used, the included makefile is expected to be in the system
834 If double quotes are used, the including
835 makefile's directory and any directories specified using the
837 option are searched before the system
839 .It Ic .undef Ar variable
840 Un-define the specified global variable.
841 Only global variables may be un-defined.
842 .It Ic .error Ar message
843 Terminate processing of the makefile immediately.
845 makefile, the line on which the error was encountered and the specified
846 message are printed to the standard error output and
848 terminates with exit code 1.
849 Variables in the message are expanded.
850 .It Ic .warning Ar message
851 Emit a warning message.
852 The filename of the makefile,
853 the line on which the warning was encountered,
854 and the specified message are printed to the standard error output.
855 Variables in the message are expanded.
858 Conditionals are used to determine which parts of the Makefile
860 They are used similarly to the conditionals supported
861 by the C pre-processor.
862 The following conditionals are supported:
866 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar expression
867 .Op Ar operator expression ...
869 Test the value of an expression.
872 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
873 .Op Ar operator variable ...
875 Test the value of a variable.
878 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
879 .Op Ar operator variable ...
881 Test the value of a variable.
884 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
885 .Op Ar operator target ...
887 Test the target being built.
890 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
891 .Op Ar operator target ...
893 Test the target being built.
895 Reverse the sense of the last conditional.
898 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar expression
899 .Op Ar operator expression ...
907 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
908 .Op Ar operator variable ...
916 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar variable
917 .Op Ar operator variable ...
925 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
926 .Op Ar operator target ...
934 .Oo \&! Oc Ns Ar target
935 .Op Ar operator target ...
942 End the body of the conditional.
947 may be any one of the following:
948 .Bl -tag -width "Cm XX"
955 of higher precedence than
961 will only evaluate a conditional as far as is necessary to determine
963 Parentheses may be used to change the order of evaluation.
966 may be used to logically negate an entire
968 It is of higher precedence than
973 may be any of the following:
976 Takes a variable name as an argument and evaluates to true if the variable
979 Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
980 was specified as part of
982 command line or was declared the default target (either implicitly or
985 before the line containing the conditional.
987 Takes a variable, with possible modifiers, and evaluates to true if
988 the expansion of the variable would result in an empty string.
990 Takes a file name as an argument and evaluates to true if the file exists.
991 The file is searched for on the system search path (see
994 Takes a target name as an argument and evaluates to true if the target
1000 may also be an arithmetic or string comparison, with the left-hand side
1001 being a variable expansion.
1002 Variable expansion is
1003 performed on both sides of the comparison, after which the integral
1004 values are compared.
1005 A value is interpreted as hexadecimal if it is
1006 preceded by 0x, otherwise it is decimal; octal numbers are not supported.
1007 The standard C relational operators are all supported.
1009 variable expansion, either the left or right hand side of a
1013 operator is not an integral value, then
1014 string comparison is performed between the expanded
1016 If no relational operator is given, it is assumed that the expanded
1017 variable is being compared against 0.
1021 is evaluating one of these conditional expressions, and it encounters
1022 a word it does not recognize, either the
1026 expression is applied to it, depending on the form of the conditional.
1034 expression is applied.
1035 Similarly, if the form is
1041 expression is applied.
1043 If the conditional evaluates to true the parsing of the makefile continues
1045 If it evaluates to false, the following lines are skipped.
1046 In both cases this continues until a
1052 For loops are typically used to apply a set of rules to a list of files.
1053 The syntax of a for loop is:
1055 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
1056 .It Ic .for Ar variable Ic in Ar expression
1063 is evaluated, it is split into words.
1067 is successively set to each word, and substituted in the
1069 inside the body of the for loop.
1071 Comments begin with a hash
1073 character, anywhere but in a shell
1074 command line, and continue to the end of the line.
1078 Ignore any errors from the commands associated with this target, exactly
1079 as if they all were preceded by a dash
1082 Execute the commands associated with this target even if the
1086 options were specified.
1087 Normally used to mark recursive
1092 selects the first target it encounters as the default target to be built
1093 if no target was specified.
1094 This source prevents this target from being selected.
1096 If a target is marked with this attribute and
1098 cannot figure out how to create it, it will ignore this fact and assume
1099 the file is not needed or already exists.
1103 is interrupted, it removes any partially made targets.
1104 This source prevents the target from being removed.
1106 Do not echo any of the commands associated with this target, exactly
1107 as if they all were preceded by an at sign
1110 Turn the target into
1113 When the target is used as a source for another target, the other target
1114 acquires the commands, sources, and attributes (except for
1118 If the target already has commands, the
1120 target's commands are appended
1125 source is appears in a dependency line, the sources that precede it are
1126 made before the sources that succeed it in the line.
1128 detected and targets that form loops will be silently ignored.
1130 .Sh "SPECIAL TARGETS"
1131 Special targets may not be included with other targets, i.e., they must be
1132 the only target specified.
1135 Any command lines attached to this target are executed before anything
1140 rule for any target (that was used only as a
1143 cannot figure out any other way to create.
1144 Only the shell script is used.
1147 variable of a target that inherits
1150 to the target's own name.
1152 Any command lines attached to this target are executed after everything
1155 Mark each of the sources with the
1158 If no sources are specified, this is the equivalent of specifying the
1162 A list of suffixes that indicate files that can be included in a source
1164 The suffix must have already been declared with
1166 any suffix so declared will have the directories on its search path (see
1170 special variable, each preceded by a
1176 is interrupted, the commands for this target will be executed.
1178 This does for libraries what
1180 does for include files, except that the flag used is
1183 If no target is specified when
1185 is invoked, this target will be built.
1186 This is always set, either
1187 explicitly, or implicitly when
1189 selects the default target, to give the user a way to refer to the default
1190 target on the command line.
1192 This target provides a way to specify flags for
1194 when the makefile is used.
1195 The flags are as if typed to the shell, though the
1201 and variable assignments specified as the source
1202 for this target are also appended to the
1205 Please note the difference between this target and the
1207 internal variable: specifying an option or variable
1208 assignment as the source for this target will affect
1210 the current makefile and all processes that
1214 Same as above, for backward compatibility.
1215 .\" XXX: NOT YET!!!!
1216 .\" .It Ic .NOTPARALLEL
1217 .\" The named targets are executed in non parallel mode. If no targets are
1218 .\" specified, then all targets are executed in non parallel mode.
1220 Disable parallel mode.
1222 Same as above, for compatibility with other
1226 The named targets are made in sequence.
1227 .\" XXX: NOT YET!!!!
1228 .\" .It Ic .PARALLEL
1229 .\" The named targets are executed in parallel mode. If no targets are
1230 .\" specified, then all targets are executed in parallel mode.
1232 The sources are directories which are to be searched for files not
1233 found in the current directory.
1234 If no sources are specified, any previously specified directories are
1236 Where possible, use of
1238 is preferred over use of the
1241 .It Ic .PATH\fIsuffix\fR
1242 The sources are directories which are to be searched for suffixed files
1243 not found in the current directory.
1247 first searches the suffixed search path, before reverting to the default
1248 path if the file is not found there.
1249 This form is required for
1257 attribute to any specified sources.
1258 Targets with this attribute are always
1259 considered to be out of date.
1263 attribute to any specified sources.
1264 If no sources are specified, the
1266 attribute is applied to every
1269 Select another shell.
1270 The sources of this target have the format
1271 .Ar key Ns = Ns Ar value .
1275 .Bl -tag -width ".Va hasErrCtl"
1277 Specify the path to the new shell.
1279 Specify the name of the new shell.
1280 This may be either one of the three builtin shells (see below) or any
1283 Specify the shell command to turn echoing off.
1285 Specify the shell command to turn echoing on.
1287 Usually shells print the echo off command before turning echoing off.
1288 This is the exact string that will be printed by the shell and is used
1289 to filter the shell output to remove the echo off command.
1291 The shell option that turns echoing on.
1293 The shell option to turn on error checking.
1294 If error checking is on, the shell should exit if a command returns
1297 True if the shell has error control.
1301 is true then this is the shell command to turn error checking on.
1304 is false then this is a command template to echo commands for which error
1305 checking is disabled.
1306 The template must contain a
1311 is true, this is the shell command to turn error checking off.
1314 is false, this is a command template to execute a command so that errors
1316 The template must contain a
1319 This is a string of meta characters of the shell.
1321 This is a string holding all the shell's builtin commands separated by blanks.
1326 strings are used in compat mode.
1327 When a command line contains neither a meta
1328 character nor starts with a shell builtin, it is executed directly without
1330 When one of these strings (or both) is empty all commands are executed
1335 environment variable before executing any command.
1336 This is useful for the Korn-shell
1340 Values that are strings must be surrounded by double quotes.
1341 Boolean values are specified as
1345 (in either case) to mean true.
1346 Any other value is taken to mean false.
1348 There are several uses of the
1353 Selecting one of the builtin shells.
1354 This is done by just specifying the name of the shell with the
1357 It is also possible to modify the parameters of the builtin shell by just
1358 specifying other keywords (except for
1361 Using another executable for one of the builtin shells.
1362 This is done by specifying the path to the executable with the
1365 If the last component is the same as the name of the builtin shell, no
1366 name needs to be specified; if it is different, the name must be given:
1367 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1368 \&.SHELL: path="/usr/local/bin/sh"
1371 selects the builtin shell
1373 but will execute it from
1374 .Pa /usr/local/bin/sh .
1375 Like in the previous case, it is possible to modify parameters of the builtin
1376 shell by just specifying them.
1378 Using an entirely different shell.
1379 This is done by specifying all keywords.
1382 The builtin shells are
1393 it is unwise to specify
1394 .Va name Ns = Ns Qq Li ksh
1395 without also specifying a path.
1399 attribute to any specified sources.
1400 If no sources are specified, the
1402 attribute is applied to every
1403 command in the file.
1405 Each source specifies a suffix to
1407 If no sources are specified, any previous specified suffices are deleted.
1409 Each source specifies a warning flag as previously described for the
1411 command line option.
1412 Warning flags specified on the command line take precedence over flags
1413 specified in the makefile.
1414 Also, command line warning flags are pushed to sub-makes through the
1416 environment variables so that a warning flag specified on the command
1417 line will influence all sub-makes.
1418 Several flags can be specified on a single
1420 target by seperating them with blanks.
1425 utility uses the following environment variables, if they exist:
1431 .Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX .
1433 .Bl -tag -width /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make -compact
1435 list of dependencies
1437 list of dependencies
1439 list of dependencies
1443 system makefile (processed before any other file, including
1447 .It Pa /usr/share/mk
1448 system makefile directory
1449 .It /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make
1453 .Ev MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1457 List all included makefiles in order visited:
1459 .Dl "make -V .MAKEFILE_LIST | tr \e\ \e\en"
1467 This was removed for POSIX compatibility.
1468 The internal variable
1470 is set to the same value as
1472 support for this may be removed in the future.
1474 Most of the more esoteric features of
1476 should probably be avoided for greater compatibility.
1481 .%T "PMake - A Tutorial"
1484 .Pa /usr/share/doc/psd/12.make
1488 command appeared in PWB UNIX.
1490 The determination of
1492 is contorted to the point of absurdity.
1494 In the presence of several
1498 silently ignores all but the first.
1501 is not set to the default target when
1503 is invoked without a target name and no
1505 special target exists.
1509 in a test is very simple-minded.
1510 Currently, the only form that works is
1511 .Ql .if ${VAR} op something
1512 For instance, you should write tests as
1513 .Ql .if ${VAR} == "string"
1514 not the other way around, which would give you an error.
1516 For loops are expanded before tests, so a fragment such as:
1517 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1518 \&.for ARCH in ${SHARED_ARCHS}
1519 \&.if ${ARCH} == ${MACHINE}
1525 will not work, and should be rewritten as:
1526 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1527 \&.for ARCH in ${SHARED_ARCHS}
1528 \&.if ${MACHINE} == ${ARCH}
1534 The parsing code is broken with respect to handling a semicolon
1535 after a colon, so a fragment like this will fail:
1536 .Bd -literal -offset indent
1540 \&.for h in ${HDRS:S;^;${.CURDIR}/;}
1545 A trailing backslash in a variable value defined on the command line causes
1546 the delimiting space in the
1548 environment variable to be preceeded by that backslash.
1549 That causes a submake to not treat that space as a word delimiter.
1550 Fixing this requires a larger rewrite of the code handling command line
1551 macros and assignments to
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob