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28 .\" @(#)systat.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
36 .Nd display system statistics
40 .Op Ar display-commands
41 .Op Ar refresh-interval
45 utility displays various system statistics in a screen oriented fashion
46 using the curses screen display library,
51 is running the screen is usually divided into two windows (an exception
52 is the vmstat display which uses the entire screen).
54 upper window depicts the current system load average.
56 information displayed in the lower window may vary, depending on
58 The last line on the screen is reserved for user
59 input and error messages.
63 displays the processes getting the largest percentage of the processor
65 Other displays show swap space usage, disk
69 virtual memory statistics (a la
73 and network connections (a la
76 Input is interpreted at two different levels.
77 A ``global'' command interpreter processes all keyboard input.
78 If this command interpreter fails to recognize a command, the
79 input line is passed to a per-display command interpreter.
81 allows each display to have certain display-specific commands.
84 .Bl -tag -width "refresh_interval"
103 These displays can also be requested interactively (without the
107 .It Ar refresh-interval
110 specifies the screen refresh time interval in seconds.
111 Time interval can be fractional.
112 .It Ar display-commands
113 A list of commands specific for this display. These commands can also
114 be entered interactively and are described for each display separately
115 below. If the command of the display requires an argument or arguments,
116 it is possible to specify them as separate command line argument. To finish
117 display commands it is possible to use double dash at the end
118 of the list. For example:
120 .Dl Nm Fl ifstat Fl match Ar bge0,em1 Fl pps
122 This will display statistics of packets per second for network interfaces
123 named as bge0 and em1.
125 .Dl Nm Fl iostat Fl numeric Fl - Ar 2.1
127 This will display all IO statistics in a numeric format and the information
128 will be refreshed each 2.1 seconds.
131 Certain characters cause immediate action by
138 Print the name of the current ``display'' being shown in
139 the lower window and the refresh interval.
141 Move the cursor to the command line and interpret the input
142 line typed as a command.
143 While entering a command the
144 current character erase, word erase, and line kill characters
148 The following commands are interpreted by the ``global''
152 Print the names of the available displays on the command line.
154 Print the load average over the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes
157 Stop refreshing the screen.
162 Start (continue) refreshing the screen.
163 If a second, numeric,
164 argument is provided it is interpreted as a refresh interval
166 Supplying only a number will set the refresh interval to this
171 (This may be abbreviated to
175 The available displays are:
178 Display, in the lower window, those processes resident in main
179 memory and getting the
180 largest portion of the processor (the default display).
181 When less than 100% of the
182 processor is scheduled to user processes, the remaining time
183 is accounted to the ``idle'' process.
185 Display, in the lower window, statistics about messages received and
186 transmitted by the Internet Control Message Protocol
188 The left half of the screen displays information about received
189 packets, and the right half displays information regarding transmitted
194 display understands two commands:
200 command is used to select one of four display modes, given as its argument:
201 .Bl -tag -width absoluteXX -compact
203 show the rate of change of each value in packets (the default)
206 show the rate of change of each value in packets per refresh interval
208 show the total change of each value since the display was last reset
210 show the absolute value of each statistic
215 command resets the baseline for
220 command with no argument will display the current mode in the command
223 This display is like the
226 but displays statistics for IPv6 ICMP.
228 Otherwise identical to the
230 display, except that it displays
239 except that it displays
251 Display, in the lower window, statistics about processor use
253 Statistics on processor use appear as
254 bar graphs of the amount of time executing in user mode (``user''),
255 in user mode running low priority processes (``nice''), in
256 system mode (``system''), in interrupt mode (``interrupt''),
259 on disk throughput show, for each drive, megabytes per second,
260 average number of disk transactions per second, and
261 average kilobytes of data per transaction.
262 This information may be
263 displayed as bar graphs or as rows of numbers which scroll downward.
265 graphs are shown by default.
267 The following commands are specific to the
269 display; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
271 .Bl -tag -width Fl -compact
275 statistics in numeric form.
277 displayed in numeric columns which scroll downward.
281 statistics in bar graph form (default).
283 Toggle the display of kilobytes per transaction.
285 not display kilobytes per transaction).
288 Show information about swap space usage on all the
289 swap areas compiled into the kernel.
290 The first column is the device name of the partition.
291 The next column is the total space available in the partition.
294 column indicates the total blocks used so far;
295 the graph shows the percentage of space in use on each partition.
296 If there are more than one swap partition in use,
297 a total line is also shown.
298 Areas known to the kernel, but not in use are shown as not available.
300 Take over the entire display and show a (rather crowded) compendium
301 of statistics related to virtual memory usage, process scheduling,
302 device interrupts, system name translation caching, disk
306 The upper left quadrant of the screen shows the number
307 of users logged in and the load average over the last one, five,
308 and fifteen minute intervals.
309 Below this line are statistics on memory utilization.
310 The first row of the table reports memory usage only among
311 active processes, that is processes that have run in the previous
313 The second row reports on memory usage of all processes.
314 The first column reports on the number of kilobytes in physical pages
315 claimed by processes.
316 The second column reports the number of kilobytes in physical pages that
317 are devoted to read only text pages.
318 The third and fourth columns report the same two figures for
319 virtual pages, that is the number of kilobytes in pages that would be
320 needed if all processes had all of their pages.
321 Finally the last column shows the number of kilobytes in physical pages
324 Below the memory display is a list of the
325 average number of processes (over the last refresh interval)
326 that are runnable (`r'), in page wait (`p'),
327 in disk wait other than paging (`d'),
328 sleeping (`s'), and swapped out but desiring to run (`w').
329 The row also shows the average number of context switches
330 (`Csw'), traps (`Trp'; includes page faults), system calls (`Sys'),
331 interrupts (`Int'), network software interrupts (`Sof'), and page
334 Below the process queue length listing is a numerical listing and
335 a bar graph showing the amount of
336 system (shown as `='), interrupt (shown as `+'), user (shown as `>'),
337 nice (shown as `-'), and idle time (shown as ` ').
339 Below the process display are statistics on name translations.
340 It lists the number of names translated in the previous interval,
341 the number and percentage of the translations that were
342 handled by the system wide name translation cache, and
343 the number and percentage of the translations that were
344 handled by the per process name translation cache.
346 To the right of the name translations display are lines showing
347 the number of dirty buffers in the buffer cache (`dtbuf'),
348 desired maximum size of vnode cache (`desvn'),
349 number of vnodes actually allocated (`numvn'),
351 number of allocated vnodes that are free (`frevn').
353 At the bottom left is the disk usage display.
354 It reports the number of
355 kilobytes per transaction, transactions per second, megabytes
356 per second and the percentage of the time the disk was busy averaged
357 over the refresh period of the display (by default, five seconds).
358 The system keeps statistics on most every storage device.
360 to seven devices are displayed.
361 The devices displayed by default are the
362 first devices in the kernel's device list.
367 for details on the devstat system.
369 Under the date in the upper right hand quadrant are statistics
370 on paging and swapping activity.
371 The first two columns report the average number of pages
372 brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
373 due to page faults and the paging daemon.
374 The third and fourth columns report the average number of pages
375 brought in and out per second over the last refresh interval
376 due to swap requests initiated by the scheduler.
377 The first row of the display shows the average
378 number of disk transfers per second over the last refresh interval;
379 the second row of the display shows the average
380 number of pages transferred per second over the last refresh interval.
382 Below the paging statistics is a column of lines regarding the virtual
384 The first few lines describe,
385 in units (except as noted below)
386 of pages per second averaged over the sampling interval,
387 pages copied on write (`cow'),
388 pages zero filled on demand (`zfod'),
389 pages optimally zero filled on demand (`ozfod'),
390 the ratio of the (average) ozfod / zfod as a percentage (`%ozfod'),
391 pages freed by the page daemon (`daefr'),
392 pages freed by exiting processes (`prcfr'),
393 total pages freed (`totfr'),
394 pages reactivated from the free list (`react'),
395 the average number of
396 times per second that the page daemon was awakened (`pdwak'),
397 pages analyzed by the page daemon (`pdpgs'),
399 in-transit blocking page faults (`intrn').
400 Note that the units are special for `%ozfod' and `pdwak'.
401 The next few lines describe,
402 as amounts of memory in kilobytes,
403 pages wired down (`wire'),
404 active pages (`act'),
405 inactive pages (`inact'),
406 pages on the cache queue (`cache'),
409 Note that the values displayed are the current transient ones;
410 they are not averages.
412 At the bottom of this column is a line showing the
413 amount of virtual memory, in kilobytes, mapped into the buffer cache (`buf').
414 This statistic is not useful.
415 It exists only as a placeholder for the corresponding useful statistic
416 (the amount of real memory used to cache disks).
417 The most important component of the latter (the amount of real memory
418 used by the vm system to cache disks) is not available,
419 but can be guessed from the `inact' amount under some system loads.
421 Running down the right hand side of the display is a breakdown
422 of the interrupts being handled by the system.
423 At the top of the list is the total interrupts per second
424 over the time interval.
425 The rest of the column breaks down the total on a device
427 Only devices that have interrupted at least once since boot time are shown.
429 The following commands are specific to the
431 display; the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied.
433 .Bl -tag -width Ar -compact
435 Display cumulative statistics since the system was booted.
437 Display statistics as a running total from the point this
440 Display statistics averaged over the refresh interval (the default).
442 Reset running statistics to zero.
445 Display, in the lower window, network connections.
447 network servers awaiting requests are not displayed.
449 is displayed in the format ``host.port'', with each shown symbolically,
451 It is possible to have addresses displayed numerically,
452 limit the display to a set of ports, hosts, and/or protocols
453 (the minimum unambiguous prefix may be supplied):
455 .Bl -tag -width Ar -compact
457 Toggle the displaying of server processes awaiting requests (this
458 is the equivalent of the
463 Display network addresses numerically.
465 Display network addresses symbolically.
466 .It Cm proto Ar protocol
467 Display only network connections using the indicated
469 Supported protocols are ``tcp'', ``udp'', and ``all''.
470 .It Cm ignore Op Ar items
471 Do not display information about connections associated with
472 the specified hosts or ports.
473 Hosts and ports may be specified
474 by name (``vangogh'', ``ftp''), or numerically.
476 use the Internet dot notation (``128.32.0.9'').
478 may be specified with a single command by separating them with
480 .It Cm display Op Ar items
481 Display information about the connections associated with the
482 specified hosts or ports.
486 may be names or numbers.
487 .It Cm show Op Ar ports\&|hosts
488 Show, on the command line, the currently selected protocols,
490 Hosts and ports which are being ignored
491 are prefixed with a `!'.
496 is supplied as an argument to
498 then only the requested information will be displayed.
500 Reset the port, host, and protocol matching mechanisms to the default
501 (any protocol, port, or host).
504 Display the network traffic going through active interfaces on the
506 Idle interfaces will not be displayed until they receive some
509 For each interface being displayed, the current, peak and total
510 statistics are displayed for incoming and outgoing traffic.
514 display will automatically scale the units being used so that they are
515 in a human-readable format.
516 The scaling units used for the current and
518 traffic columns can be altered by the
521 .Bl -tag -width ".Cm scale Op Ar units"
522 .It Cm scale Op Ar units
523 Modify the scale used to display the current and peak traffic over all
525 The following units are recognised: kbit, kbyte, mbit,
526 mbyte, gbit, gbyte and auto.
528 Show statistics in packets per second instead of bytes/bits per second.
531 switches this mode off.
532 .It Cm match Op Ar patterns
533 Display only interfaces that match pattern provided as an argument.
534 Patterns should be in shell syntax separated by whitespaces or commas.
535 If this command is called without arguments then all interfaces are displayed.
540 This will display em0 and bge1 interfaces.
542 .Dl match em*, bge*, lo0
544 This will display all
548 interfaces and the loopback interface.
552 Commands to switch between displays may be abbreviated to the
553 minimum unambiguous prefix; for example, ``io'' for ``iostat''.
554 Certain information may be discarded when the screen size is
555 insufficient for display.
556 For example, on a machine with 10
559 bar graph displays only 3 drives on a 24 line terminal.
561 a bar graph would overflow the allotted screen space it is
562 truncated and the actual value is printed ``over top'' of the bar.
564 The following commands are common to each display which shows
565 information about disk drives.
566 These commands are used to
567 select a set of drives to report on, should your system have
568 more drives configured than can normally be displayed on the
571 .Bl -tag -width Ar -compact
572 .It Cm ignore Op Ar drives
573 Do not display information about the drives indicated.
575 drives may be specified, separated by spaces.
576 .It Cm display Op Ar drives
577 Display information about the drives indicated.
579 may be specified, separated by spaces.
580 .It Cm only Op Ar drives
581 Display only the specified drives.
582 Multiple drives may be specified,
585 Display a list of available devices.
587 .Ar type , Ns Ar if , Ns Ar pass
590 Display devices matching the given pattern.
592 expressions are the same as those used in
595 Instead of specifying multiple
597 arguments which are then ORed together, the user instead specifies multiple
598 matching expressions joined by the pipe
602 separated arguments within each matching expression are ANDed together, and
603 then the pipe separated matching expressions are ORed together.
605 device matching the combined expression will be displayed, if there is room
609 .Dl match da,scsi | cd,ide
611 This will display all SCSI Direct Access devices and all IDE CDROM devices.
613 .Dl match da | sa | cd,pass
615 This will display all Direct Access devices, all Sequential Access devices,
616 and all passthrough devices that provide access to CDROM drives.
619 .Bl -tag -width /boot/kernel/kernel -compact
620 .It Pa /boot/kernel/kernel
623 For information in main memory.
655 the notion of having different display modes for the
661 statistics was stolen from the
669 Certain displays presume a minimum of 80 characters per line.
672 display looks out of place because it is (it was added in as
673 a separate display rather than created as a new program).
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob