usr.bin/tar/bsdtar.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003-2007 Tim Kientzle
   3  * All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  *
  14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
  15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
  16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
  17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
  19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
  23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include "bsdtar_platform.h"
  27 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  28
  29 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
  30 #include <sys/param.h>
  31 #endif
  32 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
  33 #include <sys/stat.h>
  34 #endif
  35 #ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
  36 #include <errno.h>
  37 #endif
  38 #ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
  39 #include <fcntl.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
  42 #include <getopt.h>
  43 #else
  44 struct option {
  45         const char *name;
  46         int has_arg;
  47         int *flag;
  48         int val;
  49 };
  50 #define no_argument 0
  51 #define required_argument 1
  52 #endif
  53 #ifdef HAVE_LANGINFO_H
  54 #include <langinfo.h>
  55 #endif
  56 #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
  57 #include <locale.h>
  58 #endif
  59 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
  60 #include <paths.h>
  61 #endif
  62 #include <stdio.h>
  63 #ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
  64 #include <stdlib.h>
  65 #endif
  66 #ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
  67 #include <string.h>
  68 #endif
  69 #ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
  70 #include <time.h>
  71 #endif
  72 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  73 #include <unistd.h>
  74 #endif
  75 #if HAVE_ZLIB_H
  76 #include <zlib.h>
  77 #endif
  78
  79 #include "bsdtar.h"
  80
  81 #if !HAVE_DECL_OPTARG
  82 extern int optarg;
  83 #endif
  84
  85 #if !HAVE_DECL_OPTIND
  86 extern int optind;
  87 #endif
  88
  89 /*
  90  * Per POSIX.1-1988, tar defaults to reading/writing archives to/from
  91  * the default tape device for the system.  Pick something reasonable here.
  92  */
  93 #ifdef __linux
  94 #define _PATH_DEFTAPE "/dev/st0"
  95 #endif
  96
  97 #ifndef _PATH_DEFTAPE
  98 #define _PATH_DEFTAPE "/dev/tape"
  99 #endif
 100
 101 /* External function to parse a date/time string (from getdate.y) */
 102 time_t get_date(const char *);
 103
 104 static int               bsdtar_getopt(struct bsdtar *, const char *optstring,
 105     const struct option **poption);
 106 static void              long_help(struct bsdtar *);
 107 static void              only_mode(struct bsdtar *, const char *opt,
 108                              const char *valid);
 109 static char **           rewrite_argv(struct bsdtar *,
 110                              int *argc, char ** src_argv,
 111                              const char *optstring);
 112 static void              set_mode(struct bsdtar *, char opt);
 113 static void              version(void);
 114
 115 /*
 116  * The leading '+' here forces the GNU version of getopt() (as well as
 117  * both the GNU and BSD versions of getopt_long) to stop at the first
 118  * non-option.  Otherwise, GNU getopt() permutes the arguments and
 119  * screws up -C processing.
 120  */
 121 static const char *tar_opts = "+Bb:C:cf:HhI:jkLlmnOoPprtT:UuvW:wX:xyZz";
 122
 123 /*
 124  * Most of these long options are deliberately not documented.  They
 125  * are provided only to make life easier for people who also use GNU tar.
 126  * The only long options documented in the manual page are the ones
 127  * with no corresponding short option, such as --exclude, --nodump,
 128  * and --fast-read.
 129  *
 130  * On systems that lack getopt_long, long options can be specified
 131  * using -W longopt and -W longopt=value, e.g. "-W nodump" is the same
 132  * as "--nodump" and "-W exclude=pattern" is the same as "--exclude
 133  * pattern".  This does not rely the GNU getopt() "W;" extension, so
 134  * should work correctly on any system with a POSIX-compliant getopt().
 135  */
 136
 137 /* Fake short equivalents for long options that otherwise lack them. */
 138 enum {
 139         OPTION_CHECK_LINKS=1,
 140         OPTION_CHROOT,
 141         OPTION_EXCLUDE,
 142         OPTION_FORMAT,
 143         OPTION_HELP,
 144         OPTION_INCLUDE,
 145         OPTION_NEWER_CTIME,
 146         OPTION_NEWER_CTIME_THAN,
 147         OPTION_NEWER_MTIME,
 148         OPTION_NEWER_MTIME_THAN,
 149         OPTION_NODUMP,
 150         OPTION_NO_SAME_OWNER,
 151         OPTION_NO_SAME_PERMISSIONS,
 152         OPTION_NULL,
 153         OPTION_ONE_FILE_SYSTEM,
 154         OPTION_POSIX,
 155         OPTION_STRIP_COMPONENTS,
 156         OPTION_TOTALS,
 157         OPTION_USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM,
 158         OPTION_VERSION
 159 };
 160
 161 /*
 162  * If you add anything, be very careful to keep this list properly
 163  * sorted, as the -W logic relies on it.
 164  */
 165 static const struct option tar_longopts[] = {
 166         { "absolute-paths",     no_argument,       NULL, 'P' },
 167         { "append",             no_argument,       NULL, 'r' },
 168         { "block-size",         required_argument, NULL, 'b' },
 169         { "bunzip2",            no_argument,       NULL, 'j' },
 170         { "bzip",               no_argument,       NULL, 'j' },
 171         { "bzip2",              no_argument,       NULL, 'j' },
 172         { "cd",                 required_argument, NULL, 'C' },
 173         { "check-links",        no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_CHECK_LINKS },
 174         { "chroot",             no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_CHROOT },
 175         { "compress",           no_argument,       NULL, 'Z' },
 176         { "confirmation",       no_argument,       NULL, 'w' },
 177         { "create",             no_argument,       NULL, 'c' },
 178         { "dereference",        no_argument,       NULL, 'L' },
 179         { "directory",          required_argument, NULL, 'C' },
 180         { "exclude",            required_argument, NULL, OPTION_EXCLUDE },
 181         { "exclude-from",       required_argument, NULL, 'X' },
 182         { "extract",            no_argument,       NULL, 'x' },
 183         { "fast-read",          no_argument,       NULL, 'q' },
 184         { "file",               required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 185         { "files-from",         required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 186         { "format",             required_argument, NULL, OPTION_FORMAT },
 187         { "gunzip",             no_argument,       NULL, 'z' },
 188         { "gzip",               no_argument,       NULL, 'z' },
 189         { "help",               no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_HELP },
 190         { "include",            required_argument, NULL, OPTION_INCLUDE },
 191         { "interactive",        no_argument,       NULL, 'w' },
 192         { "insecure",           no_argument,       NULL, 'P' },
 193         { "keep-old-files",     no_argument,       NULL, 'k' },
 194         { "list",               no_argument,       NULL, 't' },
 195         { "modification-time",  no_argument,       NULL, 'm' },
 196         { "newer",              required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_CTIME },
 197         { "newer-ctime",        required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_CTIME },
 198         { "newer-ctime-than",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_CTIME_THAN },
 199         { "newer-mtime",        required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_MTIME },
 200         { "newer-mtime-than",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_MTIME_THAN },
 201         { "newer-than",         required_argument, NULL, OPTION_NEWER_CTIME_THAN },
 202         { "nodump",             no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_NODUMP },
 203         { "norecurse",          no_argument,       NULL, 'n' },
 204         { "no-recursion",       no_argument,       NULL, 'n' },
 205         { "no-same-owner",      no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_NO_SAME_OWNER },
 206         { "no-same-permissions",no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_NO_SAME_PERMISSIONS },
 207         { "null",               no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_NULL },
 208         { "one-file-system",    no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_ONE_FILE_SYSTEM },
 209         { "posix",              no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_POSIX },
 210         { "preserve-permissions", no_argument,     NULL, 'p' },
 211         { "read-full-blocks",   no_argument,       NULL, 'B' },
 212         { "same-permissions",   no_argument,       NULL, 'p' },
 213         { "strip-components",   required_argument, NULL, OPTION_STRIP_COMPONENTS },
 214         { "to-stdout",          no_argument,       NULL, 'O' },
 215         { "totals",             no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_TOTALS },
 216         { "uncompress",         no_argument,       NULL, 'Z' },
 217         { "unlink",             no_argument,       NULL, 'U' },
 218         { "unlink-first",       no_argument,       NULL, 'U' },
 219         { "update",             no_argument,       NULL, 'u' },
 220         { "use-compress-program",
 221                                 required_argument, NULL, OPTION_USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM },
 222         { "verbose",            no_argument,       NULL, 'v' },
 223         { "version",            no_argument,       NULL, OPTION_VERSION },
 224         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 225 };
 226
 227 /* A basic set of security flags to request from libarchive. */
 228 #define SECURITY                                        \
 229         (ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_SYMLINKS                \
 230          | ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_SECURE_NODOTDOT)
 231
 232 int
 233 main(int argc, char **argv)
 234 {
 235         struct bsdtar           *bsdtar, bsdtar_storage;
 236         const struct option     *option;
 237         int                      opt, t;
 238         char                     option_o;
 239         char                     possible_help_request;
 240         char                     buff[16];
 241
 242         /*
 243          * Use a pointer for consistency, but stack-allocated storage
 244          * for ease of cleanup.
 245          */
 246         bsdtar = &bsdtar_storage;
 247         memset(bsdtar, 0, sizeof(*bsdtar));
 248         bsdtar->fd = -1; /* Mark as "unused" */
 249         option_o = 0;
 250
 251         /* Need bsdtar->progname before calling bsdtar_warnc. */
 252         if (*argv == NULL)
 253                 bsdtar->progname = "bsdtar";
 254         else {
 255                 bsdtar->progname = strrchr(*argv, '/');
 256                 if (bsdtar->progname != NULL)
 257                         bsdtar->progname++;
 258                 else
 259                         bsdtar->progname = *argv;
 260         }
 261
 262         if (setlocale(LC_ALL, "") == NULL)
 263                 bsdtar_warnc(bsdtar, 0, "Failed to set default locale");
 264 #if defined(HAVE_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(HAVE_D_MD_ORDER)
 265         bsdtar->day_first = (*nl_langinfo(D_MD_ORDER) == 'd');
 266 #endif
 267         possible_help_request = 0;
 268
 269         /* Look up uid of current user for future reference */
 270         bsdtar->user_uid = geteuid();
 271
 272         /* Default: open tape drive. */
 273         bsdtar->filename = getenv("TAPE");
 274         if (bsdtar->filename == NULL)
 275                 bsdtar->filename = _PATH_DEFTAPE;
 276
 277         /* Default: preserve mod time on extract */
 278         bsdtar->extract_flags = ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_TIME;
 279
 280         /* Default: Perform basic security checks. */
 281         bsdtar->extract_flags |= SECURITY;
 282
 283         /* Defaults for root user: */
 284         if (bsdtar->user_uid == 0) {
 285                 /* --same-owner */
 286                 bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_OWNER;
 287                 /* -p */
 288                 bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_PERM;
 289                 bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_ACL;
 290                 bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_XATTR;
 291                 bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_FFLAGS;
 292         }
 293
 294         /* Rewrite traditional-style tar arguments, if used. */
 295         argv = rewrite_argv(bsdtar, &argc, argv, tar_opts);
 296
 297         bsdtar->argv = argv;
 298         bsdtar->argc = argc;
 299
 300         /* Process all remaining arguments now. */
 301         /*
 302          * Comments following each option indicate where that option
 303          * originated:  SUSv2, POSIX, GNU tar, star, etc.  If there's
 304          * no such comment, then I don't know of anyone else who
 305          * implements that option.
 306          */
 307         while ((opt = bsdtar_getopt(bsdtar, tar_opts, &option)) != -1) {
 308                 switch (opt) {
 309                 case 'B': /* GNU tar */
 310                         /* libarchive doesn't need this; just ignore it. */
 311                         break;
 312                 case 'b': /* SUSv2 */
 313                         t = atoi(optarg);
 314                         if (t <= 0 || t > 1024)
 315                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 316                                     "Argument to -b is out of range (1..1024)");
 317                         bsdtar->bytes_per_block = 512 * t;
 318                         break;
 319                 case 'C': /* GNU tar */
 320                         set_chdir(bsdtar, optarg);
 321                         break;
 322                 case 'c': /* SUSv2 */
 323                         set_mode(bsdtar, opt);
 324                         break;
 325                 case OPTION_CHECK_LINKS: /* GNU tar */
 326                         bsdtar->option_warn_links = 1;
 327                         break;
 328                 case OPTION_CHROOT: /* NetBSD */
 329                         bsdtar->option_chroot = 1;
 330                         break;
 331                 case OPTION_EXCLUDE: /* GNU tar */
 332                         if (exclude(bsdtar, optarg))
 333                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 334                                     "Couldn't exclude %s\n", optarg);
 335                         break;
 336                 case OPTION_FORMAT: /* GNU tar, others */
 337                         bsdtar->create_format = optarg;
 338                         break;
 339                 case 'f': /* SUSv2 */
 340                         bsdtar->filename = optarg;
 341                         if (strcmp(bsdtar->filename, "-") == 0)
 342                                 bsdtar->filename = NULL;
 343                         break;
 344                 case 'H': /* BSD convention */
 345                         bsdtar->symlink_mode = 'H';
 346                         break;
 347                 case 'h': /* Linux Standards Base, gtar; synonym for -L */
 348                         bsdtar->symlink_mode = 'L';
 349                         /* Hack: -h by itself is the "help" command. */
 350                         possible_help_request = 1;
 351                         break;
 352                 case OPTION_HELP: /* GNU tar, others */
 353                         long_help(bsdtar);
 354                         exit(0);
 355                         break;
 356                 case 'I': /* GNU tar */
 357                         /*
 358                          * TODO: Allow 'names' to come from an archive,
 359                          * not just a text file.  Design a good UI for
 360                          * allowing names and mode/owner to be read
 361                          * from an archive, with contents coming from
 362                          * disk.  This can be used to "refresh" an
 363                          * archive or to design archives with special
 364                          * permissions without having to create those
 365                          * permissions on disk.
 366                          */
 367                         bsdtar->names_from_file = optarg;
 368                         break;
 369                 case OPTION_INCLUDE:
 370                         /*
 371                          * Noone else has the @archive extension, so
 372                          * noone else needs this to filter entries
 373                          * when transforming archives.
 374                          */
 375                         if (include(bsdtar, optarg))
 376                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 377                                     "Failed to add %s to inclusion list",
 378                                     optarg);
 379                         break;
 380                 case 'j': /* GNU tar */
 381 #if HAVE_LIBBZ2
 382                         if (bsdtar->create_compression != '\0')
 383                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 384                                     "Can't specify both -%c and -%c", opt,
 385                                     bsdtar->create_compression);
 386                         bsdtar->create_compression = opt;
 387 #else
 388                         bsdtar_warnc(bsdtar, 0, "-j compression not supported by this version of bsdtar");
 389                         usage(bsdtar);
 390 #endif
 391                         break;
 392                 case 'k': /* GNU tar */
 393                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_NO_OVERWRITE;
 394                         break;
 395                 case 'L': /* BSD convention */
 396                         bsdtar->symlink_mode = 'L';
 397                         break;
 398                 case 'l': /* SUSv2 and GNU tar beginning with 1.16 */
 399                         /* GNU tar 1.13  used -l for --one-file-system */
 400                         bsdtar->option_warn_links = 1;
 401                         break;
 402                 case 'm': /* SUSv2 */
 403                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_TIME;
 404                         break;
 405                 case 'n': /* GNU tar */
 406                         bsdtar->option_no_subdirs = 1;
 407                         break;
 408                 /*
 409                  * Selecting files by time:
 410                  *    --newer-?time='date' Only files newer than 'date'
 411                  *    --newer-?time-than='file' Only files newer than time
 412                  *         on specified file (useful for incremental backups)
 413                  * TODO: Add corresponding "older" options to reverse these.
 414                  */
 415                 case OPTION_NEWER_CTIME: /* GNU tar */
 416                         bsdtar->newer_ctime_sec = get_date(optarg);
 417                         break;
 418                 case OPTION_NEWER_CTIME_THAN:
 419                         {
 420                                 struct stat st;
 421                                 if (stat(optarg, &st) != 0)
 422                                         bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 423                                             "Can't open file %s", optarg);
 424                                 bsdtar->newer_ctime_sec = st.st_ctime;
 425                                 bsdtar->newer_ctime_nsec =
 426                                     ARCHIVE_STAT_CTIME_NANOS(&st);
 427                         }
 428                         break;
 429                 case OPTION_NEWER_MTIME: /* GNU tar */
 430                         bsdtar->newer_mtime_sec = get_date(optarg);
 431                         break;
 432                 case OPTION_NEWER_MTIME_THAN:
 433                         {
 434                                 struct stat st;
 435                                 if (stat(optarg, &st) != 0)
 436                                         bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 437                                             "Can't open file %s", optarg);
 438                                 bsdtar->newer_mtime_sec = st.st_mtime;
 439                                 bsdtar->newer_mtime_nsec =
 440                                     ARCHIVE_STAT_MTIME_NANOS(&st);
 441                         }
 442                         break;
 443                 case OPTION_NODUMP: /* star */
 444                         bsdtar->option_honor_nodump = 1;
 445                         break;
 446                 case OPTION_NO_SAME_OWNER: /* GNU tar */
 447                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_OWNER;
 448                         break;
 449                 case OPTION_NO_SAME_PERMISSIONS: /* GNU tar */
 450                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_PERM;
 451                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_ACL;
 452                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_XATTR;
 453                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_FFLAGS;
 454                         break;
 455                 case OPTION_NULL: /* GNU tar */
 456                         bsdtar->option_null++;
 457                         break;
 458                 case 'O': /* GNU tar */
 459                         bsdtar->option_stdout = 1;
 460                         break;
 461                 case 'o': /* SUSv2 and GNU conflict here, but not fatally */
 462                         option_o = 1; /* Record it and resolve it later. */
 463                         break;
 464                 case OPTION_ONE_FILE_SYSTEM: /* GNU tar */
 465                         bsdtar->option_dont_traverse_mounts = 1;
 466                         break;
 467 #if 0
 468                 /*
 469                  * The common BSD -P option is not necessary, since
 470                  * our default is to archive symlinks, not follow
 471                  * them.  This is convenient, as -P conflicts with GNU
 472                  * tar anyway.
 473                  */
 474                 case 'P': /* BSD convention */
 475                         /* Default behavior, no option necessary. */
 476                         break;
 477 #endif
 478                 case 'P': /* GNU tar */
 479                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~SECURITY;
 480                         bsdtar->option_absolute_paths = 1;
 481                         break;
 482                 case 'p': /* GNU tar, star */
 483                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_PERM;
 484                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_ACL;
 485                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_XATTR;
 486                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_FFLAGS;
 487                         break;
 488                 case OPTION_POSIX: /* GNU tar */
 489                         bsdtar->create_format = "pax";
 490                         break;
 491                 case 'q': /* FreeBSD GNU tar --fast-read, NetBSD -q */
 492                         bsdtar->option_fast_read = 1;
 493                         break;
 494                 case 'r': /* SUSv2 */
 495                         set_mode(bsdtar, opt);
 496                         break;
 497                 case OPTION_STRIP_COMPONENTS: /* GNU tar 1.15 */
 498                         bsdtar->strip_components = atoi(optarg);
 499                         break;
 500                 case 'T': /* GNU tar */
 501                         bsdtar->names_from_file = optarg;
 502                         break;
 503                 case 't': /* SUSv2 */
 504                         set_mode(bsdtar, opt);
 505                         bsdtar->verbose++;
 506                         break;
 507                 case OPTION_TOTALS: /* GNU tar */
 508                         bsdtar->option_totals++;
 509                         break;
 510                 case 'U': /* GNU tar */
 511                         bsdtar->extract_flags |= ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_UNLINK;
 512                         bsdtar->option_unlink_first = 1;
 513                         break;
 514                 case 'u': /* SUSv2 */
 515                         set_mode(bsdtar, opt);
 516                         break;
 517                 case 'v': /* SUSv2 */
 518                         bsdtar->verbose++;
 519                         break;
 520                 case OPTION_VERSION: /* GNU convention */
 521                         version();
 522                         break;
 523 #if 0
 524                 /*
 525                  * The -W longopt feature is handled inside of
 526                  * bsdtar_getop(), so -W is not available here.
 527                  */
 528                 case 'W': /* Obscure, but useful GNU convention. */
 529                         break;
 530 #endif
 531                 case 'w': /* SUSv2 */
 532                         bsdtar->option_interactive = 1;
 533                         break;
 534                 case 'X': /* GNU tar */
 535                         if (exclude_from_file(bsdtar, optarg))
 536                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 537                                     "failed to process exclusions from file %s",
 538                                     optarg);
 539                         break;
 540                 case 'x': /* SUSv2 */
 541                         set_mode(bsdtar, opt);
 542                         break;
 543                 case 'y': /* FreeBSD version of GNU tar */
 544 #if HAVE_LIBBZ2
 545                         if (bsdtar->create_compression != '\0')
 546                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 547                                     "Can't specify both -%c and -%c", opt,
 548                                     bsdtar->create_compression);
 549                         bsdtar->create_compression = opt;
 550 #else
 551                         bsdtar_warnc(bsdtar, 0, "-y compression not supported by this version of bsdtar");
 552                         usage(bsdtar);
 553 #endif
 554                         break;
 555                 case 'Z': /* GNU tar */
 556                         if (bsdtar->create_compression != '\0')
 557                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 558                                     "Can't specify both -%c and -%c", opt,
 559                                     bsdtar->create_compression);
 560                         bsdtar->create_compression = opt;
 561                         break;
 562                 case 'z': /* GNU tar, star, many others */
 563 #if HAVE_LIBZ
 564                         if (bsdtar->create_compression != '\0')
 565                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 566                                     "Can't specify both -%c and -%c", opt,
 567                                     bsdtar->create_compression);
 568                         bsdtar->create_compression = opt;
 569 #else
 570                         bsdtar_warnc(bsdtar, 0, "-z compression not supported by this version of bsdtar");
 571                         usage(bsdtar);
 572 #endif
 573                         break;
 574                 case OPTION_USE_COMPRESS_PROGRAM:
 575                         bsdtar->compress_program = optarg;
 576                         break;
 577                 default:
 578                         usage(bsdtar);
 579                 }
 580         }
 581
 582         /*
 583          * Sanity-check options.
 584          */
 585
 586         /* If no "real" mode was specified, treat -h as --help. */
 587         if ((bsdtar->mode == '\0') && possible_help_request) {
 588                 long_help(bsdtar);
 589                 exit(0);
 590         }
 591
 592         /* Otherwise, a mode is required. */
 593         if (bsdtar->mode == '\0')
 594                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 595                     "Must specify one of -c, -r, -t, -u, -x");
 596
 597         /* Check boolean options only permitted in certain modes. */
 598         if (bsdtar->option_dont_traverse_mounts)
 599                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--one-file-system", "cru");
 600         if (bsdtar->option_fast_read)
 601                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--fast-read", "xt");
 602         if (bsdtar->option_honor_nodump)
 603                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--nodump", "cru");
 604         if (option_o > 0) {
 605                 switch (bsdtar->mode) {
 606                 case 'c':
 607                         /*
 608                          * In GNU tar, -o means "old format."  The
 609                          * "ustar" format is the closest thing
 610                          * supported by libarchive.
 611                          */
 612                         bsdtar->create_format = "ustar";
 613                         /* TODO: bsdtar->create_format = "v7"; */
 614                         break;
 615                 case 'x':
 616                         /* POSIX-compatible behavior. */
 617                         bsdtar->option_no_owner = 1;
 618                         bsdtar->extract_flags &= ~ARCHIVE_EXTRACT_OWNER;
 619                         break;
 620                 default:
 621                         only_mode(bsdtar, "-o", "xc");
 622                         break;
 623                 }
 624         }
 625         if (bsdtar->option_no_subdirs)
 626                 only_mode(bsdtar, "-n", "cru");
 627         if (bsdtar->option_stdout)
 628                 only_mode(bsdtar, "-O", "xt");
 629         if (bsdtar->option_unlink_first)
 630                 only_mode(bsdtar, "-U", "x");
 631         if (bsdtar->option_warn_links)
 632                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--check-links", "cr");
 633
 634         if (bsdtar->create_compression != '\0') {
 635                 strcpy(buff, "-?");
 636                 buff[1] = bsdtar->create_compression;
 637                 only_mode(bsdtar, buff, "cxt");
 638         }
 639         if (bsdtar->create_format != NULL)
 640                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--format", "c");
 641         if (bsdtar->symlink_mode != '\0') {
 642                 strcpy(buff, "-?");
 643                 buff[1] = bsdtar->symlink_mode;
 644                 only_mode(bsdtar, buff, "cru");
 645         }
 646         if (bsdtar->strip_components != 0)
 647                 only_mode(bsdtar, "--strip-components", "xt");
 648
 649         bsdtar->argc -= optind;
 650         bsdtar->argv += optind;
 651
 652         switch(bsdtar->mode) {
 653         case 'c':
 654                 tar_mode_c(bsdtar);
 655                 break;
 656         case 'r':
 657                 tar_mode_r(bsdtar);
 658                 break;
 659         case 't':
 660                 tar_mode_t(bsdtar);
 661                 break;
 662         case 'u':
 663                 tar_mode_u(bsdtar);
 664                 break;
 665         case 'x':
 666                 tar_mode_x(bsdtar);
 667                 break;
 668         }
 669
 670         cleanup_exclusions(bsdtar);
 671         if (bsdtar->return_value != 0)
 672                 bsdtar_warnc(bsdtar, 0,
 673                     "Error exit delayed from previous errors.");
 674         return (bsdtar->return_value);
 675 }
 676
 677 static void
 678 set_mode(struct bsdtar *bsdtar, char opt)
 679 {
 680         if (bsdtar->mode != '\0' && bsdtar->mode != opt)
 681                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 682                     "Can't specify both -%c and -%c", opt, bsdtar->mode);
 683         bsdtar->mode = opt;
 684 }
 685
 686 /*
 687  * Verify that the mode is correct.
 688  */
 689 static void
 690 only_mode(struct bsdtar *bsdtar, const char *opt, const char *valid_modes)
 691 {
 692         if (strchr(valid_modes, bsdtar->mode) == NULL)
 693                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 694                     "Option %s is not permitted in mode -%c",
 695                     opt, bsdtar->mode);
 696 }
 697
 698
 699 /*-
 700  * Convert traditional tar arguments into new-style.
 701  * For example,
 702  *     tar tvfb file.tar 32 --exclude FOO
 703  * will be converted to
 704  *     tar -t -v -f file.tar -b 32 --exclude FOO
 705  *
 706  * This requires building a new argv array.  The initial bundled word
 707  * gets expanded into a new string that looks like "-t\0-v\0-f\0-b\0".
 708  * The new argv array has pointers into this string intermingled with
 709  * pointers to the existing arguments.  Arguments are moved to
 710  * immediately follow their options.
 711  *
 712  * The optstring argument here is the same one passed to getopt(3).
 713  * It is used to determine which option letters have trailing arguments.
 714  */
 715 char **
 716 rewrite_argv(struct bsdtar *bsdtar, int *argc, char **src_argv,
 717     const char *optstring)
 718 {
 719         char **new_argv, **dest_argv;
 720         const char *p;
 721         char *src, *dest;
 722
 723         if (src_argv[0] == NULL ||
 724             src_argv[1] == NULL || src_argv[1][0] == '-')
 725                 return (src_argv);
 726
 727         *argc += strlen(src_argv[1]) - 1;
 728         new_argv = malloc((*argc + 1) * sizeof(new_argv[0]));
 729         if (new_argv == NULL)
 730                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, errno, "No Memory");
 731
 732         dest_argv = new_argv;
 733         *dest_argv++ = *src_argv++;
 734
 735         dest = malloc(strlen(*src_argv) * 3);
 736         if (dest == NULL)
 737                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, errno, "No memory");
 738         for (src = *src_argv++; *src != '\0'; src++) {
 739                 *dest_argv++ = dest;
 740                 *dest++ = '-';
 741                 *dest++ = *src;
 742                 *dest++ = '\0';
 743                 /* If option takes an argument, insert that into the list. */
 744                 for (p = optstring; p != NULL && *p != '\0'; p++) {
 745                         if (*p != *src)
 746                                 continue;
 747                         if (p[1] != ':')        /* No arg required, done. */
 748                                 break;
 749                         if (*src_argv == NULL)  /* No arg available? Error. */
 750                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 751                                     "Option %c requires an argument",
 752                                     *src);
 753                         *dest_argv++ = *src_argv++;
 754                         break;
 755                 }
 756         }
 757
 758         /* Copy remaining arguments, including trailing NULL. */
 759         while ((*dest_argv++ = *src_argv++) != NULL)
 760                 ;
 761
 762         return (new_argv);
 763 }
 764
 765 void
 766 usage(struct bsdtar *bsdtar)
 767 {
 768         const char      *p;
 769
 770         p = bsdtar->progname;
 771
 772         fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n");
 773         fprintf(stderr, "  List:    %s -tf <archive-filename>\n", p);
 774         fprintf(stderr, "  Extract: %s -xf <archive-filename>\n", p);
 775         fprintf(stderr, "  Create:  %s -cf <archive-filename> [filenames...]\n", p);
 776 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
 777         fprintf(stderr, "  Help:    %s --help\n", p);
 778 #else
 779         fprintf(stderr, "  Help:    %s -h\n", p);
 780 #endif
 781         exit(1);
 782 }
 783
 784 static void
 785 version(void)
 786 {
 787         printf("bsdtar %s - %s\n",
 788             BSDTAR_VERSION_STRING,
 789             archive_version());
 790         exit(1);
 791 }
 792
 793 static const char *long_help_msg =
 794         "First option must be a mode specifier:\n"
 795         "  -c Create  -r Add/Replace  -t List  -u Update  -x Extract\n"
 796         "Common Options:\n"
 797         "  -b #  Use # 512-byte records per I/O block\n"
 798         "  -f <filename>  Location of archive (default " _PATH_DEFTAPE ")\n"
 799         "  -v    Verbose\n"
 800         "  -w    Interactive\n"
 801         "Create: %p -c [options] [<file> | <dir> | @<archive> | -C <dir> ]\n"
 802         "  <file>, <dir>  add these items to archive\n"
 803         "  -z, -j  Compress archive with gzip/bzip2\n"
 804         "  --format {ustar|pax|cpio|shar}  Select archive format\n"
 805 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
 806         "  --exclude <pattern>  Skip files that match pattern\n"
 807 #else
 808         "  -W exclude=<pattern>  Skip files that match pattern\n"
 809 #endif
 810         "  -C <dir>  Change to <dir> before processing remaining files\n"
 811         "  @<archive>  Add entries from <archive> to output\n"
 812         "List: %p -t [options] [<patterns>]\n"
 813         "  <patterns>  If specified, list only entries that match\n"
 814         "Extract: %p -x [options] [<patterns>]\n"
 815         "  <patterns>  If specified, extract only entries that match\n"
 816         "  -k    Keep (don't overwrite) existing files\n"
 817         "  -m    Don't restore modification times\n"
 818         "  -O    Write entries to stdout, don't restore to disk\n"
 819         "  -p    Restore permissions (including ACLs, owner, file flags)\n";
 820
 821
 822 /*
 823  * Note that the word 'bsdtar' will always appear in the first line
 824  * of output.
 825  *
 826  * In particular, /bin/sh scripts that need to test for the presence
 827  * of bsdtar can use the following template:
 828  *
 829  * if (tar --help 2>&1 | grep bsdtar >/dev/null 2>&1 ) then \
 830  *          echo bsdtar; else echo not bsdtar; fi
 831  */
 832 static void
 833 long_help(struct bsdtar *bsdtar)
 834 {
 835         const char      *prog;
 836         const char      *p;
 837
 838         prog = bsdtar->progname;
 839
 840         fflush(stderr);
 841
 842         p = (strcmp(prog,"bsdtar") != 0) ? "(bsdtar)" : "";
 843         printf("%s%s: manipulate archive files\n", prog, p);
 844
 845         for (p = long_help_msg; *p != '\0'; p++) {
 846                 if (*p == '%') {
 847                         if (p[1] == 'p') {
 848                                 fputs(prog, stdout);
 849                                 p++;
 850                         } else
 851                                 putchar('%');
 852                 } else
 853                         putchar(*p);
 854         }
 855         version();
 856 }
 857
 858 static int
 859 bsdtar_getopt(struct bsdtar *bsdtar, const char *optstring,
 860     const struct option **poption)
 861 {
 862         char *p, *q;
 863         const struct option *option;
 864         int opt;
 865         int option_index;
 866         size_t option_length;
 867
 868         option_index = -1;
 869         *poption = NULL;
 870
 871 #ifdef HAVE_GETOPT_LONG
 872         opt = getopt_long(bsdtar->argc, bsdtar->argv, optstring,
 873             tar_longopts, &option_index);
 874         if (option_index > -1)
 875                 *poption = tar_longopts + option_index;
 876 #else
 877         opt = getopt(bsdtar->argc, bsdtar->argv, optstring);
 878 #endif
 879
 880         /* Support long options through -W longopt=value */
 881         if (opt == 'W') {
 882                 p = optarg;
 883                 q = strchr(optarg, '=');
 884                 if (q != NULL) {
 885                         option_length = (size_t)(q - p);
 886                         optarg = q + 1;
 887                 } else {
 888                         option_length = strlen(p);
 889                         optarg = NULL;
 890                 }
 891                 option = tar_longopts;
 892                 while (option->name != NULL &&
 893                     (strlen(option->name) < option_length ||
 894                     strncmp(p, option->name, option_length) != 0 )) {
 895                         option++;
 896                 }
 897
 898                 if (option->name != NULL) {
 899                         *poption = option;
 900                         opt = option->val;
 901
 902                         /* If the first match was exact, we're done. */
 903                         if (strncmp(p, option->name, strlen(option->name)) == 0) {
 904                                 while (option->name != NULL)
 905                                         option++;
 906                         } else {
 907                                 /* Check if there's another match. */
 908                                 option++;
 909                                 while (option->name != NULL &&
 910                                     (strlen(option->name) < option_length ||
 911                                     strncmp(p, option->name, option_length) != 0)) {
 912                                         option++;
 913                                 }
 914                         }
 915                         if (option->name != NULL)
 916                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 917                                     "Ambiguous option %s "
 918                                     "(matches both %s and %s)",
 919                                     p, (*poption)->name, option->name);
 920
 921                         if ((*poption)->has_arg == required_argument
 922                             && optarg == NULL)
 923                                 bsdtar_errc(bsdtar, 1, 0,
 924                                     "Option \"%s\" requires argument", p);
 925                 } else {
 926                         opt = '?';
 927                         /* TODO: Set up a fake 'struct option' for
 928                          * error reporting... ? ? ? */
 929                 }
 930         }
 931
 932         return (opt);
 933 }