2 * top - a top users display for Unix
5 * Originally written for BSD4.4 system by Christos Zoulas.
6 * Ported to FreeBSD 2.x by Steven Wallace && Wolfram Schneider
7 * Order support hacked in from top-3.5beta6/machine/m_aix41.c
8 * by Monte Mitzelfelt (for latest top see http://www.groupsys.com/topinfo/)
10 * AUTHOR: Christos Zoulas <christos@ee.cornell.edu>
11 * Steven Wallace <swallace@FreeBSD.org>
12 * Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org>
13 * Thomas Moestl <tmoestl@gmx.net>
14 * Eitan Adler <eadler@FreeBSD.org>
19 #include <sys/errno.h>
20 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
21 #include <sys/param.h>
22 #include <sys/priority.h>
24 #include <sys/resource.h>
26 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #define GETSYSCTL(name, var) getsysctl(name, &(var), sizeof(var))
55 extern struct timeval timeout;
57 enum displaymodes displaymode;
58 static const int namelength = 10;
59 /* TOP_JID_LEN based on max of 999999 */
61 #define TOP_SWAP_LEN 5
63 /* get_process_info passes back a handle. This is what it looks like: */
66 struct kinfo_proc **next_proc; /* points to next valid proc pointer */
67 int remaining; /* number of pointers remaining */
71 /* define what weighted cpu is. */
72 #define weighted_cpu(pct, pp) ((pp)->ki_swtime == 0 ? 0.0 : \
73 ((pct) / (1.0 - exp((pp)->ki_swtime * logcpu))))
75 /* what we consider to be process size: */
76 #define PROCSIZE(pp) ((pp)->ki_size / 1024)
78 #define RU(pp) (&(pp)->ki_rusage)
80 #define PCTCPU(pp) (pcpu[pp - pbase])
82 /* process state names for the "STATE" column of the display */
83 /* the extra nulls in the string "run" are for adding a slash and
84 the processor number when needed */
86 static const char *state_abbrev[] = {
87 "", "START", "RUN\0\0\0", "SLEEP", "STOP", "ZOMB", "WAIT", "LOCK"
93 /* values that we stash away in _init and use in later routines */
97 /* these are retrieved from the kernel in _init */
101 /* these are used in the get_ functions */
105 /* these are for calculating cpu state percentages */
107 static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
108 static long cp_old[CPUSTATES];
109 static long cp_diff[CPUSTATES];
111 /* these are for detailing the process states */
113 static const char *procstatenames[] = {
114 "", " starting, ", " running, ", " sleeping, ", " stopped, ",
115 " zombie, ", " waiting, ", " lock, ",
118 static int process_states[nitems(procstatenames)];
120 /* these are for detailing the cpu states */
122 static int cpu_states[CPUSTATES];
123 static const char *cpustatenames[] = {
124 "user", "nice", "system", "interrupt", "idle", NULL
127 /* these are for detailing the memory statistics */
129 static const char *memorynames[] = {
130 "K Active, ", "K Inact, ", "K Laundry, ", "K Wired, ", "K Buf, ",
133 static int memory_stats[nitems(memorynames)];
135 static const char *arcnames[] = {
136 "K Total, ", "K MFU, ", "K MRU, ", "K Anon, ", "K Header, ", "K Other",
139 static int arc_stats[nitems(arcnames)];
141 static const char *carcnames[] = {
142 "K Compressed, ", "K Uncompressed, ", ":1 Ratio, ",
145 static int carc_stats[nitems(carcnames)];
147 static const char *swapnames[] = {
148 "K Total, ", "K Used, ", "K Free, ", "% Inuse, ", "K In, ", "K Out",
151 static int swap_stats[nitems(swapnames)];
155 /* these are for keeping track of the proc array */
158 static int onproc = -1;
160 static struct kinfo_proc *pbase;
161 static struct kinfo_proc **pref;
162 static struct kinfo_proc *previous_procs;
163 static struct kinfo_proc **previous_pref;
164 static int previous_proc_count = 0;
165 static int previous_proc_count_max = 0;
166 static int previous_thread;
168 /* data used for recalculating pctcpu */
170 static struct timespec proc_uptime;
171 static struct timeval proc_wall_time;
172 static struct timeval previous_wall_time;
173 static uint64_t previous_interval = 0;
175 /* total number of io operations */
176 static long total_inblock;
177 static long total_oublock;
178 static long total_majflt;
180 /* these are for getting the memory statistics */
182 static int arc_enabled;
183 static int carc_enabled;
184 static int pageshift; /* log base 2 of the pagesize */
186 /* define pagetok in terms of pageshift */
188 #define pagetok(size) ((size) << pageshift)
191 #define ki_swap(kip) \
192 ((kip)->ki_swrss > (kip)->ki_rssize ? (kip)->ki_swrss - (kip)->ki_rssize : 0)
195 * Sorting orders. The first element is the default.
197 static const char *ordernames[] = {
198 "cpu", "size", "res", "time", "pri", "threads",
199 "total", "read", "write", "fault", "vcsw", "ivcsw",
200 "jid", "swap", "pid", NULL
203 /* Per-cpu time states */
207 static unsigned long cpumask;
209 static long *pcpu_cp_time;
210 static long *pcpu_cp_old;
211 static long *pcpu_cp_diff;
212 static int *pcpu_cpu_states;
214 /* Battery units and states */
215 static int battery_units;
216 static int battery_life;
218 static int compare_swap(const void *a, const void *b);
219 static int compare_jid(const void *a, const void *b);
220 static int compare_pid(const void *a, const void *b);
221 static int compare_tid(const void *a, const void *b);
222 static const char *format_nice(const struct kinfo_proc *pp);
223 static void getsysctl(const char *name, void *ptr, size_t len);
224 static int swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree);
225 static void update_layout(void);
226 static int find_uid(uid_t needle, int *haystack);
229 find_uid(uid_t needle, int *haystack)
233 for (; i < TOP_MAX_UIDS; ++i)
234 if ((uid_t)haystack[i] == needle)
240 toggle_pcpustats(void)
248 /* Adjust display based on ncpus and the ARC state. */
256 y_swap = 3 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
257 y_idlecursor = 4 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
258 y_message = 4 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
259 y_header = 5 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
260 y_procs = 6 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
261 Header_lines = 6 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
268 y_idlecursor += ncpus - 1;
269 y_message += ncpus - 1;
270 y_header += ncpus - 1;
271 y_procs += ncpus - 1;
272 Header_lines += ncpus - 1;
277 machine_init(struct statics *statics)
279 int i, j, empty, pagesize;
281 int carc_en, nswapdev;
284 size = sizeof(smpmode);
285 if ((sysctlbyname("machdep.smp_active", &smpmode, &size,
287 sysctlbyname("kern.smp.active", &smpmode, &size,
289 size != sizeof(smpmode))
292 size = sizeof(arc_size);
293 if (sysctlbyname("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.size", &arc_size, &size,
294 NULL, 0) == 0 && arc_size != 0)
296 size = sizeof(carc_en);
298 sysctlbyname("vfs.zfs.compressed_arc_enabled", &carc_en, &size,
299 NULL, 0) == 0 && carc_en == 1)
302 kd = kvm_open(NULL, _PATH_DEVNULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, "kvm_open");
306 size = sizeof(nswapdev);
307 if (sysctlbyname("vm.nswapdev", &nswapdev, &size, NULL,
308 0) == 0 && nswapdev != 0)
311 GETSYSCTL("kern.ccpu", ccpu);
313 /* this is used in calculating WCPU -- calculate it ahead of time */
314 logcpu = log(loaddouble(ccpu));
322 /* get the page size and calculate pageshift from it */
323 pagesize = getpagesize();
325 while (pagesize > 1) {
330 /* we only need the amount of log(2)1024 for our conversion */
331 pageshift -= LOG1024;
333 /* fill in the statics information */
334 statics->procstate_names = procstatenames;
335 statics->cpustate_names = cpustatenames;
336 statics->memory_names = memorynames;
338 statics->arc_names = arcnames;
340 statics->arc_names = NULL;
342 statics->carc_names = carcnames;
344 statics->carc_names = NULL;
346 statics->swap_names = swapnames;
348 statics->swap_names = NULL;
349 statics->order_names = ordernames;
351 /* Allocate state for per-CPU stats. */
354 GETSYSCTL("kern.smp.maxcpus", maxcpu);
355 times = calloc(maxcpu * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
357 err(1, "calloc for kern.smp.maxcpus");
358 size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
359 if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
360 err(1, "sysctlbyname kern.cp_times");
361 pcpu_cp_time = calloc(1, size);
362 maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
363 for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
365 for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
366 if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
370 cpumask |= (1ul << i);
375 pcpu_cp_old = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
376 pcpu_cp_diff = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
377 pcpu_cpu_states = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(int));
378 statics->ncpus = ncpus;
380 /* Allocate state of battery units reported via ACPI. */
383 sysctlbyname("hw.acpi.battery.units", &battery_units, &size, NULL, 0);
384 statics->nbatteries = battery_units;
393 format_header(const char *uname_field)
395 static struct sbuf* header = NULL;
397 /* clean up from last time. */
398 if (header != NULL) {
401 header = sbuf_new_auto();
404 switch (displaymode) {
406 sbuf_printf(header, " %s", ps.thread_id ? " THR" : "PID");
407 sbuf_printf(header, "%*s", ps.jail ? TOP_JID_LEN : 0,
408 ps.jail ? " JID" : "");
409 sbuf_printf(header, " %-*.*s ", namelength, namelength, uname_field);
411 sbuf_cat(header, "THR ");
413 sbuf_cat(header, "PRI NICE SIZE RES ");
415 sbuf_printf(header, "%*s ", TOP_SWAP_LEN - 1, "SWAP");
417 sbuf_cat(header, "STATE ");
419 sbuf_cat(header, "C ");
421 sbuf_cat(header, "TIME ");
422 sbuf_printf(header, " %6s ", ps.wcpu ? "WCPU" : "CPU");
423 sbuf_cat(header, "COMMAND");
428 sbuf_printf(header, " %s%*s %-*.*s",
429 ps.thread_id ? " THR" : "PID",
430 ps.jail ? TOP_JID_LEN : 0, ps.jail ? " JID" : "",
431 namelength, namelength, uname_field);
432 sbuf_cat(header, " VCSW IVCSW READ WRITE FAULT TOTAL PERCENT COMMAND");
437 assert("displaymode must not be set to DISP_MAX");
440 return sbuf_data(header);
443 static int swappgsin = -1;
444 static int swappgsout = -1;
448 get_system_info(struct system_info *si)
450 struct loadavg sysload;
452 struct timeval boottime;
453 uint64_t arc_stat, arc_stat2;
457 /* get the CPU stats */
458 size = (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES * sizeof(long);
459 if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_times", pcpu_cp_time, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
460 err(1, "sysctlbyname kern.cp_times");
461 GETSYSCTL("kern.cp_time", cp_time);
462 GETSYSCTL("vm.loadavg", sysload);
463 GETSYSCTL("kern.lastpid", lastpid);
465 /* convert load averages to doubles */
466 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
467 si->load_avg[i] = (double)sysload.ldavg[i] / sysload.fscale;
469 /* convert cp_time counts to percentages */
470 for (i = j = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
471 if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
473 percentages(CPUSTATES, &pcpu_cpu_states[j * CPUSTATES],
474 &pcpu_cp_time[j * CPUSTATES],
475 &pcpu_cp_old[j * CPUSTATES],
476 &pcpu_cp_diff[j * CPUSTATES]);
479 percentages(CPUSTATES, cpu_states, cp_time, cp_old, cp_diff);
481 /* sum memory & swap statistics */
483 static unsigned int swap_delay = 0;
484 static int swapavail = 0;
485 static int swapfree = 0;
486 static long bufspace = 0;
487 static uint64_t nspgsin, nspgsout;
489 GETSYSCTL("vfs.bufspace", bufspace);
490 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_active_count", memory_stats[0]);
491 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count", memory_stats[1]);
492 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_laundry_count", memory_stats[2]);
493 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count", memory_stats[3]);
494 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_free_count", memory_stats[5]);
495 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin", nspgsin);
496 GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout", nspgsout);
497 /* convert memory stats to Kbytes */
498 memory_stats[0] = pagetok(memory_stats[0]);
499 memory_stats[1] = pagetok(memory_stats[1]);
500 memory_stats[2] = pagetok(memory_stats[2]);
501 memory_stats[3] = pagetok(memory_stats[3]);
502 memory_stats[4] = bufspace / 1024;
503 memory_stats[5] = pagetok(memory_stats[5]);
504 memory_stats[6] = -1;
512 /* compute differences between old and new swap statistic */
514 swap_stats[4] = pagetok(((nspgsin - swappgsin)));
515 swap_stats[5] = pagetok(((nspgsout - swappgsout)));
519 swappgsout = nspgsout;
521 /* call CPU heavy swapmode() only for changes */
522 if (swap_stats[4] > 0 || swap_stats[5] > 0 || swap_delay == 0) {
523 swap_stats[3] = swapmode(&swapavail, &swapfree);
524 swap_stats[0] = swapavail;
525 swap_stats[1] = swapavail - swapfree;
526 swap_stats[2] = swapfree;
533 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.size", arc_stat);
534 arc_stats[0] = arc_stat >> 10;
535 GETSYSCTL("vfs.zfs.mfu_size", arc_stat);
536 arc_stats[1] = arc_stat >> 10;
537 GETSYSCTL("vfs.zfs.mru_size", arc_stat);
538 arc_stats[2] = arc_stat >> 10;
539 GETSYSCTL("vfs.zfs.anon_size", arc_stat);
540 arc_stats[3] = arc_stat >> 10;
541 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.hdr_size", arc_stat);
542 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.l2_hdr_size", arc_stat2);
543 arc_stats[4] = (arc_stat + arc_stat2) >> 10;
544 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.bonus_size", arc_stat);
545 arc_stats[5] = arc_stat >> 10;
546 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.dnode_size", arc_stat);
547 arc_stats[5] += arc_stat >> 10;
548 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.dbuf_size", arc_stat);
549 arc_stats[5] += arc_stat >> 10;
553 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.compressed_size", arc_stat);
554 carc_stats[0] = arc_stat >> 10;
555 carc_stats[2] = arc_stat >> 10; /* For ratio */
556 GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.uncompressed_size", arc_stat);
557 carc_stats[1] = arc_stat >> 10;
558 si->carc = carc_stats;
561 /* set arrays and strings */
563 si->cpustates = pcpu_cpu_states;
566 si->cpustates = cpu_states;
569 si->memory = memory_stats;
570 si->swap = swap_stats;
574 si->last_pid = lastpid;
580 * Print how long system has been up.
581 * (Found by looking getting "boottime" from the kernel)
584 mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
585 size = sizeof(boottime);
586 if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), &boottime, &size, NULL, 0) != -1 &&
587 boottime.tv_sec != 0) {
588 si->boottime = boottime;
590 si->boottime.tv_sec = -1;
594 if (battery_units > 0) {
595 GETSYSCTL("hw.acpi.battery.life", battery_life);
597 si->battery = battery_life;
600 #define NOPROC ((void *)-1)
603 * We need to compare data from the old process entry with the new
605 * To facilitate doing this quickly we stash a pointer in the kinfo_proc
606 * structure to cache the mapping. We also use a negative cache pointer
607 * of NOPROC to avoid duplicate lookups.
608 * XXX: this could be done when the actual processes are fetched, we do
609 * it here out of laziness.
611 static const struct kinfo_proc *
612 get_old_proc(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
614 const struct kinfo_proc * const *oldpp, *oldp;
617 * If this is the first fetch of the kinfo_procs then we don't have
618 * any previous entries.
620 if (previous_proc_count == 0)
622 /* negative cache? */
623 if (pp->ki_udata == NOPROC)
626 if (pp->ki_udata != NULL)
627 return (pp->ki_udata);
630 * 1) look up based on pid.
631 * 2) compare process start.
632 * If we fail here, then setup a negative cache entry, otherwise
635 oldpp = bsearch(&pp, previous_pref, previous_proc_count,
636 sizeof(*previous_pref), ps.thread ? compare_tid : compare_pid);
638 pp->ki_udata = NOPROC;
642 if (memcmp(&oldp->ki_start, &pp->ki_start, sizeof(pp->ki_start)) != 0) {
643 pp->ki_udata = NOPROC;
646 pp->ki_udata = __DECONST(void *, oldp);
651 * Return the total amount of IO done in blocks in/out and faults.
652 * store the values individually in the pointers passed in.
655 get_io_stats(const struct kinfo_proc *pp, long *inp, long *oup, long *flp,
656 long *vcsw, long *ivcsw)
658 const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
659 static struct kinfo_proc dummy;
662 oldp = get_old_proc(__DECONST(struct kinfo_proc *, pp));
664 memset(&dummy, 0, sizeof(dummy));
667 *inp = RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
668 *oup = RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
669 *flp = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
670 *vcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw;
671 *ivcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw;
673 (RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock) +
674 (RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock) +
675 (RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt);
680 * If there was a previous update, use the delta in ki_runtime over
681 * the previous interval to calculate pctcpu. Otherwise, fall back
682 * to using the kernel's ki_pctcpu.
685 proc_calc_pctcpu(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
687 const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
689 if (previous_interval != 0) {
690 oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
692 return ((double)(pp->ki_runtime - oldp->ki_runtime)
693 / previous_interval);
696 * If this process/thread was created during the previous
697 * interval, charge it's total runtime to the previous
700 else if (pp->ki_start.tv_sec > previous_wall_time.tv_sec ||
701 (pp->ki_start.tv_sec == previous_wall_time.tv_sec &&
702 pp->ki_start.tv_usec >= previous_wall_time.tv_usec))
703 return ((double)pp->ki_runtime / previous_interval);
705 return (pctdouble(pp->ki_pctcpu));
709 * Return true if this process has used any CPU time since the
713 proc_used_cpu(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
715 const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
717 oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
719 return (PCTCPU(pp) != 0);
720 return (pp->ki_runtime != oldp->ki_runtime ||
721 RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw != RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw ||
722 RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw != RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw);
726 * Return the total number of block in/out and faults by a process.
729 get_io_total(const struct kinfo_proc *pp)
733 return (get_io_stats(pp, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy));
736 static struct handle handle;
739 get_process_info(struct system_info *si, struct process_select *sel,
740 int (*compare)(const void *, const void *))
745 long p_inblock, p_oublock, p_majflt, p_vcsw, p_ivcsw;
748 struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
749 struct kinfo_proc *pp;
750 struct timespec previous_proc_uptime;
753 * If thread state was toggled, don't cache the previous processes.
755 if (previous_thread != sel->thread)
757 previous_thread = sel->thread;
760 * Save the previous process info.
762 if (previous_proc_count_max < nproc) {
763 free(previous_procs);
764 previous_procs = calloc(nproc, sizeof(*previous_procs));
766 previous_pref = calloc(nproc, sizeof(*previous_pref));
767 if (previous_procs == NULL || previous_pref == NULL) {
768 fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
769 quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
771 previous_proc_count_max = nproc;
774 for (i = 0; i < nproc; i++)
775 previous_pref[i] = &previous_procs[i];
776 memcpy(previous_procs, pbase, nproc * sizeof(*previous_procs));
777 qsort(previous_pref, nproc, sizeof(*previous_pref),
778 ps.thread ? compare_tid : compare_pid);
780 previous_proc_count = nproc;
781 previous_proc_uptime = proc_uptime;
782 previous_wall_time = proc_wall_time;
783 previous_interval = 0;
785 pbase = kvm_getprocs(kd, sel->thread ? KERN_PROC_ALL : KERN_PROC_PROC,
787 gettimeofday(&proc_wall_time, NULL);
788 if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &proc_uptime) != 0)
789 memset(&proc_uptime, 0, sizeof(proc_uptime));
790 else if (previous_proc_uptime.tv_sec != 0 &&
791 previous_proc_uptime.tv_nsec != 0) {
792 previous_interval = (proc_uptime.tv_sec -
793 previous_proc_uptime.tv_sec) * 1000000;
794 nsec = proc_uptime.tv_nsec - previous_proc_uptime.tv_nsec;
796 previous_interval -= 1000000;
799 previous_interval += nsec / 1000;
801 if (nproc > onproc) {
802 pref = realloc(pref, sizeof(*pref) * nproc);
803 pcpu = realloc(pcpu, sizeof(*pcpu) * nproc);
806 if (pref == NULL || pbase == NULL || pcpu == NULL) {
807 fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
808 quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
810 /* get a pointer to the states summary array */
811 si->procstates = process_states;
813 /* count up process states and get pointers to interesting procs */
819 memset(process_states, 0, sizeof(process_states));
821 for (pp = pbase, i = 0; i < nproc; pp++, i++) {
823 if (pp->ki_stat == 0)
827 if (!sel->self && pp->ki_pid == mypid && sel->pid == -1)
831 if (!sel->system && (pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM) && sel->pid == -1)
832 /* skip system process */
835 p_io = get_io_stats(pp, &p_inblock, &p_oublock, &p_majflt,
837 total_inblock += p_inblock;
838 total_oublock += p_oublock;
839 total_majflt += p_majflt;
841 process_states[(unsigned char)pp->ki_stat]++;
843 if (pp->ki_stat == SZOMB)
847 if (!sel->kidle && pp->ki_tdflags & TDF_IDLETD && sel->pid == -1)
848 /* skip kernel idle process */
851 PCTCPU(pp) = proc_calc_pctcpu(pp);
852 if (sel->thread && PCTCPU(pp) > 1.0)
854 if (displaymode == DISP_CPU && !sel->idle &&
855 (!proc_used_cpu(pp) ||
856 pp->ki_stat == SSTOP || pp->ki_stat == SIDL))
857 /* skip idle or non-running processes */
860 if (displaymode == DISP_IO && !sel->idle && p_io == 0)
861 /* skip processes that aren't doing I/O */
864 if (sel->jid != -1 && pp->ki_jid != sel->jid)
865 /* skip proc. that don't belong to the selected JID */
868 if (sel->uid[0] != -1 && !find_uid(pp->ki_ruid, sel->uid))
869 /* skip proc. that don't belong to the selected UID */
872 if (sel->pid != -1 && pp->ki_pid != sel->pid)
879 /* if requested, sort the "interesting" processes */
881 qsort(pref, active_procs, sizeof(*pref), compare);
883 /* remember active and total counts */
884 si->p_total = total_procs;
885 si->p_pactive = pref_len = active_procs;
887 /* pass back a handle */
888 handle.next_proc = pref;
889 handle.remaining = active_procs;
894 format_next_process(struct handle * xhandle, char *(*get_userid)(int), int flags)
896 struct kinfo_proc *pp;
897 const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
901 struct rusage ru, *rup;
905 static struct sbuf* procbuf = NULL;
907 /* clean up from last time. */
908 if (procbuf != NULL) {
911 procbuf = sbuf_new_auto();
915 /* find and remember the next proc structure */
916 pp = *(xhandle->next_proc++);
917 xhandle->remaining--;
919 /* get the process's command name */
920 if ((pp->ki_flag & P_INMEM) == 0) {
922 * Print swapped processes as <pname>
926 len = strlen(pp->ki_comm);
927 if (len > sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3)
928 len = sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3;
929 memmove(pp->ki_comm + 1, pp->ki_comm, len);
930 pp->ki_comm[0] = '<';
931 pp->ki_comm[len + 1] = '>';
932 pp->ki_comm[len + 2] = '\0';
936 * Convert the process's runtime from microseconds to seconds. This
937 * time includes the interrupt time although that is not wanted here.
938 * ps(1) is similarly sloppy.
940 cputime = (pp->ki_runtime + 500000) / 1000000;
942 /* generate "STATE" field */
943 switch (state = pp->ki_stat) {
945 if (smpmode && pp->ki_oncpu != NOCPU)
946 sprintf(status, "CPU%d", pp->ki_oncpu);
948 strcpy(status, "RUN");
951 if (pp->ki_kiflag & KI_LOCKBLOCK) {
952 sprintf(status, "*%.6s", pp->ki_lockname);
957 sprintf(status, "%.6s", pp->ki_wmesg);
961 if (state < nitems(state_abbrev)) {
962 sprintf(status, "%.6s", state_abbrev[state]);
964 sprintf(status, "?%5zu", state);
969 cmdbuf = calloc(screen_width + 1, 1);
970 if (cmdbuf == NULL) {
971 warn("calloc(%d)", screen_width + 1);
975 if (!(flags & FMT_SHOWARGS)) {
976 if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
978 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width, "%s{%s%s}", pp->ki_comm,
979 pp->ki_tdname, pp->ki_moretdname);
981 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width, "%s", pp->ki_comm);
984 if (pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM ||
985 (args = kvm_getargv(kd, pp, screen_width)) == NULL ||
987 if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
989 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
990 "[%s{%s%s}]", pp->ki_comm, pp->ki_tdname,
993 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
994 "[%s]", pp->ki_comm);
1003 argbuflen = screen_width * 4;
1004 argbuf = calloc(argbuflen + 1, 1);
1005 if (argbuf == NULL) {
1006 warn("calloc(%zu)", argbuflen + 1);
1013 /* Extract cmd name from argv */
1014 cmd = basename(*args);
1016 for (; (src = *args++) != NULL; ) {
1019 len = (argbuflen - (dst - argbuf) - 1) / 4;
1021 MIN(strlen(src), len),
1022 VIS_NL | VIS_CSTYLE | VIS_OCTAL | VIS_SAFE);
1023 while (*dst != '\0')
1025 if ((argbuflen - (dst - argbuf) - 1) / 4 > 0)
1026 *dst++ = ' '; /* add delimiting space */
1028 if (dst != argbuf && dst[-1] == ' ')
1032 if (strcmp(cmd, pp->ki_comm) != 0) {
1033 if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
1035 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
1036 "%s (%s){%s%s}", argbuf,
1037 pp->ki_comm, pp->ki_tdname,
1040 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
1041 "%s (%s)", argbuf, pp->ki_comm);
1043 if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
1045 snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
1046 "%s{%s%s}", argbuf, pp->ki_tdname,
1049 strlcpy(cmdbuf, argbuf, screen_width);
1055 if (displaymode == DISP_IO) {
1056 oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
1058 ru.ru_inblock = RU(pp)->ru_inblock -
1059 RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
1060 ru.ru_oublock = RU(pp)->ru_oublock -
1061 RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
1062 ru.ru_majflt = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
1063 ru.ru_nvcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw;
1064 ru.ru_nivcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw;
1069 p_tot = rup->ru_inblock + rup->ru_oublock + rup->ru_majflt;
1070 s_tot = total_inblock + total_oublock + total_majflt;
1072 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%5d ", (ps.thread_id) ? pp->ki_tid : pp->ki_pid);
1075 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*d ", TOP_JID_LEN - 1, pp->ki_jid);
1077 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-*.*s", namelength, namelength, (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid));
1078 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_nvcsw);
1079 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_nivcsw);
1080 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_inblock);
1081 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_oublock);
1082 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_majflt);
1083 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", p_tot);
1084 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6.2f%% ", s_tot == 0 ? 0.0 : (p_tot * 100.0 / s_tot));
1087 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%5d ", (ps.thread_id) ? pp->ki_tid : pp->ki_pid);
1089 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*d ", TOP_JID_LEN - 1, pp->ki_jid);
1091 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-*.*s ", namelength, namelength, (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid));
1094 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%4d ", pp->ki_numthreads);
1096 sbuf_printf(procbuf, " ");
1099 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%3d ", pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PZERO);
1100 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%4s", format_nice(pp));
1101 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%7s ", format_k(PROCSIZE(pp)));
1102 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6s ", format_k(pagetok(pp->ki_rssize)));
1104 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*s ",
1106 format_k(pagetok(ki_swap(pp))));
1108 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-6.6s ", status);
1111 if (state == SRUN && pp->ki_oncpu != NOCPU) {
1114 cpu = pp->ki_lastcpu;
1116 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%3d ", cpu);
1118 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6s ", format_time(cputime));
1119 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6.2f%% ", ps.wcpu ? 100.0 * weighted_cpu(PCTCPU(pp), pp) : 100.0 * PCTCPU(pp));
1121 sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%s", cmdbuf);
1123 return (sbuf_data(procbuf));
1127 getsysctl(const char *name, void *ptr, size_t len)
1131 if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
1132 fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) failed: %s\n", name,
1134 quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
1137 fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) expected %lu, got %lu\n",
1138 name, (unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
1139 quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
1144 format_nice(const struct kinfo_proc *pp)
1146 const char *fifo, *kproc;
1148 static char nicebuf[4 + 1];
1150 fifo = PRI_NEED_RR(pp->ki_pri.pri_class) ? "" : "F";
1151 kproc = (pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? "k" : "";
1152 switch (PRI_BASE(pp->ki_pri.pri_class)) {
1157 * XXX: the kernel doesn't tell us the original rtprio and
1158 * doesn't really know what it was, so to recover it we
1159 * must be more chummy with the implementation than the
1160 * implementation is with itself. pri_user gives a
1161 * constant "base" priority, but is only initialized
1162 * properly for user threads. pri_native gives what the
1163 * kernel calls the "base" priority, but it isn't constant
1164 * since it is changed by priority propagation. pri_native
1165 * also isn't properly initialized for all threads, but it
1166 * is properly initialized for kernel realtime and idletime
1167 * threads. Thus we use pri_user for the base priority of
1168 * user threads (it is always correct) and pri_native for
1169 * the base priority of kernel realtime and idletime threads
1170 * (there is nothing better, and it is usually correct).
1172 * The field width and thus the buffer are too small for
1173 * values like "kr31F", but such values shouldn't occur,
1174 * and if they do then the tailing "F" is not displayed.
1176 rtpri = ((pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? pp->ki_pri.pri_native :
1177 pp->ki_pri.pri_user) - PRI_MIN_REALTIME;
1178 snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%sr%d%s",
1179 kproc, rtpri, fifo);
1182 if (pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC)
1184 snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%d", pp->ki_nice - NZERO);
1187 /* XXX: as above. */
1188 rtpri = ((pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? pp->ki_pri.pri_native :
1189 pp->ki_pri.pri_user) - PRI_MIN_IDLE;
1190 snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%si%d%s",
1191 kproc, rtpri, fifo);
1199 /* comparison routines for qsort */
1202 compare_pid(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1204 const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp1 = p1;
1205 const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp2 = p2;
1207 assert((*pp2)->ki_pid >= 0 && (*pp1)->ki_pid >= 0);
1209 return ((*pp1)->ki_pid - (*pp2)->ki_pid);
1213 compare_tid(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1215 const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp1 = p1;
1216 const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp2 = p2;
1218 assert((*pp2)->ki_tid >= 0 && (*pp1)->ki_tid >= 0);
1220 return ((*pp1)->ki_tid - (*pp2)->ki_tid);
1224 * proc_compare - comparison function for "qsort"
1225 * Compares the resource consumption of two processes using five
1226 * distinct keys. The keys (in descending order of importance) are:
1227 * percent cpu, cpu ticks, state, resident set size, total virtual
1228 * memory usage. The process states are ordered as follows (from least
1229 * to most important): WAIT, zombie, sleep, stop, start, run. The
1230 * array declaration below maps a process state index into a number
1231 * that reflects this ordering.
1234 static int sorted_state[] = {
1237 1, /* ABANDONED (WAIT) */
1245 #define ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(a, b) do { \
1248 diff = weighted_cpu(PCTCPU((b)), (b)) - \
1249 weighted_cpu(PCTCPU((a)), (a)); \
1251 diff = PCTCPU((b)) - PCTCPU((a)); \
1253 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1256 #define ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(a, b) do { \
1257 int64_t diff = (int64_t)(b)->ki_runtime - (int64_t)(a)->ki_runtime; \
1259 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1262 #define ORDERKEY_STATE(a, b) do { \
1263 int diff = sorted_state[(unsigned char)(b)->ki_stat] - sorted_state[(unsigned char)(a)->ki_stat]; \
1265 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1268 #define ORDERKEY_PRIO(a, b) do { \
1269 int diff = (int)(b)->ki_pri.pri_level - (int)(a)->ki_pri.pri_level; \
1271 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1274 #define ORDERKEY_THREADS(a, b) do { \
1275 int diff = (int)(b)->ki_numthreads - (int)(a)->ki_numthreads; \
1277 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1280 #define ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(a, b) do { \
1281 long diff = (long)(b)->ki_rssize - (long)(a)->ki_rssize; \
1283 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1286 #define ORDERKEY_MEM(a, b) do { \
1287 long diff = (long)PROCSIZE((b)) - (long)PROCSIZE((a)); \
1289 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1292 #define ORDERKEY_JID(a, b) do { \
1293 int diff = (int)(b)->ki_jid - (int)(a)->ki_jid; \
1295 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1298 #define ORDERKEY_SWAP(a, b) do { \
1299 int diff = (int)ki_swap(b) - (int)ki_swap(a); \
1301 return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
1304 /* compare_cpu - the comparison function for sorting by cpu percentage */
1307 compare_cpu(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1309 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1310 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1312 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1313 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1314 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1315 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1316 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1317 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1322 /* compare_size - the comparison function for sorting by total memory usage */
1325 compare_size(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1327 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1328 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1330 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1331 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1332 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1333 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1334 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1335 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1340 /* compare_res - the comparison function for sorting by resident set size */
1343 compare_res(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1345 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1346 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1348 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1349 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1350 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1351 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1352 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1353 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1358 /* compare_time - the comparison function for sorting by total cpu time */
1361 compare_time(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1363 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1364 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *) arg2;
1366 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1367 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1368 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1369 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1370 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1371 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1376 /* compare_prio - the comparison function for sorting by priority */
1379 compare_prio(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1381 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1382 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1384 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1385 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1386 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1387 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1388 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1389 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1394 /* compare_threads - the comparison function for sorting by threads */
1396 compare_threads(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1398 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1399 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1401 ORDERKEY_THREADS(p1, p2);
1402 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1403 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1404 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1405 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1406 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1407 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1412 /* compare_jid - the comparison function for sorting by jid */
1414 compare_jid(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1416 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1417 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1419 ORDERKEY_JID(p1, p2);
1420 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1421 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1422 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1423 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1424 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1425 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1430 /* compare_swap - the comparison function for sorting by swap */
1432 compare_swap(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1434 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1435 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1437 ORDERKEY_SWAP(p1, p2);
1438 ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
1439 ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
1440 ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
1441 ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
1442 ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
1443 ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
1448 /* assorted comparison functions for sorting by i/o */
1451 compare_iototal(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1453 const struct kinfo_proc * const p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1454 const struct kinfo_proc * const p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1456 return (get_io_total(p2) - get_io_total(p1));
1460 compare_ioread(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1462 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1463 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1464 long dummy, inp1, inp2;
1466 (void) get_io_stats(p1, &inp1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
1467 (void) get_io_stats(p2, &inp2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
1469 return (inp2 - inp1);
1473 compare_iowrite(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1475 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1476 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1477 long dummy, oup1, oup2;
1479 (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &oup1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
1480 (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &oup2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
1482 return (oup2 - oup1);
1486 compare_iofault(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1488 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1489 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1490 long dummy, flp1, flp2;
1492 (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1, &dummy, &dummy);
1493 (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2, &dummy, &dummy);
1495 return (flp2 - flp1);
1499 compare_vcsw(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1501 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1502 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1503 long dummy, flp1, flp2;
1505 (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1, &dummy);
1506 (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2, &dummy);
1508 return (flp2 - flp1);
1512 compare_ivcsw(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
1514 const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
1515 const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
1516 long dummy, flp1, flp2;
1518 (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1);
1519 (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2);
1521 return (flp2 - flp1);
1524 int (*compares[])(const void *arg1, const void *arg2) = {
1544 swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree)
1547 struct kvm_swap swapary[1];
1548 static int pagesize = 0;
1549 static unsigned long swap_maxpages = 0;
1554 #define CONVERT(v) ((quad_t)(v) * pagesize / 1024)
1556 n = kvm_getswapinfo(kd, swapary, 1, 0);
1557 if (n < 0 || swapary[0].ksw_total == 0)
1561 pagesize = getpagesize();
1562 if (swap_maxpages == 0)
1563 GETSYSCTL("vm.swap_maxpages", swap_maxpages);
1565 /* ksw_total contains the total size of swap all devices which may
1566 exceed the maximum swap size allocatable in the system */
1567 if ( swapary[0].ksw_total > swap_maxpages )
1568 swapary[0].ksw_total = swap_maxpages;
1570 *retavail = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total);
1571 *retfree = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total - swapary[0].ksw_used);
1575 n = (int)(swapary[0].ksw_used * 100.0 / swapary[0].ksw_total);